174-494: Guendoline Rome Viray Gomez (born 30 Aug 1999), better known by his stage name No Rome , is a London -based Filipino musician from San Francisco del Monte . He is best known for his 2021 single " Spinning ", which featured Charli XCX and the 1975 , and charted at No. 94 on the UK Singles Chart . Gomez also cowrote the 1975's " TooTimeTooTimeTooTime ", which charted at No. 26. Guendoline Rome Viray Gomez grew up in
348-594: A British Academy Film Award , a Tony Award , and nominations for two Academy Awards and five Golden Globe Awards . Johansson first appeared on stage in an off-Broadway play as a child actress. She made her film debut in the fantasy comedy North (1994) and gained early recognition for her roles in Manny & Lo (1996), The Horse Whisperer (1998), and Ghost World (2001). Her shift to adult roles came in 2003 with Lost in Translation , for which she won
522-502: A McDonald's outside their college, and would later become the programmer and drummer for Gomez's live shows; another bandmate, Chris, would flash moving images on Gomez using a projector. Gomez moved to London at the age of 18, after he was signed to Dirty Hit. In 2013, he released the double A-side single "Dance With Me" / "United We Are"", followed by the EP Fantasy , both on Number Line Records. In 2014, he released "Heaven",
696-518: A sex symbol , Johansson has been referred to as one of the world's most attractive women by various media outlets. She is a prominent brand endorser and supports several charitable causes. Divorced from actor Ryan Reynolds and businessman Romain Dauriac, Johansson has been married to comedian Colin Jost since 2020. She has two children, one with Dauriac and another with Jost. Scarlett Ingrid Johansson
870-576: A "clear desire to mess with pop convention." Gomez spent a period misdiagnosed with schizophrenia , for which he took antipsychotic medication; he later wrote the It's All Smiles album track "Secret Beach" about his experiences. In a December 2021 interview with Vice , he stated that It's All Smiles had been influenced by My Bloody Valentine, Nujabes , and the Avalanches , and a March 2022 edition of Out of Print noted that his influences spanned
1044-412: A Pearl Earring established her as among the most versatile actresses of her generation. Johansson had five releases in 2004, three of which—the teen heist film The Perfect Score , the drama A Love Song for Bobby Long , and the drama A Good Woman —were critical and commercial failures. Co-starring with John Travolta , Johansson played a discontented teenager in A Love Song for Bobby Long , which
1218-556: A Play . Some critics and Broadway actors criticized the award committee's decision to reward the work of mainstream Hollywood actors, including Johansson. In response, she said that she understood the frustration, but had worked hard for her accomplishments. Johansson secured the part of Black Widow in Jon Favreau 's Iron Man 2 (2010), a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), after Emily Blunt
1392-793: A behind-the-scenes drama about the making of Alfred Hitchcock 's 1960 film Psycho . Roger Ebert wrote that Johansson did not look much like Leigh, but conveyed her spunk, intelligence, and sense of humor. In January 2013, Johansson starred in a Broadway revival of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof , directed by Rob Ashford . Set in the Mississippi Delta , it examines the relationships within the family of Big Daddy ( Ciarán Hinds ), primarily between his son Brick ( Benjamin Walker ) and Maggie (Johansson). Her performance received mixed reviews. Entertainment Weekly ' s Thom Geier wrote Johansson "brings
1566-542: A budget of $ 40 million to become the 18th highest-grossing film of 2014 . In 2015 and 2016, Johansson again played Black Widow in the MCU films Avengers: Age of Ultron and Captain America: Civil War . During filming of the former, a mixture of close-ups, concealing costumes, stunt doubles and visual effects were used to hide her pregnancy. Both films earned more than $ 1.1 billion, ranking among
1740-696: A cast member who vanished during the filming of a biblical epic; Johansson plays an actress who becomes pregnant while her film is in production. She also voiced Kaa in Jon Favreau's live-action adaptation of Disney's The Jungle Book , and Ash in the animated musical comedy film Sing (both 2016). That year she also narrated an audiobook of Lewis Carroll 's children's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland . Johansson played Motoko Kusanagi in Rupert Sanders 's 2017 film adaptation of
1914-799: A chatbot with a voice that resembled her own, after she declined to formally work with the company to provide her voice for the app. While attending the Professional Children's School, Johansson dated classmate Jack Antonoff from 2001 to 2002. She dated her Black Dahlia co-star Josh Hartnett for about two years until the end of 2006. According to Hartnett, they broke up because their busy schedules kept them apart. Johansson began dating Canadian actor Ryan Reynolds in April 2007. They became engaged in May 2008 and married in September 2008 in
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#17327720014442088-747: A child, Johansson practiced acting by staring in the mirror until she made herself cry, wanting to be like Judy Garland in Meet Me in St. Louis . At age seven, she was devastated when a talent agent signed one of her brothers instead of her, but later decided to become an actress anyway. After enrolling at the Lee Strasberg Theatre Institute and auditioning for commercials, Johansson soon lost interest, stating "I didn't want to promote Wonder Bread." She shifted her focus to film and theater, making her first stage appearance with two lines in
2262-484: A collection of spiders exposed to toxic waste, causing them to grow gigantic and begin killing animals and people. After graduating from Professional Children's School that year, she applied to New York University's Tisch School of the Arts , but was rejected, and decided to focus on her film career. Johansson transitioned from teen to adult roles with two films in 2003: the romantic comedy-drama Lost in Translation and
2436-478: A college graduate working as a nanny. Reviews of her performance were mixed; Variety wrote, "[She] essays an engaging heroine", and The New Yorker criticized her for looking "merely confused" while "trying to give the material a plausible emotional center". In 2008, Johansson starred, with Natalie Portman and Eric Bana , in The Other Boleyn Girl , which also earned mixed reviews. Promoting
