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43-470: [REDACTED] Look up midterm in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Midterm can refer to: Midterm election Midterm exam Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Midterm . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

86-507: A "midterm election" appears as one third through the term of one class and two thirds through the other, while still midway the term of a president. In addition to federal legislative bodies, governors of 36 states and three territories are also up for election during a midterm election. Meanwhile, although the Philippines and Liberia also conduct midterm elections, not all seats in the legislative bodies with elections are contested in

129-602: A European party may buy unlimited advertising airtime in Estonia, while it is barred from any form of paid advertising in Sweden. Ahead of the 2014 European elections, European political parties decided to put forward candidates for President of the European Commission , also known as "Spitzenkandidaten" or "lead candidates". Each lead candidate led the pan-European campaign of its European party. Even though there

172-742: A greater say on who is elected President of the European Commission , suggesting this could be achieved either by the direct election of the Commission President or by a lead candidate system . The third Delors Commission had a short mandate, to bring the terms of the Commission in line with that of the Parliament. Under the European Constitution the European Council would have to take into account

215-484: A problem in legitimacy and that, despite having the same legitimacy as Prime Ministers in theory, in practice it was not the case. The low turnout creates a problem for the President's legitimacy, with the lack of a "European political sphere", but analysis claim that if citizens were voting for a list of candidates for the post of president, turn out would be much higher than that seen in recent years. The President of

258-485: A single cycle. This means the winners of such elections take office in their respective legislative bodies that conduct such elections midway through the term of half of the other members, hence for the members who were not up for election, the incoming members take office midway through their terms. This is especially the case in the Philippine Senate, when there are elections every three years to fill half of

301-537: Is also referred to by some experts as the "punishment traps", wherein voters use the European Parliament elections and other European integration referendums as punishment for governments on account of bad economic performance. There is also a study that showed how voters tend to choose candidates of a party at the European level if it has a history of advancing specific issues that they care about. This

344-430: Is formed as a result of European elections, long-term coalitions no do exist. European parties have the exclusive right to campaign for the European elections; their parliamentary groups are strictly forbidden to campaign and to spend funds on any campaign-related activity. Campaign activities differ per member state since national elections for European Parliament representatives are governed by national law. For instance,

387-675: Is no legal obligation on the European Council to propose the lead candidate of the strongest party to the European Parliament as its nominee for President of the Commission, it was assumed that the Council would accept voters' decision. Indeed, following the victory of the European People's Party (EPP) in the 2014 European elections, its lead candidate Jean-Claude Juncker was nominated by the Council and later approved by

430-475: Is no precise formula for the apportionment of seats among member states. No change in this configuration can occur without the unanimous consent of all governments. Italicised countries are divided into sub-national constituencies , except France which changed to full-country voting in 2019. There is no uniform voting system for the election of MEPs; rather, each member state is free to choose its own system, subject to certain restrictions: Most of

473-678: Is related to the second theory that explains voter behavior and it involves the so-called attitude voting in which voters are assumed to be acting on the basis of their attitude towards the European integration. This is analogous to the American two-party system in the sense that voting on issues and legislation in the Parliament only requires a yes or no vote, which means voters vote for options or candidates that are close to their ideals. Turnout had constantly fallen in every EU election from 1979 until 2014. The 2019 election, however, saw turnout increase to its highest level since 1994, at 51%. In 2009,

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516-729: The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union . In addition, the right to vote is included in Articles 20(1) and 22(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union . To this extent all EU countries keep electoral registers containing the names of all eligible voters in the specific region, to which eligible newcomers to the area can apply at any time to have their names added. EU citizens are then eligible to vote for

559-763: The Conference on the Future of Europe includes more than 320 proposed measures to reform the European Union. It proposes amending EU electoral law to harmonise electoral conditions (voting age, election date, requirements for electoral districts, candidates, political parties and their financing) for the European Parliament elections, as well as moving towards voting for Union-wide lists, or 'transnational lists', with candidates from multiple member states. It also recommends facilitating digital voting possibilities and guaranteeing effective voting rights for persons with disabilities. The report states that European citizens should have

602-601: The EPP Group and S&D , along with national parties not members of the European parties but represented in the European Parliament. There are numerous other European parties and groups, spanning the entire political spectrum. Sometimes, two or more European parties sit in the same group, such as members of the European Green Party and of the European Free Alliance sitting together in

645-451: The European Council being only indirectly legitimated through national elections. While European political parties have the right to campaign EU-wide for the European elections, campaigns still take place through national election campaigns, advertising national delegates from national parties. The election days are 4 consecutive days, from Thursday to Sunday, between April 7th and July 10th. The latest election took place in 2024 and

688-600: The European Court of Justice held that member states are permitted to extend the franchise to non-EU citizens. Every EU citizen residing in an EU country of which they are not a national has the right to vote and to stand as a candidate in European Parliamentary elections in their country of residence, under the same conditions as nationals of that country – this right is enshrined in Article 39 of

