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39-567: Menologium is the Latin form of Greek menologion ( μηνολόγιον , menológion ), which is also used in English, particularly in the context of Eastern Orthodoxy. The plural of both the Latin and Greek forms of the name is menologia . The Greek term derived from mḗn ( μήν , " month ") + -o- ( -ο- ) + lógos ( λόγος , " writing , recording ") + -ion ( -ιον ), together meaning

78-712: A location rather north of Rome. The Menologium, also known as the Old English Metrical Calendar, is an untitled late 10th-century Old English poem covering the Anglo-Saxon liturgical year within the context of the Anglo-Saxon Church 's Julian calendar . Hart tentatively identifies its author as Byrhtferth , a Benedictine monk at Ramsey Abbey in Cambridgeshire , England . The Menologium serves as an prologue to

117-572: A manuscript of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , introducing the year. There are similar but distinct equivalents in documents from the Celtic Church and in other Anglo-Saxon texts, generally known as kalendars . It has been printed in 18 separate editions beginning with George Hickes in 1703. Hickes entitled the poem "A Calendar or Poetical Menologium" ( Calendarium seu Menologium Poeticum ), picked up by Samuel Fox and

156-430: A manuscript of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , introducing the year. There are similar but distinct equivalents in documents from the Celtic Church and in other Anglo-Saxon texts, generally known as kalendars . It has been printed in 18 separate editions beginning with George Hickes in 1703. Hickes entitled the poem "A Calendar or Poetical Menologium" ( Calendarium seu Menologium Poeticum ), picked up by Samuel Fox and

195-502: A monthly record or account. Although properly referring to the thing recorded, menology is sometimes used as a synonym to mean the menologium itself. More rarely, menologe is as well, borrowed from French ménologe . The ancient Roman farming menologia ( Latin : menologia rustica ) were given their name by Theodor Mommsen in the first volume of the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum , date from

234-490: A separate menologium for each of the Jesuits' separate assistancies (now known as conferences ). These compilations quickly began to include respected but uncanonized members and to organize them for commemoration according to a calendrical schedule. Such members might be reputed for their holiness or simply their learning. Published by private authority, these works were intended for private consultation or remembrance within

273-434: A separate menologium for each of the Jesuits' separate assistancies (now known as conferences ). These compilations quickly began to include respected but uncanonized members and to organize them for commemoration according to a calendrical schedule. Such members might be reputed for their holiness or simply their learning. Published by private authority, these works were intended for private consultation or remembrance within

312-467: A single source, now lost. They provide the average lengths of day and night for each month at the latitude of Rome , astrological notes , the month's tutelary deity and temples in Rome by their day of dedication, agricultural tasks within the month, and other information but they omit most of the important agricultural festivals and, based on the listed harvest dates, were originally intended for

351-700: A strict set of rules (see Computus for details). While the Fixed Cycle begins on September 1, the new Paschal Cycle begins on " Zaccheus Sunday" in the Slavic tradition or the "Sunday of the Canaanite Woman" in the Greek tradition (the beginning of the preparatory season before Great Lent ), eleven Sundays before Pascha, and continues until the Zaccheus Sunday or Sunday of the Canaanite Woman of

390-480: Is called Triodion , while the season from Pascha through Pentecost is called the Pentecostarion . Because of the complexity created by the intersection of the various cycles, a number of Orthodox institutions will print an annual calendar (Russian: Spisok ) which contains rubrics for the services during that particular year. Simpler wall calendars will show the major commemoration of the day together with

429-456: Is the Latin form of Greek menologion ( μηνολόγιον , menológion ), which is also used in English, particularly in the context of Eastern Orthodoxy. The plural of both the Latin and Greek forms of the name is menologia . The Greek term derived from mḗn ( μήν , " month ") + -o- ( -ο- ) + lógos ( λόγος , " writing , recording ") + -ion ( -ιον ), together meaning a monthly record or account. Although properly referring to

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468-714: Is to provide fewer but fuller entries on the saints' lives. The most famous example is the Menologium of Basil II from around the year 1000. Some—such as the Menologium of Symeon Metaphrastes or the Syriac Menologium —bear a close resemblance to medieval Catholic legendaria and early modern recompilations of them such as Surius 's Acta Sanctorum . Delehaye found that Symeon and other hagiographers of his era were largely conservative while compiling their works from earlier synaxaria but sparsely added additional materials from other—now uncertain—sources. In

507-651: Is to provide fewer but fuller entries on the saints' lives. The most famous example is the Menologium of Basil II from around the year 1000. Some—such as the Menologium of Symeon Metaphrastes or the Syriac Menologium—bear a close resemblance to medieval Catholic legendaria and early modern recompilations of them such as Surius 's Acta Sanctorum . Delehaye found that Symeon and other hagiographers of his era were largely conservative while compiling their works from earlier synaxaria but sparsely added additional materials from other—now uncertain—sources. In