2610-455: A day, and she hit her head and injured herself. The film received mixed reviews and grossed $ 163 million against a $ 126 million budget. Two of Johansson's films in 2006 explored the world of stage magicians, both opposite Hugh Jackman . Allen cast her opposite Jackman and himself in the film Scoop (2006), in which she played a journalism student. The film was a modest worldwide box office success, but polarized critics. Ebert
2784-527: A female-led franchise. Ghost in the Shell grossed $ 169.8 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 110 million. In March 2017, Johansson hosted Saturday Night Live for the fifth time, making her the 17th person and the fourth woman to enter the NBC sketch comedy's prestigious Five-Timers Club . Johansson's next 2017 film was the comedy Rough Night , where she played Jess Thayer, one of
2958-499: A fierce fighting spirit" to her part, but Joe Dziemianowicz from Daily News called her performance "alarmingly one-note". The 2013 Sundance Film Festival hosted the premiere of Joseph Gordon-Levitt 's directorial debut, Don Jon . In this romantic comedy-drama, she played the girlfriend of the pornography-addicted title character. Gordon-Levitt wrote the role for Johansson, who had previously admired his acting work. The film received positive reviews and Johansson's performance
3132-660: A former teacher on the phone for her role as Black Widow in The Avengers (2012), another entry from the MCU. The film received mainly positive reviews and broke many box office records, becoming the third highest-grossing film both in the United States and worldwide. For her performance, she was nominated for two Teen Choice Awards and three People's Choice Awards . Later that year, Johansson portrayed actress Janet Leigh in Sacha Gervasi 's Hitchcock ,
3306-554: A great presence in the role, showing expert action and acting chops throughout". For the film, Johansson won The Female Movie Star of 2021 at the 47th People's Choice Awards . Also that year, she reprised her voice role as Ash in the sequel Sing 2 . In July 2021, Johansson sued Disney , claiming the simultaneous release of Black Widow on their streaming service Disney+ breached a contract clause for exclusive theatrical release, denying her additional box-office bonuses. In response, Disney said her lawsuit showed an indifference to
3480-622: A healthy body. She posed nude for the March 2006 cover of Vanity Fair alongside actress Keira Knightley and fully clothed fashion designer Tom Ford . The photograph sparked controversy as some believed it demonstrated that women are forced to flaunt their sexuality more often than men. Johansson has supported various charitable organizations including Aid Still Required , Cancer Research UK , Stand Up To Cancer , Too Many Women (which works against breast cancer), and USA Harvest , which provides food for people in need. In 2005, Johansson became
3654-542: A larger area, similar in size to Greater London, although some outer districts are excluded and some just outside included. The Greater London boundary has been aligned to the M25 motorway in places. Further urban expansion is now prevented by the Metropolitan Green Belt , although the built-up area extends beyond the boundary in places, producing a separately defined Greater London Urban Area . Beyond this
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#17327720014443828-677: A performance that "borders on astonishing". The film, a box office success, earned Johansson nominations for the Golden Globe and the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress . Also that year, Johansson starred with Ewan McGregor in Michael Bay 's science fiction film The Island , in dual roles as Sarah Jordan and her clone, Jordan Two Delta. Johansson found her filming schedule exhausting: she had to shoot for 14 hours
4002-403: A population density of 802 per acre (325 per hectare). In addition to the growing number of stores selling goods, such as Harding, Howell & Co. —one of the first department stores —located on Pall Mall , the streets had scores of street sellers . London's overcrowded conditions led to cholera epidemics, claiming 14,000 lives in 1848, and 6,000 in 1866. Rising traffic congestion led to
4176-573: A population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of 11,760 inhabitants per square mile (4,542/km ). The extended area known as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration, comprises a total area of 3,236 square miles (8,382 km ) has a population of 13,709,000 and a population density of 3,900 inhabitants per square mile (1,510/km ). Modern London stands on
4350-605: A song about misinterpretation of his lyrics, and the following month he released "Seventeen" on Ryan Hemsworth 's Secret Songs label, a song about a friend's failed romance; Wave Racer would cover the song in June 2021. Gomez then entered into correspondence with Samuel Burgess-Johnson and sent him his demos, who proceeded to share them with his flatmate Matty Healy , who invited him to London and signed him to his label Dirty Hit . In 2018, Healy and George Daniel produced Rome's third EP, RIP Indo Hisashi , which took its name from
4524-549: A song inspired by recent bereavements, and in 2015, he released "Know U" on Mermaid Avenue, about being ghosted by inopportune partners, and the EP Hurry Home & Rest on Number Line Records. The following year, fed up of carting his MIDI controllers around on buses, he took a job at a call center , staying in post for seven months, and used the proceeds to purchase a digital audio workstation , gear, and private transportation. In January 2017, he released "Blue Jeans",
4698-441: A supporting role in the film Chef (2014), alongside Robert Downey Jr. , Sofía Vergara , and director Jon Favreau. It grossed over $ 45 million at the box office and was well received by critics. The Chicago Sun-Times writer Richard Roeper found the film "funny, quirky and insightful, with a bounty of interesting supporting characters". In Luc Besson 's science fiction action film Lucy (2014), Johansson starred as
