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60-585: Mutare Museum is a museum in Mutare , Zimbabwe . It is one of the four national museums of Zimbabwe and was initially established as a society in 1954 before becoming a national museum in 1959. 18°58′16″S 32°40′02″E  /  18.9711°S 32.6671°E  / -18.9711; 32.6671 This article about a museum in Zimbabwe is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mutare Mutare , formerly known as Umtali until 1982,

120-468: A nature reserve Cecil Kopje and Tigers Kloof. The Mutare Boys' High Chapel was constructed in honour of former Old boys who perished in World War II, situated on a hilly knoll at Mutare Boys High (then Umtali Boys High). Mutare is served by rail with daily passenger and freight links to Nyazura, Rusape and Harare . There are three small aerodromes; the smallest is at Mutare Provincial Hospital,

180-611: A tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw ). Average temperature in January is 27.6 °C (82 °F) and in July (the coldest month) it's 20.3 °C (69 °F). The rainy season runs roughly from November to April. Access to drinking water and sanitation in Mozambique was historically a major problem, alike many of the sub-Saharan African nations. It has been estimated that in developing countries, around 80% of all disease arises as

240-615: A votive offering , as they were discovered near what appeared to be an altar. Mutare was founded in 1897 as a fort, about 8 km from the border with Mozambique , and is just 290 km from the Mozambican port of Beira , earning Mutare the title of "Zimbabwe's Gateway to the Sea". It is sometimes also called "Gateway to the Eastern Highlands". Many Zimbabwean locals refer to it as 'Kumakomoyo' (place of many mountains). There

300-432: A couple of years. The famine, disease and poverty-stricken country collapsed. In Beira, the famous Grande Hotel was occupied by around 1,000 homeless Beirans, and by the end of the civil war it was in near-ruins. The 2000 Mozambique flood devastated Beira and the surrounding region, leaving millions homeless and severely damaging the local economy. During the campaign for the local elections in 2013, which culminated in

360-531: A critical state. There is a main park in the city just before the cricket grounds that is also underutilised and not in good shape. A game park called the Cecil Kop is located in Tigers Kloof and also lacks proper management. Most of the buildings in the city are low-rise buildings with the tallest being 8 floors high. The city has a pleasant ambience. There are generally no sidewalks on all roads outside

420-516: A direct result of inadequate sanitation, poor hygiene, and contaminated water. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, each day around six thousand people die from diseases caused by poor sanitation, while another 300 million Africans have no access to clean water. For Mozambique in 1992, around a fifth of the country's households had access to potable water and the situation for wastewater provision

480-406: A food processing plant and large plantations of pine and wattle forests. Further south along the road to Masvingo , beyond the city limits is the high-density town of Zimunya. Mutare's main industrial areas lie south of the railway and west of Sakubva , although there is some light industry just east of the southern part of the city centre at "Greenmarket" and surrounding areas. These are some of

540-484: A gateway for both the central interior portion of the country as well as the land-locked nations of Zimbabwe , Zambia and Malawi . Originally called Chiveve after a local river, it was renamed Beira to honour the Portuguese Crown prince Dom Luís Filipe (titled Prince of Beira , itself referring to the traditional Portuguese province of Beira ), who had visited Mozambique in the early 19th century. It

600-622: A number of new system elements to extend and upgrade the sewers, wastewater treatment facilities and a drainage system. The new water plant cost €5.6m, while the Beira sanitation system cost €62.65m, with the EU providing €52.95m, and the remaining €9.7m provided by the Mozambique Government. Beira has long been a major trade point for exports coming in and out of Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia and other Southern African nations. Because of this,

660-474: A rapid increase from a population of 69,621 in 1982 and 131,367 in 1992. Mutare, like most cities in Zimbabwe, classifies residential suburbs according to population density: Low density, Medium density and High density. In the past, as was done across Southern Africa during the colonial period, people were segregated to suburbs according to their racial ethnicity. Whites inhabited the Eastern upmarket suburbs

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720-427: A short distance outside the city. The National Railways of Zimbabwe serves Mutare with overnight train service from Harare three times a week, leaving Harare at 9:30PM on Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays, arriving early the next morning at dawn. There are no cross-border rail services from Mozambique, which are limited to freight. The Mutare railway station is just southwest of the city centre. The main activities of

