38-430: The Multi Interface Shoe ( a.k.a. MI Shoe or MIS ) is a proprietary camera hotshoe introduced by Sony in 2012, replacing an assortment of other proprietary hotshoes used by Sony in various types of cameras in the past. The Multi Interface Shoe is a proprietary camera hotshoe introduced by Sony on 12 September 2012, replacing an assortment of other proprietary hotshoes used by Sony in various types of cameras in
76-460: A PC terminal, both are typically wired to the same trigger contact in the camera rather than triggered independently as in cameras with electronic triggering circuits. When only the PC terminal is used and nothing is connected to the hotshoe, a flash with high trigger circuit voltages connected to the PC terminal delivers this voltage on the normally unprotected middle contact of the camera's ISO hotshoe. If
114-509: A camera with built-in flash and no hot shoe. The trigger voltages provided by some modern flashes or radio triggers can also be too low to reliably trigger electronic circuits in the camera or receiver. Trigger circuit voltages below ca. 2 to 2.5 volts may exhibit this problem, unless the triggering circuit is specifically designed to work with such low voltages. Older cameras equipped with an electro-mechanical trigger contact may exhibit yet another problem. If they provide both an ISO hotshoe and
152-535: A focus-assist light or fire a lower-powered pre-flash for focus-assist, metering assist or red-eye effect reduction. The physical dimensions of the "standard hot shoe" are defined by the International Organization for Standardization ISO 518:2006. Measured on a Nikon D3400 , the internal dimensions are 18.7 mm x 18.0 mm x 2.05 mm whereas the external dimensions are 20.7 mm x 18 mm x 5.1 mm. The spacing between
190-405: A galvanic isolator and could withstand 400 volts DC or AC. The similar Sony flash sync terminal and ISO hotshoe adapters FA-ST1AM and FA-HS1AM also offer galvanic isolation as well, but only up to 60 volts DC or AC. Flash servos and radio triggers, e.g. PocketWizard , can also provide electrical isolation, as trigger and receiver unit are physically separate. The camera is only presented with
228-531: A mechanical shutter contact. The flash is connected electrically to the camera either by a cable with a standardized coaxial PC (for Prontor/Compur) 3.5 mm (1/8") connector (as defined in ISO 519 ), or via contacts in an accessory mount ( hot shoe ) bracket. Faster shutter speeds are often better when there is significant ambient illumination, and flash is used to flash fill subjects that are backlit without motion blur , or to increase depth of field by using
266-412: A metal contact point which completes an electrical connection between camera and accessory for standard, brand-independent flash synchronization . The hot shoe is a development of the standardised " accessory shoe " or " cold shoe ", with no flash contacts, formerly fitted to cameras to hold accessories such as a rangefinder, or flash connected by a cable . The dimensions of the hot shoe are defined by
304-420: A non-ISO-based 13+1 pin hot shoe, named Mini Advanced Shoe on some of its camcorders. An internal camera circuit connects the center contact and shoe mount to trigger the flash. The magnitude and polarity of the voltage between the contacts on the flash in the open-circuit condition has varied between different flash units; this is of no consequence for a simple electromechanical contact on the camera so long as
342-416: A small aperture . In another creative use, the photographer of a moving subject may deliberately combine a slow shutter speed with flash exposure in order to record motion blur of the ambient-lit regions of the image superimposed on the flash-lit regions. X-sync (for xenon sync ) is the simplest mode; the xenon flash is fired at the instant the shutter is fully open. Electronic flash equipment produces
380-777: A variety of other proprietary hotshoes for other digital cameras, including the ISO-based 6-pin Cyber-shot hotshoe, the 16-pin Active Interface Shoe (AIS) and the ISO-based 16-pin Intelligent Accessory Shoe (IAS). Some of their NEX cameras used a proprietary Smart Accessory Terminal (versions 1 and 2). In September 2012, Sony announced a new ISO-based 21+3 pin Multi Interface Shoe for use with their future digital cameras of
