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109-646: Noyce was born on December 12, 1927, in Burlington, Iowa , the third of four sons of the Rev. Ralph Brewster Noyce. His father graduated from Doane College , Oberlin College , and the Chicago Theological Seminary and was also nominated for a Rhodes Scholarship . His mother, Harriet May Norton, was the daughter of the Rev. Milton J. Norton, a Congregational clergyman , and Louise Hill. She

218-546: A BA in physics and mathematics in 1949. He also received a single honor from his classmates: the Brown Derby Prize, which recognized "the senior man who earned the best grades with the least amount of work". While Noyce was an undergraduate, he was fascinated by the field of physics and took a course in the subject that was taught by professor Grant Gale . Gale obtained two of the first transistors ever produced by Bell Labs and showed them off to his class. Noyce

327-529: A building near the Burlington high school. Great River Christian Schools occupies the old Prospect Hill Elementary School building, 426 Harrison St. A third middle school building once existed on the edge of Perkins Park, named Horace Mann, that building was gutted by fire in 2005, and later razed. The school district offices are located near the corner of West Avenue, and White Street, in a large mansion once owned by Railroad tycoon Charles Elliott Perkins , and

436-551: A co-inventor of the transistor and eventual Nobel Prize winner, at the Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory in Mountain View, California . Noyce left a year later with the " traitorous eight " upon having issues with Shockley's management style, and co-founded the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation. According to Sherman Fairchild , Noyce's impassioned presentation of his vision

545-404: A family was $ 40,912. Males had a median income of $ 33,238 versus $ 23,003 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 19,450. About 10.0% of families and 12.6% of the population was below the poverty line, including 20.9% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over. Burlington's roots are in transportation and manufacturing. Manufacturing plants are among the largest employers in

654-477: A fast adder, invented by Bruce Gilchrist , James H. Pomerene and Y.K. Wong of the Institute for Advanced Study . It incorporated a speed-up technique for asynchronous adders reducing the time for additive carry-overs to propagate. In 1959, Philco developed and produced the first battery-powered portable transistorized TV. This TV model was called the "Safari" and contained 21 transistors. Philco had developed

763-416: A full-page, detailed article, on Philco's new consumer phonograph. The Philco all-transistor portable phonograph TPA-1 and TPA-2 models played only 45rpm records and used four 1.5v "D" batteries for its power supply. "TPA" stands for "Transistor Phonograph Amplifier". Its circuitry used three Philco germanium PNP alloy-fused junction audio frequency transistors. After the 1956 season ended, Philco discontinued

872-476: A graduate of Cornell University , also received an honorary Ph.D. from Santa Clara University , where she was a trustee for nearly 20 years. She was the first director of personnel for Intel Corporation and the first vice president of human resources for Apple Inc. She was a founding trustee and served as chair of the board for the Noyce Foundation, founded in 1990. Bowers died on January 24, 2024, at

981-569: A high-need school districts for at least two years for each fiscal year the recipient received such a scholarship. The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) works with the NSF Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program to identify and disseminate information about effective practices and strategies for attracting, selecting, and preparing new K-12 STEM teachers and retaining them in

1090-662: A larger scale fully transistorized computer using its surface-barrier transistor technology, which was named the CPXQ model and later became the Philco Transac S-2000. Philco had developed and produced a miniature transistorized computer brain for the Navy's jet fighter planes in 1955 and it was called the "Transac" (C-1000, C-1100), which had stood for "Transistor Automatic Computer." The Philco Transac computer brain had used its high-frequency surface-barriers transistors in

1199-464: A less-structured, relaxed working environment in which everyone contributed and no one received lavish benefits. By declining the usual executive perks he stood as a model for future generations of Intel CEOs. At Intel, he oversaw invention of the microprocessor as a concept by Ted Hoff and design of the first commercial microprocessor Intel 4004 by Federico Faggin , which was his second revolution. In 1953, Noyce married Elizabeth Bottomley , who

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1308-915: A number of buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places , among them the Burlington Apartments (listed as the Hotel Burlington), the Burlington Railroad Depot, the Des Moines County Courthouse, the Burlington Fire Department central station, the Port of Burlington building, Memorial Auditorium, River Park Place (as Burlington Mercy Hospital), the former Burlington Police Department building. It

1417-475: A plant owned by Philco-Taiwan. Eventually, all consumer electronic goods would be made by Philco-Taiwan, to lower costs of production and be more competitive in the market. The prevailing industry trend was to move consumer electronic manufacturing to Asia in order to lower the cost of labor and production, and Philco-Ford was no exception to this. Heavy consumer goods (major appliances) such as refrigerators, air conditioners and washer-dryers continued to be built in

1526-568: A post in the area in 1829. Settlement began in 1833, shortly after the Black Hawk Purchase , when Samuel (aka Simpson) White, Amzi Doolitle, and Morton M. McCarver crossed the Mississippi River from Big Island and staked claims there. According to an account A.T. Andreas wrote in 1875, White erected a cabin in the area, later platted to be Front Street between Court and High streets. Andreas called White and Doolittle