780-698: A vehicle assembly Quest which assembles Buses Trucks and other vehicles. There are also numerous retail outlets, stationery shops, fuel service stations, computer equipment sellers e.g. EMachines, Mutare Computers. There are a number of freight companies e.g. Tinmac, EMaster, Mantray, Augastalane Freight, Madziro, Tisu Anhu Acho among others Banks in Mutare include Stanbic Bank a member of Standard Bank group, CBZ, Nedbank, MBCA, Agribank, POSB, Cabs, Ecobank, BancABC, FBC, First Capital formerly Barclays. Standard Chartered has closed shop in Mutare Civic Center

840-713: A very small light aircraft strip for emergency evacuation (now defunct), a light plane aerodrome in Sakubva near Mutare Teachers College, and the Grand Reef Airport just outside the city at Irene. There is yet a fourth airport which was constructed in Chiadzwa to carry diamonds for processing in Harare. Despite its subtropical location, the city has a humid subtropical climate , of the highland variety moderated by its altitude. Mutare experience drizzle almost throughout

900-636: A wide estuary . The Pungwe crosses 400 kilometres (250 mi) from the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe also through Manica and Sofala provinces to Beira. The city was established in 1890 by the Portuguese and soon supplanted Sofala as the main port in the Portuguese-administered territory. Originally called Chiveve, after a local river, it was renamed to honor the Portuguese Crown prince Dom Luís Filipe who, in 1907,

960-418: Is 818 mm. Rain falls mostly in the months December to February although heavy showers are possible before and after this period. The wettest month on record was January 1926 which received 580 mm while January 1991 received only 24 mm. The city's climate is also influenced by its proximity to the ocean, compared to other Zimbabwean cities. This leads to warm to hot summers and mild winters. Winter

1020-558: Is Westlea (the majority all streets in Westlea are named after Australasian cities, (e.g. Canberra , Auckland , Sydney , Perth and Christchurch ) and Florida (the streets in Florida have English Kings' names, e.g. Henry , Alfred , Richard , George ), as well as the high-density suburb of Chikanga, which was constructed in phases, beginning in the late eighties. Further west of Chikanga lies Garikai, Bernwin and Hobhouse. South of

1080-399: Is Zimbabwes gateway to the sea. The rail system however requires revamping and also including flyovers tunnels and or underpasses to avoid interaction with road traffic. Mutare has numerous hotels including Holiday Inn, Golden Peacock, Mountview, Eastgate and numerous lodges. There are a number of new manufacturing companies such as Willowton which manufactures edible oils, margari Mutare has

1140-472: Is a border railway station on the railway line from Bulawayo to Beira with a railways mechanical workshop. The area was the site of Chief Mutasa's kraal . In 1890 A. R. Coquhoun was given concessionary rights and Fort Umtali (the fort later became Mutare) was established between the Tsambe and Mutare Rivers. The word mutare originates from the word 'Utare' meaning iron (or possibly meaning gold). The name

1200-574: Is home to schools and tertiary institutions : There are a number of private colleges around the city. Beira, Mozambique Beira is where the Pungwe River meets the Indian Ocean . It is the fourth-largest city by population in Mozambique, after Maputo , Matola and Nampula . Beira had a population of 397,368 in 1997, which grew to 530,604 in 2019. A coastal city, it holds the regionally significant Port of Beira , which acts as

1260-628: Is home to the new state university , the Manicaland College of Applied Sciences. To the south east, in the mountains from the Prince of Wales viewpoint (with views of Mozambique below), lies the scenic Vumba Mountain range, an area of immense great natural beauty and temperate climate, and home to an indigenous afromontane forests, exotic trees, such as pine and oak and the upscale, Leopard Rock Hotel, as well as resort areas for horse riding , kayaking , mountain climbing mountain trails,

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1320-497: Is not particularly frosty with cool mornings often followed by mild sunny weather. Spring can feature "four seasons in a day" weather, but from March to June it is generally settled and mild. Temperatures during summer can reach 30 °C (86 °F). Due to its maritime influence, Mutare's temperate climate stands out considering its latitude. Prevailing winds in the city are mainly a cool, moist southeasterly and during late spring and winter alternating with subtropical winds from

1380-606: Is the Catholic University of Mozambique which was established in 1996 by the Catholic church and affiliated with the International Federation of Catholic Universities (IFCU). This private university is locally known as Universidade Catolica de Mocambique (UCM) and has been officially recognized by Mozambique's Ministry of Education and Culture (or Ministério da Educação e Cultura) which oversees

1440-529: Is the Grande Hotel , built by the Portuguese, near the shore of the Indian Ocean . By 1970, the city of Beira had 113,770 inhabitants. After independence from Portugal in 1975, many white ethnic Portuguese left the city. Mozambique was ravaged by a civil war from 1977 to 1992, opposing Marxist FRELIMO , which controlled the government, to the rebels of RENAMO , descending to near total chaos in

