83-552: Mission Ranch is a historic hotel and restaurant in Carmel , Monterey County, California , United States. It is located in the unincorporated Mission Tract south of the incorporated city of Carmel-by-the-Sea, near the Carmel Mission , at 26270 Dolores Street. The property was bought in 1986 by Clint Eastwood , who restored the premises in the style of the original buildings. The hotel has 31 rooms located within ten buildings on
166-486: A building that had been on the south side of the quadrangle, although nothing was left but the eroded adobe foundation and a few ruined walls. The building was originally a segregated, locked dormitory for girls called the monjero (nunnery). They were separated from their families at age 8. The boys and unmarried men also had their own dormitory, though it was less confining. The building was reconstructed and made into classrooms for Junipero Serra Elementary School. In 1946,
249-525: A captivating history, suggesting that indigenous communities held knowledge of abundant gold deposits concealed within the untamed terrain of the Santa Lucia Mountains . As whispers of these riches echoed through time, the enigmatic Lost Padre Mines became a testament to the allure of hidden treasures and the enduring mystique of the land. Numerous iterations of these legends appear to have originated from long-time residents of Carmel Valley. It
332-404: A condominium development. He restored the property in the style of the original buildings. Buildings on the property reflect the architectural period of the 1850s, that includes the restaurant and dance barn and the century old Martin farmhouse and bunkhouse. In the 1959 movie A Summer Place , with characters Ken Jorgenson ( Richard Egan ) and Sylvia ( Dorothy McGuire ) have a beach house, which
415-438: A cool summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification Csb ) normal in coastal areas of California. Summers are typically mild, with overcast mornings produced by marine layer clouds which can bring drizzles that typically give way to clear skies in the afternoon. September and October ( Indian summer ) offer the most pleasant weather of the year, with an average high of 72 °F (22 °C). The wet season
498-569: A monthly basis. In 1906, the San Francisco Call devoted a full page to the "artists, writers and poets at Carmel-by-the-Sea". The Carmel Arts and Crafts Club held exhibitions, lectures, dances, and produced plays and recitals at numerous locations, including the Pine Inn Hotel, before purchasing a lot on Casanova Street, where they built a clubhouse in 1907. By 1914, the club had achieved national recognition. In 1911,
581-683: A subdivision map of the core village that became Carmel. They asked Michael J. Murphy to help build the houses. From 1902 to 1940, he built nearly 350 buildings in Carmel. The Carmel post office opened the same year. In 1899, Fritz Schweninger opened the first bakery on Ocean Avenue, called the Carmel Bakery . In 1910, the Carnegie Institution established the Coastal Laboratory, and a number of scientists moved to
664-405: A temporary wall until a permanent one can be designed and built. In late 2020, The Carmel Mission Foundation began a $ 4 million project to restore and seismically strengthen the century old Downie Museum in time to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the founding of Carmel Mission. The restoration removed restrooms from the rear of the building, doubling the museum's interior space. Paint covering
747-562: A total population of northern California of 60. Farming was not very productive and for several years the mission was dependent upon the arrival of supply ships. Historian Jame Culleton wrote in 1950, "The summer of '73 came without bringing the supply ship. Neither Carmel nor Monterey was anything like self-supporting." To improve baptismal rates, they sought to convert key members of the Esselen and Rumsen tribes, including chiefs. On May 9, 1775, Junípero Serra baptized what appears to be
830-495: Is an active parish church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Monterey . In addition to its activity as a place of worship, Mission Carmel also hosts concerts, art exhibits, lectures, and numerous other community events. In 1986, then- pastor Monsignor Eamon MacMahon acquired a Casavant Frères organ with horizontal trumpets . Its hand-painted casework is decorated with elaborate carvings and statuary reflecting
913-486: Is from October to May. Average annual rainfall in Carmel-by-the-Sea is 20 inches (500 mm) per year, and the average temperature is 57 °F (14 °C). The town has historically pursued a strategy of planned development to enhance its natural coastal beauty and to retain its character, which the city's general plan describes as "a village in a forest overlooking a white sand beach". Carmel-by-the-Sea
