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112-453: Millbrae is a city located in northern San Mateo County , California , United States. To the northeast is San Francisco International Airport ; San Bruno is to the northwest, and Burlingame is to the southeast. It is bordered by San Andreas Lake to the southwest. The population was 23,216 at the 2020 census . The oral tradition of the Ohlone people suggests they have been living in

224-658: A Jesuit expansion into California was funded and the Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó was established that same year. Plans in 1715 by Juan Manuel de Oliván Rebolledo resulted in a 1716 decree for extension of the conquest (of Baja California) which came to nothing. Juan Bautista de Anssa proposed an expedition from Sonora in 1737 and the Council of the Indies planned settlements in 1744, although these plans did not take action. Don Fernando Sánchez Salvador researched

336-488: A green belt in the center of the city that is the home of many animals, such as the red-tail fox , that otherwise would not be able to survive in the urban setting. It also may be the only area of the city where natural creeks still flow overground. In 1931, citizens organized a volunteer fire department , which remained entirely volunteer until 1938. The police and fire departments were housed together for several years at Hillcrest Boulevard and El Camino Real before

448-435: A republican government in 1824, Alta California, like many northern territories, was not recognized as one of the constituent States of Mexico because of its small population. The 1824 Constitution of Mexico refers to Alta California as a "territory". Resentment was increasing toward appointed territorial governors sent from Mexico City, who came with little knowledge of local conditions and concerns. Laws were imposed by

560-475: A ceasefire was arranged. After an unsettled period, Alvarado agreed to support the 1839 constitution, and Mexico City appointed him to serve as governor from 1837 to 1842. Other Californio governors followed, including Carlos Antonio Carrillo , and Pío Pico . The last non-Californian governor, Manuel Micheltorena , was driven out after another rebellion in 1845. Micheltorena was replaced by Pío Pico, last Mexican governor of California , who served until 1846 when

672-528: A decade before voting to incorporate. Finally, on January 14, 1948, residents of Millbrae traveled to Sacramento to present their new city's charter . W.F. Leutenegger was elected mayor to represent Millbrae's nearly 8,000 residents. That year, Green Hills Elementary School opened as Millbrae's first new school in over 25 years, in anticipation of the educational needs of the post-war " baby boom " children. The new city's chief industries were agriculture , floriculture , dairy , and porcelain manufacturing . In

784-610: A petition to the governor in 1782 which stated that the Mission Indians owned both the land and cattle and represented the Ohlone against the Spanish settlers in nearby San José. The priests reported that Indians' crops were being damaged by the pueblo settlers' livestock and that the settlers' livestock was also "getting mixed up with the livestock belonging to the Indians from the mission" causing losses. They advocated that

896-539: A political party preference. Every city, town, and unincorporated area of San Mateo County has more registered Democrats than Republicans. On November 4, 2008, San Mateo County voted 61.8% against Proposition 8 , which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages. The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense . A July 2013 Wall Street Journal article identified

1008-485: A political party. Millbrae has 5 city council members, one of which is the mayor, and another the vice mayor. City council members serve 4 year terms; the mayor and vice mayor are elected by the council and serve 1 year terms. Prior to 2022, residents of the city voted for city council members at-large, however in 2022 Millbrae switched from at-large to district city council elections. The city has generally allowed each city council member to serve as mayor and vice mayor, and

1120-542: A private, forested property near Pescadero, on the San Mateo County Coast, where it was photographed by a motion-activated wildlife camera. Harold Heath, professor emeritus, of Stanford University was responsible for the 1904 sighting, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the university campus. Pumas ( Puma concolor ), also known as cougars or mountain lions, roam the county. Tule elk ( Cervus canadensis nannodes ) were native to San Mateo County and among

1232-498: A reputation for having good schools in the San Francisco Bay Area and in the state of California, despite enduring years of state budget cuts. Millbrae School District (MSD) oversees four public elementary schools including Meadows, Green Hills, Lomita Park, and Spring Valley and one middle school, Taylor Middle School . MSD is state-funded and does not receive local property taxes, and has endured budget cuts from

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1344-581: A settlement, an arroyo , a headland jutting into the Pacific ( Point Montara ), and a large land holding ( Rancho San Mateo ). Until about 1850, the name appeared as San Matheo . The Japanese first arrived in San Mateo County and were part of a group guided by Ambassador Tomomi Iwakura in 1872. A number of male Japanese students came to San Mateo to learn English and many other helpful skills to bring back to Japan. These students were also some of

1456-801: Is Mexican, 2.7% Salvadoran, 1.2% Guatemalan, 1.2% Nicaraguan, 0.7% Peruvian, 0.6% Puerto Rican, 0.2% Colombian, and 0.2% Cuban. As of the census of 2009, there were 714,936 people, 258,648 households, and 174,582 families residing in the county. The population density was 2,753 people per square mile (1,063 people/km ). There were 284,471 housing units at an average density of 789 units per square mile (305 units/km ). 7.4% were of Italian , 7.1% Irish , 7.0% German and 5.3% English ancestry according to Census 2000 . 46.9% spoke English , 28.4% Spanish , 6.2% Tagalog , 4.0% Chinese or Mandarin and 1.1% Cantonese , and other language 4.2%, as their first language from estimate census 2009. There were 258,648 households, out of which 30% had children under