1500-464: Is the Mutare city council headquarters. It issues licenses e.g. shop licences, parking licenses, dog licensing, housing, industry planning certification online and other local authority by law certifications. Mutare has a small aerodrome that services small aircraft, helicopters. The city is in dire need of a proper airport for meaningful tourism to occur. There is also need for improved road networks, shopping mall/s and improved social amenities. Mutare

1560-503: Is the capital and largest city in the province of Manicaland . It is the third most populated in Zimbabwe . Having surpassed Gweru in the 2012 census, with an urban population of 224,802 and approximately 260,567 in the surrounding districts, Mutare adds to the wider metropolitan area a total population of over 500,000 people. Mutare is also the capital of Manicaland Province and the largest city in eastern Zimbabwe. Located near

1620-564: The places of worship , they are predominantly Christian churches and temples: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Beira ( Catholic Church ), Reformed Church in Mozambique , Igreja Presbiteriana de Moçambique (both World Communion of Reformed Churches ), Convenção Baptista de Moçambique ( Baptist World Alliance ), Universal Church of the Kingdom of God , Assemblies of God , Zion Christian Church , and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints . There are also Muslim mosques. The city

1680-539: The port of Beira is the second largest in Mozambique. The importance of the port was shown during the Mozambique Civil War, when Zimbabwean troops protected the Beira–Bulawayo railway and Beira to Mutare highway in order to continue trade. The railway to Zimbabwe was originally 610 mm ( 2 ft ) in 1890, but was converted to 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ) in 1900. In 2008,

1740-473: The A9 turns southward into the southern Eastern Highlands and Chimanimani . To the east is EN9 which connects Mutare to Chimoio and with the coastal city of Beira . Traffic is often heavy since this is one of Zimbabwe's main routes to the sea. There is also a lot of cross-border traffic with people visiting the nearby cities of Manica and Chimoio. Commuter buses are a popular way of travelling for traffic across

1800-429: The Mozambique transportation minister, Paulo Zucula , stated that the government is planning on modernizing the Beira and more northern Nacala ports for an estimated cost of $ 900m; $ 500m and 400m respectively. The government has also stated that it plans on modernizing surrounding railway and highway infrastructure so that the port is better connected to the nation's mines. There is also a ferry service in Beira, linking

1860-530: The Portuguese Crown elevated Beira to the status of city ( cidade ). Headquarters of the Companhia de Moçambique ( Mozambique Company ) from 1891, the city's administration passed from the trading company to the Portuguese government in 1942. In 1966, the construction of a new railway station was completed. Before Mozambique's independence from Portugal, as a city of Portuguese Mozambique , Beira

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1920-702: The Railway station up to the (then Umtali Club) now Mutare Club. The Tramway was at the centre of Main Street where the palm trees now stand. There were plans to set up a Stock Exchange in Umtali. The main post office was at the site where CABS centre now stands. The town lies north of the Bvumba Mountains and south of the Imbeza Valley. Christmas Pass is a mountain pass that leads into the city from

1980-528: The area are farming farming- forestry, dairy, horticulture, mining, manufacturing, services - the city's name Mutare is derived from "metal" Utare possibly gold which used to be smelted by the indigenous population for centuries - and forestry. Two of the largest food producers in Zimbabwe, Cairns Foods and Tanganda Tea , operate in Mutare. Mining includes gold at Redwing Mine, Penhalonga and some smaller mines, diamonds in Marange and gravel quarries around

2040-510: The border and from outlying villages. Higher quality intercity buses are also available to both Harare and Beira, Mozambique . Mutare is served by a small airport that is largely geared toward small aircraft and chartered flights. The nearest international gateway is in, Harare some 214 km (133 mi) west.there is the Aerodrome close to sakubva and the Grand Reef Airport in Irene just

2100-473: The border with Mozambique , Mutare has long been a centre of trade and a key terminus en route to the port of Beira (in Beira, Mozambique ). Mutare is hub for trade with railway links, pipeline transport and highways linking the coast with Harare and Zimbabwe's interior. Other traditional industries include timber , papermaking, commerce, food processing, telecommunications, and transportation. In addition

2160-471: The city and in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and moved elsewhere. South of the city, hidden from view from the rest of the city by a series of hills, is the high-density suburb of Dangamvura. The affluent areas of Weirmouth (Plots) and Fern Valley are also on the southern outskirts of the city; in these areas, residential lots exceed an acre, and market gardening is an economic activity. Nearby Fern Valley,