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#1732765791305996-573: Is plausible that this phenomenon can be attributed to some of the final descendants of the Mission Indians who resided and labored in the area. On September 27, 2015, in response to Serra's canonization, the San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo Mission was vandalized. The statue of Serra was toppled and splattered with paint, and the cemetery, the mission doors, a fountain, and a crucifix were as well. The message "Saint of Genocide"
1079-727: Is represented by Supervisor Mary Adams. In the California State Assembly , Carmel is in the 29th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Robert Rivas . In the California State Senate , Carmel in the 17th Senate District , represented by Democrat John Laird . In the United States House of Representatives , Carmel is in California's 19th Congressional District , represented by Democrat Jimmy Panetta . Carmel
1162-789: Is served by the Carmel Unified School District , which operates nearby schools including Carmel High School , Carmel Middle School, Tularcitos Elementary School and Carmel River School . The Californian , formerly The Carmel Sun , was published weekly in 1936-1937 by E.F. Bunch in Carmel-By-The-Sea. The Carmel Pine Cone is the town's weekly newspaper and has been published since 1915, covering local news, politics, arts, entertainment, opinions and real estate. Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Río Carmelo ( English : The Mission of Saint Charles Borromeo of
1245-600: The 2010 census . Situated on the Monterey Peninsula , Carmel is a tourist destination, known for its natural scenery and artistic history. The Spanish founded a settlement in 1797, when Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was relocated by St. Junípero Serra from Monterey. Mission Carmel served as the headquarters of the Californian mission system , until the Mexican secularization act of 1833 , when
1328-467: The Carmel Highlands in 1962, a few miles south of town. Carmel is a general law city governed by a mayor and four city council members. The current mayor is Dave Potter. Elected councilmembers are Carrie Theis, Jeff Baron, Bobby Richards and Jan Reimers. Chip Rerig is the newest City Administrator. The City of Carmel-by-the-Sea has established a "sphere of influence" that includes
1411-587: The Catholic Church in Spain . Only eight months later, in August 1833, the government secularized all of the missions and their valuable lands. The government stipulated that half the mission lands should be awarded to the native people, but this purpose was never accomplished. Most mission property was bought by government officials or their wealthy friends. The priests could not maintain the missions without
1494-544: The Diocese of Monterey . The school opened in 1943 and closed at the end of the 2019–2020 school year. Between 2000 and 2007, private funding provided funds to hire Fine Art Conservation Laboratories to conserve the major original Spanish Colonial oil paintings in the nave. The company had previously been responsible for the preservation and restoration of Spanish colonial art from the Mission Inn, Riverside, California,
1577-725: The Flanders Mansion and used his home as a model for the Hatton Fields subdivision. The City of Carmel purchased the Flanders Mansion and adjoining 14.9 acres (6.0 ha) in 1972, from the Flanders heirs for US$ 275,000 (equivalent to $ 2,003,103 in 2023). It has become part of the 34-acre (14 ha) Mission Trail Nature Preserve. In 1932, the city developed the Devendorf Park that occupies
1660-657: The Mission Ranch because it was so close to the Carmel Mission. They farmed potatoes and barley and had a milk dairy. In 1888, Escolle and Santiago J. Duckworth filed a subdivision map with the County Recorder of Monterey County. By 1889, 200 lots had been sold. The name "Carmel" was earlier applied to another place on the north bank of the Carmel River 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of
1743-646: The polity 's capitol, at the Presidio of Monterey . Fages worked his men very harshly and was seen as a tyrant. Serra intervened on behalf of Fages' soldiers, and the two men did not get along. Fages regarded the Spanish installations in California as military institutions first, and religious outposts second. The soldiers raped the Indian women and kept them as concubines. Serra wanted to put some distance between
