52-452: NCIA can stand for: National Cannabis Industry Association , established in 2010 NATO Communications and Information Agency , established in 2012 National Correctional Industries Association , established in 1996 North Carolina Industrial Association , a civic organization of African Americans in Raleigh, North Carolina that published
104-772: A 2006 advisory against smoked medical cannabis stating: "marijuana has a high potential for abuse, has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and has a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision." Cannabis, called má 麻 (meaning "hemp; cannabis; numbness") or dàmá 大麻 (with "big; great") in Chinese, was used in Taiwan for fiber starting about 10,000 years ago. The botanist Hui-lin Li wrote that in China, "The use of Cannabis in medicine
156-513: A 2021 review found that it provided little relief against chronic pain and sleep disturbance, and caused several transient adverse effects , such as cognitive impairment, nausea , and drowsiness . Short-term use increases the risk of minor and major adverse effects. Common side effects include dizziness , feeling tired, vomiting, and hallucinations . Long-term effects of cannabis are not clear. Concerns include memory and cognition problems, risk of addiction, schizophrenia in young people, and
208-471: A condition known as cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS). A 2016 Cochrane review said that cannabinoids were "probably effective" in treating chemotherapy-induced nausea in children, but with a high side-effect profile (mainly drowsiness, dizziness, altered moods, and increased appetite). Less common side effects were "ocular problems, orthostatic hypotension, muscle twitching, pruritus, vagueness, hallucinations, lightheadedness and dry mouth". Evidence
260-488: A higher risk of psychosis, particularly in individuals with a genetic predisposition to psychotic disorders like schizophrenia. Some studies have shown that cannabis can trigger a temporary psychotic episode, which may increase the risk of developing a psychotic disorder later. The impact of cannabis on depression is less clear. Some studies suggest a potential increase in depression risk among adolescents who use cannabis though findings are inconsistent across studies. There
312-524: A lack of production controls. The potential for adverse effects from smoke inhalation makes smoking a less viable option than oral preparations. Cannabis vaporizers have gained popularity because of a perception among users that fewer harmful chemicals are ingested when components are inhaled via aerosol rather than smoke. Cannabinoid medicines are available in pill form ( dronabinol and nabilone ) and liquid extracts formulated into an oromucosal spray ( nabiximols ). Oral preparations are "problematic due to
364-443: A long history, but has not been as rigorously tested as other medicinal plants due to legal and governmental restrictions, resulting in limited clinical research to define the safety and efficacy of using cannabis to treat diseases. Preliminary evidence has indicated that cannabis might reduce nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy and reduce chronic pain and muscle spasms . Regarding non-inhaled cannabis or cannabinoids,
416-645: A majority of CBD is excreted in feces and some in the urine. The terminal half-life is approximately 18–32 hours. Smoking has been the means of administration of cannabis for many users, but it is not suitable for the use of cannabis as a medicine. It was the most common method of medical cannabis consumption in the US as of 2013 . It is difficult to predict the pharmacological response to cannabis because concentration of cannabinoids varies widely, as there are different ways of preparing it for consumption (smoked, applied as oils, eaten, infused into other foods, or drunk) and
468-458: A multitude of virtues it sees in the cannabis plant and its trade, including how the plant may help heal the sick, how legalization adds much-needed tax dollars to government coffers on the local, state, and national levels, and how these and other benefits radiate out into communities. The NCIA lobbies Congress to tax cannabis fairly and to allow cannabis businesses easier access to the banking industry. The trade group's work also extends to
520-703: A newspaper and presented the North Carolina Colored Fair Northern Corridor Implementation Authority, responsible for implementing the Northern Corridor Economic Region in Malaysia Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title NCIA . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to
572-451: A period of days or weeks. The amount of cannabis normally used for medicinal purposes is not believed to cause any permanent cognitive impairment in adults, though long-term treatment in adolescents should be weighed carefully as they are more susceptible to these impairments. Withdrawal symptoms are rarely a problem with controlled medical administration of cannabinoids. The ability to drive vehicles or to operate machinery may be impaired until
