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79-554: The director of the observatory was Professor Henry C. Lord. The observatory was equipped with a 12.5 inch aperture refractor, the largest telescope in Ohio, USA on its debut in 1896. It was on a Warner and Swasey mounting and Brashear made the optics. An 1896 document about the observatory said the Warner and Swasey mount was so well known it did no need description. The observatory was formally opened on June 16, 1896. The building included

158-770: A Center for Latin America in Santiago , Chile in 2001. It has the task of organizing, managing, and marketing the courses of study maintained either independently by Heidelberg University or in cooperation with the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and the University of Chile . The center has responsibility for programs of postgraduate education . It also coordinates the activities of Heidelberg University in Latin America, and provides

237-536: A public research university in Heidelberg , Baden-Württemberg , Germany . Founded in 1386 on instruction of Pope Urban VI , Heidelberg is Germany's oldest university and one of the world's oldest surviving universities ; it was the third university established in the Holy Roman Empire after Prague (1347) and Vienna (1365). Since 1899, it has been a coeducational institution. Heidelberg

316-726: A consequence of the Bologna process , most faculties now offer Bachelor's , Master's , and Ph.D. degrees to comply with the new European degree standard. Notable exceptions are the undergraduate programs in law, medicine, dentistry and pharmacy , from which students still graduate with the State Examination , a central examination at Master's level held by the State of Baden-Württemberg. The university has partnerships nationally and internationally. In particular, it maintains longstanding collaborations in research and education with

395-478: A great extent in buildings spread over the ancient part of town, though most are less than ten minutes walk from University Square. The faculties maintain their own extensive libraries and work spaces for students. Seminars and tutorials are usually held in the faculty buildings. In the 1960s the university started building a new campus near the city district Neuenheim, called the Neuenheimer Feld. It

474-587: A large campus for medicine and natural sciences was constructed. Today, about 29,000 students are enrolled for studies at Heidelberg University. There are 4,196 full-time faculty, including 476 university professors. In 2007, and again in 2012, the university was appointed University of Excellence under an initiative started by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the German Research Foundation . This enhanced

553-622: A platform for scientific cooperation. Heidelberg University's South Asia Institute maintains branch offices in New Delhi (India)), Islamabad (Pakistan), Kathmandu (Nepal), and Colombo (Sri Lanka). The university is also represented by a liaison office in New York. Its main tasks include promoting existing collaborations, building up new networks, creating joint study programs, and maintaining and expanding academic contacts with American universities. The university has its own museum, in

632-469: A sense of overall unity to the various styles. Heidelberg offers 36 undergraduate courses of study, four graduate programs, 16 minors, and 13 pre-professional programs. The university has an honors program, The Life of the Mind, that focuses on four thematic components: the artist, the citizen, the scholar, and the scientist. Its American Junior Year program at Heidelberg University in Heidelberg, Germany ,

711-413: A total of 28,949 students, including 5,276 international students. In addition there are 1,467 international exchange students at Heidelberg. 23,636 students pursue taught degrees, 4,114 of whom are international students, and 919 are international exchange students. 4,114 students pursue a doctoral degree , including 1,444 international doctoral students and 15 international exchange students . In 2007,

790-486: Is 20 to 25. Students are culturally and geographically diverse, originating from all parts of the country. Eight percent of the students come from other countries. Fifty-three percent are male and forty-seven percent are female. Roughly eighty-five percent of students live in campus-owned housing, which includes seven traditional residence halls, senior apartments, and an average of ten Cooperative Learning Communities (CLCs). CLCs are themed houses that provide students with

869-589: Is a private university in Tiffin, Ohio , United States. Founded in 1850, it was known as Heidelberg College until 1889 and from 1926 to 2009. It is affiliated with the United Church of Christ . Heidelberg University was founded by the German Reformed Church as Heidelberg College in 1850 in Ohio. It is affiliated with the United Church of Christ , the successor to that denomination. In

