Misplaced Pages

#701298

79-402: McNay was an American painter and art teacher who inherited a substantial oil fortune upon the death of her father. The museum was named after her, and has been expanded to include galleries of medieval and Renaissance artwork and a larger collection of 20th-century European and American modernist work. She built a home in 1927 designed by Atlee Ayres and his son Robert M. Ayres . Upon her death,

158-519: A humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa ). Winters are warm, and summers are hot and humid. Due to its location on the Gulf Coast about 2.49° north of the Tropic of Cancer , the climate closely borders a tropical savanna climate . Due to its proximity to the deserts of Chihuahua and Gulf Coastal Plains , Brownsville's geographic location lies near the boundary of a hot semi-arid climate . Snow

237-490: A 1,200-acre (1.9 sq mi) system of parkland and 32 mi (51 km) of bike lanes. The city also has three gymnasiums, two public pools, and 55 athletic fields. Brownsville's proximity to the coast has allowed the city to register several locations under the list of protected areas of the United States . Resaca de la Palma State Park is one of six nature preserves (and three state parks) that are part of

316-573: A 5.8% jobless rate the following year. Despite high unemployment rates, the urban area is also one of the fastest growing in the United States. Brownsville's economic activity is derived from the service and manufacturing industries. Government and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley are both large contributors to the local economy. Other prominent industries in Brownsville include education and aerospace and space transportation. During

395-609: A Mexican rancher). The state reincorporated the city on February 7, 1853; this remains in effect. The issue of ownership was not decided until 1879, when the United States Supreme Court ruled in favor of Stillman. On April 25, 1846, Captain Seth B. Thornton received reports of Mexican troops crossing the Rio Grande. Thornton and 63 U.S. dragoons moved to Rancho de Carricitos and discovered several houses in

474-494: A border wall along the United States-Mexico border. Trump's proposed wall, if passed, would consist of 2,000 mi (3,200 km) "of hardened concrete, and ... rebar, and steel" across the southern border, including Brownsville. On January 25, 2017, days after assuming office, Trump issued Executive Order 13767 , directing construction for a border wall. Brownsville was also the center of controversy surrounding

553-563: A glass-fronted gallery for sculpture from the museum's collection, a gallery for paper works, wall cases for small objects, and lecture hall and learning centers. The center's design, materials, and architectural details both contrast with and complement the original Spanish Colonial Revival-style residence, which it adjoins. See also: List of museums in Central Texas Atlee Ayres Atlee Bernard Ayres (July 12, 1873 – November 6, 1969)

632-489: A hearing, President Theodore Roosevelt dishonorably discharged the entire 167-member regiment due to their alleged " conspiracy of silence ". Investigations in the 1970s revealed that the soldiers were not responsible for the attacks, and the Nixon Administration reversed all dishonorable discharges. Fort Brown was decommissioned after the end of World War II in 1945. In 1948, the city and college acquired

711-414: A murder rate of 1.4. Robbery crimes make up 25% of overall crime in the city, with a rate of 58.1 per 100,000 residents. In 2011, Brownsville became one of the first cities in the United States to require stores to charge a fee for single-use plastic shopping bags. The ordinance was enacted to reduce pollution and litter around the city. The city repealed the ordinance in 2018 after it was ruled illegal by

790-414: A new constitution and Jim Crow laws that established racial segregation and disenfranchised African Americans at the turn of the 20th century, generally by raising barriers to voter registration. While Hispanic residents were considered white under the terms of the United States annexation of Texas, legislatures found ways to suppress their participation in politics. On August 13 and 14, 1906, Brownsville

869-784: A new partnership with his son Robert M. Ayres . Many of the firm's works were designed in the Spanish Colonial Revival style architecture , which was massively popular throughout San Antonio and the surrounding area. They include the Hogg house (1924), the Mannen house (1926), the Newton house (1927), and the Atkinson house (1928), which is now known as the Marion Koogler McNay Art Museum . The firm

SECTION 10

#1732779698702

948-564: A partnership with Charles A. Coughlin that lasted until Coughlin's death in 1905. One of their projects was the three-story home of Ethel Draught, at 1215 N. St. Mary's St, now part of the campus of Providence Catholic School . Early in his solo career in San Antonio, Ayres designed a hotel (1907) later known as the Heimann Building, and now occupied by Avance , a non-profit serving children and families in need. He also made

