Former Prime Minister of Russia Former President of Russia
83-832: Political views Elections Presidency Premiership [REDACTED] The Medvedev Doctrine is a set of five principles stated by President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev in an interview to Channel One Russia on Sunday August 31, 2008, in the aftermath of the Russo-Georgian War . They may be summarized as follows: This article related to politics in Russia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Presidency of Dmitry Medvedev Former Prime Minister of Russia Former President of Russia Political views Elections Presidency Premiership [REDACTED] The presidency of Dmitry Medvedev began on 8 May 2008, when he became
166-581: A delegation to North Korea and signed a "protocol on cooperation" with the Workers' Party of Korea . During the visit, a stone was placed in the Juche Tower . In October 2017 the party hosted the 19th International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties in the city of Saint Petersburg, marking the centenary of the October Revolution , with an attendance of over 100 parties from around
249-546: A few thousand, mostly elderly, party supporters. In 2014, the party called for Russia to formally recognise the separatist Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic , something that would happen in 2022 preceding Russia's invasion of Ukraine. After Russia was sanctioned for systematic doping in the run-up to the 2018 Winter Olympics , Gennady Zyuganov , leader of the Communist Party of
332-576: A mildly positive response to the newly-adopted package of anti-corruption legislation initiated and promoted by president Medvedev and passed by the Duma in December of 2008", according to Transparency International 's CPI 2009 Regional Highlights report. On 10 March 2009, Medvedev signed the presidential decree to reform the civil service system between 2009 and 2013 as part of his drive against corruption. The main direction of reforms include establishing
415-437: A moderniser. The BBC also noted that other analysts believe the split is exaggerated, and Medvedev and Putin were "trying to maximise support for the authorities by appealing to different parts of society". There was belief that the court verdict on oligarch Mikhail Khodorkovsky and his partner Platon Lebedev , both of whom funded opposition parties before their arrests, would indicate whether or not Putin "is still calling all
498-641: A new system to manage the civil service, introducing effective technology and modern methods of human resources operations, and increasing the efficiency and professionalism of civil servants. On 13 April 2010, Medvedev signed presidential decree No. 460 which introduced the National Anti-Corruption Strategy , a midterm government policy, while the plan is updated every two years. The new strategy stipulated increased fines, greater public oversight of government budgets and sociological research. According to Georgy Satarov , president of
581-724: A pluralistic political framework. The CPRF considers the multi-sector socialist market system as developed in China to be a model which should be emulated within Russia. The party supports state ownership over major industries, the renationalization of businesses privatized after the collapse of the Soviet Union , giving out subsidies to currently existing state-owned firms and maintaining large welfare benefits. The CPRF has also maintained stable relationships with many businesses, including small and large private companies, worker cooperatives, and organizations which trace their lineage to
664-481: A recently passed bill which restricted antigovernment demonstrations. The bill, passed on 22 October, notably prohibited anyone who had previously been convicted of organizing an illegal mass rally from seeking permission to stage a demonstration. In late November 2010, Medvedev made a public statement about the damage being done to Russia's politics by the dominance of the United Russia party. He claimed that
747-608: A relative majority in regional parliaments at the expense of deputies-single-mandate holders. Nevertheless, in Irkutsk Oblast, the party received a relative majority and is the largest faction in the Legislative Assembly. Marxist theoretician Boris Kagarlitsky wrote in 2001: "It is enough to recall that within the Communist movement itself, Zyuganov's party was at first neither the sole organisation, nor
830-637: A response, and would later influence the pro-Russian policies of president Viktor Yanukovych . On 24 September 2011, during the United Russia party congress, Medvedev recommended Vladimir Putin as the party's presidential candidate for the presidential election the following year and revealed that the two men had already made a deal that would allow Putin to run for president in 2012 , being ineligible to do so in 2008 because of term limits. Medvedev added that he himself wanted to remain in government in some other capacity. Putin accepted Medvedev's offer