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#17327657913051826-418: The 5 ft (1.5 m) thick walls, into which they inserted steel rods that were grouted in place. The bell tower dome was reinforced, cleaned and resurfaced. The project also updated the electrical system and added a fire suppression system. The interior lighting was replaced, and custom-made chandeliers were added. Foundation issues were remedied and all tile was matched and restored. The project upgraded
1909-577: The Basilica which had not been touched since 1937 and had been deemed unsafe by the California State Unreinforced Masonry Act. The project was the third major reconstruction of the Basilica since it was built in 1797. The contractors installed additional wood and steel beams to reinforce and tie the roof structure together. To strengthen the walls, they drilled over 300 center-cored vertical and horizontal holes in
1992-487: The California coast without landing. Another sixty years passed before Spanish explorer, Sebastián Vizcaíno landed in what is now known as Carmel Valley in 1602. It is thought that he named the river running through the valley Rio Carmelo in honor of the three Carmelite friars serving as chaplains for the voyage. The Spanish did not attempt to colonize the area until 1770, when Gaspar de Portolá , along with Franciscan priests Junípero Serra and Juan Crespí , visited
2075-469: The Carmel Mission but his job quickly expanded and he was put in charge of restoring the entire mission. Two years later, the church transferred the mission from the Franciscans to the local diocese and it became a regular parish church . Downie lived nearby in Carmel and worked almost daily for nearly 50 years to restore the mission, ancillary buildings, walls, and grounds. He painstakingly researched
2158-574: The Carmel River ), first built in 1797, is one of the most authentically restored Catholic mission churches in California. Located at the mouth of Carmel Valley, California , it is on the National Register of Historic Places and is a National Historic Landmark . From 1797 until 1833, Carmel Mission was the headquarters of all Alta California missions. It was headed by Saint Junípero Serra from 1770 until his death in 1784. It
2241-639: The City of Carmel-by-the-Sea in 1964, renaming the venue the Sunset Theatre. In 2003, following a $ 22 million renovation, the Sunset Center re-opened with the 66th annual Carmel Bach Festival. In 1949, the first Forest Theater Guild was organized. For most of the 1960s, the outdoor theater lay unused and neglected, with the original Forest Theater Guild having ceased operations in 1961. In 1968, Marcia Hovick's Children's Experimental Theater leased
2324-644: The City of Monterey, owning the first commercial bakery, pottery kiln, and brickworks in Central California. William Martin of Scotland arrived in Monterey in 1856 by ship with his family. His son, John Martin (1827–1893), bought land around the Carmel River from Lafayette F. Loveland in 1859. He built the Martin Ranch on 216 acres (87 ha) that went as far as the Carmel River to the homes along Carmel-by-the-Sea. The ranch became known as
2407-514: The Indians' forced labor and the mission and lands were soon abandoned. The Indians were forced from the mission by the new landowners. Some attempted to return to their native ways, and others found work as ranch hands or servants on farms and ranches. By 1850, the mission was nearly a ruin. The stone chapel building was deteriorating while most of the adobe buildings were eroding away. The roof collapsed in 1852. When Mexico ceded California to
2490-1075: The Monterey County exhibit within the California Building. This exhibit included natural and industrial products of this part of the state. As part of Carmel's involvement in the Exposition, the Junipero Serra or The Padres performance from the Forest Theater took place on July 30–31, 1915, within the Court of the Universe. This pageant, written and directed by Perry Newberry , was a tribute to Father Junipero Serra and featured prominent citizens of Carmel in its cast, such as Frederick R. Bechdolt and Grant Wallace . Around twenty-five thousand individuals attended these performances. In 1925, Paul Aiken Flanders built
2573-694: The Santa Barbara Mission, The Institute of Iberian Art in Santa Fe, New Mexico, and from the Permanent Art Collection of Brigham Young University. The most important artwork conserved during their initial work was the Deposition , a painting commissioned by Father Serra prior to his death. It now hangs in the vicinity of his tomb in the apse of the Carmel Mission. In 2008, the non-profit Friends of Historic Carmel Mission