4872-419: A teenage character, Johansson was convinced by a friend to take on the part. Ben Brantley of The New York Times wrote Johansson "melts into her character so thoroughly that her nimbus of celebrity disappears". Variety ' s David Rooney was impressed with the play and Johansson in particular, describing her as the chief performer. She won the 2010 Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in
5046-499: A temperate oceanic climate ( Köppen : Cfb ). Rainfall records have been kept in the city since at least 1697, when records began at Kew . At Kew, the most rainfall in one month is 7.4 inches (189 mm) in November 1755 and the least is 0 inches (0 mm) in both December 1788 and July 1800. Mile End also had 0 inches (0 mm) in April 1893. The wettest year on record is 1903, with a total fall of 38.1 inches (969 mm) and
5220-523: A wilderness retreat on Vancouver Island . They separated in December 2010 and divorced in July 2011. In a 2019 interview with Vanity Fair , Johansson reflected on the marriage. "I mean, the first time I got married I was 23 years old. I didn't really have an understanding of marriage. Maybe I kind of romanticized it, I think, in a way." In November 2012, Johansson began dating Frenchman Romain Dauriac,
5394-699: Is 1,049.8 millibars (31.00 inHg) on 20 January 2020. Summers are generally warm, sometimes hot. London's average July high is 23.5 °C (74.3 °F). On average each year, London experiences 31 days above 25 °C (77.0 °F) and 4.2 days above 30.0 °C (86.0 °F). During the 2003 European heat wave , prolonged heat led to hundreds of heat-related deaths. A previous spell of 15 consecutive days above 32.2 °C (90.0 °F) in England in 1976 also caused many heat related deaths. A previous temperature of 37.8 °C (100.0 °F) in August 1911 at
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5568-715: Is also an actress, an older brother named Adrian, and a twin brother named Hunter. Johansson also has an older half-brother named Christian from her father's first marriage, and holds dual American and Danish citizenship. On a 2017 episode of PBS 's Finding Your Roots , she discovered that her maternal great-grandfather's brother and extended family died during the Holocaust in the Warsaw Ghetto . Johansson attended PS 41 , an elementary school in Greenwich Village , Manhattan. Her parents divorced when she
5742-497: Is an American actress and singer. The world's highest-paid actress in 2018 and 2019, she has been featured multiple times on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list. Time named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2021. Johansson's films have grossed over $ 15.4 billion worldwide, making her the highest-grossing box office female star of all time . She has received various accolades , including
5916-441: Is based on the novel Off Magazine Street by Ronald Everett Capps. David Rooney of Variety wrote that Johansson's and Travolta's performances rescued the film. Johansson earned a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Drama nomination for the film. In her fourth release in 2004, the live-action animated comedy The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , Johansson voiced Princess Mindy, the daughter of King Neptune . She agreed to
6090-510: Is described as a sex symbol by the media. Already at the age of 17, when filming Lost in Translation , she felt she was groomed as a "bombshell-type" actor, as she explained in a 2022 podcast with Bruce Bozzi. The Sydney Morning Herald describes her as "the embodiment of male fantasy". During the filming of Match Point , director Woody Allen remarked upon her attractiveness, calling her "beautiful" and "sexually overwhelming". In 2014, The New Yorker film critic Anthony Lane wrote that "she
6264-441: Is evidently, and profitably, aware of her sultriness, and of how much, down to the last inch, it contributes to the contours of her reputation." Johansson has expressed displeasure at being sexualized and maintains that a preoccupation with one's attractiveness does not last. She has stated that while she is flattered to be considered sexy, she finds the implication that her strength comes from her sexuality to be confining. She lost
6438-545: Is formed of two tiers: a citywide, strategic tier and a local tier. Citywide administration is coordinated by the Greater London Authority (GLA), while local administration is carried out by 33 smaller authorities. The GLA consists of two elected components: the mayor of London , who has executive powers , and the London Assembly , which scrutinises the mayor's decisions and can accept or reject
6612-760: Is headquartered in Thames House on the north bank of the River Thames and the foreign intelligence service ( MI6 ) is headquartered in the SIS Building on the south bank. Crime rates vary widely across different areas of London. Crime figures are made available nationally at Local Authority and Ward level. In 2015, there were 118 homicides, a 25.5% increase over 2014. Recorded crime has been rising in London, notably violent crime and murder by stabbing and other means have risen. There were 50 murders from
6786-642: Is held by an independent . The ministerial post of minister for London was created in 1994, however as of 2024, the post has been vacant. Policing in Greater London, with the exception of the City of London , is provided by the Metropolitan Police ("The Met"), overseen by the mayor through the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC). The Met is also referred to as Scotland Yard after
6960-613: Is her film, not Vermeer's, all the way." Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly noted her "nearly silent performance", remarking, "The interplay on her face of fear, ignorance, curiosity and sex is intensely dramatic." She was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and Golden Globe Awards for Best Actress for both films in 2003, winning the former for Lost in Translation . In Variety ' s opinion, Johansson's roles in Lost in Translation and Girl with
7134-564: Is known as London . It is the capital of the United Kingdom and of England by convention rather than statute. The capital of England was moved to London from Winchester as the Palace of Westminster developed in the 12th and 13th centuries to become the permanent location of the royal court , and thus the political capital of the nation. Greater London encompasses a total area of 611 square miles (1,583 km ) an area which had