1568-431: Is a residential school that teaches major concepts of ecology via exploration of forest, pond, garden, tidepool , wetland , and sandy shore habitats . The center's mascot is the banana slug , a large yellow gastropod . The school uses songs from the famous Banana Slug String Band . They include: Offering secondary (6–12) education: There are three community colleges in San Mateo County, all of which belong to

1680-569: Is also connected to Oakland International Airport through BART and San Jose International Airport through Caltrain and the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority's light rail and buses. Millbrae's economy is driven in part by its proximity to the city of San Francisco and its airport, SFO . The city hosts several hotels along El Camino Real , and near its bayshore park, just south of SFO. Downtown Millbrae, between El Camino and Broadway Avenue,

1792-553: Is also served by the local Catholic diocese and many other private parochial and secular schools. The San Mateo County Board of Education oversees early education, special education, and the court and community schools program in the county, as well as serves as an appeal board for the adjudication of expulsion appeals, interdistrict attendance appeals, and charter schools. Some students in San Mateo County's public schools attend outdoor education in La Honda . San Mateo Outdoor Education

1904-535: Is also the only planned California High-Speed Rail stop between San Francisco and San José. Residents are employed in various industries throughout the Bay Area and children attend one of four public elementary schools , a middle school , or private schools . Millbrae has Sister City relationships with La Serena, Chile ; Hanyu, Japan; and Mosta, Malta . Millbrae has a total area of 3.26 sq mi (8.4 km), of which 3.25 sq mi (8.4 km)

2016-510: Is land and 0.01 sq mi (0.0 km), comprising 0.36%, is water. According to the National Weather Service , Millbrae enjoys a typical Mediterranean climate featuring cool, wet winters and dry, mild summers. Night and morning fog are common during the summer months. Frequent, westerly sea breezes keep temperatures relatively mild throughout the year with highs in the mid-to-upper fifties (~15 °C) and lows in

2128-477: Is lined with small shops and restaurants that reflect the city's diversity, and Millbrae Square features several larger retailers. According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: Millbrae has three sister cities , as designated by Sister Cities International : San Mateo County, California San Mateo County ( / ˌ s æ n m ə ˈ t eɪ . oʊ / SAN mə- TAY -oh ), officially

2240-599: Is split between three legislative districts: In the California State Senate , San Mateo is split between the 11th and 13th districts, represented by Scott Wiener and Josh Becker , respectively. The California Secretary of State, as of February 2019, reports that San Mateo County has 404,958 registered voters. Of those voters, 202,341 (50%) are registered Democratic, 60,045 (14.3%) are registered Republican, 15,834 (3.9%) are registered with other political parties, and 126,738 (31.3%) declined to state

2352-699: Is substituted by All Nighter bus service , split between SamTrans routes 397 (replacing Caltrain between San Francisco and Palo Alto via SFO) and ECR Owl (replacing BART between Daly City and SFO). San Francisco International Airport is geographically located in San Mateo County, east of Highway 101 near San Bruno and Millbrae , but it is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco . San Mateo County owns two general aviation airports: Half Moon Bay Airport and San Carlos Airport . The only deepwater port in South San Francisco Bay

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2464-572: Is the Port of Redwood City , situated along Redwood Creek , originally created as a lumber embarcadero in 1850. The San Mateo Harbor Harbor District manages the Pillar Point Harbor (on the Pacific coast side) and Oyster Point Marina (on San Francisco Bay). Alta California The territory included all of the present-day U.S. states of California , Nevada , and Utah , and parts of Arizona , Wyoming , and Colorado . The territory

2576-861: Is today Millbrae, though the expedition did not see the Golden Gate or the San Francisco Bay , likely due to the San Francisco fog. The Ohlone people may have met this expedition as they explored the Monterey Bay , about 50 miles southeast of Millbrae. In 1595, Philip II of Spain tasked Sebastião Rodrigues Soromenho with mapping the west coast of the Americas. Soromenho set sail on Manila Galleon San Agustin on July 5, 1595, and in early November they reached land between Point St. George and Trinidad Head . The expedition followed

2688-471: The 2010 census Millbrae had a population of 21,532. The population density was 6,608.5 inhabitants per square mile (2,551.6/km). The racial makeup of Millbrae was 10,177 (47.3%) White, 179 (0.8%) African American, 33 (0.2%) Native American, 9,205 (42.8%) Asian, 214 (1.0%) Pacific Islander, 776 (3.6%) from other races, and 948 (4.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,555 persons (11.9%). The census reported that 21,217 people (98.5% of

2800-735: The 21st Assembly District , represented by Democrat Diane Papan . In the United States House of Representatives , Millbrae is in California's 15th congressional district , represented by Democrat Kevin Mullin . According to the California Secretary of State , as of February 10, 2019, Millbrae has 12,850 registered voters. Of those, 5,733 (44.6%) are registered Democrats , 2,049 (16%) are registered Republicans , and 4,584 (35.7%) have declined to state

2912-647: The Bay Area for thousands of years. Anthropological evidence suggests Ohlone ethnogenesis occurred around 700 CE following a wave of migration from the Central Valley . The local Ohlone people are today called the Ramaytush Ohlone ; however, this name is a linguistic designation that arose relatively recently. Prior to colonization, the Ohlone did not operate as a single consolidated unit; they identified more with their local tribe and village than with