1635-546: A pre-production indium-coated transistor that used silicon instead of germanium that relied on further improvements in silicon refinement to bring to production. In June 1955, the National Security Agency and the United States Navy entered into a contract with Philco to build a specialized scientific transistorized computer based on Philco's surface barrier transistor technology. The project

1744-566: A shallow front-to-back depth) picture tube turned out to be unreliable, and cost the company dearly in repairs and reputation. The 1959 model included a console and a table model. Many of them were sold to motels and bars due to the convenience of the swivel tube arrangement. It was discontinued in 1960; a disappointing failure for Philco. Due to the unique design, the Predicta is a collector's favorite and restored examples can easily be found. In late 1953, engineers at Philco Corporation invented

1853-432: A tiny mirror attached to the player's needle. A beam of light was focused on the mirror which caused a vibrating light to hit a photoelectric cell and produce the audio signal. While this system had some advantages over the standard crystal phono cartridge of the time, it was unreliable and is today a very difficult unit to restore. In 1941, in response to outside needs for personnel skilled in electronics , Philco founded

1962-642: A training and installation organization that evolved into its TechRep division, with hundreds of personnel styled as Field Engineers or TechReps in positions worldwide. This division later became the foundation for the Ford Aerospace organization. Philco began marketing car radios in 1930 and later expanded into other areas including air conditioners (1938), refrigerators (1939), home freezers (1946), consumer televisions (1947), electric ranges (1949), home laundry washers and dryers (1954), and home entertainment products. Their first consumer television set,

2071-544: A type of integrated circuit . This independent effort was recorded only a few months after the key findings of inventor Jack Kilby . For his co-invention of the integrated circuit and its world-transforming impact, three presidents of the United States honored him. Noyce was a holder of many honors and awards. President Ronald Reagan awarded him the National Medal of Technology in 1987. Two years later, he

2180-411: A wide line of radios beginning with five-tube sets all the way up to high-fidelity consoles with 20 tubes in 1937–38. Philco also made battery-powered radios which were by then called "farm radios", most of which had cabinets identical to their AC powered versions. The Philco "Baby Grand" (today called "cathedral" radios by collectors) was a shape that featured an arched top that wrapped from the sides over

2289-493: Is a felony which carries a minimum penalty of a year in prison and a fine of one dollar.” Noyce faced expulsion from school but Grant Gale , Noyce's physics professor and president of the college, did not want to lose a student with Noyce's potential. They compromised with the mayor so that Grinnell would compensate him for the pig, and suspend Noyce for one semester. He returned in February 1949. He graduated Phi Beta Kappa with

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2398-548: Is a transportation system owned and operated by the City of Burlington. Routes service nearly all areas of Burlington, and nearly 90% of all residents live within three city blocks of a bus route. Burlington Trailways provides daily intercity bus service from its West Burlington hub. Amtrak , the national passenger rail system, provides service to Burlington , operating its California Zephyr daily in both directions between Chicago , Illinois, and Emeryville , California, across

2507-598: Is an American electronics manufacturer headquartered in Philadelphia . Philco was a pioneer in battery, radio, and television production. In 1961, the company was purchased by Ford and, from 1966, renamed "Philco-Ford". Ford sold the company to GTE in 1974, and it was purchased by Philips in 1981. In North America, the Philco brand is owned by Philips. In other markets, the Philco International brand

2616-542: Is named after him. On December 12, 2011, Noyce was honored with a Google Doodle celebrating the 84th anniversary of his birth. In 2000, Kilby received the Nobel Prize in Physics ; in his acceptance ("Nobel Lecture"), he mentions a small number of people whose work contributed to the success of integrated circuits, mentioning Noyce three times. The Noyce Foundation was founded in 1990 by his family. The foundation

2725-875: Is nicknamed " The White House ," due to the whitewashed facade. The original High School building (which now serves as the School District Maintenance shops) is noted as being the first high school built west of the Mississippi River. Burlington is also served by Southeastern Community College . The Burlington Public Library serves the community. Burlington, Iowa is served by the following local media outlets: Burlington's radio stations include WQKQ 92.1 FM, KAYP 89.9 FM, KKMI 93.5 FM, KCDM 98.3 FM, KDMG 103.1 FM, KBKB 101.7 FM, KHDK 97.3 FM, KGRS 107.3 FM, KCPS 1150 AM, KBKB 1360 AM, and KBUR 1490 AM. Burlington residents also listen to stations in nearby communities, most notably,

2834-454: Is now Third and Washington streets), to conduct its business. A historical marker commemorates the site of the church and early territorial government. On May 22, 1849, Maj. William Williams visited Burlington, writing a brief description in his journal: This town [was] originally called Flint Hill- the Indian name was Shoquokon, Flint or Rock Hill. [It is] beautifully elevated, situated on

2943-462: Is on the historic brick street named Snake Alley. The 276-foot-long Snake Alley has five switchbacks in a 60-foot climb. The average grade is 12.5 percent in that one block. Burlington has been the finishing point for RAGBRAI twice. the annual bicycle ride that starts at the Missouri River in western Iowa and ends in eastern Iowa at the Mississippi River . Burlington is also the home of