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7308-610: Is the fourth-most populous in Europe, with about 9.8 million inhabitants as of 2011. The London metropolitan area is the third-most populous in Europe, with about 14 million inhabitants as of 2016, making London a megacity . Four World Heritage Sites are located in London: Kew Gardens ; the Tower of London ; the site featuring the Palace of Westminster , Church of St. Margaret , and Westminster Abbey ; and
7482-470: Is the highest-grossing film of all time. She next starred in Noah Baumbach 's Netflix film Marriage Story in which Adam Driver and she played a warring couple who file for divorce. Johansson found a connection with her character as she was amid her own divorce proceedings at the time. Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian commended her "brilliantly textured" performance in it. She also took on
7656-523: Is the vast London commuter belt . Greater London is split for some purposes into Inner London and Outer London , and by the River Thames into North and South , with an informal central London area. The coordinates of the nominal centre of London, traditionally the original Eleanor Cross at Charing Cross near the junction of Trafalgar Square and Whitehall , are about 51°30′26″N 00°07′39″W / 51.50722°N 0.12750°W / 51.50722; -0.12750 . Within London, both
7830-469: The Ghost in the Shell franchise. The film was praised for its visual style, acting, and cinematography, but was the subject of controversy for whitewashing the cast, particularly Johansson's character, a cyborg who was meant to hold the memories of a Japanese woman. Responding to the backlash, the actress asserted she would never play a non-white character, but wanted to take the rare opportunity to star in
8004-573: The San Francisco Chronicle noted, "[the film] grows on you, largely because of the charm of ... Scarlett Johansson," while critic Mick LaSalle , writing for the same paper, commented on her "peaceful aura", and believed, "If she can get through puberty with that aura undisturbed, she could become an important actress." Johansson earned a nomination for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Lead Female for
8178-478: The Time 100 , Time ' s annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world. Johansson was included on Forbes ' annual list of the world's highest-paid actresses from 2014 to 2016, with respective earnings of $ 17 million, $ 35.5 million, and $ 25 million. She would later top the list in 2018 and 2019, with earnings of $ 40.5 million and $ 56 million, respectively. She
8352-688: The Transformers film series . She will next reunite with Anderson in the ensemble adventure film The Phoenician Scheme and will make her directorial debut with the drama Eleanor the Great , starring June Squibb in the title role. In addition, Johansson will join the Jurassic Park franchise in Jurassic World Rebirth , and will return to the MCU as an executive producer on Thunderbolts* . In 2006, Johansson sang
8526-623: The BAFTA Award for Best Actress . She continued to gain praise for playing a 17th-century servant in Girl with a Pearl Earring (2003), a troubled teenager in A Love Song for Bobby Long (2004) and a seductress in Match Point (2005). The latter marked her first collaboration with Woody Allen , who later directed her in Scoop (2006) and Vicky Cristina Barcelona (2008). Johansson's other works of this period include The Prestige (2006) and
8700-540: The Black Death in the mid-14th century, London lost nearly a third of its population. London was the focus of the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. London was a centre of England's Jewish population before their expulsion by Edward I in 1290. Violence against Jews occurred in 1190, when it was rumoured that the new king had ordered their massacre after they had presented themselves at his coronation. In 1264 during
8874-589: The Canary Wharf development. This was born out of London's increasing role as an international financial centre in the 1980s. Located about 2 miles (3 km) east of central London, the Thames Barrier was completed in the 1980s to protect London against tidal surges from the North Sea . The Greater London Council was abolished in 1986, leaving London with no central administration until 2000 and
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#17327720014449048-575: The City of London , but since then it has also referred to the County of London and to Greater London . In 1993, remains of a Bronze Age bridge were found on the south River Thames foreshore, upstream from Vauxhall Bridge . Two of the timbers were radiocarbon dated to 1750–1285 BC. In 2010, foundations of a large timber structure, dated to 4800–4500 BC, were found on the Thames' south foreshore downstream from Vauxhall Bridge. Both structures are on
9222-531: The Coen brothers ' neo-noir film The Man Who Wasn't There (2001). Her breakthrough came playing a cynical outcast in Terry Zwigoff 's black comedy Ghost World (2001), an adaptation of Daniel Clowes ' graphic novel of the same name . Johansson auditioned for the film via a tape from New York, and Zwigoff believed her to be "a unique, eccentric person, and right for that part". The film premiered at
9396-672: The Corn Laws in 1846 was specifically aimed at weakening Dutch economic power. London then overtook Amsterdam as the leading international financial centre. With the onset of the Industrial Revolution in Britain, an unprecedented growth in urbanisation took place, and the number of High Streets (the primary street for retail in Britain) rapidly grew. London was the world's largest city from about 1831 to 1925 , with
9570-459: The Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Supporting Actress . Johansson was intimidated by the role's complexity, and found her recording sessions for the role challenging but liberating. Peter Travers believed Johansson's voice in the film was "sweet, sexy, caring, manipulative, scary [and] award-worthy". Time ' s Richard Corliss called her performance "seductive and winning", and Her
9744-610: The Deftones , jungle producer Goldie , and the light art pioneers Jenny Holzer and Nam June Paik , and that his "ultimate musical hero" was Kim Gordon . London London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom , with a population of 8,866,180 in 2022. The wider metropolitan area is the largest in Western Europe , with a population of 14.9 million. London stands on