3024-549: The County of San Mateo , is a county in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2020 census , the population was 764,442. Redwood City is the county seat , the third-most populated city in the county after Daly City and San Mateo . San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA MSA ( metropolitan statistical area ), Silicon Valley , and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area ,

3136-523: The Facebook initial public offering (IPO) as the cause of a change in the U.S.' national economic statistics, as San Mateo County—the home of the company—became the top wage-earning county in the country after the fourth quarter of 2012. The article revealed that the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the average weekly wage in the county was $ 3,240, which is 107% higher than the previous year: "That's

3248-672: The Franciscan friar Junípero Serra and Gaspar de Portolá in San Diego in 1769. Similar to the site of this mission, subsequent missions and presidios were often founded at the site of Indigenous villages. Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was founded at the Tongva village Toviscanga and the Pueblo de Los Ángeles at the village of Yaanga . The first settlers of Los Angeles were African and mulatto Catholics, including at least ten of

3360-662: The Mexican–American War , and California became the 31st state in of the United States in 1850. In the 1860s, Darius Ogden Mills purchased a portion of Rancho Buri Buri from José de la Cruz Sánchez to build a country estate. In 1872, members of the Sánchez family built the original Sixteen Mile House, a historical restaurant and rest stop near the Mills estate, and direct link to Millbrae's early days. The Mills estate

3472-416: The Ohlone people were living in the Bay Area prior to the 1500s. The Spanish empire claimed much of what is now the United States during the early period of Spanish colonization of the Americas . In 1535, the empire established kingdom of New Spain which inherited the empire's claims to much of what is now the western United States. In 1542, Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo explored the Pacific coast near what

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3584-846: The Palo Alto Transit Center in Santa Clara County and Salesforce Transit Center in San Francisco. Approximately 2 ⁄ 3 of all SamTrans bus routes travel along El Camino Real , and route ECR, the primary bus route on El Camino, carries approximately 25% of SamTrans ridership. Each Caltrain and BART station has connections to SamTrans routes. In addition, Daly City station is served by SF Muni bus routes. There are many free shuttles that operate from Caltrain, BART, and Ferry stations along fixed routes to local employers during weekday commuting hours (6–10 AM and 3–7 PM). Overnight rail service

3696-533: The Presidio of San Diego at the site of the Kumeyaay village of Kosa'aay , which became the first European settlement in the present state of California. At first contact, the villagers provided food and water for the expedition, who were suffering from scurvy and water deprivation . The first Alta California mission was founded that same year adjacent to the village Mission San Diego de Alcalá , founded by

3808-693: The San Francisco Bay estuarine shoreline, San Bruno Mountain , Fitzgerald Marine Reserve and the forests on the Montara Mountain block. Several creeks discharge to the San Francisco Bay, including San Mateo Creek and Laurel Creek, and several coastal streams discharge to the Pacific Ocean , such as Frenchmans Creek and San Vicente Creek . Año Nuevo State Marine Conservation Area and Greyhound Rock State Marine Conservation Area are two adjoining marine protected areas off

3920-569: The San Mateo County Community College District : Caltrain , the commuter rail system, connects ten cities in the county with San Francisco (to the north) and San Jose / Gilroy (to the south), running between the Highway 101 and El Camino Real corridors for most of the way. There are 13 stations in San Mateo County , of which 12 have daily service; the ten cities with stations stretch from Brisbane on

4032-484: The nation at large. The several local tribes that lived in the area prior to colonization coalesced into the modern Ramaytush people following the precipitous decline of their population in the 1800s. The closest villages to what is now Millbrae were located by the banks of San Bruno Creek , and they are known as Urebure and Siplichiquin . A third nearby village—whose original name is unknown—is called CA-SMA-299 . Anthropological evidence and oral tradition indicate

4144-529: The "favored foods" of the Ohlone people based on ethnohistoric and archeological evidence there. The discovery of two elk specimens made news in 1962, one a royal elk (royal elk bulls have six tines per antler) from a peat bog excavated in Pacifica's historic Laguna Alta, and now in the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology collection. These may date from the time of Spanish settlement. Laguna Alta lay just south of

4256-596: The 1768 naval expedition of Pyotr Krenitsyn and Mikhail Levashov alarmed the Spanish government and served to justify Gálvez's vision. The Portolá expedition was the first European land-entry expedition into the area that is now California. The missionaries and soldiers encountered numerous Indigenous peoples of the area , who became the primary subjects of the expanding Jesuit and Franciscan missions that were already established in Baja California and Baja California Sur . The expedition first established

4368-460: The 1769 Portola expedition first established a military/civil government, and the local political structures were unchanged. The friction came to a head in 1836, when Monterey-born Juan Bautista Alvarado led a revolt against the 1836 constitution, seizing control of Monterey from Nicolás Gutiérrez . Alvarado's actions nearly led to a civil war with loyalist forces based in Los Angeles, but

4480-569: The 1950s was gambling defeated. In the 1940s, a hilltop was shaved away to produce landfill for the expanding San Francisco Airport , which received an " international " designation in 1954 with the completion of the Central Terminal. Spurred largely by the desire to secure the Mills estate for residential use and by the efforts of Millbrae's weekly newspaper, the Millbrae Sun , residents heatedly discussed incorporation for over

