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35-486: The current name "Mukalla" (المكلا) is derived from the Arabic verb "kala" (كلا), meaning "to preserve" or "to nurture." This reflects the city's historical role as a safe harbor and bustling port, providing shelter and nurturing trade in the region. However, several other names and epithets have been associated with Mukalla throughout its history, each offering insights into its development and cultural significance: Mukalla

70-405: A U.S drone strike inside an army base. On July 10, U.S drone strikes killed 10 AQAP fighters inside a vehicle also carrying a container loaded with weapons, including three senior leaders among the dead. On August 12, a U.S drone strike killed five AQAP members inside a car, when they traveling to Mukalla. On September 9, 2015, suspected U.S drone strikes targeted a group of AQAP militants in

105-514: A car around the Mukalla, including the commander Mamoun Abdulhamid Hatem. AQAP confirmed Hatem's death in September 2018. On June 10, 2015, suspected drone strikes attacked and killed three AQAP fighters, including a commander, at the Mukalla port. Six days later, on June 16, AQAP confirmed that a U.S drone strike had killed its AQAP Emir, Nasir al-Wuhayshi , and that it had replaced him with

140-856: A cautionary tale. ... What we don’t know is this: almost anything about the function of the buildings excavated in Sector Three at Qanīʾ" 14°01′30″N 48°20′31″E  /  14.02500°N 48.34194°E  / 14.02500; 48.34194 Battle of Mukalla (2016) [REDACTED]   United Arab Emirates * [REDACTED] Hadrami Elite Forces Supported by : [REDACTED]   Republic of Yemen Armed Forces Ansar al-Shariah campaign (2011–14) Houthi rebellion (2014) Bombings and terrorist attacks in Yemen Houthi missile and drone attacks in Yemen Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia Houthi attacks on

175-599: A coalition victory, in which the coalition forces gained control of Mukalla and the surrounding coastal areas. Mukalla is the provincial capital of the Hadhramaut Governorate and the fifth largest city in Yemen . The city and most of the Southern province around it fell to Al-Qaeda control during an Al-Qaeda offensive there in early April 2015. The Islamist group eventually captured Mukalla, leading them to

210-613: A core member of the Saudi-led coalition, recently led an operation to recapture AQAP-held al Hawta in Lahij governorate, amid reports the country is seeking U.S. assistance for an expanded counter-terrorism campaign in Yemen. Mukalla was recaptured from Al Qaeda on 25 April 2016 and lasted for one day after 2,000 Yemeni and Emirati troops advanced into the city, taking control of its port and airport and setting up checkpoints throughout

245-505: A local agent that hardcore AQAP fighters will gather to coordinate street-by-street defense of Al Mukalla. The building in question was a large warehouse owned by the Yemeni Economic Corporation, located about 500 meters west of Chinese bridge. The building was not occupied by civilians and had been characterised by persistent surveillance as being used solely by AQAP. UAE drones watched about 120 AQAP fighters entering

280-431: A new headquarter for the group, and allowing Al-Qaeda to steal more than 200 million American dollars from the Mukalla central bank, and to free more than 300 of its fighters from the provincial prison. After the takeover, United States conducted many airstrikes against the group killing a big number of them. The first incident was reported on May 11, 2015, when a U.S drone strike killed four AQAP militants traveling in

315-648: A place that later became known as al-Quṣayr – and Berenike situated on the western shore of the Red Sea, and from there transported by ship to trade centers in Arabia, Ethiopia and India . The alleged ruins of a Jewish synagogue were also discovered in Biʾr ʿAlī, dating back to at least the 3rd century CE. It is presumed that Jewish merchants from Hellenistic communities outside of Yemen may have eventually chosen to settle in that place, where they would have been occupied in

350-562: A police base, killing at least 25 police recruits and wounding at least 54 others. After the liberation of Mukalla, Major-General Faraj Al-Bahsani, the then-governor of the Hadhramaut governorate, said that they were now working on rebuilding health and education services, new homes and a local police force. During a press visit by The Independent in August 2018, the city appeared to be secured. Multiple checkpoints were present outside

385-530: A result of the attack. The UAE struck back almost immediately, when AQAP commanders Abu Salem and Helmi al-Zengi tried to flee the city, an Apache helicopter followed their vehicles until the've reached open desert where there was no risk of collateral damage, the Apache then launched hellfire missiles into the vehicles killing both of them. UAE F-16s also struck three AQAP sites in the city of Zinjibar. on April 23, 2016, UAE Intelligence received intel from