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#1732775256303624-436: A reasonable option in those who do not improve following preferential treatment. Comparative studies have found cannabinoids to be more effective than some conventional antiemetics such as prochlorperazine , promethazine , and metoclopramide in controlling CINV, but these are used less frequently because of side effects including dizziness, dysphoria, and hallucinations. Long-term cannabis use may cause nausea and vomiting,
676-486: A role in the overall effect of cannabis. The most studied are THC, CBD and CBN. CB1 and CB2 are the primary cannabinoid receptors responsible for several of the effects of cannabinoids, although other receptors may play a role as well. Both belong to a group of receptors called G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). CB1 receptors are found in very high levels in the brain and are thought to be responsible for psychoactive effects. CB2 receptors are found peripherally throughout
728-605: A slower onset of effect than the inhalation of it because the THC travels to the liver first through the blood before it travels to the rest of the body. Inhaled cannabis can result in THC going directly to the brain, where it then travels from the brain back to the liver in recirculation for metabolism. Eventually, both routes of metabolism result in the metabolism of psychoactive THC to inactive 11-COOH-THC. Due to substantial metabolism of THC and CBD, their metabolites are excreted mostly via feces , rather than by urine. After delta-9-THC
780-559: A tolerance is developed. Although supporters of medical cannabis say that it is safe, further research is required to assess the long-term safety of its use. Recreational use of cannabis is associated with cognitive deficits, especially for those who begin to use cannabis in adolescence. As of 2021 there is a lack of research into long-term cognitive effects of medical use of cannabis, but one 12-month observational study reported that "MC patients demonstrated significant improvements on measures of executive function and clinical state over
832-475: Is a lack of evidence that cannabinoids are effective in treating depressive or anxiety disorders , attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Tourette syndrome , post-traumatic stress disorder , or psychosis . Research indicates that cannabis, particularly CBD, may have anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects. A study found that CBD significantly reduced anxiety during a simulated public speaking test for individuals with social anxiety disorder. However,
884-462: Is also dependent on route of administration. Smoking and inhalation of vaporized cannabis have better absorption than do other routes of administration, and therefore also have more predictable distribution. THC is highly protein bound once absorbed, with only 3% found unbound in the plasma. It distributes rapidly to highly vascularized organs such as the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys, as well as to various glands. Low levels can be detected in
936-567: Is an American non-profit organization based in the District of Columbia, with an additional office in Denver, Colorado. NCIA is the largest cannabis trade association in the U.S. and the only organization representing state-sanctioned cannabis-related businesses at the federal level. Its mission is "to promote the growth of a responsible and legitimate cannabis industry and work for a favorable social, economic and legal environment for that industry in
988-447: Is deemed to be a reasonable option if other treatments have not been effective. Its use for MS is approved in ten countries. A 2012 review found no problems with tolerance, abuse, or addiction. In the United States, cannabidiol , one of the cannabinoids found in the marijuana plant, has been approved for treating two severe forms of epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome . A 2019 systematic review found that there
1040-594: Is dose-related. A 2004 literature review on the subject concluded that cannabis use is associated with a two-fold increase in the risk of psychosis, but that cannabis use is "neither necessary nor sufficient" to cause psychosis. A French review from 2009 came to a conclusion that cannabis use, particularly that before age 15, was a factor in the development of schizophrenic disorders. The genus Cannabis contains two species which produce useful amounts of psychoactive cannabinoids: Cannabis indica and Cannabis sativa , which are listed as Schedule I medicinal plants in
1092-610: Is hydroxylated into 11-OH-THC via CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4, it undergoes phase II metabolism into more than 30 metabolites, a majority of which are products of glucuronidation . Approximately 65% of THC is excreted in feces and 25% in the urine, while the remaining 10% is excreted by other means. The terminal half-life of THC is 25 to 36 hours, whereas for CBD it is 18 to 32 hours. CBD is hydroxylated by P450 liver enzymes into 7-OH-CBD. Its metabolites are products of primarily CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 activity, with potential activity of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, and CYP2D6. Similar to delta-9-THC,