913-738: A second front by attacking the Kodori Gorge , held by Georgia. In five-days of fighting, the Georgian assault was repelled and its forces were expelled from both of the separatist regions The war drove tensions in Russia–United States relations to a post–Cold War high. On 26 August, following a unanimous vote of the Federal Assembly of Russia , Medvedev issued a presidential decree officially recognizing Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent states, an action condemned by
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#1732775689824996-545: A two-party system, with the NPSR opposing the ruling " party of power ". The party suffered a sharp decline in the 2003 legislative election , going from 113 seats to 52. Zyuganov called the 2003 elections a "revolting spectacle" and accused the Kremlin of setting up a " Potemkin party", Rodina , to steal its votes. The CPRF was endorsed by Sergey Baburin 's People's Union for the 2007 Russian parliamentary elections . In
1079-614: Is considered to depend on the nostalgia for the Soviet Union , having the largest poll of voters among the elderly. In all presidential elections that have been held in the Russian Federation, the CRPF's candidate has finished second. In 2012, several opposition politicians, including Boris Nemtsov , posited that Dmitry Medvedev admitted to them that Zyuganov would actually have won the 1996 Russian presidential election if not for fraud in favor of Boris Yeltsin . According to
1162-406: Is planned to reform the management of enterprises through the creation of councils at various levels. The party also plans to transform Russia into a Soviet republic . In the second stage, the role of councils and trade unions will increase even more. A gradual transition in the economy will be made to a socialist form of economic activity , but a small private equity is still retained. Finally,
1245-452: Is to establish a new, modernized form of socialism in Russia through peaceful means. Immediate goals of the party include the nationalisation of natural resources , agriculture , and large industries within the framework of a mixed economy , with socialist relations of production that allow for the growth of small and medium enterprises in the private/non-state sector. Former parties Former parties Former parties The CPRF
1328-530: The 2012 presidential election , Zyuganov denounced election irregularities in the 2011 legislative election , but he also expressed his opposition to the organisers of the mass demonstrations of December 2011 , which he viewed as orchestrated by ultra-liberals exploiting unrest. The party played only a minor role as a catalyst in the protests. Party rallies on 18 December 2011 in protest of election irregularities in Moscow and Saint Petersburg were attended by only
1411-918: The G8 . On 31 August 2008, Medvedev announced a shift in the Russian foreign policy under his government, built around five main principles, collectively known as the Medvedev Doctrine : In his address to the parliament on 5 November 2008 he also promised to deploy the Iskander missile system and radar-jamming facilities in Kaliningrad Oblast to counter the U. S. missile defence system in Eastern Europe. Following U.S. President Barack Obama 's announcement on 17 September 2009, that Washington would not deploy missile-defense elements in
1494-560: The Great Recession . Other important decisions made by Medvedev include lowering the Duma election threshold from 7% to 5%, firing Moscow 's powerful but criticised mayor Yuri Luzhkov , launching a large-scale privatisation of state-owned companies, removing state officials from the boards of state-owned companies and the extension of the Presidential term from four years to six. On 7 May 2008, Dmitry Medvedev took an oath as
1577-672: The Indem think tank, the decree "probably reflected Medvedev's frustration with the fact that the 2008 plan had yielded little result." In January 2011, President Medvedev admitted that the government had so far failed in its anti-corruption measures. On 4 May 2011, Medvedev continued his anti-corruption efforts by signing the Federal Law On Amendments to the Criminal Code and the Code of Administrative Offences of
1660-693: The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which was established in March 1898. The party split in 1903 into a Menshevik (minority) and Bolshevik (majority) faction; the latter, led by Vladimir Lenin , is the direct ancestor of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and is the party that seized power in the October Revolution of 1917. After the CPSU was banned in 1991 by Russian President Boris Yeltsin in