4592-558: The 1950s, Millbrae residents united to resist efforts to divide the city by the planned Junipero Serra Freeway (I-280), which was later routed parallel to Junipero Serra Boulevard, then through a canyon in San Bruno up to Skyline Boulevard. The streetcar line that connected Millbrae with San Francisco and San Mateo was dismantled just after Millbrae's incorporation in 1948, leaving the Southern Pacific Railroad as

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4704-554: The Board of Supervisors will cease to be elected by an at-large vote of all the voters in the county, but is instead elected only by the voters of his or her district. San Mateo County is split between California's 15th and 16th congressional districts, represented by Kevin Mullin ( D – South San Francisco ) and Anna Eshoo ( D – Atherton ), respectively. In the California State Assembly , San Mateo County

4816-674: The Californios. In 1846, following reports of the annexation of Texas to the United States, American settlers in inland Northern California took up arms, captured the Mexican garrison town of Sonoma, and declared independence there as the California Republic . At the same time, the United States and Mexico had gone to war, and forces of the United States Navy entered into Alta California and took possession of

4928-556: The Golden Gate, arriving at Puerto de Chacala, Mexico on January 17, 1596. In 1601, New Spain tasked Sebastián Vizcaíno with mapping the California coastline in detail and locating safe harbors in Alta California for Manila Galleons to use on their return voyage to Acapulco from Manila . In 1602, members of Vizcaíno's expedition explored as far north as Coos Bay , however like previous expeditions, they missed

5040-487: The Golden Gate. Little came of this expedition. For the next century and a half, Alta California remained a distant frontier land, largely outside of the kingdom's control, despite its claims. Anthropological evidence and oral tradition indicate the Ohlone people were living in the Bay Area throughout this time. The San Francisco Bay may have been explored and mapped in the early 1700s. José Cabrera Bueno's 1734 Navegación Espéculativa y Práctica describe it with

5152-537: The Great Basin , and the Pueblo peoples in the establishment of Alta California. Evidence of Alta California remains in the numerous Spanish place names of American cities such as Las Vegas , Los Angeles , Sacramento , San Bernardino , San Diego , San Francisco , San Jose , Santa Ana , and Santa Rosa . Father Eusebio Kino missionized the Pimería Alta from 1687 until his death in 1711. In 1697,

5264-604: The Indigenous people be allowed to own property and have the right to defend it. In 1804, due to the growth of the Spanish population in new northern settlements, the province of Las Californias was divided just south of San Diego, following mission president Francisco Palóu's division between the Dominican and Franciscan jurisdictions. Governor Diego de Borica is credited with defining the border between Alta (upper) and Baja (lower) California 's as Palóu's division , while

5376-852: The Interstate 280 and Skyline Boulevard intersection, east of Mussel Rock. The California Academy of Sciences also has an elk skull fragment collected one mile inland from the mouth of Purisima Creek in 1951. Additional coastal elk remains dating from the Middle and Late Periods in Northern California were found in at least five more late Holocene archeological sites in San Mateo County: SMA-115 ( Montara State Beach site), SMA-118 ( Bean Hollow State Beach site), SMA-244 ( Butano Ridge site), SMA-97 ( Año Nuevo Creek site) and SMA-218 (Año Nuevo State Reserve site). On

5488-544: The Pacific Ocean, and named Redwood City as the county seat. San Mateo County then annexed part of northern Santa Cruz County in March 1868, including Pescadero and Pigeon Point . Although the formation bill named Redwood City the county seat, a May 1856 election marked by "unblushing frauds perpetuated on an unorganized and wholly unprotected community by thugs and ballot stuffers from San Francisco" named Belmont

5600-630: The U.S. military occupation began. In the final decades of Mexican rule, American and European immigrants arrived and settled in the former Alta California. Those in Southern California mainly settled in and around the established coastal settlements and tended to intermarry with the Californios. In Northern California, they mainly formed new settlements further inland, especially in the Sacramento Valley , and these immigrants focused on fur-trapping and farming and kept apart from

5712-425: The United States and Spain, established the northern limit of Alta California at latitude 42°N, which remains the boundary between the states of California, Nevada and Utah (to the south) and Oregon and Idaho (to the north) to this day. Mexico won independence in 1821, and Alta California became a territory of Mexico the next year. Mexico gained independence from Spain on August 24, 1821, upon conclusion of

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5824-459: The age of 18, 15.9% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 21% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 69,306, and the median income for a family was $ 77,737. Males had a median income of $ 48,342 versus $ 45,383 for females. The per capita income for

5936-405: The age of 18, 48.6% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.79 and the average family size was 4.44. In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under

6048-543: The age of two. The precolonial Indigenous population of California is estimated to have numbered around 340,000 people, who were diverse culturally and linguistically. From 1769–1832, at least 87,787 baptisms and 63,789 deaths of Indigenous peoples occurred, demonstrating the immense death rate at the missions in Alta California. Conversion to Christianity at the colonial missions was often resisted by Indigenous peoples in Alta California. Many missionaries in

6160-479: The beginning. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 741 square miles (1,920 km ), of which 448 square miles (1,160 km ) is land and 293 square miles (760 km ) (40%) is water. It is the third-smallest county in California by land area. A number of bayside watercourses drain the eastern part of the county including San Bruno Creek and Colma Creek . Streams draining