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2656-648: The Spanish decorative style seen on the main altar. The mission also serves as a museum, preserving its own history and the history of the area. There are four specific museum galleries: the Harry Downie Museum, describing restoration efforts; the Munras Family Heritage Museum, describing the history of one of the most important area families; the Jo Mora Chapel Gallery, hosting rotating art exhibits as well as
2739-705: The State. The state agreed to return the original mission buildings, cemeteries, and gardens to the church. When the Roman Catholic Church gained full control of the buildings on October 19, 1859, the mission was in ruins. In 1884 Father Angel Casanova was able to gather enough private funds to replace the roof on the chapel sufficient to preserve it until the 1930s. In 1931 Monsignor Philip Scher hired master cabinet maker Henry John ("Harry") Downie who had an excellent reputation for restoring Spanish antiques. Scher initially asked Downie to restore some statues at
2822-662: The United States following the Mexican–American War , the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored, but required that the owners provide legal proof of their title. As required by the Land Act of 1851 , Archbishop Joseph Sadoc Alemany filed a claim on February 19, 1853, on behalf of the Roman Catholic Church . He sought return of all former mission lands in
2905-622: The area in search of a mission site. Portolà and Crespí traveled by land while Serra traveled with supplies aboard ship, arriving eight days later. The colony of Monterey was established at the same time as the second mission in Alta California and soon became the capital of California, remaining so until 1849. From the late 18th through the early 19th century most of the Ohlone population died from European diseases (against which they had no immunity), as well as overwork and malnutrition at
2988-544: The area was divided into rancho grants . The settlement was largely abandoned by the U.S. Conquest of California in 1848 and stayed undeveloped until Santiago J. Duckworth set out to build a summer colony in 1888. When the Carmel Development Company was formed in 1902, Carmel became an art colony and seaside resort , which incorporated in 1916. The first Europeans to see Carmel were mariners led by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo in 1542, who sailed up
3071-457: The area. Carmel incorporated in 1916. In 1905, the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club was formed to support and produce artistic works. After the 1906 San Francisco earthquake , the village was inundated with musicians, writers, painters and other creatives. These new residents were offered home lots—ten dollars as a down payment, little or no interest, and whatever they could afford to pay on
3154-520: The block of Ocean Avenue and Junipero Street. The city park is Carmel's central gathering place for outdoor events. Carmel is located on the Monterey Peninsula , situated on the southern portion of Monterey Bay , on the Central Coast of California . Carmel Pinnacles State Marine Reserve , Carmel Bay State Marine Conservation Area , Point Lobos State Marine Reserve and Point Lobos State Marine Conservation Area are marine protected areas in
3237-485: The business district and restricting the size of residential houses and lots. No sidewalks in the residential area, no streetlights, no commercial development on the beach, preservation of the native trees, one or two stories height limitation, no chain restaurants, and no billboards. These ordinances have helped preserve Carmel's character as a village. On the Monterey County Board of Supervisors, Carmel
3320-572: The businesses, cottages and houses have no street numbers . The 2010 United States Census reported that Carmel-by-the-Sea had a population of 3,722. The population density was 3,445.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,330.3/km ). The racial makeup of Carmel-by-the-Sea was 3,464 (93.1%) White, 11 (0.3%) African American, 8 (0.2%) Native American, 111 (3.0%) Asian, 6 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 45 (1.2%) from other races, and 77 (2.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 174 persons (4.7%). The Census reported that 3,722 people (100% of
3403-559: The central courtyard at a cost of $ 2.2 million. The unsafe, cracked concrete surface was removed and new water and fire lines, drains, sewer, electrical, and communications lines were installed before a more durable concrete surface was poured to match that of the original aggregate poured in the late 1960s. The courtyard fountain was restored. The large Santa Maria style barbecue pits that have been used for community barbecues since 1913 were reinforced and upgraded. The gardens were replanted with native plants and outdoor lighting and electrical