418-406: A very short flash. X sync is a mode designed for use with electronic flash. In this mode, the timing of the contacts coincides exactly with the full opening of the shutter, since xenon flashes respond almost instantly. Due to their construction, focal plane shutters, as used on most single-lens reflex cameras (SLRs), only allow normal xenon flash units to be used at shutter speeds slow enough that
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#1732772360338456-499: Is possible to connect an older high-voltage triggering flash to a camera which can only tolerate 5 or 6 volts through an adaptor containing the necessary voltage protection circuitry, typically using a high power TRIAC . Such adapters drain power from the flash's trigger voltage and therefore often do not need a power supply of their own. In order to avoid dangerous loops when connecting equipment in complex studio setups, better adapters offer voltage protection and galvanic isolation of
494-796: Is pulled low via a 470 kΩ resistor. The first cameras to use the Multi Interface Shoe are the SLT-A99 , NEX-6 , NEX-VG900 , NEX-VG30 , DSC-RX1 and DSC-HX50 . It is also used on all newer cameras including the ILCA -series and ILCE -series. In 2014, the Hasselblad HV has become the first third-party camera to support the Multi Interface Shoe as well. In 2013, Sony released a third hotshoe adapter, named ADP-MAC. It allows to mount equipment with Active Interface Shoe onto cameras with Multi Interface Shoe. The Multi Interface Shoe
532-428: The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in ISO 518:2006. Details such as trigger voltage are not standardised; electrical incompatibilities are still possible between brands. The hot shoe is shaped somewhat like an inverted, squared-off "U" of metal. The matching adapter on the bottom of the flash unit slides in from the back of the camera and is sometimes secured by a clamping screw or sliding clamp on
570-449: The shutter admitting light to photographic film or electronic image sensor . In cameras with mechanical ( clockwork ) shutters synchronization is supported by an electrical contact within the shutter mechanism, which closes the circuit at the appropriate moment in the shutter opening process. In electronic digital cameras , the mechanism is usually a programmable electronic timing circuit, which may, in some cameras, take input from
608-608: The "F2" and "F3" signals; the Auto-lock hotshoe's "F1" signal is connected to the middle contact of the Multi Interface shoe, not pin 20 ("F1#"), which is left open. MIS pins 7 and 15 ("REG_GND") are internally connected to both sides of the frame as well as to the GND signal of the Auto-lock shoe's side. "MIC_GND" pin 4 is left open. The ADP-AMA's Auto-lock hotshoe features a switch, which shorts MIS pin 21 ("PGND") to "GND" when
646-618: The Alpha, NEX, Handycam , NXCAM and Cyber-shot series. This quick-lock hotshoe is mechanically and electrically compatible with a standard 2-pin ISO-518 hotshoe, but electrically compatible with the previous Auto-lock Accessory Shoe with extensions, so that passive adapters ADP-AMA and ADP-MAA allow the use of digital-ready iISO flashes on new cameras and some new Multi Interface Shoe equipment on older cameras, while providing compatibility with standard ISO-based equipment as well. Canon uses
684-524: The Multi Interface Shoe resembles a standard ISO 518 hotshoe with middle contact and frame ground and without any vendor-specific extra contacts, but additional electrical contacts are hidden under the front of the hotshoe. Therefore, the hotshoe is mechanically compatible with any ISO 518-based equipment, and while it does not allow to control third-party flashes, ISO-based flashes can be triggered at least. The hotshoe also features three holes in its metal base in order to support an optional locking mechanism in
722-490: The ability to produce a longer-duration flash to permit flash synchronization at shorter shutter speeds, therefore called high-speed sync ( HSS ). Instead of delivering one burst of light, the units deliver several smaller bursts over a time interval as short as 1/125 of a second. This allows light to be delivered to the entire area of the film or image sensor even though the shutter is never fully open at any moment, similar to FP sync. Many digital SLRs include an option to fire