3052-480: Is owned by Electrolux . In the early 1920s, Philco made storage batteries, "socket power" battery eliminator units (plug-in transformers), and battery chargers. With the invention of the rectifier tube, which made it practical to power radios by electrical outlets, in 1928, Philco entered the radio business. They followed other radio makers such as RCA , Atwater-Kent , Zenith Electronics , Freshman Masterpiece, FADA Radio (Frank A. D'Andrea Radio), and AH Grebe into

3161-721: Is perhaps best known for Snake Alley, the most crooked street in the US. (as Burlington Paper Company), The Capitol Theater , First Congregational Church , St. Paul's Catholic Church and several others. The downtown skyline is noted for its several church spires. Burlington is the home of the Burlington Bees baseball team, a member of the Prospect League , a collegiate summer baseball league. They were previously members of Minor League Baseball 's Class A Midwest League until Major League Baseball 's reorganization of

3270-415: Is represented by Newsan SA SANYO and DatandHome SA, with the line of washing machines, dishwashers, air conditioning, water heaters, also the same group. In Chile , the brand belongs to Fuji Corp S.A ., a company that markets speakers, headphones, accessories for audio, TV and telephony, as well as appliances and electrical items, under this brand. In Italy , Philco brand televisions were produced during

3379-609: Is said to have found the name in James Fenimore Cooper 's The Last of the Mohicans , but Edwards proposed the nickname to "...rescue from oblivion [ sic ] a momento [ sic ], at least of the name of the old chief." Burlington was a bustling river port in the steamboat era and a central city to the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad . The "Burlington Route" (1848–1970) merged into

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3488-526: Is served by the Burlington Community School District , which has five elementary schools, one intermediate school, one middle school, one high school and one alternative high school . Private education is also available for kindergarten through 12th grade at Notre Dame Catholic School and Great River Christian School (GRCS). In 1833 the first school facility for Burlington opened in a log cabin. School District No. 2 of

3597-583: The 2020 census , a decline from the 26,839 population in 2000 . Burlington is the center of a micropolitan area , which includes West Burlington and Middletown, Iowa , and Gulfport, Illinois . Burlington is the home of Snake Alley , the crookedest street in the world. Prior to European settlement, the area was neutral territory for the Sac and Fox Native American tribes, who called it Shoquoquon ( Shok-ko-kon ), meaning Flint Hills. In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson organized two parties of explorers to map

3706-688: The Burlington Northern Railroad (1970–1996), which in turn merged into the BNSF Railway (1997–present). The "Burlington" name has been given to one of the United States' largest railroads. One of BNSF's main east-west lines, the Ottumwa subdivision, still crosses the Mississippi at Burlington. In 1970, the community had its highest ever population. In the late twentieth century, retail expanded with suburbanization of

3815-553: The Courier 1B , built by Philco, became the first active repeater satellite. Courier 1B was built by the Western Development Labs (WDL) division of Philco, previously known as "Army Fort Monmouth Laboratories" ( Fort Monmouth ). In 1960, NASA contracted with Philco to build the worldwide tracking station network for Project Mercury , and all subsequent man-in-space space projects until the ground station network

3924-559: The Louisiana Purchase . The Lewis and Clark Expedition followed the Missouri River , while Lt. Zebulon Pike followed the Mississippi River . In 1805, Pike landed at the bluffs below Burlington and raised the United States Flag for the first time on what would become Iowa soil and recommended construction of a fort. The recommendation went unheeded. The American Fur Company of John Jacob Astor established

4033-554: The Quad Cities . Burlington previously had a local TV station, KJMH. It signed on August 2, 1984, from a tower on Winegard Drive. It also had studios in Burlington. Initially an independent station, it became a charter FOX affiliate in 1986, but suffered from duplication from KLJB in the Quad Cities. In 1996, the station became a full-time satellite of KLJB, marking the end of local broadcast TV in Burlington. Today, those in

4142-621: The Romulus and Remus of their settlement, referring to the mythic heroes who founded Rome, a city surrounded by hills. A few weeks later, William R. Ross joined them and established a general store. In November and December, he surveyed the settlement for White and Doolittle. In the spring of 1834 they allowed John Gray, who purchased the first lot with his wife Eliza Jane, to rename the town for $ 50. Gray chose to name it Burlington in honor of his hometown in Vermont . The Grays' daughter Abigail

4251-540: The census of 2020, there were 23,982 people, 10,629 households, and 6,145 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,663.8 inhabitants per square mile (642.4/km ). There were 12,016 housing units at an average density of 833.7 per square mile (321.9/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 81.1% White , 9.5% Black or African American , 0.3% Native American , 0.9% Asian , 0.0% Pacific Islander , 1.4% from other races and 6.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino persons of any race comprised 3.8% of

4360-399: The surface-barrier transistor , the first high frequency transistor suitable for use in high speed computers. Philco Corporation had produced a late 1950s production film about its surface-barrier transistor manufacturing processes and product developments that was titled, " Philco Transistors - The Tiny Giants Of The Future " [1] . A May 1954 news article describes Philco's development of