9918-809: The FA Cup Final , the Wimbledon Tennis Championships , and the London Marathon . It became the first city to host three Summer Olympic Games upon hosting the 2012 Summer Olympics . London is an ancient name, attested in the first century AD, usually in the Latinised form Londinium . Modern scientific analyses of the name must account for the origins of the different forms found in early sources: Latin (usually Londinium ), Old English (usually Lunden ), and Welsh (usually Llundein ), with reference to
10092-403: The Georgian era , new districts such as Mayfair were formed in the west; new bridges over the Thames encouraged development in South London . In the east, the Port of London expanded downstream. London's development as an international financial centre matured for much of the 18th century. In 1762, George III acquired Buckingham House , which was enlarged over the next 75 years. During
10266-425: The Greater London Authority . As one of the world's major global cities , London exerts a strong influence on world art , entertainment, fashion , commerce, finance, education , healthcare , media , science, technology, tourism , transport , and communications. Despite a post- Brexit exodus of stock listings from the London Stock Exchange , London remains a European economic powerhouse, and one of
10440-429: The King's Road , Chelsea and Carnaby Street . The role of trendsetter revived in the punk era. In 1965 London's political boundaries were expanded in response to the growth of the urban area and a new Greater London Council was created. During The Troubles in Northern Ireland, London was hit from 1973 by bomb attacks by the Provisional Irish Republican Army . These attacks lasted for two decades, starting with
10614-411: The London Ambulance Service (LAS) NHS Trust , the largest free-at-the-point-of-use emergency ambulance service in the world. The London Air Ambulance charity operates in conjunction with the LAS where required. Her Majesty's Coastguard and the Royal National Lifeboat Institution operate on the River Thames , which is under the jurisdiction of the Port of London Authority from Teddington Lock to
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#173277200144410788-435: The Mediterranean was normally through Antwerp and over the Alps ; any ships passing through the Strait of Gibraltar to or from England were likely to be Italian or Ragusan . The reopening of the Netherlands to English shipping in January 1565 spurred a burst of commercial activity. The Royal Exchange was founded. Mercantilism grew and monopoly traders such as the East India Company were founded as trade expanded to
10962-429: The New Model Army entered London in 1647, and they were levelled by Parliament the same year. London was plagued by disease in the early 17th century, culminating in the Great Plague of 1665–1666, which killed up to 100,000 people, or a fifth of the population. The Great Fire of London broke out in 1666 in Pudding Lane in the city and quickly swept through the wooden buildings. Rebuilding took over ten years and
11136-452: The New World . London became the main North Sea port, with migrants arriving from England and abroad. The population rose from about 50,000 in 1530 to about 225,000 in 1605. In the 16th century, William Shakespeare and his contemporaries lived in London during English Renaissance theatre . Shakespeare's Globe Theatre was constructed in 1599 in Southwark . Stage performances came to a halt in London when Puritan authorities shut down
11310-421: The Old Bailey bombing . Racial inequality was highlighted by the 1981 Brixton riot . Greater London's population declined in the decades after the Second World War, from an estimated peak of 8.6 million in 1939 to around 6.8 million in the 1980s. The principal ports for London moved downstream to Felixstowe and Tilbury , with the London Docklands area becoming a focus for regeneration, including
11484-418: The River Thames in southeast England, at the head of a 50-mile (80 km) estuary down to the North Sea , and has been a major settlement for nearly 2,000 years. Its ancient core and financial centre , the City of London , was founded by the Romans as Londinium and has retained its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster , to the west of the City of London, has been the centuries-long host of
11658-424: The Second Barons' War , Simon de Montfort 's rebels killed 500 Jews while attempting to seize records of debts. During the Tudor period , the Reformation produced a gradual shift to Protestantism . Much of London property passed from church to private ownership, which accelerated trade and business in the city. In 1475, the Hanseatic League set up a main trading base ( kontor ) of England in London, called
11832-412: The Stalhof or Steelyard . It remained until 1853, when the Hanseatic cities of Lübeck , Bremen and Hamburg sold the property to South Eastern Railway . Woollen cloth was shipped undyed and undressed from 14th/15th century London to the nearby shores of the Low Countries . Yet English maritime enterprise hardly reached beyond the seas of north-west Europe . The commercial route to Italy and
12006-495: The Thames , its primary geographical feature, a navigable river which crosses the city from the south-west to the east. The Thames Valley is a flood plain surrounded by gently rolling hills including Parliament Hill , Addington Hills , and Primrose Hill . Historically London grew up at the lowest bridging point on the Thames. The Thames was once a much broader, shallower river with extensive marshlands ; at high tide, its shores reached five times their present width. Since
12180-414: The Victorian era the Thames has been extensively embanked , and many of its London tributaries now flow underground . The Thames is a tidal river, and London is vulnerable to flooding. The threat has increased over time because of a slow but continuous rise in high water level caused by climate change and by the slow 'tilting' of the British Isles as a result of post-glacial rebound . London has
12354-432: The highest-grossing films of all time . For Civil War , Johansson earned her second nomination for Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie and her fourth for Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress. Earlier in 2016, Johansson had featured in the Coen brothers' well-received comedy film Hail, Caesar! about a "fixer" working in the classical Hollywood cinema, trying to discover what happened to