1027-683: A primary role in the Mexican–American War with the siege of Fort Texas and the first engagements of the war: The Battle of Palo Alto and the Battle of Resaca de la Palma . Several key events of the American Civil War took place in the city, such as the Battle of Brownsville and the Battle of Palmito Ranch . The city was also involved in the Texas Revolution . Brownsville's idiosyncratic geographic location has made it

1106-541: A proposal to add 70 mi (110 km) of border fence and reallocate portions of the University of Texas at Brownsville campus. The proposal would have transferred 180 acres (73 ha) of university land, including several historical monuments and the university's golf course, to Mexico. The proposal was altered after Andrew Hanen , a federal district judge, rejected the department's idea. In 2016, Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump proposed building

1185-689: A protective effect. Brownsville has received significant media attention surrounding immigration policies and border-wall funding costs. In 2006, President George W. Bush signed into law the Secure Fence Act of 2006 . The act administered the construction of a border fence extending from San Diego in California through the entry of the Port of Brownsville . In 2008, the United States Department of Homeland Security issued

1264-458: A significant degree of salinity in many places; other types of soils present around the city include Cameron clay and sporadic amounts of Laredo silt loam. Due to Brownsville's proximity to the coast, Lomalta clay is common around the swamp areas of the vicinity. Several parts of the city have a high risk of localized flooding because of flat topography, ubiquitous low- permeability clay soils, and inadequate infrastructure funding. According to

1343-611: A subsidiary of Columbia University . There, he won first prize in the school's annual design competition. His teachers included William Ware , a student of Richard Morris Hunt . Ayres took drawing lessons at the Art Students League at night and studied painting under the noted teacher and artist Frank Vincent DuMond . Upon his graduation in 1894, he returned to San Antonio and worked for various architects. He subsequently moved to Mexico City , where he practiced until 1900. That year he moved back to San Antonio and began

1422-552: A wildlife refuge center. Several state parks and historical sites are protected by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department . Brownsville has a predominantly Hispanic population, which at 93.9% is the fourth-highest proportion of Hispanic Americans of any city in the United States outside of Puerto Rico . In 1781, Spanish government officials granted José Salvador de la Garza 59 leagues of land (408 sq mi). He used

1501-558: A year typically. On December 25, 2004, Brownsville recorded its first instance of measurable snow in 109 years with 1.5 in (3.8 cm), and the first recorded White Christmas . Brownsville's lowest temperature on record occurred on February 13, 1899 , when the city reached 12 °F (−11 °C). Based on 30-year averages obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 's National Climatic Data Center weather records, 24/7 Wall St. ranked Brownsville

1580-705: Is a very rare event in Brownsville. Its wet season is concentrated during the late summer and early fall, peaking in September, when the threat from tropical cyclones is greatest. In most years, November through April is the dry season . As such, Brownsville receives modest annual rainfall, averaging about 26.78 in (680 mm) annually based on records between 1991 and 2020. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 62.9 °F (17.2 °C) in January to 87 °F (30.6 °C) in August. Heat waves during

1659-527: Is expected to create 700 jobs and generate $ 3 million in private investments. Brownsville's economy is based mainly on its international trade with Mexico under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Due to Matamoros' maquiladora (English: textile factory) boom, Brownsville experienced growth in the air cargo industry during the late 1980s. It is home to one of the fastest-growing manufacturing sectors in

SECTION 20

#1732779698702

1738-661: Is home to the Sabal mexicana , the only species of palmetto palm native to Texas with a significant trunk ( Sabal minor , also native to Texas, is nearly trunkless). Though it used to cover a large portion of the land next to the Rio Grande, the city contains one of the last native stands of S. mexicana . Citharexylum berlandieri (Tamaulipan fiddlewood), Rivina humilis (pigeonberry), and Leucophyllum frutescens (Texas sage) are also native flora. Soils are mostly of clay to silty clay loam texture, moderately alkaline ( pH  8.2) to strongly alkaline (pH 8.5) and with

1817-521: Is intended to provide students and faculty access to radio frequency technologies used in spaceflight operations, and will include satellite and spacecraft tracking . SpaceX's presence caused the median price for a home to rise to $ 239,000 in April 2022, almost $ 100,000 more than three years earlier. BEDC purchased five lots in Boca Chica Village totaling 2.3 acres (0.93 ha) near