4469-408: The 1929 model year, Philco was in third place behind Atwater Kent and Majestic (Grigsby-Grunow Corp) in radio sales. In 1930, the company sold 600,000 radios, grossed $ 34 million, and was the leading radio maker in the country. By 1934, they had captured 30% of the domestic radio market. Philco radios were economical without sacrificing quality or durability. Like other makers of the era, they offered

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4578-704: The 1930s, continued to provide Ford with car and truck radio receivers; consumer product investments were also made to color television production. Along with color and black and white television, Philco continued to produce refrigerators, washers, dryers, air conditioners, stoves, radios, portable transistor radios, portable phonographs, audio console systems with high quality "Mastercraft" furniture cabinets, and component stereo systems. The company branded Philco products as "Philco-Ford" in 1966, and console stereo systems reached their zenith during 1966 and 1967, with high quality cabinet construction and powerful stereo chassis systems of 100- and 300-watt consoles. Philco at one time

4687-429: The 1948 table Model 48-1000, had a 10 in (25 cm) black-and-white screen and sold for US$ 395 ($ 4,482 in 2023). By 1954, Philco had led the radio industry in sales volume for 24 straight years, selling over 30 million radios. Philco was also a pioneer in television broadcasting, launching Philadelphia experimental station W3XE in 1932. In 1941, the station became the third commercially licensed TV operation in

4796-424: The 2010–11 school year, students who had attended Oak Street Middle School (an aging building that was completed around 1907) began attending Aldo Leopold (named in honor of ecologist, and environmentalist, Aldo Leopold , a former resident of Burlington, and author of " A Sand County Almanac "), the new school building is located near the corner of Sunnyside Avenue, and Roosevelt Avenue. Edward Stone, which opened at

4905-490: The Burlington High School and Notre Dame High School sports teams. Also in the Burlington area are the sports teams of Southeastern Community College, which have had a successful history, including three men's basketball national championships. Many people living in the area support athletic teams from Saint Louis, Missouri , differing from other parts of Iowa, which support other sports teams. Burlington

5014-530: The Burlington-Oquawka area receive local over-the-air programming from stations in the Quad Cities (the city's main television market), Quincy , and Ottumwa , including the stations listed below. The town is served by U.S. Route 34 , which is the freeway that bisects the city, and U.S. Route 61 . Iowa Highways 99 and 406 served the town before they were decommissioned in 2003. The two still exist as county roads. Burlington Urban Service (B.U.S.)

5123-619: The Donald Sterling Noyce Prize to reward excellence in undergraduate teaching at Berkeley . His brother Gaylord would go on to become a respected professor of practical theology and dean of students at Yale Divinity School ; in 1961, while a young professor, he was arrested for being one of the Freedom Riders of the civil rights movement . Noyce's earliest childhood memory involved beating his father at ping pong and feeling shocked when his mother reacted to

5232-714: The Grinnell College stables. Later he built a radio from scratch and motorized his sled by welding a propeller and a motor from an old washing machine to the back of it. His parents were both religious but Noyce became an agnostic and irreligious in later life. Noyce grew up in Grinnell, Iowa . While in high school, he exhibited a talent for mathematics and science and took the Grinnell College freshman physics course in his senior year. He graduated from Grinnell High School in 1945 and entered Grinnell College in

5341-609: The Illinois shore. In April 1885, economist Henry George gave a speech titled "The Crime of Poverty" at the Burlington Knights of Labor local advocating for a citizen's dividend paid for by a land value tax . Iowa's nickname, " The Hawkeye State ," has its roots in Burlington. At Judge David Rorer's suggestion, publisher James G. Edwards changed The Iowa Patriot newspaper's name to The Hawk-Eye and Iowa Patriot in tribute to his friend, Chief Black Hawk . Rorer

5450-838: The Johnson Space Center have been preserved and will be restored to their Apollo-era configuration for historical purposes. The control room is listed in the National Register of Historic Places as the "Apollo Mission Control Center". In 1971, Philco-Ford began to sell reverse osmosis -based water purification systems that used tube-shaped membranes developed by the company to filter and desalinate raw polluted water for municipal utilities and manufacturing. On December 11, 1961, Ford Motor Company purchased Philco and continued to offer consumer products, computer systems and defense related projects. The company, which had supplied Ford with some of its car radios as early as

5559-525: The Philadelphia Storage Battery Company, in 1906 it began making batteries for electric vehicles . They later supplied home charging batteries to the infant radio industry. The Philco brand name appeared in 1919. From 1920 to 1927, all radios were powered by storage batteries which were fairly expensive and often messy in the home. A very successful August 1925 consumer product, called the "Socket Power Battery Eliminator",

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5668-710: The Robert Noyce National Math and Science Teachers Corps Act which authorizes awards up to 5,000 scholarships annually to assist individuals in obtaining a teaching degree. These awards are granted to institutions of higher education who administer the projects after successful proposal submissions through the National Science Foundation's Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program ("Noyce"). Pre-service teachers are recruited by their college/university and must be STEM majors. Scholarship recipients to agree to teach science or mathematics in