760-546: The adapter is mounted on a hotshoe without hole (as on a camera, or with ADP-MAA or FS-1200). Otherwise pin 21 is left open in the adapter (indicating wired or remote use). Assuming that pin 21 is tied to PGND in a camera's hotshoe, this allows flashes compatible with the Multi Interface Shoe to detect if they are mounted on the camera or not as it is necessary for ADI to work. In the ADP-MAA adapter, pins 2 and 3 ("ID2" and "ID1") are directly connected to GND, whereas pin 1 ("ID3")
798-400: The camera's battery were also made, but not widely used. Konica Minolta and Sony Alpha digital SLR cameras are based on Minolta designs and used the same connector, officially named Auto-lock Accessory Shoe , as well up to 2012. Since the electrical protocol remained mostly compatible, TTL and non-TTL adapters exist to adapt ISO-based flashes to iISO hotshoes and vice versa. Sony also used
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#1732772360338836-420: The central contact point, many cameras have additional metal contacts within the "U" of the hot shoe. These are proprietary connectors that allow for more communication between the camera and a "dedicated flash". A dedicated flash can communicate information about its power rating to the camera, set camera settings automatically, transmit color temperature data about the emitted light, and can be commanded to light
874-433: The contacts a few milliseconds before the shutter is open, to give the flashbulb time to reach peak brightness before exposing the film. Class M bulbs reach their peak illumination 20 milliseconds after ignition, and class F lamps reach their peak at approximately 5 milliseconds. FP sync was used with FP (flat-peak) flash bulbs designed specifically for use with focal-plane shutters . In these shutters, although each part of
912-461: The contacts. For instance a stereo microphone or electronic viewfinder can be used in the Olympus XZ-1 camera's hot shoe. FotoSpot geotagging satellite positioning units utilize the accessory shoe for mounting to the camera. Flash synchronization In photography , flash synchronization or flash sync is the synchronizing the firing of a photographic flash with the opening of
950-822: The energy is not so high as to damage the contacts. However, with more recent cameras with electronic triggering, excessive or insufficient voltage, or incorrect polarity can cause failure to fire, or damage the camera. The ISO 10330 specification allows for a trigger voltage of 24 volts. Some manufacturers, particularly Canon, ask for no more than 6 volts. Flash units designed for modern cameras use voltages which are safe and effective, but some older flashes have much higher voltages, up to hundreds of volts, which damage electronic triggering circuits. Some use negative DC polarity, or AC. iISO hotshoe contacts are only protected up to ca. 5 volts in some cameras. Minolta documented all their cameras' electronically controlled PC terminals and ISO hot shoes to be protected up to 400 volts. It
988-635: The entire shutter is open at once, typically at shutter speeds of 1/60 or slower, although some modern cameras may have an X-sync speed as high as 1/500 (e.g. Nikon's D40 DSLRs ). Special electronic flash units for focal-plane shutters fire several times as the slit moves across the film. Electronic shutters used in some digital cameras do not have this limitation and may allow a very high X-sync speed. Cameras designed for use with flash bulbs generally had one or more of S (slow) sync, M (medium) sync, F (fast) sync, or FP/FPX (flat peak) sync, designed for use with corresponding bulb types. These sync modes close
1026-461: The film is exposed for the rated exposure time, the film is exposed by a slit which moves across the film in a time (the "X-sync speed") of the order of 1/100"; although the exposure of each part of the film may be 1/2000", the last part of the film is exposed later by the X-sync time than the first part, and a brief flash will illuminate only a strip of film. FP bulbs burned close to full brightness for
1064-629: The flash or other hotshoe device. It does not, however, provide an auto-locking mechanism as on the Auto-lock Accessory Shoe. Electrically, the Multi Interface Shoe includes all signals of both the Auto-lock Accessory Shoe and the Smart Accessory Terminal 2, thereby allowing passive electromechanical adapters to be used. For this purpose, Sony provides ADP-MAA (top: Auto-lock, bottom: MIS) and ADP-AMA (top: MIS, bottom: Auto-lock) adapters. Both adapters route through