546-526: The Cistercians "), printed at Antwerp in 1630. Nuremberg and Nádasi wrote similar works for the Jesuits , although they did not title them menologia. The earliest Jesuit compilation using the title was printed in 1669, with Giuseppe Antonio Patrignani creating a greatly expanded volume in 1730 and François Elesban de Guilhermy gathering materials for a series (published posthumously) that provided

585-411: The Cistercians "), printed at Antwerp in 1630. Nuremberg and Nádasi wrote similar works for the Jesuits , although they did not title them menologia. The earliest Jesuit compilation using the title was printed in 1669, with Giuseppe Antonio Patrignani creating a greatly expanded volume in 1730 and François Elesban de Guilhermy gathering materials for a series (published posthumously) that provided

624-560: The Julian Calendar (sometimes referred to as the " Old Calendar ") or the Revised Julian Calendar (" New Calendar "). All dates having to do with Pascha (Easter) - the beginning of Great Lent , Ascension , Pentecost , etc. - are moveable feasts, and thus are not on this calendar (see Paschal cycle ). These important notes should be remembered in using the following calendar: The number of days by which

663-504: The Roman Catholic Breviary . They are usually issued in sets of 12 volumes, one for each month of the year, but are sometimes bound in three, each covering four months together. The propers cover the part of the day's liturgy that varies from the usual ordinary . They thus cover the commemoration of the days' saints in the service and in the canons sung at Orthros , particularly the synaxaries . These lives of

702-429: The Roman Catholic Breviary . They are usually issued in sets of 12 volumes, one for each month of the year, but are sometimes bound in three, each covering four months together. The propers cover the part of the day's liturgy that varies from the usual ordinary . They thus cover the commemoration of the days' saints in the service and in the canons sung at Orthros , particularly the synaxaries . These lives of

741-534: The early modern period , some Roman Catholic religious orders began to compile the names and eulogies of their notable members. Saracenus's Menologium Carmelitanum ("Menologium of the Carmelites ") printed at Bologna in 1627 may have been the earliest of these, but did not yet include a daily arrangement and only listed formally canonized members of his order. This was soon followed by Crisóstomo Henríquez 's Menologium Cisterciense ("Menologium of

780-476: The early modern period , some Roman Catholic religious orders began to compile the names and eulogies of their notable members. Saracenus's Menologium Carmelitanum ("Menologium of the Carmelites ") printed at Bologna in 1627 may have been the earliest of these, but did not yet include a daily arrangement and only listed formally canonized members of his order. This was soon followed by Crisóstomo Henríquez 's Menologium Cisterciense ("Menologium of

819-404: The imperial period , and seem to derive from a single source, now lost. They provide the average lengths of day and night for each month at the latitude of Rome , astrological notes , the month's tutelary deity and temples in Rome by their day of dedication, agricultural tasks within the month, and other information but they omit most of the important agricultural festivals and, based on

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858-616: The Gregorian calendar differs from the Julian calendar is currently 13, but will increase to 14 on March 1, 2100. Over the course of future centuries, the difference will continue to increase, limitlessly. The Eastern Orthodox liturgical year begins on September 1. Pascha (Easter) is, by far, the most important day in the ecclesiastical year, and all other days, in one way or another, are dependent upon it. Pascha falls on different calendar dates from year to year, calculated according to

897-736: The Paschal Cycle: The other Great Feasts are on the Fixed Cycle: In addition, the feast day of the patron saint of a parish church or monastery is counted as a Great Feast, and is celebrated with great solemnity. In addition to Great Lent , there are three other lesser lenten seasons in the church year: The season from the Sunday of the Publican and Pharisee (three weeks before the Great Lent) through Holy Saturday

936-614: The custom to read aloud from such works in Jesuit refectories as part of the evening meal into the 20th century. The Menologium Franciscanum ("Menologium of the Franciscans ") published by Fortunatus Hüber in 1691 was similarly intended for such open recitation but noted that the concluding formula of the Roman Matyrology (" Et alibi aliorum ...") should be replaced as the ferialis terminatio cuiuscumque diei with

975-434: The custom to read aloud from such works in Jesuit refectories as part of the evening meal into the 20th century. The Menologium Franciscanum ("Menologium of the Franciscans ") published by Fortunatus Hüber in 1691 was similarly intended for such open recitation but noted that the concluding formula of the Roman Matyrology (" Et alibi aliorum ...") should be replaced as the ferialis terminatio cuiuscumque diei with