5777-460: The STEM teacher workforce. Noyce was granted 15 patents. Patents are listed in order issued, not filed. Note: In 1960 Clevite Corporation acquired Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory , a subsidiary of Beckman Instruments , for whom Noyce worked. Burlington, Iowa Burlington is a city in, and the county seat of, Des Moines County, Iowa , United States. The population was 23,982 in

5886-555: The Township of Burlington was established on March 29, 1849. The Burlington School District has five elementary schools: North Hill, Sunnyside, Grimes, Corse and Black Hawk. All are new buildings or have been recently completely rehabilitated, the newest, North Hill Elementary, received its first students in 2009, there are no elementary school buildings within the school district that are over 40 years old. The district has two middle schools: Edward Stone and Aldo Leopold. Beginning with

5995-520: The United States as WPTZ. It was sold to Westinghouse Broadcasting in 1953 and became KYW-TV , a CBS owned and operated station. The Philco Predicta TV set was introduced in 1957 for the 1958 model year. It was a black-and-white television with the picture tube mounted in a unique steerable pod on a pedestal. There were many versions: 17" or 21" picture tubes, wood or metal cabinets and table or floor standing versions, some with rare UHF tuners. Its specially designed, high-deflection-angle (to achieve

6104-655: The United States that produces the Case Loader/Backhoe , giving Burlington the nickname " Backhoe Capital of the World ." Case is now a division of the Italian holding group CNH Industrial . Employment at Case peaked in the 1980s, according to the Des Moines Register , then declined after "Case initiated a wave of buyouts and early retirements in the 1990s and early 2000s, and ended the contract with

6213-439: The United States, along with television receivers. Ford dropped the computer business a few years into its ownership of the company. In 1973, a complete line of breakthrough refrigerators was introduced, consisting of eight side-by-side "Cold Guard" models, which used about one-third less electricity than comparable competitive makes. But by January 1974, Ford was eager to rid itself of the home products in Philco's lines, which

6322-796: The VHF micro-alloy diffused transistor (MADT) and used them in the Safari portable TV. The retail selling price was $ 250.00 ($ 2,613 in 2023) plus the cost of the rechargeable battery, which was $ 5.25 extra ($ 55.00 in 2023). In 1962, the Philco 2000 Model 212 computer was chosen for use in the North American Aerospace Defense Command 's famous Cheyenne Mountain Complex . Three of them were installed that year and ran until 1980. They were also used by research labs at Westinghouse Electric and General Electric . In 1960,

6431-403: The age of 86. Noyce kept active his entire life. He enjoyed reading Hemingway, and he flew his own airplane and also participated in hang-gliding and scuba diving . Noyce believed that microelectronics would continue to advance in complexity and sophistication well beyond its current state; this led to the question of what use society would make of the technology. In his last interview, Noyce

6540-697: The all-transistor car radio unit for the Chrysler Corporation, which also used Philco's surface-barrier transistors in its circuitry design. In 1955, Philco developed and produced the first all-transistor phonograph models TPA-1 and TPA-2. This was announced in the June 28, 1955, edition of the Wall Street Journal . Philco had begun selling these phonographs in the fall of 1955 for $ 59.95 ($ 682.00 in 2023). The October 1955 issue of Radio & Television News magazine (page 41) printed

6649-464: The all-transistor portable 45rpm phonograph models, for transistors were too expensive compared to vacuum tubes. The Philco Transac models S-1000 scientific computer and S-2000 electronic data processing computer, were the first commercially produced large-scale all transistor computers, which were introduced in 1957. It used discrete surface barrier transistors instead of vacuum tubes (the integrated circuit had not yet been invented). It also used

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6758-561: The area, including companies such as American Ordnance LLC , Case Corporation , ABB (formerly General Electric ), Champion Spark Plugs , Shearer's Foods and Winegard Company. The largest employer in the area is the Great River Medical Center. Among the oldest businesses in Burlington, the Murray factory (now Murray Turbomachinery and owned by Dresser-Rand ) which has been in operation in Burlington since before 1900,

6867-405: The average family size was 4.94. Age spread: 24.5% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.2 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 33,770, and the median income for

6976-471: The battery-powered radio business. By the end of 1930, they were selling more radios than any other maker, a position they held for more than 20 years. Philco built many iconic radios and television sets , including the classic cathedral -shaped wooden radio of the 1930s (aka the "Baby Grand"), and the Predicta series of television receiver sets of the 1950s. Philo Farnsworth , credited for inventing

7085-655: The bay from San Francisco. The older Burlington and Missouri River Railroad Passenger Station exists nearby and is also listed on the NRHP. The Southeast Iowa Regional Airport ( IATA code BRL ), is located about five miles south of downtown. Quad City International Airport , the area's large international airport, is approximately 70 miles north of the city, in Moline, Illinois . Burlington has one sister city , as designated by Sister Cities International : Philco Philco (an acronym for Philadelphia Battery Company )

7194-534: The brand to a group of investors, who intended to license the brand to Brazilian appliance maker Britânia. In 2003, the Merloni Group acquired rights to the Philco brand (from Philco International) for use in Italy . The Italian Philco produces household appliances in affiliation with ex- Bendix Corporation and Thorn EMI Moyor Electronics (e.g. Bendix 71258 1000 automatic washing machine 1986). As of 2006,