2220-622: The city centre and the downtown area seems more dilapidated and neglected. The post-independent city council does not seem to have strict building codes for new office and commercial buildings in the city centre which would allow for the expansion of high and modern architecture for a growing city that aims to match global standards. Mutareans, like most of Zimbabweans, prefer to live in houses made of brick, usually brick under tile or asbestos. There are no shanty towns, shacks or squatter camps in Mutare as they are illegal and residents could face penalties or demolition for not building houses to code. As

2280-406: The city expands and develops, the town planners have not considered playgrounds for children, street naming, pedestrian pavements, cycle tracks, proper drainage and flora (tree-lined streets) in their planning of new suburbs generally resulting in unpleasant-looking narrow neighbourhood streets. There have been problems with wastewater treatment , meaning that at times untreated wastewater runs into

2340-497: The city serves as a gateway to the scenic Eastern Highlands , nearby Gorongosa National Park , and the Mozambique coast. Although the city was founded in the late nineteenth century, the region has a long history of trading caravans passing through on the way to the Indian Ocean , from ports such as Sofala , to inland settlements, such as Great Zimbabwe . Zimbabwe is also renowned for its soapstone carvings and figurines which are evidence of these trade routes, dating as far back as

2400-620: The city to neighboring cities, including Nova Sofala and other coastal towns. Beira is served by an airport to the northeast of the city, with both domestic and international flights. The city has three public university campuses, namely the Zambeze University (with headquarters and rectory in the city), the Licungo University and the Higher Institute of Health Sciences. One of the major universities here

2460-418: The city. There are a number of forestry companies including The Wattle Company, Allied Timbers, formerly FCZ, Border Timbers and Timcon Investments. The main timber products include rough sawn timber, wattle bark, charcoal, various doors and frames and mouldings. The major timber produced is pine , sydney blue gum , black wattle , and some hardwoods on a smaller scale. The railway is linked to Mocambique and

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2520-584: The late African Iron Age (c. 900 AD) right up to the colonial period. A large hoard of soapstone carvings, jewellery, weapons, sherds and other objects were found in the vicinity of Mutare by the British archaeologist E M Andrews at the beginning of the twentieth century - they were later donated by the trustees of Cecil Rhodes to the British Museum in 1905. The soapstone figures, which are both anthropomorphic and zoomorphic , might have been part of

2580-469: The low-density suburbs, with Coloured people (mixed race) living in suburbs like Florida and black Africans being segregated to the townships of Sakubva and Dangamvura. The most upscale suburbs (low-density suburbs) such as Murambi, Fairbridge Park, Morningside, Tiger's Kloof and the Avenues are located on the north and east ends of the city. The suburb of Avenues is found just east of the city centre on

2640-430: The major suburbs of Mutare. . The city has one of the most important railway stations on the Beira–Bulawayo railway . Mutare is generally a clean town with the city council collecting rubbish daily. Most of the roads in the older parts of the city are paved (or were paved before), however, due to years of neglect and mismanagement and corruption, public infrastructure is in a shambles with roads and street lighting in

2700-485: The north in summer. Mutare racial makeup, 1965 In 1965, Mutare had a population of 46,000. The racial makeup was split between 36,100 black Africans, 560 Asians , 340 Coloureds , and 9,100 whites . The population is predominantly Shona , the majority of them speaking the Manyika dialect. Manyika people are locally known as Samanyika. According to the 2012 census data, Mutare has a population of 260,567. This marks

2760-497: The overall education system. A second major university is the Jean Piaget University of Mozambique, locally termed da Universidade Jean Piaget de Moçambique(UNIPIAGET). This Portugal based University was founded in 2004 by Instituto Piaget , a non-profit cooperative, and is just one of seven campuses established across the globe. There is a Portuguese international school, Escola Portuguesa da Beira. Among

2820-462: The plant was opened by the country's President Armando Emílio Guebuza the day after he formally launched the next stage of the project to deal with Beira's sewage. Construction of the Beira treatment plant was carried out during a period of 30 months and was completed in June 2012. This latest part of the scheme consists of rehabilitating the existing sanitation network, together with the construction of

2880-407: The railway tracks, is the working class suburb of Sakubva, which contains nearly half of the city's population despite an area of less than four square miles. Sakubva is considered to be the poorest of Mutare's suburbs, and its economy is centred around a large outdoor food and flea market and the "Musika weHuku" (The Chicken Market). The market has been recently razed in the recent exercise to clean up