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3486-407: The church's architecture and site, often relying on original Spanish sources, and gathered genuine artifacts from across California. He first restored the padres' quarters, then the roof of the chapel in 1936, and over the next five years the interior of the basilica. In 1941, he oversaw restoration of the former soldiers' quarters on the east side of the quadrangle. In 1943 he began restoration of
3569-482: The communities of Carmel Woods , Hatton Fields , Mission Fields, Mission Tract, Carmel Point , and Carmel Hills. These neighborhoods are officially parts of unincorporated Monterey County , which provides most primary services, including law enforcement, street repairs, and public transit. Except for several shopping areas at the mouth of Carmel Valley, these satellite areas contain few, if any, businesses and serve primarily as bedroom communities to Carmel-by-the-Sea and
3652-498: The cypresses and rocks of Point Lobos, the always varying sunsets and the intriguing shadows of the sand dunes offered a rich field for color experiments." According to the Library of Congress, where over 18,000 of his negatives and prints are on file, Genthe "became famous for his impressionistic portrayals of society women, artists, dancers, and theater personalities." Photographer Edward Weston moved to Carmel in 1929 and shot
3735-486: The first Esselen baptism, the Native Americans at Carmel Mission harvested 1,660 bushels of wheat, 700 bushels of barley, 165 bushels of beans, and 85 bushels of maize. Four years later, the native laborers produced enough crops to support 700 people. The mission had more than 500 cattle and sheep. Carmel Mission continued to grow during most of the 18th century. By 1800, agriculture production at Carmel Mission
3818-545: The first Esselen, Pach-hepas , the 40-year-old chief of the Excelen. He was near death and was baptized in his home village at Xasáuan, about 10 leagues (about 26 mi (42 km)) southeast of the mission, in an area now named Cachagua, a close approximation of the Esselen name. The Esselen and Ohlone Indians who lived near the mission were baptized and then forcibly relocated and conscripted as forced laborers. Over
3901-621: The first church and dwellings until a structure was built of wood from nearby pine and cypress trees to last through the seasonal rains. This too, was a temporary church until a permanent stone edifice was built. In 1784, Serra died and was buried, at his request, at the Mission in the Sanctuary of the San Carlos Church, next to Crespí, who had died the previous year. Serra was buried with full military honors. Carmel Mission contains
3984-416: The first of numerous nature photographs, many set at Point Lobos, on the south side of Carmel Bay. In 1936, Weston became the first photographer to receive a Guggenheim Fellowship for his work in experimental photography. In 1948, after the onset of Parkinson's disease, he took his last photograph, an image of Point Lobos. Weston had traveled extensively with legendary photographer Ansel Adams , who moved to
4067-483: The greater Monterey Peninsula . In July 2024, Carmel-by-the-Sea City Council voted to establish street addresses for the first time in the city. There remains no home mail-delivery in Carmel-by-the-Sea (by contrast with adjacent, "county-Carmel" residential districts). Argyll Campbell served as city attorney of Carmel from 1920 to 1937. He was responsible for drawing up many of Carmel's first zoning laws and ordinances. Campbell backed zoning ordinances that limited
4150-510: The idea for the outdoor stage. In 1906, San Francisco photographer Arnold Genthe joined the Carmel arts colony, where he was able to pursue his pioneering work in color photography. His first attempts were taken in his garden, primarily portraits of his friends, including the leading Shakespearean actor and actress of the period, Edward Sothern and Julia Marlowe, who were costumed as Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Of his new residence, he wrote, "My first trials with this medium were made at Carmel where
4233-584: The indoor theater and continued until 2010. In 1972, a new Forest Theater Guild was incorporated and continues to produce musicals, adding a film series in 1997. In 1905, novelist Mary Austin moved to Carmel. She is best known for her tribute to the deserts of the American Southwest, The Land of Little Rain . Her play, Fire , which she also directed, had its world premiere at the Forest Theater in 1913. Austin has bee credited as suggesting