7303-665: The chairman of Intel's board and a major investor in the company, said that for Intel to succeed, the company needed Noyce, Moore and Andrew Grove . And it needed them in that order. Noyce: the visionary, born to inspire; Moore: the virtuoso of technology; and Grove: the technologist turned management scientist. The relaxed culture that Noyce brought to Intel was a carry-over from his style at Fairchild Semiconductor. He treated employees as family, rewarding and encouraging teamwork. Noyce's management style could be called "roll up your sleeves". He shunned fancy corporate cars, reserved parking spaces, private jets, offices, and furnishings in favor of

7412-621: The circuitry design. Chrysler and Philco announced that they had developed and produced the world's first all-transistor car radio and it was announced in the April 28, 1955, edition of the Wall Street Journal . Chrysler made the all-transistor car radio, Mopar model 914HR, available in Fall 1955 for its new line of 1956 Chrysler and Imperial cars, as a $ 150 option ($ 1,706 in 2023). Philco's radio manufacturing plant in Sandusky, Ohio, had produced

7521-528: The city empty, but other businesses have moved into them; PPG , maker of auto safety glass has moved into the former CAT plant, and a warehouse has moved into the former Leopold building. In March 2012, the Des Moines Register reported that "Unemployment here is 7.6 percent, compared with the 5.4 percent state average". In 2022 Ben Jacobs of The New Republic wrote that the area's economy had more problems related to late 20th century globalization compared to that of Dubuque, Iowa . The downtown area holds

7630-421: The city. The population density was 1,772.3 inhabitants per square mile (684.3/km ). There were 11,899 housing units at an average density of 821.8 per square mile (317.3/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 81.2% White , 14.2% African American , 0.3% Native American , 0.8% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 0.7% from other races , and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.1% of

7739-427: The city. The population density was 1,910.1 inhabitants per square mile (737.5/km ). There were 11,985 housing units at an average density of 853.0 per square mile (329.3/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 86.6% White , 10.0% African American , 0.33% Native American , 0.66% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 0.90% from other races , and 1.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.06% of

7848-575: The company is mainly known in Australia . In Argentina , in March 2004, Philco was acquired by a group of Argentine investors. The presence of Philco in Argentina dates from 1930 and remains a traditional mark of appliances in this country. It manufactures refrigerators by Helametal Catamarca S.A. (Philco Argentina). All the line electronics, LCD TV, Car Stereos, Air Conditioning, MWO, Audio & DVD,

7957-627: The consoles used in both Mission Operations Control Rooms (a.k.a. Mission Control) at Building 30 of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Philco technical representatives worked with NASA staff to design and integrate the consoles with NASA hardware and systems. The consoles were used for the Gemini , Apollo , Skylab , and Space Shuttle missions until 1998. The Philco-designed and installed consoles in Mission Control 2 at

8066-467: The fall of that year. He was the star diver on the 1947 Midwest Conference Championship swim team. While at Grinnell College, Noyce sang, played the oboe and acted. In Noyce's junior year, he got in trouble for stealing a 25-pound pig from the Grinnell mayor's farm and roasting it at a school luau . The mayor wrote to his parents stating that “In the agricultural state of Iowa, stealing a domestic animal

8175-421: The first fully functional all electronic television system ( U.S. patent 1,773,980 , filed Jan 7, 1927), worked at Philco from 1931 to 1933. Philco was founded in 1892 as Helios Electric Company. From its inception until 1904, the company manufactured carbon-arc lamps . As this line of business slowly floundered over the last decade of the 19th century, the firm experienced increasingly difficult times. As

8284-568: The minor leagues after the 2020 season. The Bees play at Community Field , which underwent extensive renovation in 2005. Burlington hosts the Snake Alley Criterium , one of the most physically challenging races in the Midwest. The annual event is held on a 15-block course, with differences in elevation from 555 feet to 678 feet. The course is entirely on city streets, mostly in the downtown commercial area. A one-block-long climb

8393-539: The name for private brands and retro-style consumer electronics. Philips also licensed the Philco brand name to Funai for digital converter boxes for analog TVs in the USA. As of September 2019, the US website is no longer functioning. In Brazil , Philco (then Philco-Hitachi ) was acquired in 1989 by Itautec , becoming Itautec-Philco and in August 2005 Itautec sold Philco to Gradiente . In August 2007, Gradiente sold

8502-465: The nation in production volume. Up to that time most radios were handmade and priced for relatively wealthy consumers. Atwater Kent, the leading radio seller, coincidentally was also located in Philadelphia. The Philadelphia Storage Battery Company decided that prices of radios could be scaled for a mass market by incorporating assembly line techniques then only used by the automobile industry. By

8611-401: The news of his victory with a distracted "Wasn't that nice of Daddy to let you win?" Even at the age of five, Noyce felt offended by the notion of intentionally losing. "That's not the game", he sulked to his mother. "If you're going to play, play to win!" When Noyce was twelve years old in the summer of 1940, he and his brother built a boy-sized aircraft, which they used to fly from the roof of

