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70-577: The bank has a staff of over 1000 people. Neel Kashkari became the bank's president on January 1, 2016; succeeding Narayana Kocherlakota . The Minneapolis Fed has strong ties to the economics department at the University of Minnesota . Nobel laureate economist Edward Prescott was affiliated with both institutions for a long time. The Bank publishes The Region , a magazine featuring articles about economic policy and interviews with famous economists . Three buildings have served as headquarters for

140-656: A Republican his whole life. In a 2008 speech to the American Enterprise Institute , Kashkari described himself as "a free-market Republican." In 2013, he described himself as a "pro-growth Republican". He opposes most of Obama's economic agenda and supports cutting business regulations. He has called for cutting Social Security and Medicare and replacing the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act . In 2012, he voted against California's Proposition 30 , which raised taxes in

210-513: A campaign for elected office. In 2015, the Wall Street Journal said that "the performance of [Pimco equity] funds Mr. Kashkari launched was spotty [and] the firm has since closed some of" them. Kashkari has said he first considered running for Governor of California after Republican nominee Mitt Romney lost the 2012 presidential election to Obama. He spent the year after his resignation from Pimco preparing to campaign in

280-625: A framework for discussion called Outlook Twenty Ten: A Discussion Plan to Improve All Minneapolis Community Libraries , submitted to the Minneapolis Public Library Board in July 1999, and drafted in anticipation of voters approving the referendum. The framework was submitted to the board by Amy Ryan, Chief of Community Libraries. When the referendum was approved, the Library Board turned to the plan which contained

350-664: A girl named Ulysses Sabine. Minneapolis Public Library The Minneapolis Public Library ( MPL ) was a library system that served the residents of Minneapolis, Minnesota in the United States . It was founded in 1885 with the establishment of the Minneapolis Library Board by an amendment to the Minneapolis City Charter. Lumber baron and philanthropist T. B. Walker and other city leaders such as Thomas Lowry were members of

420-685: A job as a policy generalist. Kashkari accepted, and then Paulson remembered to confirm that Kashkari was a Republican. After the U.S. Senate confirmed Paulson, he and Kashkari started at Treasury on the same day. Kashkari was one of several Goldman employees who followed Paulson to Treasury. Kashkari began as a special assistant to Paulson working on energy policy . He and Allan B. Hubbard developed Bush's " Twenty in Ten " plan to promote energy conservation . He also worked on issues related to India , particularly infrastructure development. In November 2007, Bush nominated Kashkari to be Assistant Secretary of

490-562: A low-key campaign. The San Francisco Chronicle reported in January 2014 that, since 1998, Kashkari had been eligible to vote in 23 elections in California and Pennsylvania but had only voted in 13 (i.e., 57%) of them. His campaign disputed some aspects of the reporting and said that Kashkari's Treasury Department service proves his commitment to civic life. Kashkari later acknowledged his imperfect voting record. Kashkari has been

560-466: A market in the U.S. for covered bonds , whose value would continue to be guaranteed by the issuing bank after the bank had sold them. He also worked closely with Paulson on Treasury's takeover of the government-sponsored enterprises Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on September 6, 2008, and the federal bailout of American International Group on September 16. In early 2008, Paulson directed Kashkari and fellow Treasury aide Phillip Swagel to write

630-409: A mortgage industry initiative coordinated by the federal government that aimed to reduce foreclosures by modifying loan terms on a loan-by-loan basis. In March 2008 he represented Treasury at negotiations that led ultimately to the federally sponsored takeover and rescue of the investment bank Bear Stearns by JPMorgan Chase . He was in charge of Treasury's (ultimately unsuccessful) efforts to create

700-403: A plan to recapitalize the banking system in case the crisis worsened. The plan called for Congress to authorize Treasury to spend $ 500 billion to buy mortgage-backed securities from troubled banks, replacing them on banks' balance sheets with safe, liquid Treasury bills . This would prevent runs on the banks and encourage them to lend. The plan was conceived as an alternative to proposals from

770-505: A portion of the Minnesota State Constitution to read, "All children have a fundamental right to a quality public education that fully prepares them." At a January 2021 Minneapolis Federal Reserve event on racism and the economy, Kashkari commented on the contrast between how the rioters at the U.S. Capitol were treated compared to black Americans, saying, "If those were Black militants, armed militants, storming