6272-592: The bulk of the land going to the Paul W. Trousdale Construction Company in 1953 and eventually becoming the location for Mills High School , Spring Valley Elementary School, and Peninsula Hospital . An unsuccessful effort to save the original Sixteen Mile House in the 1970s led to the birth of the Millbrae Historical Society and eventual successful crusades to save the Millbrae train station and

6384-603: The center of the city and serves downtown. Millbrae station serves as a major transit hub for the Peninsula , connecting the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), Caltrain , and SamTrans networks. It is the terminus for BART's Red and Yellow lines and is the only place where BART lines directly connect to Caltrain. San Francisco International Airport is adjacent to the city and is directly accessible to Millbrae through both BART and road. However, Millbrae

6496-628: The central government without much consideration of local conditions, such as the Mexican secularization act of 1833 , causing friction between governors and the people. In 1836, Mexico repealed the 1824 federalist constitution and adopted a more centralist political organization (under the " Seven Laws ") that reunited Alta and Baja California in a single California Department ( Departamento de las Californias ). The change, however, had little practical effect in far-off Alta California. The capital of Alta California remained Monterey, as it had been since

6608-553: The cities of Belmont and San Mateo . The endangered wildflower Hickman's potentilla is found near the Pacific Ocean on the lower slopes of Montara Mountain . The endangered wildflowers White-rayed pentachaeta , Pentachaeta bellidiflora , San Mateo Woolly Sunflower , Eriophyllum latilobum , Marin Dwarf Flax , Hesperolinon congestum and the San Mateo Thornmint , Acanthomintha duttonii , are found in

6720-451: The city council has generally chosen for the vice mayor to succeed the mayor, however a council member other than the vice mayor has been chosen as mayor several times since 2015. In 2023, the city council initiated plans to codify its procedure for mayoral succession, following the contentious mayoral elections of 2022 and 2023 which saw Gina Papan, sister of aforementioned Diane Papan , be skipped in line for mayoral succession. Millbrae has

6832-541: The city with San Francisco and San Mateo . Millbrae is home to Green Hills Country Club , built in 1929, and designed by famed golf course architect Dr. Alister MacKenzie (who designed other noteworthy courses such as Augusta National , Cypress Point , Royal Melbourne , Pasatiempo , and many more). The course was originally known as the Union League Golf Club of San Francisco (1930 to 1933) and Millbrae Country Club (1933 to 1945). The course provides

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6944-399: The coast of San Mateo County. Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems. The county is home to several endangered species including the San Francisco garter snake and the San Bruno elfin butterfly , both of which are endemic to San Mateo County. The endangered Ridgway's Rail is also found on the shores of San Francisco Bay, in

7056-665: The coast southward and on November 7 the San Agustin anchored in Drakes Bay , about 40 miles northwest of Millbrae. In late November, a storm sank the San Agustin and killed between 7 and 12 people. On December 8, 80 remaining crew members set sail on the San Buenaventura , a launch which was partially constructed en route from the Philippines . Seeking the fastest route south, the expedition failed to notice

7168-777: The county had also operated Werder Pier for fishermen; it had been the western segment of the original 1929 vertical-lift bridge . In addition to the county-operated parks, San Mateo County voters created the Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District in 1972, administered by the Peninsula Open Space Trust , which owns several protected spaces within San Mateo County (as well as within Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties). San Mateo County protected spaces administered by POST include: As of 2012, San Mateo County had one of

7280-404: The county seat, but the state supreme court overturned that election on February 24, 1875, and the county seat has remained at Redwood City ever since. San Mateo County bears the Spanish name for Saint Matthew . As a place name, San Mateo appears as early as 1776 in the diaries of Anza and Font. Several local geographic features were also designated San Mateo on early maps including variously:

7392-406: The county seat. The election results were declared illegal and the county government was moved to Redwood City, with land being donated from the original Pulgas Grant for the county government on February 27, 1858. Redwood City's status as county seat was upheld in two successive elections in May 1861 and December 9, 1873, defeating San Mateo and Belmont. Another election in May 1874 named San Mateo

7504-419: The county was $ 36,045. About 6.42% of families and 9.51% of the population were below the poverty line , including 10.01% of those under age 18 and 8.52% of those age 65 or over. San Mateo County has a five-member Board of Supervisors , representing five geographic districts, elected at-large until November 2012. On November 6, 2012, Measure B passed to amend the San Mateo County Charter so that each member of

7616-406: The county, as a Community Choice Aggregation program, an alternative to Pacific Gas and Electric . The people of San Mateo County may use the services of San Mateo County Libraries along with the Peninsula Library System and its dozens of branches, bookmobile and Library-a-Go-Go machine at the Millbrae BART/Caltrain station . The county is divided into several public school districts and

7728-418: The decade-long Mexican War of Independence . As the successor state to the Viceroyalty of New Spain, Mexico automatically included the provinces of Alta California and Baja California as territories. Alta California declared allegiance to the new Mexican nation and elected a representative to be sent to Mexico City. On November 9, 1822, the first legislature of California was created. With the establishment of

7840-462: The deep south and the west-central parts of the county are less densely populated with more rural environment and coastal beaches areas. San Mateo County straddles the San Francisco Peninsula , with the Santa Cruz Mountains running its entire length. The county encompasses a variety of habitats, including estuarine , marine, oak woodland, redwood forest, coastal scrub and oak savannah. There are numerous species of wildlife present, especially along