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948-732: Is accompanied by a chapter of the Order of Omega , an honorary Greek life organization. Sororities Fraternities Mixed-Gender Societies Heidelberg is affiliated with NCAA Division III athletics and is a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference . Heidelberg is the oldest member of the Ohio Athletic Conference which is the third oldest conference in the Nation and was founded in 1902. Heidelberg has won 46 Ohio Athletic Conference championships in

1027-404: Is an open access platform for members of the university. The university bibliography heiBIB lists all academic publications by university members. In 2015, Heidelberg University founded the publishing house Heidelberg University Publishing – heiUP, which is part of the university library. The publisher releases quality-controlled scientific publications in open access. Heidelberg University founded

1106-553: Is located in the former Ludolf Krehl clinic (named after Ludolf von Krehl ) in the inner-city suburb of Heidelberg-Bergheim . Since March 2009 it has housed the institutes economics, political science, and sociology (together the Heidelberg University Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences) that formerly resided at the Old Town campus. The Bergheim campus offers one lecture theatre, several seminar rooms,

1185-620: Is one of the most prestigious universities in Germany. It is a German Excellence University , part of the U15 , as well as a founding member of the League of European Research Universities and the Coimbra Group . The university consists of twelve faculties and offers degree programmes at undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral levels in some 100 disciplines. The language of instruction

1264-511: Is the ' legislative branch ' of the university. The rector and the members of the rectorate are senators ex officio , as are also the deans of the faculties, as well as the medical and managing directors of the University Hospital , and the university's equal opportunities officer . Another 20 senators are elected for four-year terms, within the following quotas: eight university professors; four academic staff; four delegates of

1343-406: Is the oldest exchange program between an American university and a German university. Heidelberg is also home to the renowned National Center for Water Quality Research and The Center for Historic and Military Archaeology. Eighty-five percent of the senior faculty members hold a doctorate or the highest degree in their core competency. The student-to-faculty ratio is 14:1 and the average class size

1422-575: Is today the largest part of the university, and the largest campus for natural sciences and life science in Germany. Almost all science faculties and institutes, the medical school, University Hospital Heidelberg , and the science branch of the University Library are situated on the New Campus. Most of the dormitories and the athletic facilities of the university can be found there as well. Several independent research institutes, such as

1501-693: Is usually German, while a considerable number of graduate degrees are offered in English as well as some in French. As of 2021, 57 Nobel Prize winners have been affiliated with the city of Heidelberg and 33 with the university itself. Modern scientific psychiatry , psychopharmacology , experimental psychology , psychiatric genetics , mathematical statistics , environmental physics , and modern sociology were introduced as scientific disciplines by Heidelberg students or faculty. Approximately 1,000 doctorates are completed every year, with more than one third of

1580-600: The Codex Manesse , which had ended up in the Royal Library in Paris, followed in 1888. Karl Zangemeister (1837–1902) became the first full-time head of the university library in 1912. Based on the designs of architect Joseph Durum, a dedicated library building, a richly ornamented, four-winged red sandstone construction, was erected from 1901 to 1905. In 1978, a branch library opened in the Neuenheimer Feld, serving

1659-510: The Curia , which ultimately led to a papal bull for foundation of a university. After having received, on 23 October 1385, permission from pope Urban VI to create a school of general studies ( Latin : studium generale ), the final decision to found the university was taken on 26 June 1386 at the behest of Rupert I, Count Palatine of the Rhine . As specified in the papal charter, the university

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1738-591: The Frankfurt Parliament of 1848 . During the late 19th century, the university housed a very liberal and open-minded spirit, which was deliberately fostered by Max Weber , Ernst Troeltsch and a circle of colleagues around them. In February 1900, the Grand Duchy of Baden issued a decree that gave women the right to access universities in Baden. Thus, the universities of Freiburg and Heidelberg were

1817-563: The German Cancer Research Center and two of the Max-Planck-Institutes have settled there. The New Campus is also the seat of several biomedical spin-off companies. The old part of town can be reached by tram and bus in about 10 minutes. The Neuenheimer Feld campus has extensive parking lots for faculty and student vehicles for long term and short term parking, as well as visitors and patients of