12528-574: The off-Broadway play Sophistry with Ethan Hawke . Around this time, Johansson began studying at the Professional Children's School , a private educational institution for aspiring child actors in Manhattan. At age nine, Johansson made her film debut as John Ritter 's daughter in the fantasy comedy North (1994). She says that when she was on the film set, she knew intuitively what to do. She later played minor roles such as
12702-590: The "horrific and prolonged" effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The company also stated that Johansson already received $ 20 million for the film and that the Disney+ Premier Access release would only earn her additional compensation. The Hollywood Reporter called Disney's response "aggressive," and Creative Artists Agency co-chairman Bryan Lourd criticized Disney for attacking Johansson's character and disclosing her salary. In September,
12876-516: The 11th century, London was clearly the largest town in England. Westminster Abbey , rebuilt in Romanesque style by King Edward the Confessor , was one of the grandest churches in Europe. Winchester had been the capital of Anglo-Saxon England , but from this time London became the main forum for foreign traders and the base for defence in time of war. In the view of Frank Stenton : "It had
13050-502: The 18th century, London was said to be dogged by crime, and the Bow Street Runners were established in 1750 as a professional police force. Epidemics during the 1720s and 30s saw most children born in the city die before reaching their fifth birthday. Coffee-houses became a popular place to debate ideas, as growing literacy and development of the printing press made news widely available, with Fleet Street becoming
13224-488: The 2001 Seattle International Film Festival ; although a box office failure, it has since developed a cult status . Johansson was credited with "sensitivity and talent [that] belie her age" by an Austin Chronicle critic and won a Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance. With David Arquette , Johansson appeared in the horror comedy Eight Legged Freaks (2002) about
13398-471: The City of London and the City of Westminster have city status . The City of London and the remainder of Greater London are both counties for the purposes of lieutenancies . The area of Greater London includes areas that are part of the historic counties of Middlesex , Kent , Surrey , Essex and Hertfordshire . More recently, Greater London has been defined as a region of England and in this context
13572-500: The Greenwich station was later disregarded as non-standard. Droughts can also, occasionally, be a problem, especially in summer, most recently in summer 2018, and with much drier than average conditions prevailing from May to December. However, the most consecutive days without rain was 73 days in the spring of 1893. Scarlett Johansson Scarlett Ingrid Johansson ( / dʒ oʊ ˈ h æ n s ən / ; born November 22, 1984)
13746-586: The Guardian , four out of five stars from DIY Mag and a 7.1 from Pitchfork . The Guardian argued that Gomez's self-proclaimed genre, "shoegaze R&B," presented contradictory ideas about the role of vocals: Shoegaze is a genre in which "singers sink in quicksands of guitar", while R&B is a genre often dependent on the quality of the vocalist, and noted that his choice "to foreground his thin, trebly voice and treat it with endless effects [... owed] more to hyperpop than anything else." They also described
13920-595: The Israeli company SodaStream , which makes home-carbonation products, hired Johansson as its first global brand ambassador, a relationship that commenced with a television commercial during Super Bowl XLVIII on February 2, 2014. This created some controversy, as SodaStream at that time operated a plant in Israeli-occupied territory in the West Bank . In May 2024, Johansson criticized OpenAI for releasing
14094-653: The Japanese painter Hisashi Indo, and featured "Narcissist", a collaboration with the 1975, who later adapted it for their own " TooTimeTooTimeTooTime ", which charted at No. 26 on the UK Singles Chart. Healy and Daniel also produced Gomez's fourth EP, Crying in the Prettiest Places , the following year, which charted at No. 14 on the UK R&;B Albums Chart . In January 2020, Gomez announced that he
14268-603: The London area. This called for the Corporation of the city to extend its jurisdiction and administration over expanding areas around the city. Fearing an attempt by the Crown to diminish the Liberties of London , coupled with a lack of interest in administering these additional areas or concern by city guilds of having to share power, caused the Corporation's "The Great Refusal", a decision which largely continues to account for
14442-618: The MCU, Johansson reprised her role as Black Widow in Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014). In the film, she joins forces with Captain America ( Chris Evans ) and Falcon ( Anthony Mackie ) to uncover a conspiracy within S.H.I.E.L.D. , while facing a mysterious assassin known as the Winter Soldier . Johansson and Evans wrote their own dialogue for several scenes they had together. Johansson
14616-468: The US. In 2010, Steel Train released Terrible Thrills Vol. 1 , which includes their favorite female artists singing songs from their self-titled album . Johansson is the first artist on the album, singing "Bullet". Johansson sang "One Whole Hour" for the 2011 soundtrack of the documentary film Wretches & Jabberers (2010). and in 2012 sang on a J. Ralph track entitled "Before My Time" for
14790-568: The Viking incursions formally agreed by the Danish warlord , Guthrum and the West Saxon king Alfred the Great in 886. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that Alfred "refounded" London in 886. Archaeological research shows this involved abandonment of Lundenwic and a revival of life and trade within the old Roman walls . London then grew slowly until a dramatic increase in about 950. By
14964-570: The Year in 2010. In 2022, Johansson founded the plant-based skincare line, The Outset , with Kate Foster. Johansson was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in June 2004. In 2006, she appeared on Forbes ' Celebrity 100 list and again in 2014, 2015, 2018 and 2019. She received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in May 2012. In 2021, she appeared on