1743-551: The United States in general and with President Barack Obama in particular; The New START nuclear arms reduction treaty is regarded as Medvedev's main achievement in foreign affairs. Under Medvedev, Russia intervened on behalf of South Ossetia and Abkhazia after a Georgian military attack against the de facto independent regions, and emerged victorious in the ensuing five-day 2008 South Ossetia war . During Medvedev's tenure, Russia also struggled with and recovered from
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#17327756898241826-474: The 2004 abolition of direct popular elections of regional leaders , effectively in favor of their appointment by the Kremlin, and added that he didn't see a possibility of a return to direct elections even in 100 years. In August 2009, Medvedev promised to break the near-monopoly of ruling party United Russia over the political system, stating that "New democratic times are beginning". On 11 October 2009, regional elections were won by United Russia with 66% of
1909-664: The 2012 general elections, there was a view from some analysts that some of Medvedev's recent actions and comments were designed to separate his image from Putin's: examples noted by the BBC included his dealings in late 2010 with NATO and America, possibly designed to show himself as being better able to deal with the Western nations, and comments in November about the need for a stronger opposition in Russian politics, to present himself as
1992-642: The 3rd President of the Russian Federation . Medvedev was the Head of the Presidential Administration during the 2nd term of Vladimir Putin as president, and the Chairman of Gazprom oil company . Dmitry Medvedev was the youngest Russian leader since 1918 at the time of his inauguration. Medvedev's main domestic agenda was the wide-ranging Medvedev modernisation programme which aimed at modernising Russia's economy and society. In particular,
2075-620: The CPRF considers it necessary to reform the country in three phases. In the first phase, it is needed to achieve workers' power through representation by a coalition led by the CPRF. Achieving this goal will help eliminate the devastation from the standpoint of the party, the consequences conducted in the past decade of reforms, in particular by the nationalisation of property privatised in the 1990s. However, in this case small producers will remain and moreover will be organised to protect them from robbery by "big business, bureaucrats, and mafia groups". It
2158-516: The CPRF published a statement in support of the invasion and accused NATO of planning "to enslave Ukraine" and thus creating "critical threats to the security of Russia". It called for the "demilitarization and denazification" of Ukraine. The party framed the conflict as that between the Ukrainian Banderites and fascists, who have been perpetrating genocide against Russian speakers, and liberating Russian forces. The CPRF also accused
2241-418: The CPRF's success in the 1995 legislative election , it emerged as the primary opposition to incumbent President Boris Yeltsin for the 1996 presidential election , whose approval rating was in single digits. In order to oppose Yeltsin, Zyuganov organised a "popular-patriotic bloc" of nationalist organisations to support his candidacy. After the election—which Yeltsin won with 54% of the vote—on 7 August 1996
2324-412: The CPRF, in 2006 the party received ₽127,453,237 rubles (3,998,835 US$ ): In 2006, the party spent 116,823,489 rubles (3,665,328 US$ ): On 19 October 2008, the leader of the party Gennady Zyuganov appealed to the citizens of Russia to financially support the party to implement its policy goals. The CPRF is strong in large cities and major industrial and scientific centers (" naukograds ") as well as in
2407-477: The CPSU, with the party being led by a Central Committee with a commitment to democratic centralism . It has regional offices in 81 federal subjects. Each regional office is controlled by the local (oblast, city, etc.) committee, headed by the First Secretary. The headquarters of the party is in Moscow . The Leninist Komsomol of the Russian Federation is the youth organisation of the party. In 1993,
2490-558: The Communist Party declared that the party is guided by Marxism–Leninism , based on the experience and achievements of domestic and world science and culture. According to the party, there comes a "confrontation between the New World Order and the Russian people with its thousand-year history, and with its qualities", "communality and great power, deep faith, undying altruism and decisive rejection of lures mercantile bourgeois liberal-democratic paradise". According to its program,