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840-697: A profile of each of the fourteen community libraries, including highlights of patron surveys. It also contained at least three suggestions for every community library, entitled Options 'A', 'B', 'C' and onward. An update on the plan came out in 2004. Adamson v. Minneapolis Public Library was a civil complaint of 23 March 2003 by a dozen librarians against the library's management for a claimed failure to prevent sexual harassment over many years by library patrons having unlimited use of library computers for accessing pornography. The case followed an EEOC determination on 23 May 2001 that "the Respondent did subject

910-424: A significant funding advantage over Donnelly. He raised $ 1 million within two weeks of announcing his candidacy and went on to raise a total of US$ 4.1 million, including $ 2 million of his own money. Republican donors Charles Munger Jr. and Robert Addison Day also spent $ 400,000 supporting Kashkari through an independent expenditure committee. Donnelly raised only $ 447,000 (~$ 566,722 in 2023) in 2014. For most of

980-557: A staff member who was assigned to local schools to discuss the services available at the library. The 2002 referendum also included funds to renovate community libraries, supplementing an existing program. The community libraries and their renovation status are: Many of the buildings built by the Minneapolis Public Library system are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . In some cases,

1050-638: A three-year development the National City Bank of Minneapolis (now part of M&I Bank ) moved into the building as its principal tenant. After the renovation, the building received the Minneapolis Committee on the Urban Environment award for contributed the most to Minneapolis's urban environment. In 2013, the 510 Marquette building was sold for $ 6.69 million. At the time it was reported to have 198,552 square feet. It

1120-709: Is an American banker, economist and politician who is the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis . As interim Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability from October 2008 to May 2009, he oversaw the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) that was a major component of the U.S. government's response to the Financial crisis of 2007–2008 . A Republican , he unsuccessfully ran for Governor of California in

1190-475: Is constructed much like a suspension bridge with cables strung between pillars at the ends carrying the load. Design problems, along with asbestos contamination, led the Federal Reserve to decide to move into a new complex and sell the old structure. The new owner rehabilitated the building and added on, and the building temporarily housed the central Minneapolis Public Library while its new building

1260-549: The 2014 election . Born and raised in Ohio, and educated at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign , Kashkari worked initially as an aerospace engineer. After attending business school at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania , he became an investment banker , covering the information technology security sector for Goldman Sachs . Henry Paulson , the former head of Goldman, and then Secretary of

1330-605: The Dewey Decimal System , although around 1890, the library switched to the early and short-lived Putnam Classification System , developed by Minneapolis librarian Herbert Putnam . He later became Librarian of Congress , and revised his Putnam system into the current Library of Congress classification system. In 2000 Minneapolis voters approved a $ 140 million package to fund a new $ 110 million Central Library building, and spend $ 30 million on improvements to community libraries. The referendum began as

1400-598: The United States in 1964. They settled in Stow , a suburb of Akron, where Neel Kashkari grew up. His parents were well known within the local community of Hindus . His older sister, Meera Kashkari Kelley, is a physician specializing in infectious diseases . Growing up, Neel's parents and sister were liberal , but his free-market views led him to identify more with the Republican Party . Kashkari attended Stow–Munroe Falls High School before transferring to

1470-506: The Western Reserve Academy . He graduated in 1991 with honors in mathematics and was elected graduation speaker. In 2009, he described his high school grades as not good enough to apply to top-tier universities. Kashkari earned bachelor’s (1995) and master’s (1998) degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign . He was the team leader for the mechanical engineering component of

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1540-631: The equities market. He resigned from Pimco in January 2013 to explore a run for public office. One year later, he announced his candidacy for Governor of California . He came in second in California's nonpartisan blanket primary but lost the general election to incumbent governor Jerry Brown . He was named the new president of the Minneapolis Federal Reserve November 10, 2015, succeeding Narayana Kocherlakota who announced his resignation in June. Neel Tushar Kashkari

1610-625: The state law that limits greenhouse gas emissions. He believes climate change is real and man-made. He has spoken positively of fracking and offshore oil drilling and negatively of California's cap-and-trade program . Kashkari cites Paulson, Mitch Daniels , and Jeb Bush as political mentors. He voted for Obama in the 2008 presidential election and Romney in the 2012 election . In March 2014, Kashkari proposed waiving state income taxes for 10 years for businesses that move to California with at least 100 jobs; waiving state income taxes for California companies that build new manufacturing plants in

1680-799: The $ 14 trillion in then-outstanding mortgages in the United States. To administer TARP, the EESA created within the Treasury Department a new Office of Financial Stability to be headed by an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability , who would be nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. However, it also specified that the Treasury Secretary could designate an interim Assistant Secretary to run