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#17327752563031144-439: Is insufficient data to draw strong conclusions about the safety of medical cannabis. Typically, adverse effects of medical cannabis use are not serious; they include tiredness, dizziness, increased appetite, and cardiovascular and psychoactive effects. Other effects can include impaired short-term memory; impaired motor coordination; altered judgment; and paranoia or psychosis at high doses. Tolerance to these effects develops over
1196-547: Is lacking for both efficacy and safety of cannabis and cannabinoids in treating patients with HIV/AIDS or for anorexia associated with AIDS. As of 2013, current studies suffer from the effects of bias, small sample size, and lack of long-term data. A 2021 review found little effect of using non-inhaled cannabis to relieve chronic pain. According to a 2019 systematic review, there have been inconsistent results of using cannabis for neuropathic pain, spasms associated with multiple sclerosis and pain from rheumatic disorders, but
1248-764: Is largely attributed to significant first-pass metabolism in the liver and erratic absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. However, oral administration of CBD has a faster time to peak concentrations (2 hours) than THC. Due to the poor bioavailability of oral preparations, alternative routes of administration have been studied, including sublingual and rectal. These alternative formulations maximize bioavailability and reduce first-pass metabolism. Sublingual administration in rabbits yielded bioavailability of 16% and time to peak concentration of 4 hours. Rectal administration in monkeys doubled bioavailability to 13.5% and achieved peak blood concentrations within 1 to 8 hours after administration. Like cannabinoid absorption, distribution
1300-629: Is not clear whether it is a useful treatment for any condition, or whether harms outweigh any benefit. There is no consistent evidence that it helps with chronic pain and muscle spasms . Low quality evidence suggests its use for reducing nausea during chemotherapy , improving appetite in HIV/AIDS , improving sleep, and improving tics in Tourette syndrome . When usual treatments are ineffective, cannabinoids have also been recommended for anorexia , arthritis , glaucoma , and migraine . It
1352-412: Is one of the 50 "fundamental" herbs in traditional Chinese medicine . The Ebers Papyrus ( c. 1550 BCE ) from Ancient Egypt describes medical cannabis. The ancient Egyptians used hemp (cannabis) in suppositories for relieving the pain of hemorrhoids . Surviving texts from ancient India confirm that cannabis' psychoactive properties were recognized, and doctors used it for treating
1404-403: Is one reason why treatment with cannabis is difficult to classify and study. A 2014 review stated that the variations in ratio of CBD-to-THC in botanical and pharmaceutical preparations determines the therapeutic vs psychoactive effects (CBD attenuates THC's psychoactive effects ) of cannabis products. Overall, research into the health effects of medical cannabis has been of low quality and it
1456-404: Is the first metabolic product in this pathway. Both Delta-9-THC and 11-OH-THC are psychoactive. The metabolism of THC into 11-OH-THC plays a part in the heightened psychoactive effects of edible cannabis. Next, 11-OH-THC is metabolized in the liver into 11-COOH-THC, which is the second metabolic product of THC. 11-COOH-THC is not psychoactive. Ingestion of edible cannabis products lead to
1508-633: Is unclear whether American states might be able to mitigate the adverse effects of the opioid epidemic by prescribing medical cannabis as an alternative pain management drug. Cannabis should not be used in pregnancy . Research analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) did not find significant differences in sleep duration between cannabis users and non-users. This suggests that some individuals may perceive benefits from cannabis use in terms of sleep, it may not significantly change overall sleep patterns across
1560-706: The American Bankers Association , and the Credit Union National Association all came out in favor of the SAFE Banking Act , which would allow banks and credit unions to work with cannabis businesses in states where such businesses are legal. The National Association of State Treasurers, the National Association of Attorneys General , and all 50 state banking associations have also endorsed
1612-521: The National Cannabis Industry Association PAC to contribute funds to cannabis-friendly politicians and causes. In 2016 NCIA launched NCIA's Cannabis Industry Voice, a podcast covering the ever-changing legal and business landscape of cannabis in the United States. In 2018, NCIA spent $ 560,000 on political lobbying, roughly 21% of total U.S. cannabis industry lobbying spending of $ 2.7 million. In 2019, NCIA,