2573-646: The Constitution of Russia ). Medvedev proposed to the legislature on 8 May 2009 and on 2 June signed into law an amendment whereby the chairperson of the Constitutional Court and his deputies would be proposed to the parliament by the president rather than elected by the judges, as was the case before. In 2009, Medvedev proposed an amendment to the election law which would decrease the State Duma election threshold from 7% to 5%. The amendment
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2656-469: The Czech Republic and Poland, Dmitry Medvedev said he decided against deploying Iskander missiles in Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. In August 2009, Medvedev published an open letter blaming Ukraine's president Viktor Yushchenko for "the anti-Russian position of the current Ukrainian authorities", which analysts said was timed to influence the 2010 Ukrainian presidential election . It elicited
2739-609: The Russian Federation ( CPRF ; Russian: Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации; КПРФ , romanized : Kommunisticheskaya partiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii; KPRF ) is a communist political party in Russia that officially adheres to Marxist–Leninist philosophy. It is the second-largest political party in Russia after United Russia . The youth organisation of the party is the Leninist Young Communist League . The CPRF can trace its origin to
2822-496: The Russian Federation , Liberal Democratic Party of Russia and A Just Russia ) are free to put forward a list of candidates for the Duma elections, while parties with no current representation need first to collect signatures. Under the 2009 amendments initiated by Medvedev, the number of signatures required was lowered from 200,000 to 150,000 for the 2011 Duma elections. In subsequent elections, only 120,000 signatures will be required. In September 2009, Medvedev said he approved of
2905-461: The Russian Federation to Improve State Anti-Corruption Management . The bill raised fines for corruption to up to 100 time the amount of the bribe given or received, with the maximum fine being 500 million rubles ($ 18.3 million). The onset of the 2008–2009 Russian financial crisis in September 2008 led to an economic decline. Dmitry Medvedev attributed the decline in the Russian stock market to
2988-544: The Russian Federation, proposed sending Russian fans to the Games with a Soviet Victory Banner . In 2021, the party's headquarters were raided by Russian authorities and a party official was barred from entering his office in the State Duma after it refused to accept the results of an online parliamentary election vote and attempting to file a lawsuit against the results. Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine ,
3071-473: The Soviet era. In 2002, it was described as left-wing nationalist . The CPRF's current programme was adapted in 2008, where the CPRF declared that it is the only political organisation that consistently upholds the rights of the workers and national interests. According to the programme, the strategic goal of the party is to build in Russia a "renewed socialism, Socialism of the 21st century ". The program of
3154-641: The United States and NATO of deploying European fascist sympathizers and Middle Eastern terrorists to Ukraine to fight the Russian army. Two members out of 57 of CPRF's Duma caucus, Vyacheslav Markhaev and Mikhail Matveev , have expressed opposition to the war, although they support the "protection of the people of Donbass". A few younger members of the CPRF spoke publicly against the war in Ukraine, although their criticisms only refer to Russia's military campaign outside of Donbass, while they fully support
3237-663: The aftermath of a failed coup attempt , the CPRF was founded at the Second Extraordinary Congress of Russian Communists on 14 February 1993 as the successor organisation of the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (CPRSFSR). It was the ruling party in the State Duma , the lower house of the Russian Federal Assembly from 1998 to 1999. The party's stated goal
3320-460: The ban on the "promotion of non-traditional sexual relations to minors", commonly known as the Russian gay propaganda law . During the Russian invasion of Ukraine , the party has taken a pro-war stance. The party leader, Gennady Zyuganov , called in the Duma for a general mobilization. Since its founding the CPRF has had several distinct internal factions: The CPRF is legally registered in Russia. In organisational terms, it largely mirrors
3403-567: The celebration of the Victory Day on 9 May, he attended the military parade at Red Square and signed a decree to provide housing to war veterans. On 8 May 2008, Dmitry Medvedev appointed Vladimir Putin Prime Minister of Russia as he had promised during his election campaign. The nomination was approved by the State Duma with a clear majority of 392–56, with only communist deputies voting against. On 12 May 2008, Putin proposed