15138-534: The [film's] emotional center". In her third collaboration with Woody Allen, the romantic comedy-drama Vicky Cristina Barcelona (2008), which was filmed in Spain, Johansson plays one of the love interests of Javier Bardem 's character alongside Penélope Cruz . The film was one of Allen's most profitable and received favorable reviews. A reviewer in Variety described Johansson as "open and malleable" compared to
15312-599: The action. She never did, and the divorce was finalized in September 2017. Johansson began dating Saturday Night Live co-head writer and Weekend Update co-host Colin Jost in May 2017. In May 2019, the two were engaged. They married in October 2020, at their New York home. She gave birth to their son in August 2021. Johansson resides in New York and Los Angeles. In September 2011, nude photographs of Johansson hacked from her cell phone were leaked online. She said
15486-558: The album the "23rd best album of 2008", and it peaked at number 126 on the Billboard 200 . Johansson started listening to Waits when she was 11 or 12 years old, and said of him, "His melodies are so beautiful, his voice is so distinct and I had my own way of doing Tom Waits songs." In September 2009, Johansson and singer-songwriter Pete Yorn released a collaborative album, Break Up , inspired by Serge Gainsbourg 's duets with Brigitte Bardot . The album reached number 41 in
15660-401: The album's "A Place Where Nobody Knows" and "Everything" as chillwave , and described the album as a " hyperpop headache". Pitchfork described the range of vocal styles presented in the record as "chameleonic," and called It's All Smiles , "solid pop with an experimental slant" that was "gratifying" and "ambitious" when cast against its pop counterparts, but ultimately "too safe." DIY Mag cited
15834-649: The albums Anywhere I Lay My Head (2008) and Break Up (2009), both of which charted on the Billboard 200 . In 2010, Johansson debuted on Broadway in a revival of A View from the Bridge , which won her the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play , and began portraying Black Widow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Iron Man 2 . She reprised the role in eight films, leading up to her solo feature Black Widow (2021), gaining global stardom. During this period, Johansson starred in
16008-499: The band Rome and the Cats alongside his brother, who acted as his manager. He then adopted the stage name "No Rome", based on a common response to him stating that he was starting in the music industry, and with Zeon and Ethan Namoch founded Young Liquid Gang (YLG) in 2012, a collective of musicians, visual artists, photographers, managers, and graphic designers which ran until 2015. One of YLG's members, Leon Ordinario, met Gomez by chance at
16182-614: The centre of the British press. The invasion of Amsterdam by Napoleonic armies led many financiers to relocate to London and the first London international issue was arranged in 1817. Around the same time, the Royal Navy became the world's leading war fleet, acting as a major deterrent to potential economic adversaries. Following a fire in 1838, the Royal Exchange was redesigned by William Tite and rebuilt in 1844. The repeal of
16356-536: The city's metropolis. The City of London at its core once comprised the whole settlement, but as its urban area grew, the Corporation of London resisted attempts to amalgamate the city with its suburbs , causing "London" to be defined several ways. Forty per cent of Greater London is covered by the London post town , in which 'London' forms part of postal addresses. The London telephone area code (020) covers
16530-412: The city, to intimidate the inhabitants. In 1097, William II began building Westminster Hall , near the abbey. It became the basis of a new Palace of Westminster . In the 12th century, the institutions of central government, which had hitherto followed the royal English court around the country, grew in size and sophistication and became increasingly fixed, for most purposes at Westminster , although
16704-600: The combined revenue expenditure by London councils and the GLA amounted to just over £22 billion (£14.7 billion for the boroughs and £7.4 billion for the GLA). The London Fire Brigade is the statutory fire and rescue service for Greater London, run by the London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority . It is the third largest fire service in the world. National Health Service ambulance services are provided by
16878-626: The creation of the Greater London Authority . To mark the 21st century, the Millennium Dome , London Eye and Millennium Bridge were constructed. On 6 July 2005 London was awarded the 2012 Summer Olympics , as the first city to stage the Olympic Games three times. On 7 July 2005, three London Underground trains and a double-decker bus were bombed in a series of terrorist attacks . In 2008, Time named London alongside New York City and Hong Kong as Nylonkong , hailing them as
17052-559: The creation of the London Underground , the world's first urban rail network . The Metropolitan Board of Works oversaw infrastructure expansion in the capital and some surrounding counties; it was abolished in 1889 when the London County Council was created out of county areas surrounding the capital. From the early years of the 20th century onwards, teashops were found on High Streets across London and
17226-485: The daughter of Sean Connery 's and Kate Capshaw 's characters in the mystery thriller Just Cause (1995), and an art student in If Lucy Fell (1996). Johansson's first leading role was as Amanda, the younger sister of a pregnant teenager who runs away from her foster home in Manny & Lo (1996) alongside Aleksa Palladino and her brother, Hunter. Her performance received positive reviews: one written for
17400-484: The dispute was resolved with undisclosed terms, though Variety later reported Johansson received over $ 40 million and would continue working with Disney. Johansson returned to the screen with Wes Anderson's comedy Asteroid City (2023), in which she led an ensemble cast. It was her second film to premiere at the Cannes Film Festival after Match Point (2005). For her two months of work on