1014-577: The following year. The Epistle and Gospel readings at the Divine Liturgy throughout the year are determined by the date of Pascha. There are Twelve Great Feasts throughout the church year—not counting Pascha, which is above and beyond all other feast days. These are feasts which celebrate major historical events in the lives of Jesus Christ or the Theotokos ( Virgin Mary ). Of these, three are on

1053-492: The listed harvest dates, were originally intended for a location rather north of Rome. The Menologium, also known as the Old English Metrical Calendar, is an untitled late 10th-century Old English poem covering the Anglo-Saxon liturgical year within the context of the Anglo-Saxon Church 's Julian calendar . Hart tentatively identifies its author as Byrhtferth , a Benedictine monk at Ramsey Abbey in Cambridgeshire , England . The Menologium serves as an prologue to

1092-484: The order but not for inclusion into the liturgy . The Church prohibited reading from such works as part of the Divine Office but allowed them to be read aloud in the chapter-house or refectory . Henríquez's menologium had already included the remark that "it would not appear unsuitable if it were read aloud in public or in chapter or at least in the refectory at the beginning of dinner or supper" and it remained

1131-422: The order but not for inclusion into the liturgy . The Church prohibited reading from such works as part of the Divine Office but allowed them to be read aloud in the chapter-house or refectory . Henríquez's menologium had already included the remark that "it would not appear unsuitable if it were read aloud in public or in chapter or at least in the refectory at the beginning of dinner or supper" and it remained

1170-551: The probable origin of its usual name. Most editions to date have added various emendations of the preserved text and several include misspellings and other errors, including in one instance changing summer to winter. Menaia , also known as menologia, are the office books of the Orthodox Church covering the propers assigned to fixed dates in the calendar. They correspond with the Proprium Sanctorum of

1209-418: The probable origin of its usual name. Most editions to date have added various emendations of the preserved text and several include misspellings and other errors, including in one instance changing summer to winter. Menaia , also known as menologia, are the office books of the Orthodox Church covering the propers assigned to fixed dates in the calendar. They correspond with the Proprium Sanctorum of

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1248-558: The rhythm of the life of the Eastern Orthodox Church . Passages of Holy Scripture , saints and events for commemoration are associated with each date, as are many times special rules for fasting or feasting that correspond to the day of the week or time of year in relationship to the major feast days . There are two types of feasts in the Orthodox Church calendar: fixed and movable. Fixed feasts occur on

1287-485: The saints are inserted between the 6th and 7th odes of the canon in similar fashion to the interpolation of the day's Martyrologium into the choral recitation of Prime in Roman Catholicism. Synaxaria , also known as menologia, are collections of saints' lives without the other liturgical material of the menaia. They correspond with Roman Catholic Martyrologies , although the usual Orthodox style

1326-417: The saints are inserted between the 6th and 7th odes of the canon in similar fashion to the interpolation of the day's Martyrologium into the choral recitation of Prime in Roman Catholicism. Synaxaria , also known as menologia, are collections of saints' lives without the other liturgical material of the menaia. They correspond with Roman Catholic Martyrologies , although the usual Orthodox style

1365-480: The same calendar day every year, whereas movable feasts change each year. The moveable feasts are generally relative to Pascha ( Easter ), and so the cycle of moveable feasts is referred to as the Paschal cycle . The following list of dates links only to fixed feasts of the Orthodox Church . These are the fixed dates ; the particular day on which that date is observed differs depending upon whether one follows

1404-407: The thing recorded, menology is sometimes used as a synonym to mean the menologium itself. More rarely, menologe is as well, borrowed from French ménologe . The ancient Roman farming menologia ( Latin : menologia rustica ) were given their name by Theodor Mommsen in the first volume of the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum , date from the imperial period , and seem to derive from

1443-449: The three verses of Revelation beginning " Post hæc vidi turbam magnam ..." Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches de jure : Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches: Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church: Semi-Autonomous: The Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar describes and dictates

1482-467: The three verses of Revelation beginning " Post hæc vidi turbam magnam ..." menologium#Latin A menologium ( / m ɛ n ə ˈ l oʊ dʒ i ə m / , pl. menologia ), also known by other names , is any collection of information arranged according to the days of a month , usually a set of such collections for all the months of the year . In particular, it is used for ancient Roman farmers' almanacs ( menologia rustica ); for

1521-792: The untitled Old English poem on the Julian calendar that appears in a manuscript of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ; for the liturgical books (also known as the menaia ) used by the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine Rite that list the propers for fixed dates , typically in twelve volumes covering a month each and largely concerned with saints ; for hagiographies (also known as synaxaria ) and liturgical calendars written as part of this tradition; and for equivalents of these works among Roman Catholic religious orders for organized but private commemoration of their notable members. Menologium

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