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3486-520: The coalition supporting Zyuganov was transformed into an official organisation, the People's Patriotic Union of Russia (NPSR), consisting of more than 30 left-wing and nationalist organisations, including the Russian All-People's Union , led by Sergey Baburin . Zyuganov was its chairman. It went on to support Zyuganov in the 2000 presidential election . The NPSR was meant to form the basis of
3569-439: The country faced political stagnation if the ruling party would "degrade" if not challenged; "this stagnation is equally damaging to both the ruling party and the opposition forces." In the same speech, he said Russian democracy was "imperfect" but improving. BBC Russian correspondents reported that this came on the heels of discontent in political circles and opposition that the authorities, in their view, had too much control over
3652-420: The country's dependency on oil and gas revenues and creating a diversified economy based on high technology and innovation . The programme was based on the top 5 priorities for the country's technological development: efficient energy use ; nuclear technology ; information technology ; medical technology and pharmaceuticals ; and space technology in combination with telecommunications . For Medvedev,
3735-410: The draft were made. On 27 October 2010, President Medvedev submitted the draft to the lower house of the State Duma . The lower house of the Duma voted to approve the bill on 28 January 2011, and the upper house followed suit on 2 February. On 7 February, President Medvedev signed the bill into law. The changes came into effect on 1 March 2011. Around 217 billion rubles ($ 7 billion) were allocated to
3818-412: The globe. Pravda is the newspaper of the Communist Party; it has 81 regional editions. Left-wing nationalist newspaper Sovetskaya Rossiya has also friendly ties with the Communist Party, but is not officially affiliated with it. Ultra-nationalist newspaper Zavtra used to support the Communist Party, but in 2005 it switched its support to Rodina . According to the financial report of
3901-603: The government to prepare anti-corruption legislation based on these suggestions. The bill, called On Corruption Counteraction was signed into law on 25 December 2008 as Federal Law N 273-FZ. According to Professor Richard Sakwa , "Russia now at last had serious, if flawed, legislation against corruption, which in the context was quite an achievement, although preliminary results were meagre." Russia's score in Corruption Perceptions Index rose from 2.1 in 2008 to 2.2 in 2009, which "could be interpreted as
3984-690: The gubernatorial election in Irkutsk Oblast . In the 2018 gubernatorial elections , Communist Party candidates Andrey Klychkov and Valentin Konovalov won the gubernatorial elections in the Oryol Oblast and Khakassia , respectively. In addition, in the election in Primorsky Krai , the party's candidate Andrey Ishchenko could pass in the second round of election in which lost, by official results. The result of those elections
4067-484: The impact of the 2007–2008 financial crisis and contended that the crisis in Russia had little if anything to do with internal problems in its economy and government policies. He ordered the injection of large funds from the state budget into the markets to stabilize the situation. Medvedev launched the Medvedev modernisation programme , which aimed at modernising the economy of Russia and Russian society, decreasing
4150-584: The key priorities of his presidency. In May 2009, Medvedev established the Presidential Commission on Innovation , which he would personally chair every month. The commission comprises almost the entire Russian government and some of the best minds from academia and business. The most serious foreign policy event during Medvedev's presidency was the 2008 South Ossetia war . Tensions between Georgia and Russian-supported separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia had been rising throughout
4233-406: The largest. Bit by bit, however, all other Communist organisations were forced out of political life. This occurred not because the organisations in question were weak, but because it was the CPRF that had received the Kremlin's official approval as the sole recognised opposition". Andrei Brezhnev, grandson of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev , has criticised the CPRF's Zyuganov's rapprochement with