731-400: The European People's Party did select Barroso as their candidate and, as the largest party, Barroso's term was renewed. The Socialists, disappointed at the 2009 election, agreed to put forward a candidate for Commission President at all subsequent elections. There is a campaign within that party to have open primaries for said candidate. In February 2008, President Barroso admitted there was

774-500: The Greens–European Free Alliance group. Members of the European Parliament who are not members of a parliamentary group are known as non-inscrits . A 1980 analysis by Karlheinz Reif and Hermann Schmitt concluded that European elections were fought on national issues and used by voters to punish their governments mid-term, making European Parliament elections de facto national elections of second rank. This phenomenon

817-401: The Treaty of Lisbon , which came into force in 2009. There are plans to strengthen the European political parties in order for them to propose candidates for the 2009 election. The European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party have already indicated, in their October 2007 congress, their intention for forward a candidate for the post as part of a common campaign. They failed to do so however

860-650: The 24 seats for a six-year term. While the House of Councillors of Japan uses a staggered election , there are no fixed terms to compare with as the House of Representatives has a variable term, and the position of the emperor is hereditary. Despite the fact that the Prime Minister of Japan is elected by the House of Representatives, the Prime Minister usually would take the responsibilities following

903-619: The European Council selected a candidate from the political party that won that year's election . However at that time only one party had run with a specific candidate: the European Green Party , who had the first true pan-European political party with a common campaign, put forward Daniel Cohn-Bendit . However the fractious nature of the other political parties led to no other candidates, the People's Party only mentioned four or five people they'd like to be president. The Constitution failed ratification but these amendments have been carried over to

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946-509: The European Parliament Jerzy Buzek proposed in 2010 that Commissioners be directly elected, by member states placing their candidate at the top of their voting lists in European elections. That would give them individually, and the body as a whole, a democratic mandate. Each Member State has different rules determining who can vote for and run as the European Parliamentary candidates. In Spain v United Kingdom ,

989-487: The European Parliament in the seats each time allocated to Greece shall be effected by direct, universal and secret ballot by the citizens entitled to vote in accordance with the provisions of Articles 4, 5 and 6 of the Presidential Decree. 26/2012 'Codification in a single text of the provisions of the legislation on the election of Members' (A 57). The citizens of other Member States of the European Union have

1032-478: The European Parliament. However, following the 2019 European elections, the Council nominated Ursula von der Leyen instead of the EPP's lead candidate, Manfred Weber ; the European Parliament later approved this nomination. The two largest European political parties are the centre-right European People's Party and the centre-left Party of European Socialists (PES). They also form the two largest parliamentary groups,

1075-509: The House of Councillors election results, include resignation or cabinet reshuffle . Conversely, in Cyprus , while the House of Representatives is elected for a fixed term of five years, and renewed entirely in each election, House elections are scheduled to be held in the middle of the President 's own five-year term. The results of such a midterm election serve as a measuring stick to

1118-460: The Portuguese citizen qualifies to vote in three EU member states, they are only permitted to cast one vote in one of the member states. Opinion polling for EU Parliament elections is less common than for national parliament elections, and no polls are available on the aggregate level. Europe Elects introduced a monthly seat projection based on publicly available polling data in 2014. This

1161-427: The President of the European Commission is elected by the European Parliament ( parliamentary system ), giving the European Parliament elections considerable weight. Some, such as former President of the European Parliament, Pat Cox , have also noted that turnout in the 1999 election was higher than the previous US presidential election . German MEP Jo Leinen has suggested that EU parties name their top candidate for

1204-637: The United States are the Senate (which serves six-year terms) and House of Representatives (two year-terms). The Senate has one third of its members up for election every two years while the House has all its membership up for election every two years. Regarding elections to the United States Congress , the point of reference is the president's term. There are three classes of United States senators ; each election replaces one class, hence

1247-515: The candidates on the regional lists based on the number of votes from each region towards the party's nationwide total, awarded proportionally to the regions. These subdivisions are not strictly constituencies, as they do not affect how many seats each party is awarded, but are districts that the members represent once elected. The number of members for each region is decided dynamically after the election, and depends on voter turnout in each region. A region with high turnout will result in more votes for

1290-534: The duration of their stay in that country. It is therefore possible for a person to have the choice of voting in more than one EU member state. For example, a Portuguese citizen who studies at university in France and lives at home outside term-time in the family home in the Netherlands has the option of voting in the European Parliamentary election in France, Portugal or the Netherlands. In this scenario, although

1333-403: The governing party is outside of a national parliamentary election year, they are not necessarily held at the exact midpoint between scheduled national parliamentary or presidential elections. European Parliamentary elections Elections to the European Parliament take place every five years by universal adult suffrage ; with more than 400 million people eligible to vote, they are