1896-600: The Treaty of Lunéville , the university lost all its property on the left bank of the Rhine , so that its complete dissolution was expected. This decline did not stop until 1803, when the university was reestablished as a state-owned institution by Karl Friedrich, Grand Duke of Baden , to whom the part of the Palatinate situated on the right bank of the Rhine was allotted. Since then, the university bears his name together with

1975-435: The student body ; and four employees of the university administration. The University Council is the advisory board to the aforementioned entities and encompasses, among others, the former Israeli Ambassador to Germany Avi Primor , as well as CEOs of German industries. After a 2003 structural reformation, the university consists of 13 faculties , which in turn comprise several disciplines, departments, and institutes. As

2054-574: The 2009–2010 school year finished as the 14th best program among NCAA DIII schools because of their high event finishes at the NCAA Division III National Championships. Heidelberg University Heidelberg University , officially the Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg (German: Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg ; Latin : Universitas Ruperto Carola Heidelbergensis ), is

2133-404: The 38 branch libraries add another 3.0 million printed books. In 2022, 43,600 active users accessed 746,000 books. Additionally, the University Library provides a wide array of online resources, among them 152,000 scientific e-journals . The origins of today's University Library date back to 1386, the year the university was founded. Surrounding the new university, the libraries of the faculty of

2212-510: The 55th position worldwide and was ranked first nationally. According to the funding report of the German Research Foundation (DFG) of 2018, which breaks down the grants from 2014 to 2016, the Heidelberg University ranked 2nd among German universities in the overall ranking, 7th in humanities and social sciences and 4th among German universities in the life sciences and natural sciences . The approvals were normalised to

2291-481: The German university system by establishing a small network of exceptionally well-funded universities, which are expected to generate strong international appeal. In 2022, a mass shooting occurred in the university , killing a woman and injuring three other people. The gunman then committed suicide. "I saw Heidelberg on a perfectly clear morning, with a pleasant air both cool and invigorating. The city, just so, with

2370-658: The NCAA Championship, (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) and seventh overall in school history (1997, 1998, 1999). They also captured their fourth OAC Championships in 2009, which added to their titles in 1998, 1999 and 2000. The Berg men's cross country team also was honored by the USTFCCCA in 2009 by having the second highest GPA in NCAA DIII and the fourth highest in the nation among all cross country teams in any division. Wrestling has had five straight successful seasons in

2449-695: The NCAA Division III level in the Ohio Athletic Conference. Esports were added in 2023–2024. Volleyball has qualified for the NCAA Tournament eight times (2007–2012, 2015–2016). They have won six OAC regular season titles (1986, 2009–2011, 2013, 2015) and two tournament titles (2010, 2015). On the gridiron, the Student Princes won the 1972 Amos Alonzo Stagg Bowl under the guidance of head coach Pete Riesen. Men's cross country has had four-straight seasons of qualifying for

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2528-607: The OAC, and placed as high as sixth in the nation in the past five years. They captured OAC Tournament Championships in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010. The wrestlers were also OAC Regular Season Championships in 2006, 2008 and 2009. Baseball has also had success over the past decade with two Regional titles, and seven OAC Championships. They were OAC Tournament Champions 2004, 2008, 2009 and 2010; and Regular Season 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2015 and 2019. Also in 2010, they captured their first NCAA Regional Championship and finished fourth in

2607-549: The Old Town Campus. The sciences faculties and the medical school, including three large university hospitals, are located on the New Campus in the Neuenheimer Feld on the outskirts of Heidelberg. The so-called New University is regarded as the center of the Old Town Campus. It is situated at the Universitätsplatz (University Square) in the pedestrian zone, in direct vicinity to the University Library and to

2686-617: The Reformed faith, Otto Henry, Elector Palatine , converted the university into a calvinistic institution. In 1563, the Heidelberg Catechism was created under collaboration of members of the university's divinity school. As the 16th century was passing, the late humanism stepped beside Calvinism as a predominant school of thought; and figures like Paul Schede , Jan Gruter , Martin Opitz , and Matthäus Merian taught at