1896-730: Is located in Brownsville. It has a capacity of 10,000 and it opened in 1957. The stadium is used mostly for American football and soccer. FC Brownsville is a soccer team that formed in 2015 and joined the National Premier Soccer League in 2018. FC Brownsville currently uses the Brownsville Sports Park for Home matches. In 2023, FC Brownsville won the NPSL Lone Star Conference, defeating the Lubbock Matadors 1-0 in

1975-619: Is located in northwest Cameron County and measures 90,788-acre (36,741 ha). The refuge contains trails that are connected to the Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail . The Boca Chica State Park and Brazos Island State Park are state parks that were transferred by separate lease agreements to the Lower Rio Grande Valley refuge center in 2007. They measure 10,680-acre (43.2 km ) and 217-acre (0.88 km ), respectively. Laguna Madre

2054-419: Is located on the eastern side of the county. It is a long, shallow, hypersaline lagoon , and is one of the most protected lagoon ecosystems in the United States. Brownsville has a council–manager government . The mayor and a six-member city commission are selected in nonpartisan elections. Four members are elected from geographic districts; the remaining two members are elected at-large. Since Brownsville

2133-705: Is native to the Prosopis glandulosa (honey mesquite) bush, Opuntia engelmannii (prickly pear), and Yucca treculeana (yucca). The city encompasses two national wildlife refuges. Located in northeast Cameron County, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge protects several endangered species, including the Texas ocelot ( Leopardus pardalis albescens ), a rare wild cat , and the Aplomado falcon ( Falco femoralis ). The refuge measures 65,096-acre (263.43 km ). The Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

2212-651: Is projected to employ 75–100 full-time workers in the early years with up to 150 full-time employees/contractors by 2019. Musk helped fund a revitalization of downtown Brownsville, with new restaurants and bars. As of October 2014 , the University of Texas at Brownsville and the Brownsville Economic Development Council (BEDC), in collaboration with SpaceX, are building radio-frequency (RF) technology facilities for STARGATE (Spacecraft Tracking and Astronomical Research into Gigahertz Astrophysical Transient Emission). The facility

2291-667: Is the county seat of Willacy County. The Brownsville-Harlingen-Raymondville combined statistical area is home to 445,309 people (2017 estimated), making it the 106th-largest combined statistical area in the United States. Based on the Uniform Crime Report conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 2013, the Brownsville metropolitan area ranked last on its list of the "Most Dangerous Cities" in Texas, with "240 incidents of violent crime per 100,000 people" and

2370-456: The 2020 United States census , there were 186,738 people, 53,506 households, and 42,240 families residing in the city. The ancestry of Brownsville was 0.9% German , 0.6% English , 0.5 Irish , 0.4% French , 0.4% Italian , and 0.2% Dutch . The median age was 29.9 years old. A total of 12.0% of the population was 65 or older, with 7.1% between the ages of 65 and 74, 3.3% between the ages of 75 and 84, and 1.6% 85 or older. A total of 25.9% of

2449-402: The Battle of Resaca de la Palma , which took place within the present limits. When Taylor arrived at the besieged Fort Texas, he found that two soldiers, including the fort's commander, Major Jacob Brown, had died. Brown, who suffered an injury when a cannonball hit his leg, died three days after his injury on May 9. In his honor, General Taylor renamed the facility as Fort Brown. An old cannon at

McNay Art Museum - Misplaced Pages Continue

2528-545: The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway of Texas. The port has become an important economic hub for South Texas , where shipments arrive from other parts of the United States, Mexico, and other foreign countries. The port also participates in ship recycling ; it has five of the country's eight ship-recycling companies. It received a $ 1.8 million grant from the United States Department of Commerce to support business and infrastructure development. The grant

2607-767: The Supreme Court of Texas . Forbes identified Brownsville as one of 12 metropolitan areas in the United States with the cleanest air. In 2018, the Brownsville–Harlingen area was among the "Cleanest U.S. Cities for Ozone Air Pollution" in the American Lung Association 's "State of the Air" in 2018. Broadleaf evergreen plants, including palms , dominate Brownsville neighborhoods to a greater degree than other locations in Texas, including nearby cities such as Harlingen and McAllen . Brownsville