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1376-503: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Midterm&oldid=1213738931 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Midterm election In the United States, the president and vice president are elected every four years in indirect ( electoral college ) presidential elections. The legislative bodies of

1419-410: The member states of the European Union elect their MEPs with a single constituency covering the entire state, using party-list proportional representation . There is however a great variety of electoral procedures: some countries use a highest averages method of proportional representation, some use the largest remainder method , some open lists and others closed. In addition, the method of calculating

1462-402: The next election will take place in 2029 . The allocation of seats to each member state is based on the principle of degressive proportionality , so that, while the size of the population of each country is taken into account, smaller states elect more MEPs than is proportional to their populations. As the numbers of MEPs to be elected by each country have arisen from treaty negotiations, there

1505-543: The overall turnout was at 43%, down from 45.5% in 2004. In Britain the turnout was just 34.3%, down from 38% in 2004. Despite falling below 50% between 1999 and 2014, turnout was not as low as that of the US Midterm elections , which usually falls below 40%. However, the comparison with the US voter turnout is hampered due to the fact that the US president is elected in separate and direct elections ( presidential system ), whereas

1548-404: The parties there, which will result in a greater number of MEPs elected for that region. The European Union has a multi-party system involving a number of ideologically diverse European political parties . As no single European party has ever gained power alone, their affiliated parliamentary groups in the European Parliament work together to pass legislation. Since no pan-European government

1591-420: The popularity of the incumbent executive, although in the United States the governing party has suffered election defeats for most of the time. In European countries where parliamentary systems of government are prevalent, midterms do not always exist in the strictest sense. In such a case, although local, regional, and European Parliamentary elections are often considered a proxy measuring stick for how popular

1634-812: The position of President of the European Commission in order to increase turnout. This happened for the 2014 election, with EPP candidate Jean Claude Juncker ultimately selected, after the EPP won the most seats overall. Historical percentage (of seats) results in union-wide elections of the three major groups by region. Legend:      Socialist ( PES / S&D ) –    Liberal ( ELDR / ALDE ) –    People's ( EPP / EPP-ED ) 1981: Greece 1987: Spain , Portugal 1995: Sweden 1996: Austria , Finland 2007: Bulgaria , Romania 2013: Croatia 1979: London South West 1987: Midlands West 1988: Hampshire Central 1996: Merseyside West 1998: Yorkshire South , North East Scotland The final report of

1677-433: The quota and the election threshold vary from country to country. Countries with multiple constituencies are: Germany , Italy and Poland use a different system, whereby parties are awarded seats based on their nationwide vote as in all of the states that elect members from a single constituency ; these seats are given to the candidates on regional lists. With the number of seats for each party known, these are given to

1720-414: The results of the latest European elections and, furthermore, the Parliament would ceremonially "elect", rather than simply approve, the council's proposed candidate. This was taken as the parliament's cue to have its parties run with candidates for the President of the European Commission with the candidate of the winning party being proposed by the council. This was partly put into practice in 2004 when

1763-568: The right to vote, as provided for in Law 2196/1994 (A 41). Exercise of the right to vote is compulsory. Το δικαίωμα του εκλέγειν έχουν οι πολίτες Έλληνες και Ελληνίδες που συμπλήρωσαν το δέκατο όγδοο έτος της ηλικίας τους. Greek citizens who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote." Η παρ. 1 του άρθρου 4 του Π.δ. 26/2012 (Α ́57) αντι-καθίσταται ως εξής: «1. Το δικαίωμα του εκλέγειν έχουν οι πολίτες Έλλη-νες και Ελληνίδες που συμπλήρωσαν το δέκατο έβδομο (17ο) έτος της ηλικίας τους». Article 1 (1) of

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1806-639: The second largest democratic elections in the world after India's . Until 2019, 751 MEPs were elected to the European Parliament , which has been directly elected since 1979 . Since the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU in 2020, the number of MEPs, including the president , has been 705. No other EU institution is directly elected, with the Council of the European Union and

1849-665: Was complemented in 2019 by a popular vote projection based on EU parliament groups. Η εκλογή των μελών του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου στις έδρες που κάθε φορά αναλογούν στην Ελλάδα, διενεργείται με άμεση, καθολική και μυστική ψηφοφορία από τους πολίτες που έχουν το δικαίωμα του εκλέγειν, σύμφωνα με τις διατάξεις των άρθρων 4, 5 και 6 του π.δ. 26/2012 «Κωδικοποίηση σε ενιαίο κείμενο των διατάξεων της νομοθεσίας για την εκλογή βουλευτών» (Α΄ 57). Το δικαίωμα του εκλέγειν έχουν και οι πολίτες των λοιπών κρατών − μελών της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης κατά τα οριζόμενα στο ν. 2196/1994 (Α΄ 41). Η άσκηση του εκλογικού δικαιώματος είναι υποχρεωτική. Election of Members of

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