2765-650: The Seminarium ad Carolum Borromæum, whose pupils were also registered in the university. After the suppression of the Jesuit Order, most of the schools they had conducted passed into the hands of the French Congregation of Lazarists in 1773. They deteriorated from that time forward. Meanwhile, the university itself continued to lose in prestige until the reign of the last elector Charles Theodore, Elector Palatine , who established new chairs for all

2844-467: The arts, the three higher faculties (theology, law, medicine) and the collegiate library grew. The acquisition of a box of records, which was housed in the Heiliggeistkirche , through the rector, Marsilius of Inghen , in 1388 contributed fundamentally to the development of the library. In the 16th century, Otto Henry, Elector Palatine , combined the miscellaneous book collections accrued since

2923-708: The assassination of the liberal German-Jewish Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau , he refused to half mast the national flag on the institute, thereby provoking its storming by communist students. After the establishment of Nazi Germany in 1933, the university supported Adolf Hitler and the Nazis like all other German universities at the time. It dismissed a large number of staff and students for political and racial reasons. Many dissident fellows had to emigrate and most Jewish and Communist professors who did not leave Germany were deported. At least two professors directly fell victim to Nazi terror. On 17 May 1933, members of

3002-452: The beginning of the 2009–2010 academic year. From a historical perspective, this decision marks the second time the institution has been named Heidelberg University. In 1889, the decision was made to change from college to university, which remained until 1926, when the name Heidelberg College was returned. Interim President According to a statement issued by former interim President Dr. James Troha to all Heidelberg students: "In considering

3081-561: The county seat of Seneca County , in northwestern Ohio. The campus is located on the east side of Tiffin on College Hill, within a half mile of downtown Tiffin. Heidelberg's campus includes 26 buildings, 10 of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The architecture ranges from pure Greek Revival and Victorian Gothic to English Gothic and the functional style. Many of the buildings are formed in gray Bloomville limestone with cut Bedford stone for trim, bringing

3160-468: The cradle of Romanticism , and its old town and castle are among the most frequented tourist destinations in Germany. Its pedestrian zone is a shopping and night life magnet for the surrounding area and beyond. Heidelberg is about 40 minutes by train away from Frankfurt International Airport . Heidelberg University's facilities are, generally speaking, separated in two parts. The faculties and institutes of humanities and social sciences are embedded in

3239-478: The doctoral students coming from abroad. International students from some 130 countries account for more than 20 percent of the entire student body. The Great Schism of 1378 made it possible for Heidelberg, a relatively small city and capital of the Electorate of the Palatinate , to gain its own university. The Great Schism was initiated by the election of two popes after the death of Pope Gregory XI in

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3318-545: The emperor and chief magistrate of the realm. This resulted in establishing a good reputation for the university and its professors. Due to the influence of Marsilius, the university initially taught the nominalism or via moderna . In 1412, both realism and the teachings of John Wycliffe were forbidden at the university but later, around 1454, the university decided that realism or via antique would also be taught, thus introducing two parallel ways ( ambae viae ). The transition from scholastic to humanistic culture

3397-495: The faculties, founded scientific institutes such as the Electoral Academy of Science, and transferred the school of political economy from Kaiserslautern to Heidelberg, where it was combined with the university as the faculty of political economy. He also founded an observatory in the neighboring city of Mannheim , where Jesuit Christian Mayer labored as director. In connection with the four hundredth anniversary of

3476-527: The first ones to allow women to study . In the Weimar Republic , the university was widely recognized as a center of democratic thinking, coined by professors like Karl Jaspers , Gustav Radbruch , Martin Dibelius and Alfred Weber . Unfortunately, there were also dark forces working within the university: Nazi physicist Philipp Lenard was head of the physics institute at the time. Following

3555-540: The following independent research institutes located in and around Heidelberg: The university employs more than 15,000 academic staff; most of them are physicians engaged in the University Hospital . As of 2008, the faculty encompasses 4,196 full-time staff, excluding visiting professors as well as graduate research and teaching assistants . 673 faculty members have been drawn from abroad. Heidelberg University also attracts more than 500 international scholars as visiting professors each academic year. The university enrols