2686-532: The United States Geological Survey , Brownsville's soils are primarily alluvium and windblown deposits. The majority of the city's soil is made of floodplain deposits from the Rio Grande; it consists of clay, sand, silt, gravel, and organic matter. Windblown deposits are made up of "active dunes and dune complexes" that contain mostly clay and silt near the coastal region and combination of clay, sand, and silt inland. Brownsville has

2765-451: The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College marks the spot where Major Brown received his fatal wound. On July 13, 1859, Juan Cortina saw Brownsville city Marshal Robert Sheers arrest and beat an elderly man who had been a ranch hand at his mother's ranch. Cortina approached the marshal, questioning his motives, before shooting him twice after he refused to release the man. The first shot reportedly missed Sheers, but

2844-571: The World Birding Center . It is also the largest nature preserve of the park system, with approximately 1,200 acres (490 ha) of native semitropical brushland. The area was part of the Battle of Resaca de la Palma. The National Park Service lists the site of the Battle of Palo Alto as a National Historic Park . The agency purchased 300 acres (120 ha) of the site's land, with two-thirds belonging to private landowners. It

2923-515: The border with Matamoros, Tamaulipas , Mexico . The city covers 145.2 sq mi (376.066 km ), and had a population of 186,738 at the 2020 census . As of the 2020 U.S. Census , it is the 135th-largest city in the United States and 18th-largest in Texas. It is part of the Matamoros–Brownsville metropolitan area . The city is known for its year-round subtropical climate, deep-water seaport , and Hispanic culture. The city

3002-434: The census of 2010, 175,023 people, 49,871 households, and 41,047 families were residing in the city. The population density was 1,207.1 people/sq mi (466.0/km ). The 53,936 housing units averaged 372.0/sq mi (143.6/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 88% White, 0.4% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 9.1% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 93.2% of

3081-720: The signing of the surrender , the Battle of Palmito Ranch took place. Confederates killed or wounded around 30 opponents and captured more than 100 other troops. This is accepted by some historians as the last battle of the American Civil War. President Grant sent Union General Frederick Steele to Brownsville to patrol the United States–Mexico border after the Civil War to aid the Juaristas with military supplies. Texas, like other Southern states, passed

3160-661: The American territory." On May 13, the United States Congress declared war against Mexico. American General Zachary Taylor retreated from Fort Texas on May 1, 1846; Mexican General Mariano Arista began preparing artillery and troops from across the Rio Grande. On May 3, Arista and the Mexican Army began the siege of Fort Texas, during the first active campaign in the Mexican–American War. This

3239-581: The Blumberg and Breustedt mansions in Seguin . In San Marcos he designed a home for banker Lloyd Johnson in 1919. In Gonzales , his homes include the Booth House, now a bed & breakfast, and other fine homes. He designed San Antonio's Plaza Hotel (1927), its Federal Reserve Bank Building (1928), and, with his son Robert, its first skyscraper, the thirty-story Smith-Young Tower (1929), "still one of

McNay Art Museum - Misplaced Pages Continue

3318-498: The Brownsville Town Company. They reportedly sold lots valued at $ 1,500. The city of Brownsville was originally established in late 1848 by Stillman, and was made the county seat of Cameron County on January 13, 1849. The state originally incorporated the city on January 24, 1850. This was repealed on April 1, 1852, because of a land-ownership dispute between Stillman and its former owners (including Juan Cortina ,

3397-689: The Façade Improvement Program for this project. Brownsville is one of the southernmost cities in the contiguous United States ; only a handful of municipalities in Florida 's Miami-Dade and Monroe Counties (plus Everglades City in Collier County ) are located farther south than Brownsville. The city has a total area of 84.867 sq mi (220 km ), of which 81.528 sq mi (211 km ) are land and 3.339 sq mi (9 km ) are water, according to

3476-662: The Southwestern United States. The museum also is home to the Tobin Collection of Theatre Arts, which is one of the premiere collections of its kind in the U.S., and a research library with over 30,000 volumes. The McNay Art Museum added the Jane and Arthur Stieren Center for Exhibitions in 2008, built by architect Jean-Paul Viguier , to display their Modern collection. The 45,000-square-foot structure houses light-filled galleries for special exhibitions,

