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49-517: The province is a part of Norrland and as such considered to be Northern Sweden, although the province geographically is located in the middle of Sweden . It is a common misconception that the name Medelpad ("middle land" or "middle ground") reflects this, but the name actually refers to the fact that most of the province lies between its two rivers Ljungan and Indalsälven . The traditional provinces of Sweden serve no administrative or political purposes, but are historical and cultural entities. In

98-1122: A Stockholmer having to live for an extended period in Norrland feels "exiled to the back of beyond"; Norrland is also colder, and a Stockholmer coming there must urgently buy warmer clothes (a theme highlighted also in As It Is in Heaven) ; Norrlanders often speak regional dialects which Stockholm people find nearly incomprehensible; Stockholm people look down their noses at "a working class boy from Norrland" even when he had lived many years in Stockholm. The book's great success and translation into numerous languages made non-Swedish people more aware of Norrland and its special characteristics. [REDACTED] Media related to Norrland at Wikimedia Commons Lule%C3%A5 Luleå ( / ˈ l uː l eɪ oʊ / LOO -lay-oh , Swedish: [ˈlʉ̌ːlɛɔ] , locally [ˈlʉ̌ːlɛ] ; Lule Sami : Luleju ; Finnish : Luulaja )

147-519: A historical, cultural, and geographic region; it is often referred to in everyday language, e.g., in weather forecasts. Several related Norrland dialects form a distinct subset of dialects of the Swedish language separate from those to its south. Norrland consists of the majority of the Swedish landmass at about 60% of the land area, but only has about 12% of the country's population. Its largest city

196-1065: A huge igloo and the instruments pulsate in all the colors of the rainbow. Luleå is the base for the Norrbotten Band of the Home Guard Music which consists of voluntary musicians from Norrbotten County's Home Guard . Luleå has many teams competing in a variety of sports. Four teams in Luleå compete in the highest Swedish leagues: Luleå Basket (female basketball team, previously called Northland Basket); BC Luleå (male basketball team, previously named Plannja Basket and LF Basket Norrland); and Luleå Hockey/MSSK (Munksund-Skuthamns Sportklubb) (female ice hockey team) and Luleå Hockey (male ice hockey team). Luleå Basket has won two Swedish championships (2014 and 2015), while BC Luleå has won eight Swedish championships (1997, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2017). Luleå Hockey/MSSK female team won their first Swedish Championship in 2016 while

245-448: A letter to Erik Puke requesting assistance to conquer entire Norrland ( al norland vnte han honom wolla ). Ice hockey is generally regarded to be the most popular spectator sport in Norrland. Many of Sweden's most famous hockey players are natives of Norrland, including Peter Forsberg , Börje Salming , Markus Näslund , Henrik Lundqvist , Nicklas Bäckström , Elias Pettersson , and twin brothers Henrik and Daniel Sedin . As of

294-556: A mix of industry, research, education, trade, and services. Major employers in the city are the SSAB steelworks and Luleå University of Technology . A Swedish Air Force wing, F 21 (or Norrbotten Air Force Wing ), is stationed near Luleå at the neighbouring Luleå Airport . Other major employers include Ferruform (a subsidiary of Scania AB ) and Gestamp HardTech (acquired from SSAB 2005-01-01). The information technology industry in Luleå has about 2000 employees (2008). Luleå

343-640: A night train services northbound for Kiruna and Narvik, and southbound for Stockholm. Norrtåg operates train services from Luleå to Umeå, Kiruna and Haparanda. In terms of bulk shipments, the Port of Luleå is one of the country's biggest ports. The world's first indoor mall was opened in Luleå in 1955 (architect: Ralph Erskine ) and was named Shopping . There are two other malls in Luleå: Strand and Smedjan. The main shopping streets in Luleå are Storgatan and Kungsgatan. A few kilometres outside Luleå there

392-461: Is Umeå , while the other four county seats are Gävle , Härnösand , Östersund and Luleå . The largest non-capitals are Sundsvall , Skellefteå and Örnsköldsvik while Kiruna is the largest town of the vast Lapland province in the far north. Sweden's highest mountain Kebnekaise and deepest lake of Hornavan are in Norrland. Plenty of long rivers originating in the mountains run through