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#17327657913054316-473: The mission was transferred from a group of Franciscans to the Diocese of Monterey . Ever since, Carmel Mission has been a parish within that diocese. Beginning in 1931, Harry Downie began restoring the mission and worked continuously on the project for the next 50 years. It is the only Spanish mission in California that has its original bell and bell tower. Carmel Mission contains the state's first library. Mission Carmel ( a.k.a. The Carmel Mission )
4399-399: The mission's neophytes and Fages' soldiers. Serra found that the land at the mouth of Carmel Valley , where the Carmel River (named Río del Carmelo by Vizcaíno in 1603 ) runs into Carmel Bay , was better suited for farming. In May 1771, Spain's viceroy approved Serra's petition to relocate the mission. The mission was established in the new location on August 1, 1771; the first mass
4482-406: The missions were high. Deaths exceeded births and the population at Mission San Carlos peaked in 1795, when the population reached a total reported variously as either 876 or 927, but by 1823 the total had dwindled to 381. In the beginning, the mission relied on bear meat from Mission San Antonio de Padua and supplies brought by ship from Mission San Diego de Alcalá . In 1779, four years after
4565-444: The missions where the Spanish forced them to live. Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was founded on June 3, 1770, in the nearby settlement of Monterey , but was relocated to Carmel Valley by Junípero Serra due to interactions between soldiers stationed at the nearby Presidio and the native Indians. In December 1771, a stockade of approximately 130x200 became the new Mission Carmel. Simple buildings of plastered mud were
4648-572: The monumental bronze and travertine cenotaph (1924) sculpted by Jo Mora ; and the Convento Museum, which holds the cell Serra lived and died in, as well as interpretive exhibits. At one end of the museum is a special chapel room containing some of the vestments used by Serra. The mission grounds were also the location of the Junípero Serra School, a private Catholic school for kindergarteners through 8th grade operated by
4731-553: The older facility and renamed it the Golden Bough Playhouse. In 1949, after remounting By Candlelight , the playhouse again burned to the ground. It was rebuilt and reopened in 1952. In 1931, the Carmel Sunset School constructed a new auditorium, complete with Gothic-inspired architecture, with seating for 700. Often doubling as a performing arts venue for the community, the facility was bought by
4814-627: The population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized. There were 2,095 households, out of which 254 (12.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 831 (39.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 138 (6.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 50 (2.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 81 (3.9%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 20 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 934 households (44.6%) were made up of individuals, and 471 (22.5%) had someone living alone who
4897-485: The population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,524 people (40.9%) lived in rental housing units. In 1907, the town's first cultural center and theatre, the Carmel Arts and Crafts Clubhouse, was built. Poets Austin and Sterling performed their "private theatricals" there. By 1913, The Arts and Crafts Club had begun organizing lessons for aspiring painters, actors, and craftsmen. Theatrical activities in
4980-570: The present-day Carmel. A post office called Carmel opened in 1889, closed in 1890, re-opened in 1893, moved in 1902, and closed for good in 1903. Abbie Jane Hunter , founder of the San Francisco-based Women's Real Estate Investment Company, first used the name "Carmel-by-the-Sea" on a promotional postcard. In 1902, James Franklin Devendorf and Frank Hubbard Powers , on behalf of the Carmel Development Company , filed
5063-532: The property. W. J. Curtis built a creamery at the ranch in 1897. The owner retired from the dairy business in 1917 and put 65 cows up for auction. Carmel Martin, the youngest of the Martin boys, sold the ranch on August 23, 1929, to millionaire tycoon Willis J. Walker of Pebble Beach, who was chairman of the Red River Lumber Company. Clint Eastwood bought the ranch in 1986, rescuing it from
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#17327657913055146-529: The radiant heating system and included construction of an Americans with Disabilities Act -compliant restroom. The Basilica restoration was completed in 2013. Over the next few years, the foundation funded restoration of many artifacts in the museum and to preserve historic structures from further decay. This included the Muchado House built in 1883. In 2016, the Foundation funded the restoration of