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#17327756898244316-412: The life of the Russian society." In July 2008, Medvedev's National Anti-Corruption Plan was published in the official Rossiyskaya Gazeta newspaper. It suggested measures aimed at making sanctions for corruption more severe, such as legislature to disqualify who state and municipal officials who commit minor corruption offences and making it obligatory for officials to report corruption. The plan ordered
4399-453: The list of names for his new cabinet, which Medvedev approved. Most of the personnel remained unchanged from the times of Putin's presidency, but there were a couple of high-profile changes. Minister of Justice Vladimir Ustinov was replaced by Aleksandr Konovalov ; Minister of Energy Viktor Khristenko was replaced with Sergei Shmatko ; Minister of Communications Leonid Reiman was replaced with Igor Shchegolev and Vitaliy Mutko received
4482-488: The massive Skolkovo innovation center , part of the modernisation programme, is often regarded as Medvedev's brainchild. Another important program was the Russian police reform , launched by Medvedev in 2009, and led to the renaming of the Policing Organisation from Militsiya to police . In foreign policy, Medvedev assumed a more conciliatory tone than his predecessor, pursuing a closer relationship with
4565-553: The membership of the Stalinist Russian Communist Workers Party (although party leader Viktor Anpilov rejected the new party). The CPRF quickly became the largest party in Russia, with 500,000 members soon after its founding, more than double all the other parties membership combined. Gennady Zyuganov , a co-founder of the party along with senior former Soviet politicians Yegor Ligachev , Anatoly Lukyanov , Andrew Konstant and others,
4648-754: The modernisation programme became one of the most ambitious and important agendas of his presidency. On 7 August 2009, Dmitry Medvedev instructed Prosecutor General Yury Chayka and Chief of the Audit Directorate of the Presidential Administration of Russia Konstantin Chuychenko to probe state corporations , a new highly privileged form of organizations earlier promoted by President Putin, to question their appropriateness. That same day, Medvedev also said that giant state corporations will inevitably be privatized, and although
4731-572: The most power, 32% Putin, and 48% both (7% failed to answer). However, Medvedev affirmed his position of strength, stating, "I am the leader of this state, I am the head of this state, and the division of power is based on this." Officially, the Kremlin insisted that the power of the Head of State still rested with the President Medvedev, not the Prime Minister Putin. As both Putin and Medvedev could run for president in
4814-627: The narrative that Ukraine is governed by "neo-Nazis". As a result of the party's actions of endorsing the invasion of Ukraine, 55 of the 57 CPRF lawmakers, including Zyuganov, have been sanctioned by the United States Department of Treasury , HM Treasury of the United Kingdom, Global Affairs Canada , Japan, Australia and the European Commission . In July 2022, CPRF leader Gennady Zyuganov allowed
4897-553: The newly created position of Minister of Sports, Tourism and Youth policy. In the presidential administration, Medvedev replaced Sergei Sobyanin with Sergei Naryshkin as the head of the administration. Furthermore, the head of the Federal Security Service Nikolai Patrushev was replaced with Alexander Bortnikov . With Medvedev's election as president and Vladimir Putin—still the country's most popular politician—as Prime Minister, Russia
4980-458: The official results, Zyuganov received 17.18% of the votes in the 2012 Russian presidential election . According to independent observers, there was large-scale fraud in favor of Vladimir Putin . Zyuganov called the election "one of thieves, and absolutely dishonest and unworthy". In February 2005, the CPRF defeated the ruling pro-Kremlin party United Russia in elections to the regional legislature of Nenets Autonomous Okrug , obtaining 27% of
5063-719: The party founded the Union of Communist Parties – Communist Party of the Soviet Union . Since 2001, the organisation has been led by Gennady Zyuganov and it became part of the Central Committee. The party has friendly relations with the Party of the European Left , but it is not a member of it. The party also has friendly relations with the Chinese Communist Party . On 24 March 2017, the party sent
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#17327756898245146-428: The party to propose a merger with the left-conservative party A Just Russia — For Truth , but only if the new party adopted the communist program. The day before, the leader of the A Just Russia Sergey Mironov said that he "does not see any obstacles to the creation in Russia of a large coalition of left-wing patriotic forces". The party advocates for a socialist transformation of Russia through peaceful means within