1102-422: The flash. In the center of the "U" is a metal contact point. This is used for standard, brand-independent flash synchronization . Normally the metal of the shoe and the metal of the contact are electrically isolated from each other. To fire the flash, these two pieces are connected together. The flash unit sets up a circuit between shoe and contact—when it is completed by the camera, the flash fires. In addition to
1140-506: The full X-sync time, giving time for the moving slit to expose the whole frame with the light of the flash. The Nikon F offered FP, M, and ME bulb synchronizations, in addition to the X sync. The Friedrich Deckel Synchro-Compur leaf shutter of the Braun Paxette Reflex offered V, X, and M flash synchronization, whereby V (German: "Vorlauf") was used in conjunction with self-timer. Some modern xenon flash units have
1178-404: The low voltage used by the local trigger unit, and the remote receiver unit is designed to tolerate up to 200 volts from its flash port. Slave flash, where the flash from a safe flash unit connected to the camera triggers an unconnected flashgun which, if connected, would present a dangerous voltage, is another way to use a flashgun which cannot be connected to a hot shoe; indeed, it can be used for
Multi Interface Shoe - Misplaced Pages Continue
1216-624: The past, including the Auto-lock Accessory Shoe (aka AAS or "iISO" shoe) introduced by Minolta in 1988 and used on Sony α DSLRs , SLTs and some NEX cameras, and the Smart Accessory Terminals types 1 (SAT) and 2 (SAT2) used on the majority of the Sony α NEX -line. It also replaces Sony's former Cyber-shot hotshoe, Intelligent Accessory Shoe (IAS) and Active Interface Shoe (AIS). At first sight,
1254-408: The photographer's eyebrows accidentally make contact with the middle contact, the electrical shock can cause pain or even injuries . One way camera manufacturers have used to avoid this problem was to use two independent trigger contacts, which, however, could cause flash synchronization problems. Another, as utilized by Minolta in all such cameras supporting a PC terminal, was to add a small switch on
1292-426: The side of the ISO hotshoe which disabled the middle contact until something was inserted into the hotshoe. There is still a need for accessory shoes without electrical function ( cold shoes ). They are used with off-camera flash units, mounted on stands and connected to the camera by cable or triggered wirelessly. Accessories which do not connect electrically to the camera can be inserted into hot shoes, without using
1330-503: The standard ISO hot shoe with various proprietary electronic extensions. In 2014, camera accessory manufacturer Cactus combined these electronic extensions into a multi-brand hot shoe on their wireless flash transceiver V6 . With multi-brand ISO hot shoe, cameras and flashes from different manufacturers work together. In 1988 Minolta switched to use a 4-pin proprietary slide-on auto-lock "iISO" connector . A compatible 7-pin variant, which allows battery-less accessories to be powered by
1368-436: The two "teeth" of the shoe is 12.6 mm. Before the 1970s, many cameras had an "accessory shoe" intended to hold accessories including flashes that connected electrically via a cable , external light meters , special viewfinders , or rangefinders . These earlier accessory shoes were of standard shape and had no electrical contacts; contacts were added to produce the hot shoe. Canon , Nikon , Olympus , and Pentax use
1406-453: The units. Such adapters will ensure that there is no electrical connection of any kind between both sides of the adapter, including ground. They use either transformers or opto-couplers to transfer a safe trigger impulse from the camera to the flash. They are powered by batteries, as their electronics cannot be powered from the flash. As an example, Minolta offered the PC terminal adapter PCT-100 ( 8825-691 ) for this purpose, which worked as
1444-463: Was integrated into the existing Minolta/Sony TTL flash cable system by the introduction of the flash shoe FA-CS1M (VX9371), a remote hotshoe with four-pin TTL cable port and a Multi Interface Shoe on its top and bottom. Hotshoe A hot shoe is a mounting point on the top of a camera to attach a flash unit and other compatible accessories. It takes the form of an angled metal bracket surrounding
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