441-544: Is a city on the coast of northern Sweden , and the capital of Norrbotten County , the northernmost county in Sweden. Luleå has 48,728 inhabitants in its urban core as of 2018 and is the seat of Luleå Municipality with a total population of about 79,000 as of 2023. Luleå is Sweden's 25th largest city and Norrbotten County's largest city. Luleå is considered as the world's largest brackish water archipelago with 1,312 islands , several rivers and vast forestland. Luleå has

490-583: Is a shopping centre called Storheden. Luleå has a variety of cultural institutions, among them Norrbottensteatern ; Norrbottens Museum ; and Norrbotten Big Band  [ de ] , led by Tim Hagans . In January 2007 the Cultural House (Kulturens Hus) was opened. A library, concerts, and art exhibitions are all hosted here. Luleå is also home to hardcore punk band Raised Fist , melodic death metal band The Duskfall , power metal band Machinae Supremacy and death 'n' roll band Helltrain . One of

539-398: Is abundant, although it in many areas is very mild for that classification, especially in coastal regions. In the mountain ranges the tundra climate can be found with summer temperatures averaging below 10 °C (50 °F), but that is due to altitude and not in populated areas. All low-lying areas of Norrland are below the tree line because of the mild summers and so the boreal forest

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588-415: Is dominant. In older history, Norrland is one of the four lands of Sweden . To the west it represented the northern half of Sweden bounded to the south by Svealand and to the east it represented the northern half of Finland – which was then a part of Sweden – bounded to the south by Österland . In Svealand and Götaland, the land boundaries were of major juridical and administrative importance, but this

637-652: Is made up of three north–south belts: the Scandinavian Mountains in the west, the Muddus Plains covering much of the inland, and the mixed relief of the eastern coast. Unlike the much more densely populated Svealand and Götaland , which are better known for big cities ( Stockholm , Gothenburg , Malmö ) with landmarks and tourist attractions, Norrland is known for its nature with wide forests, large rivers and untouched wilderness. Most inhabitants live in rural areas and small villages and along

686-537: Is operated by Luleå Lokaltrafik and consists of five main bus lines, an additional five bus lines, and direct connection bus traffic and night bus service. From Luleå Bus station, Länstrafiken i Norrbotten operates several regional bus lines within Norrbotten County . Luleå/Kallax Airport ( IATA : LLA, ICAO : ESPA), located 7 km (5 mi) south of the city centre, is the fifth largest airport in Sweden, with about 1.2 million yearly passengers. It

735-584: Is operated by Scandinavian Airlines and Norwegian Air Shuttle and serves the vast majority of passengers at the airport with about 16 daily connections each way. Scandinavian Airlines also operates a direct connection to Göteborg Landvetter Airport . Nextjet operates connections to and from Göteborg Landvetter Airport via Höga Kusten Airport , and their Tromsø Airport – Oulu Airport route lands at Luleå/Kallax Airport on some departures. Jonair offers connections to Pajala Airport . Luleå has rail lines coming from both north and south. Vy Tåg operates

784-424: Is portrayed in movies and series such as Sällskapsresan 2 – Snowroller , The Hunters and Pistvakt – En vintersaga . Despite Norrland being the most diverse of the three lands of Sweden in terms of languages and cultures it is usually portrayed as one homogeneous region. Fiction usually portrays characters from Norrland as villagers from the wilderness even though the majority of the population live in and around

833-445: Is situated at an average altitude of 200–300 meters above sea level. The highest mountains are no more than 500 meters high—the tallest is Myckelmyrberget with 577 meters. Of the total area, circa 500 km² is water. The largest lake is Holmsjön , located at 200 meters elevation, followed by Leringen , at a similar elevation. There are also two major rivers that surround the province: Ljungan and Indalsälven . The only town with