7952-447: The division became the political reality under José Joaquín de Arrillaga , who would become the first governor of Alta California. The cortes (legislature) of New Spain issued a decree in 1813 for at least partial secularization that affected all missions in America and was to apply to all outposts that had operated for ten years or more; however, the decree was never enforced in California. The Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, between

8064-671: The earlier proposals and suggested the area of the Gila and Colorado Rivers as the locale for forts or presidios preventing the French or the English from "occupying Monterey and invading the neighboring coasts of California which are at the mouth of the Carmel River ." Alta California was not easily accessible from New Spain: land routes were cut off by deserts and Indigenous peoples who were hostile to invasion. Sea routes ran counter to

8176-598: The eastern side of the San Francisco Peninsula , elk remains were also unearthed at multiple archaeological sites along San Francisquito Creek . The County of San Mateo Parks Department operates 22 parks, trails, and historic sites spread throughout the county; the first, Memorial Park , was dedicated on July 4, 1924. The County Superintendent of Schools, Roy Cloud, had visited a one-room schoolhouse in Harrison Canyon as part of his duties; at

8288-500: The equivalent of $ 168,000 a year, and more than 50% higher than the next highest county, New York County (better known as Manhattan), which came in at $ 2,107 a week, or roughly $ 110,000 a year." As of the fourth quarter of 2021, the median value of homes in San Mateo County was $ 1,247,070, an increase of 11% from the prior year. It ranked fourth in the U.S. for counties with highest median home value, behind Nantucket , Manhattan , and Santa Clara . Additionally, San Mateo County hosts

8400-618: The first Japanese to join American students in the Belmont School for Boys. These students had to work for their housing and food before classes and in the evenings. Many of the first Japanese immigrants were able to find jobs as gardeners and landscapers in San Mateo. Most of them had a good educational background from their homelands, but their lack of knowledge of the English language made it difficult for them to find other jobs in

8512-786: The flag of the State of California. After the United States Navy's seizure of the cities of southern California, the Californios formed irregular units, which were victorious in the Siege of Los Angeles , and after the arrival of the United States Army , fought in the Battle of San Pasqual and the Battle of Domínguez Rancho . But the Californios were defeated in subsequent encounters, the battles of Río San Gabriel and La Mesa . The southern Californios formally surrendered with

8624-531: The following: Through the opening in the center enters an estuary of salt water without any breaking of the waves at all, and by going in one will find friendly Indians and can easily take on water and wood. On November 4, 1769, the Portolà expedition climbed Sweeney Ridge and descended southeast parallel to San Andreas Creek before camping overnight near what is today San Andreas Lake and Millbrae's western border. The Portolà expedition continued southeast along

8736-467: The headquarters of Visa Inc , Sony Interactive Entertainment , Electronic Arts , YouTube , Genentech , GoPro , and Gilead Sciences , as well as a hub of venture capital firms in Menlo Park and several other technology-related companies. In 2016, Peninsula Clean Energy began providing electricity to 20 percent of residential customers, all municipalities, and all small- to mid-size businesses in

8848-518: The historic building that has become the Millbrae Historical Museum. Such challenges, though inevitable, have only strengthened Millbrae's resolve to preserve the city's unique character and rich history. The population of Millbrae was 20,718 at the 2000 census , 21,532 at the 2010 census , and 23,216 at the 2020 census . Millbrae station has been the only station served by both BART and Caltrain since 2003. Millbrae station

8960-732: The largest Tongan communities outside of Tonga , with an estimated 13,000 Tongan Americans . The 2010 United States Census reported that San Mateo County had a population of 718,451. The racial makeup of San Mateo County was 383,535 (53.4%) White , 20,436 (2.8%) African American , 3,306 (0.5%) Native American , 178,118 (24.8%) Asian (9.8% Filipino, 9.0% Chinese, 1.9% Indian, 1.2% Japanese, 0.8% Korean, 0.5% Vietnamese, 0.3% Burmese, 0.1% Pakistani), 10,317 (1.4%) Pacific Islander (0.6% Tongan, 0.3% Samoan, 0.2% Fijian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian), 84,529 (11.8%) from other races , and 38,210 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 182,502 persons (25.4%); 15.7% of San Mateo County

9072-511: The line became the new San Mateo County while everything north of the line became the new consolidated City and County of San Francisco . San Mateo County was officially organized on April 18, 1857, under a bill introduced by Senator T.G. Phelps . The 1857 bill defined the southern boundary of San Mateo County as following the south branch of San Francisquito Creek to its source in the Santa Cruz Mountains and thence due west to

9184-424: The local police department. On December 29, 2014, the City of Millbrae combined services with Central County Fire which provides fire services to the cities of Millbrae and Burlingame and the town of Hillsborough. Millbrae has two fire stations within its city limits. U.S. Route 101 and Interstate 280 run along the eastern and western boundaries of the city, respectively. California State Route 82 runs through

9296-422: The mid-to-upper forties (~8 °C) during the winter and highs in the low seventies (~22 °C) and lows in the mid-to-upper fifties (~13 °C) during the summer. Annual precipitation ranges from 20 inches (510 mm) in the lowlands to 32 inches (810 mm) in the hills near Skyline Boulevard and I-280; most of the rain falls from November through April. Snow is very rare; the last measurable occurrence