3555-676: The SpaceX launch site and renamed it as the Stargate subdivision. The beach location will include a 12,000 sq ft (1,100 m ) tracking center. Stargate received several startup grants including US$ 1.2 million from the United States Economic Development Administration . According to the BEDC, the top employers in the city as of May 2015 were: Brownsville has 37 parks connected by

3634-485: The Stegman Building, a historic building named after Baldwin G. Stegman, one of the city's first streetcar line developers. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) selected Brownsville as one of six cities for their "Greening America's Communities" program. The agency worked on a revitalization project for Market Square, a building constructed in 1850. The city also received a $ 3.4 million grant from

3713-487: The United States Census Bureau of 2017. The city is situated at the intersection of different climates (subtropical, Chihuahuan Desert , Gulf Coast plain, and Great Plains); this produces high bird migration rates. Its idiosyncratic network of resacas (English: oxbow lakes ), distributaries of the Rio Grande, provide habitat for numerous nesting/breeding birds of various types typically during

3792-478: The United States. Brownsville has been recognized as having one of the best pro-business climates in the United States, and the city has been ranked among the least expensive places to live in the country. President Barack Obama signed a bill in 2016 allowing for the deepening of the Brownsville Ship Channel from 42 ft (13 m) to 52 ft (16 m). The Sams Memorial Stadium

3871-454: The area. Mexican General Anastasio Torrejón crossed the Rio Grande the previous day. He commanded 1,600 cavalry and infantry troops to surround Thornton's troops in fractions. Due to heavy force from Torrejón's troops, Thornton's troops surrendered. Eleven American casualties were reported; 45 troops and Thornton were held as prisoners. Reports of the incident were sent to President James K. Polk, who announced, "American blood has been spilled upon

3950-562: The city's most commanding works." His firm helped design the exterior of the San Antonio Municipal Auditorium (1923) and the Administration Building at Randolph Air Force Base (1931), often affectionately referred to as the "Taj Mahal," and remodeled the historic Menger Hotel (1949–53). Ayres authored the book Mexican Architecture: Domestic, Civil & Ecclesiastical in 1926. He

4029-577: The conferences' championship. Entrepreneur Elon Musk announced the construction of the SpaceX South Texas launch site (now Starbase), a spaceport for private spaceflight east of Brownsville on the Gulf Coast in 2014. The launch facility is estimated to produce US$ 85 million for the city of Brownsville and generate approximately US$ 51 million in annual salaries from the roughly 500 jobs to be created by 2024. The facility itself

SECTION 50

#1732779698702

4108-562: The federal poverty line , including 48.4% of those under 18 and 31.5% of those 65 or over. Based on data collected from the United States Census Bureau 's American Community Survey, the Brownsville metropolitan area ranked as the second-poorest urban area in the country, behind the McAllen metropolitan area . In 2017, the city's unemployment rate was 6.2% with 18.1% adults holding a bachelor's degree . It reported

4187-547: The fifth-hottest city in America in 2016. Brownsville is the 18th-most populous city in Texas. It ranks as one of the top U.S. cities in terms of the percentage of Hispanic residents. According to the Pew Research Center , its metropolitan area holds the 26th-largest Hispanic population with roughly 373,000 (88.7%) sharing this distinction. Of that percentage, 96.7% are Mexican and 0.8% are Puerto Rican. As of

4266-399: The first decade of the 1900s, the city's population increased after a boom in the agriculture industry . Brownsville's subtropical climate has made it a commercial hub for the citrus industry. The Port of Brownsville produces significant revenue for the city of Brownsville. The port, located 2 mi (3.2 km) from the city, provides a link between the road networks of nearby Mexico and

4345-491: The house was bequeathed to the City of San Antonio to house the museum. The museum focuses primarily on 19th- and 20th-century European and American art by such artists as Paul Cézanne , Pablo Picasso , Paul Gauguin , Henri Matisse , Georgia O'Keeffe , Diego Rivera , Mary Cassatt , and Edward Hopper . The collection today consists of over 20,000 objects and is one of the finest collections of contemporary art and sculpture in

4424-511: The land to construct a ranch several miles northwest of the area. During the early 1800s, Brownsville was known to residents as los tejidos (English: " pasturelands "). The area was inhabited by a few settlers around 1836 when Texas declared its independence from Mexico. On February 4, 1846, President James K. Polk instructed American General Zachary Taylor and his troops, including 2nd LT. Ulysses S. Grant, to begin moving south towards Brownsville. Once Taylor arrived, he built Fort Texas . It