882-515: Is sometimes portrayed slightly negatively in Swedish fiction, sometimes being a place of terror and dread. The thriller films The Hunters and False Trail ( The Hunters 2 ) show a highly negative portrait of Norrland, filled with racial prejudice and violence. The people of Norrland in their turn tend to have a fairly negative view of people from Stockholm and the rest of southern Sweden, for example by referring to Stockholm as fjollträsk , which loosely translated means "sissy town". This dynamic

931-412: Is subdivided into Northern Norrland ( norra Norrland ) and Southern Norrland ( södra Norrland ). The northern part of the region typically covers the historical provinces of Norrbotten, Västerbotten and Lappland (the modern counties of Norrbotten and Västerbotten), while the southern part covers the remainder of the region. There is also the concept of Middle Norrland ( mellersta Norrland ), which

980-614: Is the home of several major innovations and technological milestones. Luleå has a subarctic climate ( Dfc ) with short, mild to warm summers and long, cold, snowy winters. Luleå's climate is influenced both by the North Atlantic and the proximity to the Gulf of Bothnia and it has milder climate than most of cities on the same latitude and even some that are further south in Canada , Alaska , Northeast China and Siberia . During

1029-516: Is the largest airport in Norrland . The domestic route to Stockholm Arlanda Airport is the third busiest domestic route in Sweden with over 1 million passengers per year. There are about 15 daily flights to and from Stockholm. Luleå Lokaltrafik operates connections to and from Luleå/Kallax Airport via lines 4 and 104. In total, there are seven scheduled destinations and about 15 additional charter destinations. The Stockholm Arlanda Airport route

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1078-465: Is the new version of Luleåkalaset which was held each summer from 2002 to 2012, which itself replaced sjöslaget, the summer festival from 1988 to 2002. Musikens makt (The power of music) is a smaller, free music festival that is held each summer in August at Gültzauudden since 2010. Ice music is a new art form where professional musicians play on instruments made out of ice. The concerts are performed in

1127-494: Is the northern part of Southern Norrland. Middle Norrland has no clearly defined boundaries, but usually corresponds with the historical provinces Ångermanland, Medelpad, Jämtland and Härjedalen. Except for the coastal areas, Norrland is sparsely populated. Approximately 12 percent of Sweden's population lives in Norrland. Except for some coastal areas most of Norrland is made up by the Norrland terrain —hilly and mountainous land covered by boreal forests . More in detail Norrland

1176-673: The Sundsvall Dragons . [REDACTED] Media related to Medelpad at Wikimedia Commons 62°36′00″N 16°15′00″E  /  62.600°N 16.250°E  / 62.600; 16.250 Norrland Norrland ( Swedish: [ˈnɔ̌rːland] , "Northland", originally Norrlanden or "the Northlands") is the northernmost, largest and least populated of the three traditional lands of Sweden , consisting of nine provinces . Although Norrland does not serve any administrative purposes, it continues to exist as

1225-593: The tundra climate of the high mountains. In general, the most common climate is the subarctic type. The cold climate has led to winter sports being popular, with Norrland teams and athletes being especially successful in ice hockey , skiing and bandy . Norrland comprises the historical nine provinces ( landskap ): [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Historically, Jämtland and Härjedalen belonged to Norway until 1645, and are thus often considered outside of

1274-474: The 1860s the industries also started taking root in the city. The town was plagued by fires in 1653, 1657 and 1887, and the fire in 1887 was a devastating fire that destroyed most of the town, sparing only a few buildings. The Neo-Gothic Cathedral (originally the Oscar Fredrik church), dedicated in 1893, standing at 67 meters (220 ft), is the tallest building in town. Luleå's commerce and industry are

1323-510: The 2023 season, no team from Norrland currently plays in Allsvenskan. However, teams such as GIF Sundsvall , Gefle IF and Östersunds FK have all in recent years played many seasons in Sweden's highest league, and the region has produced its share of famous footballers. Gunnar Nordahl , Tomas Brolin , Jesper Blomqvist and Mikael Lustig are all footballers who grew up in Norrland, and went on to become Swedish internationals. Norrland