1750-534: The 1950s, when a small skyscraper eight stories tall was added on top. The modern superstructure clashed with the granite Roman columns on the building's façade. After the Fed moved to its second building in 1973, the new owner, a partnership of New York developers, Peter V. Tishman and Jay Marc Schwamm, had the lower portion covered with something that was a better match to the skyscraper "hat" on top. The 3-foot-thick (0.91 m), windowless, lower floors were stripped of

1820-583: The 2002 closure and demolition of the old central library, the Minneapolis Planetarium found its home there, possessing a projector machine literally older than the space age itself (originally delivered and installed in 1954, three years before the launch of Sputnik I ). In 2005, the Minnesota Legislature apportioned funding for a new planetarium, then planned to be on the roof of the new Central Library building. Instead,

1890-497: The 2014 gubernatorial election, touring the state, hiring a staff, and meeting with potential donors. He announced his candidacy on January 21, 2014, citing jobs and education as his top priorities. It was his first run for elected office. He finished second to incumbent governor Jerry Brown in the nonpartisan blanket primary and lost to Brown in the November general election. After the campaign, Kashkari published "Lessons from

1960-531: The Charging Party to sexually hostile work environment. This is in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , as amended." The case settled when the library agreed to pay the plaintiffs $ 435,000 and to take corrective action to prevent further harassment. Despite city funding and some private support, the library had suffered from reduced funding from external sources, including

2030-507: The Trail," a firsthand account of what he learned from his gubernatorial campaign to help future candidates. Brown was widely expected to finish first in the primary, so Kashkari's principal opponent at this stage was his main rival for second place, Republican state assemblyman Tim Donnelly . Kashkari was seen as a fiscal conservative and social moderate, while Donnelly identified with the right-wing Tea Party movement . Kashkari enjoyed

2100-475: The Treasury , hired Kashkari as an aide. Kashkari was eventually named Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for International Economics and Development . At Treasury, he played a number of roles in the response to the financial crisis and the subprime mortgage crisis that preceded it, most notably administering the TARP. Kashkari left government and began working for Pimco in 2009, leading that company's push into

2170-451: The Treasury for International Economics and Development. The U.S. Senate confirmed the nomination in June 2008, and Kashkari was sworn in the following month. By the summer 2007, concerns over the credit quality of private-label securitizations, underwriting standards and institutional solvency accelerated. The value of unconventional financial instruments backed by U.S. subprime mortgages declined sharply as it became clear that many of

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2240-703: The U.S. Capitol, I think they’d all be dead right now [ . . .] That is the most stark example of racism and disparities in our society.” In early November 2015 Kashkari was named president and CEO of the Minneapolis Fed. He was chosen by the Minneapolis bank board (excepting representatives from the financial industry), approved 5–0 by the Federal Reserve Board in Washington and assumed the Minneapolis position on January 1, 2016. With

2310-573: The United States; it had been modeled after the Ford Foundation Building in New York City , which has a larger garden, but also one that relies to some extent on outside natural light. There was also the need to remove the interior, independently supported five-story vault so that the building could be connected to the adjacent F&M Bank Building , and also become part of the second floor, Minneapolis Skyway System . After

2380-711: The University of Illinois. They married in a traditional Hindu ceremony in Chicago , and she supported him through his time at Wharton while working as an engineer at Northrop Grumman . Kashkari filed for divorce in November 2011 and later described the split as amicable. They have no children. Kashkari married Christine Ong in California’s Sugar Pine Point State Park in August 2015. In February 2019, Kashkari and Ong welcomed their first child,

2450-415: The big banks should be broken up, saying, "I believe the biggest banks are still too big to fail and continue to pose a significant, ongoing risk to our economy." Kashkari is a practicing Hindu . He said in 2009 that he began praying while working on TARP, having been especially affected when a colleague had a heart attack at work. Kashkari met his ex-wife Minal Jeshanker (now Kotterman) in college at

2520-536: The board of directors as of 2018. Class A directors are elected by member banks to represent member banks. Class B directors are elected by member banks to represent the public. Class C directors are appointed by the Board of Governors to represent the public. Their terms expire on December 31. 44°59′04″N 93°16′03″W  /  44.98445°N 93.26738°W  / 44.98445; -93.26738 Neel Kashkari Neel Tushar Kashkari (born July 30, 1973)