5229-514: The police reform from the federal budget for the time frame 2012–2013. President Medvedev initiated new policy called "Our New School" and instructed the government to present a review on the implementation of the initiative every year. In May 2009, Medvedev set up the Presidential Commission of the Russian Federation to Counter Attempts to Falsify History to the Detriment of Russia's Interests . Medvedev named technological innovation one of
5312-538: The political process. Medvedev made reforming Russia's law enforcement one of his top agendas. Medvedev initiated the reform at the end of 2009, with a presidential decree issued on 24 December ordering the government to start planning the reform. In early August 2010 a draft law was posted on the Internet for public discussion. The website was popular, with more than 2,000 comments posted within 24 hours of its opening. Based on citizen feedback, several modifications to
5395-632: The popular vote. In the Moscow Duma election held on 4 December 2005, the party won 16.75% and 4 seats, the best ever result for the CPRF in Moscow. In the opinion of some observers, the absence of the Rodina party contributed to the Communists' success. On 11 March 2007, elections took place for 14 regional and local legislatures. The CPRF performed very well and increased its votes in most of
5478-455: The present conditions in the Russian Federation, the CPRF calls for the following proposals: The party is in favour of cooperation with the Russian Orthodox Church . According to the words of Zyuganov , the CPRF is a party of scientific, but not militant atheism . Propaganda of any religion is banned inside the party. The CPRF celebrates the rule of Joseph Stalin . Zyuganov and the party support social conservatism and voted in favor of
5561-475: The question of whether it is Medvedev or Prime Minister Vladimir Putin who actually wields the most power. According to The Daily Telegraph , "Kremlin-watchers" note that Medvedev uses the more formal form of 'you' (Вы, 'vy') when addressing Putin, while Putin addresses Medvedev with the more informal 'ty' (ты). According to a poll conducted in September 2009 by the Levada Center in which 1,600 Russians from across Russia took part, 13% believed Medvedev held
5644-405: The same day, and endorsed him for the position of the prime minister of Russia should United Russia, who were being led by Medvedev, win in the upcoming legislative election. Putin won the election on 4 March 2012, and was inaugurated on 7 May , as Medvedev's presidency ended and he was appointed prime minister. Communist Party of the Russian Federation The Communist Party of
5727-432: The shots". Fighting corruption was one of the key areas of Medvedev's presidency. On 19 May 2008, Medvedev signed a decree on anti-corruption measures, which included the creation of an Anti-Corruption Council. In the first meeting of the council on 30 September 2008, Medvedev said: "I will repeat one simple, but very painful thing. Corruption in our country has become rampant. It has become commonplace and characterises
5810-402: The small towns and cities around Moscow . One of the few polling stations that gave a success to the CPRF during the 2007 Russian legislative election was at Moscow State University . The CPRF is also strong in the far east of Russia , in Siberia , and the Ural . Supporters of the CPRF include those who suffered economically and politically from the collapse of the Soviet Union. The party
5893-400: The state had increased its role in the economy in recent years, this should remain a temporary move. In November 2010, on his annual speech to the Federal Assembly , Medvedev stressed for greater privatization of unneeded state assets both at the federal and regional level, and that Russia's regions must sell-off non-core assets to help fund post-crisis spending, following in the footsteps of
5976-596: The state's planned $ 32 billion 3-year asset sales. Medvedev said the money from privatisation should be used to help modernise the economy and the regions should be rewarded for finding their own sources of cash. In his first address to the Russian parliament on 5 November 2008, Medvedev proposed to change the Constitution of Russia in order to increase the terms of the President and State Duma from four to six and five years respectively (see 2008 Amendments to
6059-537: The territories; it came second in Oryol Oblast (23.78%), Omsk Oblast (22.58%), Pskov Oblast (19.21%) and Samara Oblast (18.87%), Moscow Oblast (18.80%), Murmansk Oblast (17.51%) and Tomsk Oblast (13.37%). These results testify that the CPRF is the most significant opposition party in Russia. On 21 May 2007, the CPRF obtained an important success in the Volgograd 's mayoral election. Communist candidate Roman Grebennikov won election as mayor with 32.47% of