3634-650: The foundation of the university with the princely library housed in Heidelberg Castle to form the Bibliotheca Palatina and made them publicly accessible in the galleries of the Heiliggeistkirche . Among these collections, inherited records of the Fuggers (Augsburg, Ulrich Fugger the Elder) wereof particular importance. The majority of the library holdings, which enjoyed great contemporary renown,

3713-484: The history of the athletic program which dates back to 1892. The school has the mascot "Student Prince", originating from the Sigmund Romberg operetta of the same name . Men's Sports Women's Sports Heidelberg University's history of intercollegiate athletics dates back to 1892, when The Berg beat Findlay in football, 20–0. Since then, the athletic program has grown to 22 teams competing at

3792-536: The institutes of natural sciences and medicine. Since 2021, all manuscripts of the Bibliotheca Palatina are accessible digitally online (848 German-language Palatina manuscripts, 2,030 Latin, 423 Greek, 267 Hebrew and 20 manuscripts in other languages). Their digitization was achieved through the cooperation of Heidelberg University Library and the Vatican Library . The university library expands its publication services: The Heidelberg document server heiDOK

3871-461: The integral university library system comprising approximately 6.2 million printed volumes. The University Library's holdings exceeded one million in 1934. Today, it comprises about 3.2 million books, about 500,000 other media such as microfilms and video tapes, as well as 6,000 printed scientific periodicals. Moreover, it has 6,900 manuscripts, 1,800 incunabula , 110,500 autographs , and a collection of old maps, paintings, and photographs. Furthermore,

3950-529: The main administration buildings. The New University was officially opened in 1931. Its erection was largely financed by donations of wealthy American families, in line with a fundraising campaign of Jacob Gould Schurman , an alumnus of Heidelberg University and former United States Ambassador to Germany . It houses the new assembly hall, the largest lecture halls, and a number of smaller seminar rooms, mostly used by faculties of humanities and social sciences. Education in humanities and social sciences takes place to

4029-598: The main building of the old campus. Visitors are able to view the Great Hall (when not in use), and the former "student jail". The Rectorate is the ' executive body ' of the university, headed by rector Bernhard Eitel . The rectorate consists of the chancellor , Holger Schroeter , who is the head of the central administration and responsible for the university's budgeting, and three pro-rectors, who are responsible for international relations, teaching and communication, and research and structure respectively. The Senate

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4108-484: The main scenes of the left-wing student protests in Germany. In 1975, a massive police force arrested the entire student parliament AStA . Shortly thereafter, the building of the Collegium Academicum, a progressive college in immediate vicinity to the university's main grounds, was stormed by over 700 police officers and closed once and for all. On the outskirts of the city, in the Neuenheimer Feld area,

4187-569: The mid-nineteenth century, there were a significant number of German immigrants in Ohio. The German Reformed Church had seventy-four churches in the state when members decided to establish the college. The college had five students enrolled in the first classes. By the end of the year, 149 students were enrolled. On the morning of October 25, 2008, the Heidelberg College Board of Trustees unanimously agreed to transition to Heidelberg University . The name change went into effect at

4266-526: The most modern of the university libraries, and a cafe (rather than the full cafeteria present in the other campuses). Since 2019, the Bergheim Campus has also become the location of the Centre for Asian and Transcultural Studies of the Heidelberg University. The University Library is the main library of the university. Together with the branch libraries, serving the faculties and institutes, it forms

4345-611: The name of Ruprecht I . Karl Friedrich divided the university into five faculties and placed himself at its head as rector, as did also his successors. During this decade, Romanticism found expression in Heidelberg through Clemens Brentano , Achim von Arnim , Ludwig Tieck , Joseph Görres , and Joseph von Eichendorff , and there went forth a revival of the German Middle Ages in speech, poetry, and art. The German Students Association exerted great influence, which

4424-585: The nation at the NCAA DIII Baseball World Series. Heidelberg hosted, and won, the first-ever Mideast Super Regional in 2019—sweeping The College of Wooster. The men's track and field team also had success when it placed 14th in the nation in 2007. The team also captured its third OAC Outdoor Track and Field Championship in 2010, adding it to the championship years of 1999 and 2000. The Heidelberg men's running program (Cross Country, Indoor Track & Field, Outdoor Track & Field) in