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420-491: Is fitted with oil pipe line for tankers. Oil tanks located close to the port. A cement factory of the "RAYSUT" Omani-Yemeni company (Oman-Yemen company) located in the port and is able to receive cement in bulk from cement carriers. The old town is open for tourists. Sights include the royal palace of the sultan. Guard towers that were outposts surmount the vicinity of the old town. Nearby are Hadhramaut Mountains , such as that of Husn Ghuraf. The HUCOM (College of Medicine) of

455-503: Is not far from Qana , the ancient principal Hadrami trading post between India and Africa , with incense producing areas in its hinterland . Mukalla was founded in 1035 as a fishing settlement. After witnessing a struggle for control by the Kathiri and Qu'aiti Sultanates in the 19th and 20th centuries, it became the capital of the Qu'aiti State of Hadhramaut . The Qu'aiti Sultanate

490-631: The Hadhramout University is located in Mukalla. Weather Atlas (sun hours) Bi%27r Ali Biʾr ʿAlī is a village in eastern Yemen . It is located in the Shabwah Governorate . The name means "Ali's Well " in Arabic . In pre-Islamic times, the port was called Qanīʾ (Qane, Cana, Ancient Greek : Κάνη ). In antiquity, Qanīʾ was mainly a trading port for spices from India and Eastern coast of Africa. Describing

525-597: The Riyan Airport near Mukalla. Reports said that two to four militants were killed, along with four civilians. Some days later, on September 12, five AQAP fighters were killed in another U.S drone strike inside Mukalla. On March 23, 2016, a U.S airstrike killed more than 50 AQAP fighters in a camp in Mukalla at dinner time, and injured more than 30. At 06:30 hours on 6 October, three UAE command centers in Aden were hit by powerful car bombs, 5 Emirati soldiers died as

560-551: The 1890s to enter and exit the Wadi Hadhramaut : “Our starting-point for the interior was Makalla, which is 230 miles from Aden, and is the only spot between Aden and Maskat which has any pretensions to the name of port. The name itself means 'harbour'… Here we were deposited in December 1893 by a chance steamer, one which had been chartered and on which for a consideration we were allowed to take passage. I took turns with

595-532: The Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) stormed the central prison, freeing hundreds of prisoners including two senior AQAP commanders. They attacked the central bank and seized 17 billion Yemeni riyals and 1 million U.S. dollars before taking control of the presidential palace in the city. It was reported the entire city was under their control and they planned to establish an Islamic emirate in the wider Hadramaut region. Mukalla became AQAP's headquarters, and

630-529: The King usually wrought gold and silver plate, also horses, images, and thin clothing of fine quality. And there are exported from this place, native produce, frankincense and aloes, and the rest of the things that enter into the trade of the other ports. The voyage to this place is best made at the same time as that to Muza, or rather earlier. Wine jars ( amphorae ) dating back to the 1st century CE were discovered in Biʾr ʿAlī in 1988, in an underwater excavation along

665-536: The Kingdom of Eliazus, the frankincense country; and facing it there are two desert islands, one called Island of Birds, the other Dome Island, one hundred and twenty stadia from Cana. Inland from this place lies the Metropolis Sabbatha, in which the King lives. All the frankincense produced in the country is brought by camels to that place to be stored, and to Cana on rafts held up by inflated skins after

700-542: The United Arab Emirates U.S. raids on al-Qaeda Military operations Diplomacy Effects The Second Battle of Mukalla refers to an armed conflict between al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) and the Saudi-led Coalition. The aim of the coalition offensive was to disable the newly resurgent al-Qaeda Emirate in Yemen by recapturing its capital, Mukalla . The battle led to

735-597: The capital of their Emirate in Yemen after their takeover. In April 2015 Yemeni Al-Qaida leader Nasser bin Ali al-Ansi was killed in a US drone strike in the city, the SITE Intelligence Group said, citing media reports. On 23 March 2015, a US airstrike hit an AQAP training camp, killing at least 50 people. Some days later, AQAP held a major rally in the city, against the US and their airstrikes. In April 2016, it

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770-564: The captain to sleep in his cabin, but there was nothing but the deck for the others.” In 1967, Mukalla lost its status of capital city of the Qu'aiti Sultanate as it became a part of the communist People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and following the Yemeni unification in 1990, it became part of what is modern-day Yemen . During the Yemeni Civil War , on 2 April 2015, Al-Qaida in

805-521: The city and weapons were not allowed to be brought into the city. The main market souq is one of the main commercial hubs of the city. Mukalla port is located to the east of the town. The port is available for vessels with length not more than 150 metres (490 feet), as per Pilot Book Pilot Directions (as of 2010). At the same time two vessels with the length 150 metres (490 feet) each and about 20 small fishing vessels can stay alongside in Mukalla port (fishing vessel moored alongside one to another). The port

