Quantum Information Science is a field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics with information theory to study the processing, analysis, and transmission of information. It covers both theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum physics, including the limits of what can be achieved with quantum information . The term quantum information theory is sometimes used, but it does not include experimental research and can be confused with a subfield of quantum information science that deals with the processing of quantum information.
5-464: The Micius Quantum Prize is awarded every year since 2018 "for promoting the quantum information science and technology research". The recipients are awarded one million Chinese yuan (about 150,000 US dollars) and a gold medal. The prize is awarded by the Micius quantum foundation , which was established thanks to donations (with a sum of 100 million Chinese yuan) from private entrepreneurs. Chair of
10-566: The 2010s. Currently, it is possible to create a quantum computer with over 100 qubits , but the error rate is high due to the lack of suitable materials for quantum computer manufacturing. Majorana fermions may be a crucial missing material. Quantum cryptography devices are now available for commercial use. The one time pad , a cipher used by spies during the Cold War , uses a sequence of random keys for encryption. These keys can be securely exchanged using quantum entangled particle pairs, as
15-440: The number of skills that can be carried over from traditional programming. Quantum algorithm and quantum complexity theory are two of the subjects in algorithms and computational complexity theory . In 1994, mathematician Peter Shor introduced a quantum algorithm for prime factorization that, with a quantum computer containing 4,000 logical qubits , could potentially break widely used ciphers like RSA and ECC , posing
20-587: The principles of the no-cloning theorem and wave function collapse ensure the secure exchange of the random keys. The development of devices that can transmit quantum entangled particles is a significant scientific and engineering goal. Qiskit , Cirq and Q Sharp are popular quantum programming languages. Additional programming languages for quantum computers are needed, as well as a larger community of competent quantum programmers. To this end, additional learning resources are needed, since there are many fundamental differences in quantum programming which limits
25-741: The selection committee is Chunli Bai , the president of the Chinese Academy of Science . The prize is named after Mozi , an ancient Chinese philosopher (~400 B.C) who founded the school of Mohism during the Hundred Schools of Thought period. Quantum information science Quantum teleportation , entanglement and the manufacturing of quantum computers depend on a comprehensive understanding of quantum physics and engineering. Google and IBM have invested significantly in quantum computer hardware research, leading to significant progress in manufacturing quantum computers since
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