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1664-651: The SAFE Banking Act. On July 18, 2019, NCIA joined 4Front Holdings and more than 100 other signatories in submitting an open letter to the House Judiciary Committee , calling for the removal of cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act and for efforts to address the racially disparate harm caused by federal cannabis prohibition. In June 2020, NCIA launched their Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Initiatives under
1716-705: The US; a third species, Cannabis ruderalis , has few psychogenic properties. Cannabis contains more than 460 compounds; at least 80 of these are cannabinoids – chemical compounds that interact with cannabinoid receptors in the brain. As of 2012, more than 20 cannabinoids were being studied by the U.S. FDA. The most psychoactive cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant is tetrahydrocannabinol (or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, commonly known as THC). Other cannabinoids include delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol , cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabichromene (CBC) and cannabigerol (CBG); they have less psychotropic effects than THC, but may play
1768-652: The United States." The organization was founded in late 2010 and has been described as the "first national trade group for the cannabis industry" in the United States. As the cannabis industry has grown and matured dramatically in recent years, NCIA has grown with it. The group officially held its first board meeting on December 16, 2010, with a small handful of members. In January 2013, NCIA had 118 member businesses. In January 2014, NCIA had "nearly 400" member businesses. As of July 2017, NCIA had nearly 1,400 member businesses. In June 2019, NCIA reported nearly 2,000 member businesses. The NCIA has been negatively compared to
1820-570: The body and are thought to modulate pain and inflammation. Cannabinoid absorption is dependent on its route of administration. Inhaled and vaporized THC have similar absorption profiles to smoked THC, with a bioavailability ranging from 10 to 35%. Oral administration has the lowest bioavailability of approximately 6%, variable absorption depending on the vehicle used, and the longest time to peak plasma levels (2 to 6 hours) compared to smoked or vaporized THC. Similar to THC, CBD has poor oral bioavailability, approximately 6%. The low bioavailability
1872-443: The brain, testes, and unborn fetuses, all of which are protected from systemic circulation via barriers. THC further distributes into fatty tissues a few days after administration due to its high lipophilicity, and is found deposited in the spleen and fat after redistribution. Delta-9-THC is the primary molecule responsible for the effects of cannabis. Delta-9-THC is metabolized in the liver and turns into 11-OH-THC. 11-OH-THC
1924-489: The burgeoning marijuana industry. Since then, the Cannabis Business Summit has been held annually, and the 2017 Cannabis Business Summit featured 4,500 attendees and a keynote address from former President of Mexico Vicente Fox . The 2019 Cannabis Business Summit hosted over 10,000 attendees and featured a blues-themed closing celebration with actor Jim Belushi . On August 29, 2012, leaders launched
1976-400: The course of 12 months". Exposure to THC can cause acute transient psychotic symptoms in healthy individuals and people with schizophrenia. A 2007 meta analysis concluded that cannabis use reduced the average age of onset of psychosis by 2.7 years relative to non-cannabis use. A 2005 meta analysis concluded that adolescent use of cannabis increases the risk of psychosis, and that the risk
2028-806: The federal level, the Rohrabacher–Farr amendment was enacted in December 2014, limiting the ability of federal law to be enforced in states where medical cannabis has been legalized. In the U.S., the National Institute on Drug Abuse defines medical cannabis as "using the whole, unprocessed marijuana plant or its basic extracts to treat symptoms of illness and other conditions". A cannabis plant includes more than 400 different chemicals, of which about 70 are cannabinoids . In comparison, typical government-approved medications contain only one or two chemicals. The number of active chemicals in cannabis
2080-453: The general population. A review of literature up to 2018 indicates that cannabidiol (CBD) may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of insomnia. CBD, a non-psychoactive component of cannabis, is of particular interest due to its potential to influence sleep without the psychoactive effects associated with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Medical cannabis is somewhat effective in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and may be
2132-408: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NCIA&oldid=1100726678 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages National Cannabis Industry Association The National Cannabis Industry Association ( NCIA )
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2184-592: The leadership of DEI Manager, Tahir Johnson, including the Social Equity Scholarship Program which now grants complimentary membership to over 100 social equity applicants and operators around the country. As of March 2021, the National Cannabis Industry Association has nearly 1,500 member businesses. In a Huffington Post interview, Mark Kleiman , the "Pot Czar" of Washington state , said he