1372-613: The 2023–24 season, four Norrland teams currently compete in the Swedish Hockey League : Luleå HF , Skellefteå AIK , MoDo Hockey and Timrå IK . Additionally, Brynäs IF and IF Björklöven are also two popular teams from Norrland with long traditions in Swedish ice hockey who currently compete in the second highest league Hockeyallsvenskan . Skiing, both alpine and nordic, is also a popular sport in Norrland. Two of Sweden's largest and most popular ski resorts, Åre and Hemavan , are located in Norrland. Famous skiers from

1421-491: The Middle Ages on, the Swedish kings tried to colonize and Christianize the area. As a result of the changing relations to Finland, the northern borders of Norrland have shifted. While the word Finland originally meant only the southwestern part of what is now Finland ( Finland Proper ), the border of Norrland was drawn at the rivers Kaakamojoki or, later, Simojoki . This changed when the eastern half of Sweden (Finland)

1470-413: The Norrland forests, with major coastal towns frequently being on their estuaries. Their extensive drops in elevation also make Norrland a major producer of hydroelectricity from some of those rivers. Winters in Norrland are cold by Swedish standards but mild for the latitudes. The vastness of the region renders very different environments and climates, ranging from mild coastal climates of Gävleborg to

1519-404: The administration in Stockholm viewed Norrland essentially as a colony consisting of natural resources to be exploited. "In Norrland we have an India within our borders, if only we realize we should be taking advantage of it" ( I Norrland hava vi inom våra gränser ett Indien, blott vi förstå att bruka det ) is a quote attributed to Axel Oxenstierna that fairly well describes the attitude. In

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1568-534: The case of Medelpad the province roughly comprises the southern part of the administrative county , län , Västernorrland County . Three municipalities have their seats in Medelpad: The arms of Medelpad symbolises the land between the two rivers Ljungan and Indalsälven. As with other Swedish provinces, the arms can be represented showing a ducal coronet . Blazon : "Four times parted per fess wavy, Azure , Argent , Gules , Argent and Azure." The province

1617-462: The challenges of small town living." The northern town is initially inhospitable to the main character as a boy, whose mother chooses to take him out of the town to escape bullying. He returns years later as an accomplished musician, only to find an insular town where bullying continues in several forms, including from the original classmates who troubled him as a youth. It is through his outside status—along with his music and desire share its joy—that

1666-496: The coast in cities. Towards the end of the 20th century, there was a noticeable increase of the population in Norrland, mainly from people moving from larger cities. The largest cities in Norrland, from north to south, are Luleå , Skellefteå , Umeå , Östersund , Sundsvall and Gävle . With the exception of Östersund, those cities are all near the coast. During the Industrial Revolution , which reached Sweden in

1715-456: The coastal cities. In the 2006 horror film Frostbite , the portrait is more balanced. Unlike most other Swedish films, it takes place in a larger community at the northern peak of Sweden, being filmed in Kalix and Kiruna . The people are shown to be pretty warm and welcoming towards outsiders. Rather than the people, the nature of Norrland is shown to be hostile. A constant darkness roams over

1764-464: The historical city status was Sundsvall , which was granted the privilege in 1624. Sundsvall is still the largest city of the province, with about 50,000 inhabitants. In total, the population of Medelpad is circa 120,000. The mountain hare is the provincial animal, but the Skvader , a fictional animal, was popular in the 1987 unofficial referendum to select the provincial animal. Football in

1813-466: The historical Norrland. On the other hand, Finland belonged to Sweden until 1809, and during that time, Norrland was extended into Northern Finland. Administratively, Sweden is not divided into provinces but into counties ( län ). Although Norrland is defined in terms of the historical provinces and not the counties, it roughly comprises the modern counties of Gävleborg , Jämtland , Norrbotten , Västerbotten and Västernorrland . Sometimes, Norrland

1862-531: The largest winter festivals in Luleå is the indoor Minus 30-festivalen, held at Kulturens hus (the House of Culture) annually on a Saturday in mid-March. Luleå Hamnfestival (Luleå harbor festival) is a big summer event in the center of Luleå, mostly centered around the north harbor. The festival has been a recurring event each summer since 2013. Held in July, it is a free event not targeting a specific group. The festival