5229-415: The ruin on the east side of the quadrangle that had been the original padre's kitchen and a blacksmith shop was rebuilt. It is used today as a chapel. Downie also consulted on the restoration of the missions that are considered the most authentic, including San Luis Obispo , San Juan Bautista , and San Buenaventura . He also helped the Native Daughters of the Golden West to reconstruct Mission Soledad . He
5312-416: The state's first library. When Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821, Carmel became Mexican territory . Carmel became part of the United States in 1848, when Mexico ceded California as a result of the Mexican–American War . In the 1850s, "Rancho Las Manzanitas", the area that was to become Carmel-by-the-Sea, was purchased by French businessman Honoré Escolle . Escolle was known and prosperous in
5395-668: The stone installed in 1920 surrounding the fireplace was removed. The foundation is seeking additional funding to pay for seismic retrofits, infrastructure improvements, and restoration of the Mora Museum, Convento Museum, Blessed Sacrament Chapel, and the historic Orchard House Property. The Lost Padre Mines of the Carmel Mission have woven themselves into the tapestry of local folklore, with their legacy recounted through various accounts, including those within Randall Reinstadt's notable works such as Ghosts, Bandits, and Legends of Old Monterey, Carmel and Surrounding Areas and Tales and Treasures of California Missions. These narratives unveil
5478-466: The town began a tradition of presenting plays by Shakespeare with a production of Twelfth Night , directed by Garnet Holme of UC Berkeley and featuring future mayors Perry Newberry and Herbert Heron. Twelfth Night was again presented in 1940 at Heron's inaugural Carmel Shakespeare Festival, and was repeated in 1942 and 1956. In 1915, during the Panama–Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco , various items showcasing Carmel were featured in
5561-407: The town grew, that between 1922 and 1924, two competing indoor theatres were built—the Arts & Crafts Hall and the Theatre of the Golden Bough, designed and built by Edward G. Kuster and originally located on Ocean Avenue. In 1935, after a production of By Candlelight , the Golden Bough was destroyed by fire. Kuster, who had previously bought out the Arts and Crafts Theatre, moved his operation to
5644-427: The waters around Carmel. Carmel-by-the-Sea is situated in a moderate seismic risk zone, the principal threats being the San Andreas Fault , which is approximately thirty miles northeast, and the Palo Colorado Fault which traces offshore through the Pacific Ocean several miles away. More minor potentially active faults nearby are the Church Creek Fault and the San Francisquito Fault. Carmel-by-the-Sea experiences
5727-554: The years about 900 Esselen were baptized and brought to the Two missions at Carmel Valley, Soledad , and San Antonio that surrounding their native land. There was extensive "comingling of the Costanoan with peoples of different linguistic and cultural background during the mission period." The neophytes were taught to be farmers, shepherds, cowboys, blacksmiths, carpenters, bricklayers, furniture makers, tanners, weavers and candle makers. Disease, starvation, overwork, and torture decimated these tribes. The number of natives who died at
5810-406: Was incorporated in 1916 and by 1925 the town adopted a vision of its future as "primarily, essentially and predominantly a residential community" (Carmel-by-the-Sea City Council, 1929). New buildings must be built around existing trees and new trees are required on lots that are deemed to have an inadequate number. The one-square-mile village has no street lights or parking meters. In addition,
5893-402: Was 59.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 77.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.9 males. There were 3,417 housing units at an average density of 3,163.1 per square mile (1,221.3/km ), of which 1,182 (56.4%) were owner-occupied, and 913 (43.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.8%. 2,198 people (59.1% of
5976-413: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.78. There were 1,019 families (48.6% of all households); the average family size was 2.39. The population was spread out, with 381 people (10.2%) under the age of 18, 114 people (3.1%) aged 18 to 24, 544 people (14.6%) aged 25 to 44, 1,355 people (36.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,328 people (35.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