2940-543: The river in Sakubva township. There are clinics in all suburbs as well as a main general hospital and infectious diseases hospital. Maternity hospitals are also available in the city. The city generally has very good infrastructure that may need a bit of working on. Mutare is well-connected by several roads which are asphalted and decent, but potholes are increasingly common. The A3 motorway leads inland towards Harare and also passes through Rusape and Marondera , while

3000-585: The victory of the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM) in the municipality, the Munhava district was the scene of violent clashes between police and supporters of the MDM. In 2019, Cyclone Idai caused extreme devastation in Beira. It struck the city on March 14, 2019, with winds of up to 177 km/h (106 mph), and caused flooding up to six meters deep across Mozambique. Beira features

3060-583: The way to Tiger's Kloof and Murambi, bordering Morningside. East of the CBD is the suburbs of Palmerstone, Darlington, Greenside and Bordervale, which are all near the border with Mozambique. In the west are the medium-density (i.e. middle class) suburbs, the largest and most famous being Yeovil - (the majority of street names in Yeovil are named after English counties e.g. Sussex Gardens, Hampshire , Devonshire , Somerset ). Then more recently developed after Yeovil

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3120-709: The west. The pass was so named by some of the colonial pioneers who camped at the foot of the pass on Christmas Day 1890. Mutare is home to several tourist attractions such as, the Mutare Museum , the Utopia House Museum dedicated to Kingsley Fairbridge , the National Gallery of Zimbabwe , Murahwa Hill, known for its rock paintings and Iron Age village, Cross Kopje with a memorial to Zimbabweans and Mozambicans killed in World War I and

3180-473: The year. The average annual temperature is 19 °C, surprisingly low for its moderate altitude (about the same as Harare which is 360 metres higher.) This is due to its sheltered position against the mountain ridge of Cecil Kop which encourages cool breezes from lower altitude to the east and south. The coldest month is July (minimum 6 °C and maximum 20 °C) and the hottest month is October (minimum 16 °C and maximum 32 °C). The annual rainfall

3240-458: Was even worse. This was a serious public health issue in an area where cholera, dysentery and other water-borne diseases are endemic. With the inauguration of the new water treatment plant at Mutua in May 2007, an important milestone was passed in Mozambique's ambitious drive towards improving its provision of potable water and sanitation. Doubling the supply of water to the cities of Beira and Dondo,

3300-484: Was first developed by the Portuguese Mozambique Company in the 19th century, supplanting Sofala as the country's main port. It was then directly developed by the Portuguese colonial government from 1947 until Mozambique gained its independence from Portugal in 1975. Beira is the second largest seaport for international cargo transportation to Mozambique after Maputo . In March 2019, the city

3360-547: Was heavily damaged by Cyclone Idai , destroying up to 90% of the city. Beira is located on the Mozambique Channel , an arm of the Indian Ocean located between Madagascar and Mozambique . The city sits north of the mouth of the convergence of two major rivers of Mozambique: the Buzi River and the Pungwe River . The Buzi crosses 250 kilometres (160 mi) across Manica and Sofala provinces to form

3420-523: Was noted for its well-equipped seaport , one of the major facilities of its kind in all East Africa , tourism , fishing and trade . The city prospered as a cosmopolitan port with different ethnic communities (Portuguese, Indian, Chinese, Bantus such as the Sena and Ndau ) employed in administration, commerce, and industry. A large English-speaking population was the result of being a favourite holiday destination for white Rhodesians . One reminder of this

3480-516: Was paid by the British South Africa Company to the townspeople for the cost of moving. The town was proclaimed a municipality on 11 June 1914 and in 1971 it was granted city status. The name was officially changed from Umtali to Mutare in 1982. The white population in Umtali dropped from 9,950 in 1969 to 8,600 in June 1978. The city had a tramway from January 26, 1897, to May 23, 1921, which transported passengers from

3540-533: Was probably given to the river as a result of gold being discovered in the Penhalonga valley through which the Mutare River runs. In 1891 the location was moved to a site now known as Old Mutare , about 14 km north of the city centre. In 1896 the construction of the railway between Beira and Bulawayo led to the town being moved a third time so that it was closer to the railway line – compensation

3600-407: Was the first member of the Portuguese royal family to visit Mozambique. Traditionally the Portuguese Crown prince carried the title of Prince of Beira , a historical province of mainland Portugal . The Portuguese built the port and a railway to Rhodesia , Portuguese families settled in the newly founded locality and started to develop commercial activities. With the growth of the village, in 1907

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