1911-531: The mid-19th century, Norrland became the source for the important wood and pulp industry. All but four of the major Norrland rivers have been exploited for water power . The rivers in Norrland account for the bulk of hydroelectric power in Sweden, which is in many countries a limited energy source, but Sweden has hydroelectrical power account for approximately 40 percent of its total production of electricity . Mines for producing precious metals have also been located in Norrland. In older history and still today,

1960-471: The official history of Sweden, not much is written about the northern parts of the country. Kebnekaise , Sweden's tallest mountain at 2,111 metres (6,926 feet), is located in Lappland in the north of Norrland. Norrland has a highly variable climate depending on altitude, latitude and distance to water. The southern coastal areas have a humid continental climate , but further north, the subarctic climate

2009-461: The province is administered by Medelpads Fotbollförbund and currently has 40 clubs. The most successful club in Medelpad is GIF Sundsvall . GIF Sundsvall is currently playing in the second tier of Swedish football, Superettan . Both GIF Sundsvall and IFK Sundsvall has played in the highest tier of Swedish football, Allsvenskan . Ice hockey is also popular, with Timrå IK , and basketball with

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2058-435: The region include Ingemar Stenmark , Anja Pärson and Per Elofsson . Football is also popular in Norrland, but teams from the region have rarely been on the same competitive level as the big city clubs in southern Sweden. To date, no Norrland team has ever won Allsvenskan , Sweden's highest-level football league, and Sandvikens IF is the only Norrland team that has ever finished in the top four (last time in 1956). As of

2107-568: The seventh biggest harbor in Sweden for shipping goods. It has a large steel industry and is a center for extensive research. It is also home to the Swedish Air Force Wing Norrbotten Wing (F 21) based in Luleå Airport . Luleå University of Technology is one of Sweden's three technology universities with around 15,000 students and is the northernmost university in Sweden. The town's Royal charter

2156-518: The summer in June and July the temperature in Luleå can some days rise to around 30 °C (86 °F). Summers are very bright, with marginal twilight being the only exception during the summer solstice . From September to March, northern lights can be seen if the sky is clear. Newspapers include: Luleå became a transport hub in the region for ore, steel and freight, with trans-shipping between road, ship and rail. Public transport in Luleå

2205-507: The town and there is extreme cold. Vampires have been shown taking a liking to the land and hunt the towns people in the arctic night. The film is notorious for having the actors speak without the district Norrland accent, even the actors in the film who are native to Norrland. A mixed portrait of the region is found in As It Is in Heaven (2004), which "vividly conveys both the delights and

2254-481: The town finds redemption. The plot of the well-known thriller The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo shifts back and forth between Stockholm and the fictional Norrland town of Hedestad. A constantly repeated theme in the book's background are the social, cultural and physical differences between these two locations: Norrland is more sedate, conservative and slow-moving in comparison with the cosmopolitan Stockholm;

2303-494: Was granted in 1621 by King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden . The original town was situated where Gammelstad (Old Town) is situated today. The town had to be moved in 1649 to the current site, due to the post-glacial rebound that had made the bay too shallow for ships to enter. In 1805, Luleå only had 947 inhabitants, but in 1865 Luleå succeeded Piteå as the county town in Norrbotten county and now had around 1400 residents. In

2352-464: Was lost to Russia in 1809, and the new border was drawn at Torne River . The southern border was originally everything north of the Gästrikland province (until the 14th or 15th century a part of Uppland ), but since the mid 17th century, Gästrikland is also considered a part of Norrland. The name can be first traced from Karl's Chronicle , explaining how Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson in 1433 sent

2401-515: Was not the case with Norrland. The name Norrland just gradually became a denomination of everything north of Svealand. Up to the Middle Ages, the northern part of Norrland ( Norrbotten and Lappland ) was sparsely populated by Sami , Kvens and different tribes/people related to the Finns . In the southern part of Norrland, Swedish and Norwegian settlers lived side by side with the Sami population. From

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