8720-405: The one-tube "Mystery Control", used on their 13-tube model 116RX-SU (or 39-116). This feature was not offered by any other maker until the 1970s stereo receivers. Philco ranked 57th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts. Another interesting product was the Philco "Beam of Light" 78 RPM record players offered in 1941 and 1942. These units had

8829-413: The original building on Central St. and Washington St. which was divided by the local train tracks, was recently razed. Another long-lived business is Case Corporation , which has been at its current location on Des Moines Avenue, approximately a quarter-mile from the Mississippi River, since 1937. The first backhoes rolled off the assembly line at the Burlington plant in 1957, which is now the only plant in

8938-451: The population. Of the 10,629 households, 25.6% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.5% were married couples living together, 8.7% were cohabitating couples, 32.6% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present and 21.3% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 42.2% of all households were non-families. 35.5% of all households were made up of individuals, 16.2% had someone living alone who

9047-441: The population. There were 10,938 households, of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.8% were non-families. 32.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

9156-408: The population. There were 11,102 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.2% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and

9265-486: The population. After purchasing Benner Tea, Aldi opened its first store in the United States at Burlington in 1976. Westland Mall opened in nearby West Burlington in 1977. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 15.24 square miles (39.47 km ), of which 14.48 square miles (37.50 km ) is land and 0.76 square miles (1.97 km ) is water. As of

9374-427: The river. The main part of the city is situated like an amphitheater formed by the surrounding hills, beautiful buildings and private residences on the eminences around. From the location of Burlington it must always be a place of considerable trade. The city is well built [in the] modern style, a very intelligent population... The river here is over 3/4 of mile wide and steam ferry boats constantly plying between this and

9483-506: The start of the 2012–13 school year, is located near the corner of Lawrence Drive and Mason Road. The middle school was named in honor of former JPL head, and Burlington educated Dr. Edward Stone . This building replaced the James Madison Middle School building, which has only been in the system since the mid-1960s. These two new middle schools were built to accommodate more students after a third building, Horace Mann,

9592-521: The top. This was for economic reason partly, as one piece of wood formed both the top and sides. Philco sold far more of this style than any other maker, a total of over two million (in over twenty models, with from four to eleven tubes) from 1930 to 1938; many of them exist today in collections. By today's standards, most are still excellent performing AM band radios when restored. A few of their innovations were very futuristic. From 1939 to 1941, they sold radios that were operated by wireless remote control,

9701-747: The union in 2004"; but in May 2010, the Register reports, Case announced that "it will open a new line that builds corn-picker heads for combines, as early as [Spring, 2012]" and that by mid-2013 it will add more than 200 positions. Over the last several years, several businesses have either left the area or relocated elsewhere. These businesses include Exide , makers of vehicle batteries, CAT , Case Corporation's closest competitor in American made construction equipment, and Lehigh-Leopold, makers of office furniture. This has left some former manufacturing plants around

9810-479: The west side of the Mississippi River, a place of very considerable business. The town is very well built. Houses are good, generally taste[ful], brick dwellings. A great many handsome residences on the more elevated parts of the bluff. The number of inhabitants between 3,000 and 3,500. ... Was the first seat of government after the formation of the Territory of Iowa. The view of the city is extremely picturesque from

9919-437: Was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.89. The median age in the city was 39.7 years. 23.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.6% were from 25 to 44; 26.5% were from 45 to 64; and 17.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.1% male and 51.9% female. As of the 2000 census , there were 26,839 people, 11,102 households, and 7,105 families residing in

10028-423: Was 65 years old or older. The median age in the city was 41.6 years. 24.2% of the residents were under the age of 20; 5.5% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 24.0% were from 25 and 44; 25.4% were from 45 and 64; and 20.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female. As of the 2010 census , there were 25,663 people, 10,938 households, and 6,693 families residing in

10137-477: Was a rectifier unit which enabled users to operate their battery-powered radios from standard light or wall sockets. By 1927, over a million of these units had been sold, but the invention of the vacuum tube rectifier (incorporated into the coming 1928 line of radio sets) made this technology obsolete. In 1926, Philco decided to begin making radios. The first Philco radios were introduced in mid-1928, and 96,000 were produced that year, making Philco radios 26th in

10246-577: Was a 1951 graduate of Tufts University . While living in Los Altos, California , they had four children: William B., Pendred, Priscilla, and Margaret. Elizabeth loved New England , so the family acquired a 50-acre coastal summer home in Bremen, Maine . Elizabeth and the children would summer there. Robert would visit during the summer, while continuing to work at Intel. They divorced in 1974. On November 27, 1974, Noyce married Ann Schmeltz Bowers . Bowers,

10355-527: Was a graduate of Oberlin College and prior to her marriage, she had dreams of becoming a missionary. Journalist Tom Wolfe described her as "an intelligent woman with a commanding will". Noyce had three siblings: Donald Sterling Noyce, Gaylord Brewster Noyce and Ralph Harold Noyce. His brother Donald would go on to become a respected professor and associate dean of undergraduate affairs in the UC Berkeley College of Chemistry ; Robert later created