4503-557: The land. In the spring of 1991 a cluster of anencephaly cases made national headlines and prompted a public health investigation. A high anencephaly rate of 19.7 per 10,000 live births was found and that neural tube defects in general, including spina bifida , and encephalocele had been occurring in Mexican American women undetected for years in the area. Subsequently, multiple risk factors were found foremost folic acid deficiency , and increasing dietary folate intake had

4582-412: The nation. The median income for a household in the city was $ 24,468, and the median income for a family was $ 26,186. Males had a median income of $ 21,739 versus $ 17,116 for females. The per capita income for the city is $ 9,762. It is frequently cited as having the highest percentage of residents in the nation below the federal poverty level . About 31.6% of families and 35.7% of the population were below

4661-693: The new administration's continuation of the Obama policy of housing children separate from adults (except mothers) who entered the country unlawfully. The issue surrounded Casa Padre , the largest juvenile immigration detention center in America, which is located within Brownsville's city limits. Downtown Brownsville has received several revitalization projects from the city government to increase tourism and safety. The Texas Historical Commission named Brownsville as part of its Main Street Program in 2016. Several historic buildings were restored, including

4740-637: The plans for the still-surviving Halff house (1908), and for a villa for Col. George Washington Brackenridge that was later torn down. He also designed the David J. and May Bock Woodward House , which currently functions as a club house for the Woman's Club of San Antonio and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Bexar County, Texas on February 16, 1996. Ayres drew

4819-439: The plans of Courthouses for Cameron County in Brownsville , 1912; for Jim Wells County Alice , begun 1912; for Kleberg County in Kingsville , 1914; and for Refugio County in Refugio , completed 1917. He also oversaw adding a third floor and extensive reconstruction of the original 1887 Val Verde County Courthouse at Del Rio in 1915. From 1914 to 1917, Ayres served as the State Architect of Texas. In 1924, he created

SECTION 60

#1732779698702

4898-437: The population were foreign born, with 35.7% of those being US citizens, and 64.3% of those were not US citizens. The median household income was $ 47,435, with families having $ 50,127, married couples having $ 59,604, and non-families had $ 18,322. A total of 22.0% of the population were in poverty, with 36.4% of people under 18, 21.2% of people between the ages of 18 and 64, and 28.2% of people 65 or older were in poverty. As of

4977-410: The population. Of the 38,174 households, 50.1% had children under 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 20.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 15.7% were not families. About 13.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size

5056-455: The second struck his shoulder, causing him to fall to the ground. Cortina and the elderly man rode off on a horse. The following year, Cortina returned with troops, executing four Anglo men and simultaneously releasing several Mexican prisoners. He then issued a proclamation explaining his reasons for the attack. During the American Civil War , Brownsville served as a smuggling point for Confederate goods into Mexico. Most significantly, cotton

5135-441: The service, trade, and manufacturing industries, including a growing aerospace and space transportation sector. It operates international trading through the Port of Brownsville . The city experienced a population increase in the early 1900s, when steel production flourished. Due to significant historical events, the city has multiple houses and battle sites listed under the National Register of Historic Places . The city played

5214-420: The spring and fall migrations. Brownsville's vegetation is classified as grassland . Brownsville is in one metropolitan statistical area as defined by the United States Census Bureau. The Brownsville–Harlingen–Raymondville combined statistical area consists of Cameron County and Willacy County . It includes the Brownsville metropolitan area and the micropolitan area of Raymondville. The city of Raymondville

5293-446: The summer have caused 141 days of high temperatures over 90 °F (32.2 °C) and fewer than five days of temperatures above 100 °F (37.8 °C). The city is located along the boundary of USDA hardiness zones 9b and 10a. The hottest temperature on record in Brownsville occurred on March 27, 1984, and August 28, 2023, when the city reached 106 °F (41 °C). On the other extreme, freezing temperatures occur once or twice

5372-553: The town, and he became mayor of Brownsville. Robert E. Lee and his Confederate army surrendered to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865, signing a hand-written document at the Appomattox Court House , officially ending the American Civil War. Theodore Barrett was ordered to move 500 62nd Regiment troops of colors towards Brazos Island. On May 11, Barrett's troops moved inland towards Brownsville and spotted Confederate soldiers. John Salmon Ford received news of this and prepared to attack. On May 15, 1865, 34 days after