840-538: The city to other parts of Hadramaut Province. This occurred after negotiations with local tribesmen and clerics, allegedly to avoid injury to civilians and destruction of the city from attacks against AQAP fighters. By April 25, Pro-Hadi Government forces and UAE forces had fully recaptured Mukalla, along with the rest of the coastal regions of the Hadramaut Province. On the same day, coalition officials stated that more than 800 AQAP fighters had been killed in

875-619: The city. The UAE has established a primary base of operations against AQAP in the liberated city. The special operations base has enabled the CIA and the Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) to target AQAP's strongest cells in Yemen and allowed for an enhanced UAE-US cooperation against AQAP. On 15 May 2016, a suicide attack was carried out in the city by Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant . The attack targeted

910-545: The fighting, but that number was disputed by Yemeni journalists who covered the event, who said that the group retreated after negotiations. By 26 April, Mukalla and the rest of the surrounding towns and cities had been cleared of AQAP forces. US Defense Secretary James Mattis called the UAE-led operation a model for American troops, citing how the United Arab Emirates Armed Forces liberated

945-534: The group's military chief, Qasim al-Raymi . A day after Nasir's death, AQAP executed two Saudi citizens in its territory after accusing them of being spies of U.S and helping them to find the location of the AQAP leaders. On June 25, a U.S drone strike killed four AQAP militants - including a commander - inside their car outside an AQAP training facility in Mukalla. Another strike hit nearby, but no casualties were reported. On July 3, four AQAP fighters were killed by

980-518: The manner of the country, and in boats. And this place has a trade also with the far side ports, with Barygaza and Scythia and Ommana and with the neighbouring coast of Persia. There are imported into this place from, Egypt, a little wheat and wine, as at Muza (near present day: Mocha, Yemen ) ; clothing in the Arabian style, plain and common and most of it spurious; and copper and tin and coral and storax and other things such as go to Muza; and for

1015-587: The part of his voyage after leaving the Red Sea and Aden, the author of the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea wrote in 50 CE: After Eudaemon , Arabia (present day Aden) there is a continuous length of coast, and by extending 2000 stadia or more, along which there are nomads and Fish Eaters living in villages; just beyond the cape projecting from this bay there is another market town by the shore, Cana, of

1050-555: The pro-Ansar al Sharia Hadhrami Domestic Council, while also evacuating and planting explosives around nearby al Dhaba oil port. AQAP also arrested seven Yemeni fighters from a camp north of Mukalla in Wadi Hadramaut, where the UAE is reportedly training forces for operations against AQAP. AQAP is also redistributing property from northern landowners to local tribal leaders in an effort to shore up support, according to reports. The UAE,

1085-699: The shores of the Indian Ocean. On one of the jars is inscribed a word in the Palmyrene (Tadmori) alphabet and a word in Syriac script. The conclusion drawn by researchers, B. Davidde and R. Petriaggi, is that from the mid-1st century CE wine was imported from Italy and Syria upon camels that disembarked from Coptos ( Qift ) which lies along the banks of the Nile River in Egypt, thence unto ports Myos Hormos –

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1120-505: The trade of aromatics. This assumption is based on the five-lined Greek inscription that was preserved in the synagogue of ancient Qanīʻ (Biʾr ʿAlī), the content of which being a petition by a man named Kosmās unto the One God ( eis theos ) that he will protect his caravan ( synodia ) while traversing the vast wastelands. However, the identification of the site has been strongly questioned by scientists: "The mirage of Qanīʾ’s Jews serves as

1155-445: The warehouse. An Emirati F-16 released a single 2,000-lb bomb fused to airburst immediately after piercing the roof. It struck dead centre. Almost everyone in the building was killed, judging by the relatively small number of ambulances that came and went in the hour after the strike. On April 24, 2016, UAE soldiers entered Mukalla, successfully killing around 30 AQAP fighters. On the same day, Al-Qaeda fighters began withdrawing from

1190-617: Was part of the Eastern Aden Protectorate until that merger, and a British Resident Advisor was stationed at Mukalla. The other major cities of the Sultanates were Ash-Shihr and Shibam . Captain Haines, a British officer who surveyed Yemen in the 1830s, described Mukalla as a town of 4,500 inhabitants with a significant trade in slaves. British explorers Theodore Bent and Mabel Bent used Mukalla several times in

1225-419: Was reported that AQAP bounds at last 1,000 of its fighters inside the Mukalla only, with their tax collection in the city ranging from 2 to higher than 5 million U.S. dollars per day. On 3 November 2015, Cyclone Chapala struck Mukalla and destroyed the city's waterfront. In mid April 2016, AQAP was consolidating its control in Mukalla and took over control of Mukalla's airport from forces affiliated with

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