2590-488: The borrowers would continue to default on the mortgages. This caused a housing glut and crisis as the banks holding the mortgages saw their assets decline in value and rushed to foreclose the loans. This ultimately intensified into a global financial crisis with broad implications. Kashkari played important roles in several episodes of the crisis. He led Treasury's participation in the Hope Now Alliance ,

2660-472: The city financed a free library for the public with a one mill property tax. When the Minneapolis Public Library was established in 1885 the Athenæum became a partner of it and still exists as a separate nonprofit organization sharing space with the library. Three central libraries have been built in Minneapolis, each replacing the last with a bigger and more up-to-date building. The first opened in 1889,

2730-406: The crafting the legislation. Based in large part on Kashkari and Swagel's recapitalization plan, the EESA created the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), a $ 700 billion bailout fund for financial institutions threatened with collapse. Kashkari initially proposed a $ 1 trillion fund, but Paulson vetoed that number as too large. Kashkari came up with the lesser figure of $ 700 billion by taking 5% of

2800-685: The district, all within a few blocks of each other. All three buildings are standing and in use as of 2024. The first building for the Minneapolis Federal Reserve bank is located at 510 Marquette Avenue, at the corner of Marquette Avenue and 5th Street South in Minneapolis, right next to the Nicollet Mall station of the METRO Blue and Green light rail lines, and across from the Soo Line Building . It

2870-533: The election, his transition team asked Kashkari to remain at Treasury after the inauguration for a limited period. He left the Treasury Department on May 1, 2009, replaced at the helm of TARP by Herbert M. Allison . During his time heading TARP, Kashkari was frequently called to testify before Congressional oversight panels. The House members would often question him hostilely over the politically unpopular program, but at least one, Representative Dennis Kucinich , assured Kashkari privately that he thought Kashkari

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2940-586: The federal government and Local Government Aid (LGA) from the State of Minnesota. In the recession of the 2000s following the Dot-com bubble , hours were drastically cut and money for acquisitions sharply declined. Because Minnesota library card holders could borrow from other systems in the state, MPL also duplicated services offered by Hennepin County Library (HCL), which saw shared use by MPL patrons. This

3010-504: The first library board. In 2008, after some financial difficulties, the library was merged into the Hennepin County Library system. At the time of its merger, the library included Central Library in downtown Minneapolis and fourteen branch libraries. Its collection numbered about 3.1 million items with about 2.2 million of these housed in the central library. The predecessor of Minneapolis's public library

3080-420: The government takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, though it did not receive TARP funds. The six equity mutual funds Pimco launched under Kashkari all underperformed benchmarks in 2012. Kashkari attributed this to the funds hedging risk, which decreases returns when stock prices increase. Kashkari resigned from Pimco in January 2013, citing a desire to return to public service. He was expected to announce

3150-848: The government to "do things that were deeply unpopular but we knew were the right thing." One week after his resignation, he and his wife moved to a cabin in rural Northern California near Lake Tahoe as part of what he called a " detox " from Washington. He worked on home improvement projects and helped Paulson write a memoir. In December 2009 Kashkari was named a managing director at the investment firm Pimco , in charge of new investment initiatives. Pimco, which had traditionally focused on bonds , hired him to broaden its focus into equities ; Pimco later named him global head of equities. Kashkari had met Bill Gross , Pimco's co-founder, in December 2007 as part of his work at Treasury. Kashkari's move to Pimco attracted attention because Pimco benefited from

3220-412: The granite and replaced with a "bird cage" limestone facade (designed by Minneapolis architect Robert Cerny) and a totally artificially sustained natural 3,000-square-foot (280 m) garden of ficus trees and pools of water (designed by San Francisco landscape architect ural firm of Lawrence Halprin ). At the time it was the largest totally artificially sustained garden within an office building in

3290-548: The last weeks of the race. The first poll showing him ahead of Donnelly came out days before the election. In the June 3 primary, Kashkari came in second with 19% of the vote, and Donnelly came in third with 15%. Brown beat them both, with 55%. Brown, a Democrat , was long considered the favorite to win the general election. His approval ratings were high, and as of the end of the primary his campaign had US$ 21 million. Kashkari, by contrast, spent almost all his campaign money to beat Donnelly, and additional financial support from

3360-546: The libraries have been demolished and moved to new, more modern buildings. Of this list, all but the North Branch library were built under the leadership of the city's head librarian, Gratia Countryman . Franklin, Sumner, and Thirty-Sixth Street were built with funds from Andrew Carnegie . Unusually for a public library, the Minneapolis Public Library used the Library of Congress Classification . Prior to 1969 it used