2236-534: The lobbying arms of the alcohol and tobacco industries, with activists worried that it could harm legalization efforts. In February 2020, the organization brought on five new board members; Canopy Rivers president and CEO Narbe Alexandrian, Law Offices of Omar Figueroa Inc. principal Omar Figueroa, Rocky Mountain Reagents Inc. VP Liz Geisleman, Copperstate Farms general counsel Ryan Hurley and Indica LLC and Stick Ypsi co-founder Chris Jackson. The NCIA promotes
2288-526: The local level; it helps marijuana and medical marijuana businesses navigate a patchwork of laws that differ by state and locality. NCIA also hosts educational and training events for members and others interested in learning about the cannabis industry. In June 2014, NCIA hosted the first national Cannabis Business Summit, a two-day event featuring more than 1,000 attendees and numerous discussions of regulations, banking, product lines, insurance, energy efficiency, human resources and other issues related to
2340-478: The medical use of whole-plant cannabis include Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Uruguay. In the United States, 38 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis for medical purposes, beginning with the passage of California's Proposition 215 in 1996. Although cannabis remains prohibited for any use at
2392-443: The pain relief experienced after using medical cannabis is due to the placebo effect , especially given widespread media attention that sets the expectation for pain relief. Cannabis' efficacy is not clear in treating neurological problems, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and movement problems. Evidence also suggests that oral cannabis extract is effective for reducing patient-centered measures of spasticity. A trial of cannabis
2444-410: The relationship between cannabis use and anxiety symptoms is complex, and while some users report relief, the overall evidence from observational studies and clinical trials remains inconclusive. Cannabis is often used by people to cope with anxiety, yet the efficacy and safety of cannabis for treating anxiety disorders is yet to be researched. Cannabis use, especially at high doses, is associated with
2496-858: The risk of children taking it by accident. Many cultures have used cannabis for therapeutic purposes for thousands of years. Some American medical organizations have requested removal of cannabis from the list of Schedule I controlled substances maintained by the United States federal government, followed by regulatory and scientific review. Others oppose its legalization, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics . Medical cannabis can be administered through various methods, including capsules , lozenges , tinctures , dermal patches , oral or dermal sprays, cannabis edibles , and vaporizing or smoking dried buds . Synthetic cannabinoids are available for prescription use in some countries, such as synthetic delta-9-THC and nabilone . Countries that allow
2548-418: The uptake of cannabinoids into fatty tissue, from which they are released slowly, and the significant first-pass liver metabolism, which breaks down Δ9THC and contributes further to the variability of plasma concentrations". The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved smoked cannabis for any condition or disease, as it deems that evidence is lacking concerning safety and efficacy. The FDA issued
2600-629: Was concerned that the NCIA would favor profits over public health. He also said that it could become a predatory body like the lobbying arms of the tobacco and alcohol industries. Kleiman said: "The fact that the National Cannabis Industry Association has hired itself a K Street suit [lobbyist] is not a good sign." Medical cannabis Medical cannabis , medicinal cannabis or medical marijuana ( MMJ ) refers to cannabis products and cannabinoid molecules that are prescribed by physicians for their patients. The use of cannabis as medicine has
2652-537: Was not effective treating chronic cancer pain. The authors state that additional randomized controlled trials of different cannabis products are necessary to make conclusive recommendations. When cannabis is inhaled to relieve pain, blood levels of cannabinoids rise faster than when oral products are used, peaking within three minutes and attaining an analgesic effect in seven minutes. A 2011 review considered cannabis to be generally safe, and it appears safer than opioids in palliative care. A 2022 review concluded
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#17327752563032704-440: Was probably a very early development. Since ancient humans used hemp seed as food, it was quite natural for them to also discover the medicinal properties of the plant." Emperor Shen-Nung , who was also a pharmacologist, wrote a book on treatment methods in 2737 BCE that included the medical benefits of cannabis. He recommended the substance for many ailments, including constipation, gout, rheumatism, and absent-mindedness. Cannabis
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