10464-646: Was asked what he would do if he were "emperor" of the United States. He said that he would, among other things, "...make sure we are preparing our next generation to flourish in a high-tech age. And that means education of the lowest and the poorest, as well as at the graduate school level." Noyce suffered a heart attack at age 62 at home on June 3, 1990, and later died at the Seton Medical Center in Austin, Texas. In July 1959, he filed for U.S. patent 2,981,877 "Semiconductor Device and Lead Structure",

10573-598: Was awarded the IEEE Medal of Honor in 1978 "for his contributions to the silicon integrated circuit, a cornerstone of modern electronics." In 1979, he was awarded the National Medal of Science . He also received Faraday Medal in 1979. Noyce was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1980. The National Academy of Engineering awarded him its 1989 Charles Stark Draper Prize . The science building at his alma mater, Grinnell College ,

10682-535: Was born in Burlington that same year, the first European-descended American settler child born on Iowa soil. In 1837, Burlington was designated the second territorial capital of the Wisconsin Territory . The Iowa Territory was organized in the following year, and Burlington was named as its first territorial capital. The government used "Old Zion," the first Methodist Church in Iowa (located near what

10791-576: Was bought by AB Electrolux .) The company (as well as the Sylvania brand name) was acquired from GTE by Philips in 1981 so that Philips could use its trademark in the United States . Philco had been able to keep Philips from using its trademark because of the similar-sounding names, so Philips had sold its products in the United States under the name " Norelco ". Philips later used the Philco name for promotional consumer electronics and licensed

10900-675: Was called SOLO, since the idea was to have powerful personal workstations, and the computer was later commercially named the Philco Transac S-1000. The SOLO transistorized large scale scientific computer was finally built and delivered to the National Security Agency in November 1957. Philco also entered into a contract with the U.S. Navy's David Taylor Basin Research Division in 1955, to build

11009-461: Was dedicated to improving public education in mathematics and science in grades K-12 . The foundation announced that it would end operations in 2015. California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly), established The Noyce School of Applied Computing in the College of Engineering with a $ 60 million gift from the Robert N. Noyce Trust in June of 2022. In 1990, Congress established

11118-490: Was gutted by fire in 2005. Burlington Community High School was constructed in 1968, and occupied the following year, with the first graduating class in June 1970. Prior to that, the high school students were educated at the former Apollo High School building located near the downtown business district; the building is still standing and for a time served as Burlington Alternative High School, but has been unoccupied since 1996. Notre Dame High School and Elementary schools occupy

11227-550: Was hooked. Gale suggested that he apply to the doctoral program in physics at MIT , which he did. Noyce had a mind so quick that his graduate school friends called him "Rapid Robert". He received his doctorate in physics from MIT in 1953. After graduating from MIT in 1953, Noyce took a job as a research engineer at the Philco Corporation in Philadelphia . He left in 1956 to join William Shockley ,

11336-586: Was inducted into the U.S. Business Hall of Fame sponsored by Junior Achievement , during a black tie ceremony keynoted by President George H. W. Bush . In 1990 Noyce – along with, among others, Jack Kilby and transistor inventor John Bardeen  – received a "Lifetime Achievement Medal" during the bicentennial celebration of the Patent Act. Noyce received the Franklin Institute 's Stuart Ballantine Medal in 1966. He

11445-539: Was made of silicon , whereas Kilby's chip was made of germanium . Noyce's invention was the first monolithic integrated circuit chip. Unlike Kilby's IC which had external wire connections and could not be mass-produced, Noyce's monolithic IC chip put all components on a chip of silicon and connected them with copper lines. The basis for Noyce's monolithic IC was the planar process , developed in early 1959 by Jean Hoerni . Noyce and Gordon Moore founded Intel in 1968 when they left Fairchild Semiconductor. Arthur Rock ,

11554-542: Was not doing well. Negotiations with appliance maker White Consolidated Industries (WCI) started in January, but were called off in March. By September, Ford and GTE Sylvania – Philco's largest competitor – announced the sale of the non-automotive parts of the business, with the exception of the new refrigerator range, which Ford also kept. The deal closed on December 11. In 1977, GTE sold Philco International to earlier suitor White Consolidated Industries. (In 1986, WCI

11663-408: Was one of the largest furniture producers in the world, but the end was near for "high quality" furniture cabinets along with stereo equipment. Solid wood cabinets with veneers were replaced with cheaper wood composites covered in vinyl paper and plastic wood pieces. The quality electronic systems that had been built in the United States were replaced with new designs and systems, engineered and built at

11772-460: Was replaced by the TDRS communication satellites in the 1990s. Philco's Western Development Labs ultimately became Space Systems/Loral , which continues to manufacture spacecraft. In later years, the company produced automotive electronic controls, aerospace tracking systems, and artificial satellites. In 1963, Philco was also responsible for the design, manufacturing, installation, and service of all

11881-441: Was the reason Fairchild had agreed to create the semiconductor division for the traitorous eight. Noyce was vital to the invention of the integrated circuit . After Jack Kilby invented the first hybrid integrated circuit (hybrid IC) in 1958, Noyce in 1959 independently invented a new type of integrated circuit, the monolithic integrated circuit (monolithic IC). It was more practical than Kilby's implementation . Noyce's design

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