6059-500: Was about 10 mi (16 km) from the nearest Esselen territory, Excelen. The original building in Monterey continued to operate as the Royal Presidio's chapel and later became the current Cathedral of San Carlos Borromeo . "Mission Carmel", as it came to be known, was Serra's favorite and, because it was close to Monterey, the capital of Alta California, he chose it as his headquarters. When he died on August 28, 1784, he
6142-426: Was also the seat of the second missions presidente , Father Fermín Francisco de Lasuén , who was in charge of completing nine more mission churches. In 1833 the mission buildings and lands were secularized by the Mexican government . By the mid-19th century, the Carmel Mission structures had fallen into disrepair. The chapel was saved from total destruction when the roof was rebuilt in 1884. In 1886, ownership of
6225-479: Was celebrated on August 24, and Serra officially took up residence in the newly constructed buildings on December 24. The name of the relocated mission was extended to Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Río Carmelo . It was within a short distance of the Rumsen Ohlone villages of Tucutnut and Achasta. The latter village may have been founded after Mission San Carlos was relocated to Carmel Valley. The mission
6308-553: Was filmed at the Clinton Walker House with scenes filmed at a cottage located at Mission Ranch Hotel and Restaurant. Carmel-by-the-Sea, California Carmel-by-the-Sea ( / k ɑːr ˈ m ɛ l / ), commonly known simply as Carmel , is a town in Monterey County, California , located on the Central Coast of California . As of the 2020 census , the town had a population of 3,220, down from 3,722 at
6391-473: Was finally lost, but relocated once again, during restoration. It was re-installed in the mission bell tower in 1925. As a result of Downie's dedicated efforts to restore the buildings, the Carmel mission church is one of the most authentically restored of all the mission churches in California. Mission Carmel has been designated a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service. It
6474-540: Was formed, independent of the Diocese of Monterey. The organization's goal was to assist the parish and diocese in restoring and preserving the historic landmark. After restoring nine mission bells and many artifacts, the Foundation became the sole funder for the restoration and changed its name to the Carmel Mission Foundation. In 2012, the foundation began a $ 6.2 million capital project to restore
6557-689: Was installed. The foundation also created the Serra Memorial Circle in the Courtyard to honor donors. The foundation worked with the Mission Docent Association to conserve the Our Lady of Bethlehem statue, believed to be one of the oldest statues in California. In 2020, the front perimeter wall deteriorated. The foundation paid for emergency removal of the 30 feet (9.1 m) long perimeter wall and construction of
6640-406: Was interred beneath the chapel floor. After Serra's death, Father Fermín Lasuén replaced the adobe structure with one built of stone quarried from the nearby Santa Lucia Mountains . After the Carmel mission was moved to the mouth of Carmel Valley, the Franciscans began to baptize some natives. By the end of 1771, the population of the mission was 15 with an additional 22 baptized Indians, out of
6723-518: Was knighted by Pope Pius and by King Juan Carlos of Spain. In 1960, the mission was designated as a minor basilica by Pope John XXIII . In 1987, Pope John Paul II visited the mission as part of his U.S. tour. The original bell nicknamed Ave Maria was made in Mexico City in 1807. It was placed at the Mission in 1820. When the mission was secularized in 1834, the bell was removed and held onto by local Native Americans for safekeeping. It
6806-411: Was near its peak. The Mission reported to Mexico that it had 2,180 horses and cattle, and 4,160 smaller livestock, including sheep. The total grain harvested was about 3,700 bushels per year with a high of 7,400 in 1797. In December 1832, the mission reported to Mexico that it had 2,100 cattle, 3,300 sheep, 410 horses, and 8 mules. The Mexican government was concerned that the missions remained loyal to
6889-616: Was the second mission built by Franciscan missionaries in Upper California. It was first established as Mission San Carlos Borromeo in Monterey, California near the native village of Tamo on June 3, 1770, by Father Junípero Serra. It was named for Carlo Borromeo , Archbishop of Milan , Italy , and was the site of the first Christian confirmation in Alta California . Pedro Fages , who served as military governor of Alta California from 1770 to 1774, kept his headquarters in
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