9408-630: The missions until they were secularized, beginning in 1833. The transfer of property never occurred under the Franciscans. As the number of Spanish settlers grew in Alta California, the boundaries and natural resources of the mission properties became disputed. Conflicts between the Crown and the Church arose over land. State and ecclesiastical bureaucrats debated over authority of the missions. The Franciscan priests of Mission Santa Clara de Asís sent

9520-426: The nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay . As of 2020, it has a median household income of $ 128,091, the fourth-highest household income of any county in the nation behind Loudoun County, Virginia , Falls Church, Virginia , and Santa Clara County, California . The county covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula . The county is predominantly suburban and is home to many corporate campuses. San Mateo County

9632-513: The north to Menlo Park on the south. Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) trains serve San Francisco International Airport (SFO) and the northern portion of the county, paralleling El Camino Real / Mission Boulevard at six stations between Daly City and Millbrae , including the station at SFO. The only direct connection between Caltrain and BART is at Millbrae station . SamTrans (San Mateo County Transit District) provides local bus service within San Mateo County with some routes connecting to

9744-552: The northern port cities of Monterey and San Francisco. The forces of the California Republic, upon encountering the United States Navy and, from them, learning of the state of war between Mexico and the United States, abandoned their independence and proceeded to assist the United States forces in securing the remainder of Alta California. The California Republic was never recognized by any nation and existed for less than one month, but its flag (the "Bear Flag") survives as

9856-419: The occupied units 5,076 (63.5%) were owner-occupied and 2,918 (36.5%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.8%. 13,968 people (64.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 7,249 people (33.7%) lived in rental housing units. At the 2000 census there were 20,718 people in 7,956 households, including 5,513 families, in the city. The population density

9968-457: The only railway linking Millbrae with surrounding areas. Millbrae's high school students rode the streetcar to attend Burlingame High School until Capuchino High School opened on September 11, 1950. The original Sixteen Mile House was located where Millbrae O'Reilly Auto Parts stands today. The Millbrae estate mansion burned down in June 1954. After the fire the estate was subdivided and sold, with

10080-534: The peninsula before turning back and returning to San Diego . Gaspar de Portolá returned to the Bay Area the following year, accompanied by Junípero Serra , who established Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo —the second Spanish mission in Alta California —in what is today Monterey on June 3, 1770. Between 1769 and 1824 a total of 21 missions were established across Alta California. The sixth Spanish mission in Alta California, Mission San Francisco de Asís

10192-618: The population) lived in households, 58 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 257 (1.2%) were institutionalized. There were 7,994 households, 2,593 (32.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 4,543 (56.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 868 (10.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 315 (3.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 268 (3.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 40 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 1,883 households (23.6%) were one person and 1,059 (13.2%) had someone living alone who

10304-596: The province wrote of their frustrations with teaching Indigenous people to internalize Catholic scripture and practice. Many Indigenous people learned to navigate religious expectations at the missions with complex social behaviors in order to maintain their cultural and religious practices. In 1784, the Spanish established the first rancho, Rancho San Pedro , as a 48,000 acre site for cattle grazing . Nine ranchos were subsequently established before 1800. Spanish, and later Mexican, governments rewarded retired soldados de cuera with large land grants, known as ranchos , for

10416-461: The raising of cattle and sheep . Hides and tallow from the livestock were the primary exports of California until the mid-19th century. Similar to the missions, the construction, ranching and domestic work on these vast estates was primarily done by Indigenous peoples , who learned to speak Spanish and ride horses. Under Spanish and Mexican rule, the ranchos prospered and grew. Rancheros (cattle ranchers) and pobladores (townspeople) evolved into

10528-565: The recently re-discovered Los Pobladores . Mission San Juan Capistrano was founded at the Acjachemen village of Acjacheme . Mission San Fernando was founded at Achooykomenga . As the Spanish and civilian settlers further intruded into Indigenous lands and imposed their practices, ideas of property, and religion onto them backed by the force of soldiers and settlers, Indigenous peoples formed rebellions on Spanish missions and settlements. A major rebellion at Mission San Gabriel in 1785

10640-622: The southerly currents of the distant northwestern Pacific. Ultimately, New Spain did not have the economic resources nor population to settle such a far northern outpost. Spanish interest in colonizing Alta California was revived under the visita of José de Gálvez as part of his plans to completely reorganize the governance of the Interior Provinces and push Spanish settlement further north. In subsequent decades, news of Russian colonization and maritime fur trading in Alaska, and

10752-882: The state since 2007. Millbrae has one public high school, Mills High School , which is part of the San Mateo Union High School District . The city is served by the Millbrae Public Library of the San Mateo County Libraries , a member of the Peninsula Library System . Millbrae has one private school at Saint Dunstan's, a Catholic church. On March 4, 2012, the San Mateo County Sheriff's Office took over responsibility for providing police services in Millbrae and closed

10864-642: The time, it was thickly forested with old-growth redwoods and he was alarmed when he learned they were scheduled to be logged. He petitioned the County Board of Supervisors to purchase the land instead. The Recreation Commission was not created until 1932, and the park was improved as part of the Works Progress Administration efforts starting in 1935. Prior to the rebuilding of the San Mateo Bridge that began in 1996,

10976-638: The union as the 31st state . The El Camino Real trail established by the Spanish extended from Mexico City west to Santa Fe , and California, as well as east to Florida . To the southeast, beyond the deserts and the Colorado River , lay the Spanish settlements in Arizona . Spanish soldiers, settlers, and missionaries invaded the homelands of the Indigenous peoples of California , people of