5451-422: Was 3.62, and the average family size was 3.99. In the city, the age distribution was 34.6% under 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 17.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.5 males. Despite a fast-growing economy, Brownsville has one of the highest poverty rates in

5530-513: Was a charter member of the Texas Society of Architects , and he was one of a group of architects instrumental in securing passage of state legislation in 1937 for the licensing of architects to practice. Atlee B. Ayres was first architect from San Antonio to be honored as a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects , in 1931. He married Olive Moss Cox in San Antonio in 1896, and the couple had two sons, Atlee Jr and Robert. After his wife's death in 1937, he married Katherine Cox in 1940. Ayres

5609-433: Was active with other public, commercial buildings, and residences in South Texas towns, such as the 1920 Uvalde home of then-Congressman John Nance Garner , and the 12-story addition to the Hamilton Hotel in Laredo in 1923. He designed the Seguin High School in 1914 (now the Mary B. Erskine School), the Starcke Furniture Co. building (1912), the Aumont Hotel (1916), Langner Hall at Texas Lutheran University , as well as

5688-900: Was also adept in using other revival modes, including the English Tudor of the Jesse Oppenheimer residence (1924) and the Colonial Revival of the H. Lutcher Brown residence (1936). Other commissions include the Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired , the Texas State Office Building, the Carothers Dormitory (1937) and the original Pharmacy Building, among others on the campus at the University of Texas at Austin . He

5767-669: Was an American architect . He lived in central Texas . Atlee B. Ayres was born in Hillsboro, Ohio , on July 12, 1873, the son of Nathan Tandy and Mary Parsons Ayres. The family moved to Texas, lived in Houston , and then moved to San Antonio in 1888, where Ayres's father managed the Alamo Flats luxury apartment hotel for many years. In 1890, Ayres went to New York to study at the Metropolitan School of Architecture,

5846-498: Was counteracted by the United States 7th Infantry Regiment . Despite heavy strikes, Mexican General Pedro de Ampudia outlined a traditional siege to move forward. Taylor was notified of the incident and began moving towards Fort Texas. Mexican troops intercepted them near Palo Alto , about 5 mi (8.0 km) north of present-day Brownsville, resulting in the first battle of the war. The following day, Mexican troops had retreated. Taylor's troops charged up to them, resulting in

5925-408: Was founded in 1848 by American entrepreneur Charles Stillman after he developed a successful river-boat company nearby. It was named for Fort Brown , itself named after Major Jacob Brown , who fought and died while serving as a U.S. Army soldier during the Mexican–American War (1846–1848). As a county seat , the city and county governments are major employers. Other primary employers fall within

6004-544: Was later renamed Fort Brown in honor of Major Jacob Brown, one of two soldiers who died during the siege of Fort Texas . Charles Stillman arrived in Matamoros in 1828 from Connecticut to help his father in the mercantile business. Brownsville became part of Texas after the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. During that year, Stillman formed a partnership with Samuel Belden and Simon Mussina to form

6083-639: Was smuggled to European ships through the Mexican port of Bagdad to avoid Union blockades . The city was located at the end of the "Cotton Road", southwest of the Cotton Belt . In November 1863, Union troops landed at Port Isabel and marched towards Brownsville to take control of Fort Brown. In the ensuing Battle of Brownsville , Confederate forces abandoned the fort, blowing it up with 8,000 lb (3,600 kg) of explosives. In 1864, Confederate forces commanded by Colonel John Salmon Ford reoccupied

6162-539: Was still practicing architecture when he died at the age of ninety-six on November 6, 1969, in San Antonio. He was buried in Mission Burial Park in San Antonio. Brownsville, Texas Brownsville ( / ˈ b r aʊ n z v ɪ l / BROWNZ -vil ) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Cameron County , located on the western Gulf Coast in South Texas , adjacent to

6241-469: Was the site of the Brownsville affair . Racial tensions were increasing between white townsfolk and black infantrymen who were stationed at Fort Brown. On the night of August 13, one white bartender was killed, and a white police officer was wounded by rifle shots in the street. Townsfolk, including the mayor, accused the infantrymen of the murders. Without affording them a chance to defend themselves in

#701298