3430-500: The library features a host of energy-efficient measures, including a roof garden and substantial daylight. While the building was under construction, most services were provided at the interim Central Library Marquette location, on two floors in Marquette Plaza (formerly the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis ). Cost of providing an interim site while the old library was demolished and rebuilt exceeded $ 10 million. Until

3500-456: The national or state Republican Parties was unlikely. Kashkari cited George W. Bush's upset victory over Ann Richards in the 1994 election for Governor of Texas as a model for an upset against a popular Democratic governor. Kashkari lost the November 4, 2014 general election to Governor Jerry Brown by approximately 1.4 million votes, with Brown winning 60% of the vote. Brown won the largest gubernatorial victory since 1986 despite running

3570-441: The office. Kashkari first came to widespread public attention on October 6, 2008, when Paulson named him to this position. During his time running TARP he retained his title as Assistant Secretary for International Economics and Development, but his international affairs responsibilities were delegated to another Treasury official. Noticing a lack of necessary expertise in investment within Treasury, Kashkari recruited new staff for

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3640-528: The planetarium is now planned to be part of a new Bell Museum of Natural History building, on the University of Minnesota 's Saint Paul campus. The first two branches of the Minneapolis Public Library opened in 1890, one each on the north and south sides of Minneapolis. A branch in the basement of North High School opened on February 27, 1890, and one at 17th and Franklin Ave on April 23. By 2002 there were fourteen branches or community libraries. Each library had

3710-592: The presidents of the New York ( William C. Dudley ), Dallas ( Robert Steven Kaplan ) and Philadelphia ( Patrick T. Harker ) regional Fed banks, Kashkari will become the fourth sitting regional Fed chief to have Goldman Sachs on his resume. Kaplan and Harker both assumed their positions in 2015. On February 16, 2016 while giving a speech at the Brookings Institution, Kashkari recommended that in order to stave off another potential financial meltdown,

3780-484: The program, some from government and others from industry, ultimately hiring about 100 people by January 2009. Kashkari also chaired the five-member investment committee within Treasury that decided which banks would receive TARP money. With Bush scheduled to leave office on January 20, 2009, following the November 2008 election, Kashkari's appointment was initially viewed as temporary. There were even plans to replace him before Bush left office. However, after Obama won

3850-930: The race, Kashkari trailed Donnelly in public opinion polls. Kashkari's moderate views on social issues, involvement with TARP, and vote for Obama in 2008 were unpopular with many Republican voters, who were more enthusiastic about Donnelly. Other Republicans feared that if Donnelly advanced to the general election he would not only lose to Brown but also hurt other Republicans running for office because of his narrow appeal to white conservatives, staunch right-wing views, inflammatory rhetoric, and criminal record. The perceived threat from Donnelly attracted endorsements for Kashkari from national Republicans including Romney, Jeb Bush , Condoleezza Rice , and Karl Rove , as well as California Republicans including Pete Wilson and Darrell Issa . These advantages allowed Kashkari not to campaign farther right than he wanted to. Kashkari's fundraising advantage allowed him pay for more advertising in

3920-518: The school's entry in the 1997 Sunrayce , a solar-powered vehicle race. After completing his master's degree, Kashkari moved to Redondo Beach , California , and worked as an engineer for TRW Inc. , a contractor for NASA . There he worked on a stabilizing component for the James Webb Space Telescope . Kashkari left TRW to enter the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania , earning an MBA in 2002. At Wharton he

3990-399: The second in 1961 and the third and current building in 2006. On November 7, 2000, Minneapolis voters approved a $ 140 million package to improve library services, including funding a new Central Library building. The building was designed by Cesar Pelli , along with the Minneapolis firm Architectural Alliance, It opened to the public on May 20, 2006. At a cost of $ 250 per square foot,

4060-656: The staff of the House Financial Services Committee , then led by Democratic Representative Barney Frank . Following the collapse of the investment bank Lehman Brothers on September 15, 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA) was enacted on October 3. Both Democrats and Republicans in Congress voted for the law. Kashkari was one of several Paulson aides who was heavily involved in

4130-541: The state, and for Proposition 32 , which would have weakened labor unions ' political influence. In a March 2014 interview, he praised Wisconsin governor Scott Walker 's controversial policies limiting collective bargaining . On social issues, he has described himself as libertarian and "a different kind of Republican", supporting abortion rights , same-sex marriage , and a path to legal status for illegal immigrants. He voted against California's Proposition 8 , which banned same-sex marriage in 2008. In 2013, he