11088-504: The unique Californio culture. By law, mission land and property were to pass to the Indigenous population after a period of about ten years, when the Indigenous people would become Spanish subjects. In the interim period, the Franciscans were to act as mission administrators who held the land in trust for the Indigenous residents. The Franciscans, however, prolonged their control over the missions even after control of Alta California passed from Spain to independent Mexico, and continued to run

11200-701: The vicinity of the Crystal Springs Reservoir . In May 2014, a California condor was spotted near Pescadero , a coastal community south of San Francisco —it was the first California condor spotted in San Mateo County since 1904. The condor, tagged with the number "597", and also known as "Lupine", is one of 439 condors living in the wild or captivity in California, Baja California and Arizona. The three-year-old female flew more than 100 miles (160 km) north from Pinnacles National Park , in San Benito County, on May 30, and landed on

11312-699: The vital services moved to their permanent location in Millbrae's civic center , a few blocks west of El Camino. Millbrae used a private patrol financed by fees from merchants and residents until 1941, when the San Mateo County Board of Supervisors created the Millbrae Police District. Records of the Internal Revenue Service document the licensing of several Millbrae bars for gambling; only after incorporation were gambling laws enforced in Millbrae and not until

11424-414: The western county include Frenchmans Creek , Pilarcitos Creek , Naples Creek , Arroyo de en Medio , and Denniston Creek . These streams originate along the northern spur of the Santa Cruz Mountains that run through the county. The northern and eastern parts of the county are very heavy densely populated with largely urban and suburban areas, with many of its cities as edge-cities for the Bay Area, while

11536-585: The western edge of the city, the San Andreas Lake and the San Andreas Fault may be found. According to a 2012 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $ 86,364, and the median family income was $ 124,027. Males had a median income of $ 84,008 versus $ 70,975 for females. About 2.2% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 2.2% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over. At

11648-477: Was re-combined with Baja California (as a single departamento ) in Mexico's 1836 Siete Leyes (Seven Laws) constitutional reform, granting it more autonomy. That change was undone in 1846, but rendered moot by the outcome of the Mexican–American War in 1848, when most of the areas formerly comprising Alta California were ceded to the U.S. in the treaty which ended the war . In 1850, California joined

11760-541: Was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.08. The age distribution was 20.6% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 24.7% from 45 to 64, and 20.8% 65 or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.0 males. In the California State Legislature , Millbrae is in the 13th Senate District , represented by Democrat Josh Becker , and in

11872-478: Was 6,446.4 inhabitants per square mile (2,489.0/km). There were 8,113 housing units at an average density of 2,524.4 units per square mile (974.7 units/km). Of the 7,956 households 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. 25.1% of households were one person and 13.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size

11984-584: Was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.65. There were 5,726 families (71.6% of households); the average family size was 3.15. The age distribution was 4,337 people (20.1%) under the age of 18, 1,523 people (7.1%) aged 18 to 24, 4,960 people (23.0%) aged 25 to 44, 6,476 people (30.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 4,236 people (19.7%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 44.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.7 males. There were 8,372 housing units at an average density of 2,569.5 per square mile, of

12096-546: Was bordered by what is now Skyline Boulevard , U.S. Route 101 (the Bayshore Freeway ), Millbrae Avenue and Trousdale Drive. The estate became known as "Millbrae" from "Mills" and the Scottish word "brae," which means "rolling hills" or "hill slope." Transportation has shaped Millbrae's growth; from the start of the 20th century, San Francisco MUNI's #40 "interurban" streetcar traveled through Millbrae, linking

12208-736: Was established on October 9, 1776, in what is today San Francisco's Mission District , about 10 miles north of Millbrae. Many of the Ohlone people who lived in and around what is today Millbrae were forcibly relocated and baptised at Mission San Francisco de Asís over the next few decades. The missions maintained authority over much of Alta California even after Mexico's independence from Spain 1821. In 1827, California governor José María de Echeandía granted permission for sublieutenant José Antonio Sánchez to occupy Mission San Francisco's Rancho Buri Buri —which included parts of present-day Millbrae and Burlingame —for “grazing and agricultural purposes." California came under American rule in 1848 following

12320-540: Was formed in 1856 upon the division of San Francisco County, one of the state's 18 original counties established at California statehood in 1850. Until 1856, San Francisco 's city limits extended west to Divisadero Street and Castro Street, and south to 20th Street. In 1856, the California state government divided the county. A straight line was then drawn across the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula just north of San Bruno Mountain . Everything south of

12432-557: Was led by the medicine woman Toypurina . Runaways from the missions were common, where abuse, malnourishment, and overworking were common features of daily life. Runaways would sometimes find shelter at more distant villages, such as a group of runaways who found refuge at the Vanyume village of Wá'peat , the chief of which refused to give them up. Many children died young at the missions. One missionary reported that 3 of every 4 children born at Mission San Gabriel died before reaching

12544-409: Was on February 5, 1976. The nearest National Weather Service station is at the nearby San Francisco International Airport , where records go back to early 1927. For more details, see San Bruno , California. A wetland area in the eastern part of the city which is adjacent to U.S. Highway 101 is habitat to the endangered San Francisco garter snake , a species endemic to San Mateo County . At

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