4503-534: The observatory, OSU was supposed to allow public access to the observatory, which they did by allowing twice monthly public sessions until 1962. The overall observatory was funded by the donations of the benefactor Emerson McMillion, who also gave five year endowment for a Fellowship in Astronomy, and he also funded an expedition to Hawaii to observe the 1910 apparition of Halley's Comet . Items: Heidelberg University (Ohio) Heidelberg University

4582-515: The one foot refractor, a laboratory, and a planetarium. The refractor was equipped with a spectrograph. Also, although the observatory was not opened until June, the telescope was ready by December 1895. In the 1930s OSU became involved with the Perkins Observatory, which had been given a 69-inch reflector. This was the third largest telescope in the world, and OSU and that observatory had an agreement for about 70 years. The refractor

4661-539: The opportunity to develop initiatives and programs that will benefit the Heidelberg and/or greater-Tiffin communities. Heidelberg University has ten different social Greek organizations: five fraternities, four sororities, and one mixed-gender society. Each of the Greek organizations is local and specific only to Heidelberg University. They are governed by the Greek Life Council. In addition to this, Greek Life

4740-573: The ordinary of medicine through a papal dispensation. In 1553, Pope Julius III sanctioned the allotment of ecclesiastical benefices to secular professors. Martin Luther 's disputation at Heidelberg in April 1518 made a lasting impact, and his adherents among the masters and scholars soon became leading Reformationists in Southwest Germany. With the Electorate of the Palatinate turn to

4819-432: The reconstruction of the university was realized rather quickly. With the foundation of the Collegium Academicum, Heidelberg University became the home of Germany's first and, until today, only self-governed student hall. Newly laid statutes obliged the university to "The Living Spirit of Truth, Justice and Humanity". During the 1960s and 1970s, the university grew dramatically in size. At this time, it developed into one of

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4898-679: The same year. One successor resided in Avignon (elected by the French) and the other in Rome (elected by the Italian cardinals). The German secular and spiritual leaders voiced their support for the successor in Rome, which had far-reaching consequences for the German students and teachers in Paris: they lost their stipends and had to leave. Rupert I recognized the opportunity and initiated talks with

4977-426: The size of the university. In a competitive selection process, the DFG selects the best research projects from researchers at universities and research institutes and finances them. The ranking is thus regarded as an indicator of the quality of research. In the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities (NTU ranking) 2019, which measures the research outputs of universities, Heidelberg University

5056-408: The totality of its ambiance is, one might say, something ideal." Heidelberg is a city with approximately 140,000 inhabitants. It is situated in the Rhine Neckar Triangle , a European metropolitan area with approximately 2.4 million people living there, comprising the neighboring cities of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Ludwigshafen , and a number of smaller towns in the perimeter. Heidelberg is known as

5135-430: The transition from college to university, the board and senior administrators addressed such issues as competition and trends in higher education and the perception of "university" among prospective students in the U.S. and abroad. Thorough research of both internal and external audiences indicated strong support to become Heidelberg University." Heidelberg is situated on 110 acres (44.5 ha) enclosed in Tiffin, Ohio ,

5214-402: The troops of King Louis XIV , who destroyed Heidelberg in 1693 almost completely. As a consequence of the late Counter-Reformation , the university lost its Protestant character, and was channeled by Jesuits . From 1712 to 1728, the Old University was constructed at University Square, then known as Domus Wilhelmina. Through the efforts of the Jesuits a preparatory seminary was established,

5293-404: The university awarded 994 PhD degrees . In the 2025 edition of the QS World University Rankings , Heidelberg ranked 84th globally and 3rd in Germany. According to the 2024 Times Higher Education World University Rankings , the university was ranked 47th in the world and held the position as the 3rd best university in the country. Moreover, in the 2023 ARWU World Rankings , Heidelberg secured

5372-441: The university faculty and students took part in book burnings at Universitätsplatz ("University Square") and Heidelberg eventually became infamous as a NSDAP university. The inscription above the main entrance of the New University was changed from "The Living Spirit" to "The German Spirit", and many professors paid homage to the new motto. The university was involved in Nazi eugenics : forced sterilizations were carried out at