4200-634: The state; expanding hydraulic fracturing (fracking) of oil deposits; reducing environmental regulation; and increasing water storage in response to the state's ongoing drought . Economists and political experts interviewed by the Los Angeles Times were skeptical of the plan's chances in the Democratic-dominated California Legislature and of its potential effectiveness were it to be passed. In January 2020, Kashkari and Alan Page proposed amending

4270-499: Was a private library called the Minneapolis Athenæum. It was organized by Minneapolis businessmen in 1859 as a subscription library , and its shares were traded on the local stock market. After T. B. Walker moved to Minneapolis he bought shares in the Athenæum and gave away memberships to it, promoting the idea of a free public library for the city. Other stock holders raised objections, but the technique worked and soon

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4340-619: Was born on July 30, 1973, in Akron , Ohio , to Indian parents. Kashkari's mother Sheila Kashkari, was a pathologist at Akron City Hospital , and father Chaman Kashkari, worked as a professor of electrical engineering at the University of Akron . Kashkari's parents are Kashmiri Pandits , who were both born and raised in Srinagar in the Kashmir Valley , within the erstwhile Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and immigrated to

4410-476: Was designed by Cass Gilbert , architect of the Minnesota State Capitol building. It was completed in 1915. The building was unusual in that there were no windows on the lower walls close to the street—from the start, large bricks filled in the spaces where windows would be expected. Only up at the top was anyone able to look out from the building. The structure only became more strange in

4480-774: Was doing a great job. Another public critic, Representative Gregory Meeks , later thanked Kashkari for his service. Kashkari also won praise from Paulson and Timothy Geithner , Paulson's successor as Treasury Secretary and Kashkari's boss under the Obama administration. Neil Barofsky , who oversaw TARP within Treasury as a special inspector general, commended Kashkari's commitment to the job but criticized his actions. Elizabeth Warren , who headed TARP's Congressional Oversight Panel , later criticized Kashkari for allegedly promising to focus on smaller banks shortly before Treasury announced additional measures to bail out Citigroup . Kashkari later said that Bush not running for reelection allowed

4550-659: Was especially apparent on Mondays, when Minneapolis libraries were closed. In 2007, the Minneapolis Library Board agreed to pursue a merger with the county system. The Minneapolis Library Board and Minneapolis City Council approved the merger in March 2007, the Hennepin County Board approved the merger in April 2007, and on May 19, 2007 the Minnesota State Legislature approved a bill merging

4620-525: Was one of 131 Republicans who signed a pro-marriage equality amicus curiae brief submitted to the U.S. Supreme Court as part of Hollingsworth v. Perry , the case in which the final appeal against the previously-found unconstitutionality of Proposition 8 was rejected for lack of standing. Kashkari owns four guns and considers waiting periods and background checks before purchasing a firearm to be reasonable. On environmental issues, he voted against California's Proposition 23 , which would have suspended

4690-557: Was part of the team that advised clients on mergers and acquisitions, as well as other financial matters, until leaving the firm in 2006. He was a regional finalist for the White House Fellows program. In May 2006 President George W. Bush announced his intention to appoint Paulson as Secretary of the Treasury . Kashkari contacted Paulson and asked to join him at Treasury. Despite not knowing Kashkari well, Paulson agreed to meet with him, and much later offered him

4760-485: Was president of the Finance Club and was part of the student organizing team for the annual Wharton Finance Conference. Kashkari interned at the investment bank Goldman Sachs during the summer between his two academic years at Wharton. After graduation from Wharton in 2002, he joined Goldman's San Francisco office as an associate covering software companies in the investment banking division. In this role, he

4830-496: Was purchased by Marquette Partners LLC, an affiliate of Minneapolis-based Swervo Development. The seller was OP2 Marquette, an affiliate of Opportunity Advisors of Eden Prairie, Minnesota . Opportunity Advisors had purchased the building in May 2012 for somewhere around $ 5-$ 6 million, about one-fourth of its 1998 selling price. The Federal Reserve moved two blocks away on Marquette Avenue to a building now known as Marquette Plaza , which

4900-725: Was under construction. Designed by architecture firm HOK , a complex along the Mississippi River now serves as home to the Minneapolis Fed, which moved there in 1997. The address was set as 90 Hennepin Avenue to match the 9th district designation. It is located on the site of the former Minneapolis Great Northern Depot adjacent to the Hennepin Avenue Bridge and the Pacific sawmill once owned by T. B. Walker and George A. Camp. The following people are on

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