6142-510: The third President of the Russian Federation in a ceremony held in Kremlin Palace. After taking the oath of office and receiving a gold chain of double-headed eagles symbolizing the presidency, he stated: "I believe my most important aims will be to protect civil and economic freedoms....We must fight for a true respect of the law and overcome legal nihilism , which seriously hampers modern development." As his inauguration coincided with
6225-406: The third phase is to build socialism . The First Secretary Gennady Zyuganov also expressed that they should learn from China's successful example and build Russian socialism. He also encouraged all party members to read "Selected works of Deng Xiaoping". He said during his visit to China in 2008: "Had we learned from the success of China earlier, the Soviet Union would not have dissolved". Under
6308-454: The vote and became the youngest mayor of a regional capital. In 2008, Roman Grebennikov switched his allegiance to United Russia, angering many Communists who accused him of using the CPRF as a tool to become elected. On 7 April 2011, the CPRF candidate Ilya Potapov won the mayoral election in the town of Berdsk with a landslide victory over the United Russia candidates. In 2015 gubernatorial elections, party's nominee Sergey Levchenko won
6391-607: The vote. Medvedev stated that this proved the party's moral and legal right to run the regions. But according to Liliya Shibanova , head of independent poll watchdog GOLOS Association , "political competition is practically zero". Pro-Western opposition parties claimed the playing fields were uneven. On 26 October 2009, the First Deputy Chief of Staff Vladislav Surkov , warned that democratic experiments could result in more instability and that more instability "could rip Russia apart". On 6 November 2010, Medvedev vetoed
6474-593: The year 2008, with both sides accusing each other of preparing for a war. In the night of 7–8 August, Georgia launched a massive military attack against South Ossetia . 7 Russian peacekeepers stationed in the region were killed in the attack. The Georgian side said that the actions of Russian peacekeepers and Ossetians were provocative and they intended to make Georgia feel forced to start the military operation. On 8 August, Russia reacted by sending its military forces into South Ossetia and launching air strikes against Georgian military infrastructure. Russia and Abkhazia opened
6557-415: Was declared invalid due to a large number of violations in connection with which recall election were scheduled for December 2018, but the Communist Party decided not to nominate its candidate for the new election. In the 2018 elections to the regional parliaments, the Communist Party took first place in the voting on party lists in three regions. However, in two regions, United Russia still managed to get
6640-633: Was elected to be party leader at the Second Extraordinary Congress. Zyuganov had been a harsh critic of Alexander Yakovlev , the so-called "godfather of glasnost ", on the CPSU Central Committee . After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, he became active in the Russian "national-patriotic" movement, being the chairman of the National Salvation Front (some authors call him a nationalist ). Following
6723-404: Was faced with an unprecedented situation: the constitutionally powerful President was now flanked with a highly influential Prime Minister. Media speculation was rife as to who of the two would be the country's real leader. "Tandem rule" became a widely used term in the media. Although the Russian constitution clearly apportions the majority of power to the president, speculation has arisen over
6806-540: Was founded on 14 February 1993 at the Second Extraordinary Congress of Russian Communists, where it declared itself to be the successor of the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (CPRSFSR). It formed through the merger of successor groups to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), including Roy Medvedev 's Socialist Party of the Working People (of left-socialist orientation), Alexei Prigarin's Union of Communists; and much of
6889-478: Was signed into law in Spring 2009. Parties receiving more than 5% but less than 6% of the votes will now be guaranteed one seat, while parties receiving more than 6% but less than 7% will get two seats. These seats will be allocated before the seats for parties with over 7% support. The Russian election law stipulates that parties with representatives in the State Duma (at the time United Russia , Communist Party of
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