5451-410: The university, the elector approved a revised statute book that several professors had been commissioned to prepare. The financial affairs of the university, its receipts and expenditures, were put in order. At that time, the number of students varied from 300 to 400; in the jubilee year, 133 matriculated. As a consequence of the disturbances caused by the French Revolution , and particularly because of

5530-453: The university. It attracted scholars from all over the continent and developed into a cultural and academic center. However, with the beginning of the Thirty Years' War in 1618, the intellectual and fiscal wealth of the university declined. In 1622, the then-world-famous Bibliotheca Palatina (the library of the university) was stolen from the University Cathedral and taken to Rome. The reconstruction efforts thereafter were defeated by

5609-408: The various university hospitals. The Faculty of Physics and Astronomy is not located on either campus, but on the Philosophers' Walk , separated from the Old Town by the River Neckar, and some 2 km (1.2 mi) away from the New Campus. It also maintains observatory facilities on the Königstuhl Mountain . The university maintains a botanical garden at Neuenheimer Feld. The Bergheim Campus

5688-482: The women's clinic and the psychiatric clinic, then directed by Carl Schneider , was involved in Action T4 Euthanasia program. The heads of the university helped in the deportation of Jewish men, women and children directly to the gas chambers. After the end of World War II, the university underwent an extensive denazification . Since Heidelberg was spared from destruction during World War II,

5767-481: Was at first patriotic and later political. After Romanticism had eventually died out, Heidelberg became a center of Liberalism and the movement in favor of German national unity. The historians Friedrich Christoph Schlosser and Georg Gottfried Gervinus were the guides of the nation in political history . The modern scientific schools of medicine and natural science , particularly astronomy , were models in point of construction and equipment, and Heidelberg University

5846-554: Was effected by the chancellor and bishop Johann von Dalberg in the late 15th century. Humanism was represented at Heidelberg University particularly by the founder of the older German Humanistic School Rudolph Agricola , Conrad Celtes , Jakob Wimpfeling , and Johann Reuchlin . Æneas Silvius Piccolomini was chancellor of the university in his capacity as provost of Worms , and later always favored it with his friendship and good-will as Pope Pius II . In 1482, Pope Sixtus IV permitted laymen and married men to be appointed professors in

5925-544: Was elected first rector of the university. The rector seal motto was semper apertus —i.e., "the book of learning is always open." The university grew quickly and in March 1390, 185 students were enrolled at the university. Between 1414 and 1418, theology and jurisprudence professors of the university took part in the Council of Constance and acted as counselors for Louis III , who attended this council as representative of

6004-473: Was especially noted for its influential law school. The university as a whole became the role model for the transformation of American liberal arts colleges into research universities , in particular for the then-newly established Johns Hopkins University . Heidelberg's professors were important supporters of the Vormärz revolution and many of them were members of the first freely elected German parliament,

6083-526: Was looted during the Thirty Years' War , transported to Rome and was gifted to Pope Gregory XV by the victorious Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria in 1622. After the secularization in 1804, the holdings of the monasteries of Salem and Petershausen formed the foundation of the reconstruction of the library collection in the 19th century. In 1816, 847 German-language manuscripts from the Bibliotheca Palatina returned to Heidelberg. As part of an exchange,

6162-469: Was modelled after the University of Paris and included four faculties: philosophy, theology, jurisprudence , and medicine. On 18 October 1386 a special Pontifical High Mass in the Heiliggeistkirche was the ceremony that established the university. On 19 October 1386 the first lecture was held, making Heidelberg the oldest university in Germany . In November 1386, Marsilius of Inghen

6241-534: Was reportedly given to Kaubisch Memorial Library of Fostoria in 1975, however it was not moved out due to its size and was put in storage when the University had the building razed in 1976. In the 1980s the refactor was established in the Ballreich observatory. Then the telescope was eventually owned by Heidelberg University of Ohio, while it remains at Ballreich. It was reported that as a condition of funding

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