17574-512: The drama Girl with a Pearl Earring . In the former, directed by Sofia Coppola , she plays Charlotte, a listless and lonely young wife, opposite Bill Murray . Coppola had first noticed Johansson in Manny & Lo , and compared her to a young Lauren Bacall ; Coppola based the film's story on the relationship between Bacall and Humphrey Bogart in The Big Sleep (1946). Johansson found
17748-713: The driest is 1921, with a total fall of 12.1 inches (308 mm). The average annual precipitation amounts to about 600mm, which is half the annual rainfall of New York City . Despite relatively low annual precipitation, London receives 109.6 rainy days on the 1.0mm threshold annually. London is vulnerable to climate change , and there is concern among hydrological experts that households may run out of water before 2050. Temperature extremes in London range from 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) at Heathrow on 19 July 2022 down to −17.4 °C (0.7 °F) at Northolt on 13 December 1981. Records for atmospheric pressure have been kept at London since 1692. The highest pressure ever reported
17922-854: The end credits of the climate documentary Chasing Ice (2012) In February 2015, Johansson formed a band called the Singles with Este Haim from HAIM , Holly Miranda, Kendra Morris, and Julia Haltigan. The group's first single was called "Candy". Johansson was issued a cease and desist order from the lead singer of the Los Angeles-based rock band the Singles, demanding she stop using their name. In 2016, she performed " Trust in Me " for The Jungle Book soundtrack and "Set It All Free" and "I Don't Wanna" for Sing: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack . In 2018, Johansson collaborated with Pete Yorn again for an EP titled Apart , released June 1. Johansson
18096-474: The experience of working with a female director different because of Coppola's ability to empathize with her. Made on a budget of $ 4 million, the film grossed $ 119 million at the box office and received critical acclaim. Roger Ebert was pleased with the film and described the lead actors' performances as "wonderful", and Entertainment Weekly wrote of Johansson's "embracing, restful serenity". The New York Times praised Johansson, aged 17 at
18270-517: The film changed many things in her life, realizing that acting is the ability to manipulate one's emotions. On finding good roles as a teenager, Johansson said it was hard for her as adults wrote the scripts and they "portray kids like mall rats and not seriously ... Kids and teenagers just aren't being portrayed with any real depth." Johansson later appeared in My Brother the Pig (1999) and in
18444-485: The film were generally positive, describing it as "witty and charming". Ebert was impressed with Johansson's portrayal, writing that she "continues to employ the gravitational pull of quiet fascination". Johansson played Nola, an aspiring actress who begins an affair with a married man (played by Jonathan Rhys Meyers ) in Woody Allen 's drama Match Point in 2005. After replacing Kate Winslet with Johansson for
18618-431: The film, Johansson and Portman appeared on the cover of W , discussing with the magazine the public's reception of them. In Rolling Stone , Pete Travers criticized the film for "[moving] in frustrating herks and jerks", but thought that the duo were the only positive aspect of the production. Variety credited the cast as "almost flawless ... at the top of its game", citing "Johansson's quieter Mary ... as
18792-662: The film, she took a substantial pay cut, earning $ 4,131 a week. Describing her collaboration with Anderson, she said, "I like the sort of constraints of Wes' precision. I think in some ways, it's more liberating." Anthony Lane of The New Yorker praised Johansson's ability to add depth to her character and for skillfully portraying both reality and imagination with wit. In Kristin Scott Thomas 's directorial debut North Star , Johansson played one of three sisters reuniting for their mother's wedding. The Guardian 's Benjamin Lee
18966-609: The first Muslim mayor of a major Western capital. The mayor's statutory planning strategy is published as the London Plan , which was most recently revised in 2011. The local authorities are the councils of the 32 London boroughs and the City of London Corporation . They are responsible for most local services, such as local planning, schools, libraries, leisure and recreation, social services , local roads and refuse collection. Certain functions, such as waste management , are provided through joint arrangements. In 2009–2010
19140-577: The five friends—alongside Kate McKinnon , Jillian Bell , Ilana Glazer , and Zoë Kravitz —whose bachelorette party goes wrong after a male stripper dies. The film had a mixed critical reception and moderate box office returns. In 2018, Johansson voiced show dog Nutmeg in Wes Anderson 's stop-motion animated film Isle of Dogs , released in March, and reprised her MCU role as Black Widow in Avengers: Infinity War , which followed
19314-413: The grounds that its contents were annotated with information for further research; he was later inspired to start writing after reading books of poems by artists such as Frank O'Hara and Robert Frost . "When I was just starting, many people discouraged me, saying, ‘No, Rome, not in music; try something else.’ That stuck in my mind." Gomez in October 2019 Gomez's first performances were as part of
19488-631: The highest-grossing actress of all time in North America. Madame Tussauds New York museum unveiled a wax statue of her in 2015. Johansson has appeared in advertising campaigns for Calvin Klein , Dolce & Gabbana , L'Oréal , and Louis Vuitton and has represented the Spanish brand Mango since 2009. She was the first Hollywood celebrity to represent a champagne producer, appearing in advertisements for Moët & Chandon . In January 2014,
19662-869: The historic settlement in Greenwich where the Royal Observatory defines the prime meridian (0° longitude ) and Greenwich Mean Time . Other landmarks include Buckingham Palace , the London Eye , Piccadilly Circus , St Paul's Cathedral , Tower Bridge , and Trafalgar Square . The city has the most museums , art galleries, libraries, and cultural venues in the UK, including the British Museum , National Gallery , Natural History Museum , Tate Modern , British Library , and numerous West End theatres. Important sporting events held in London include
19836-404: The known developments over time of sounds in those different languages. It is agreed that the name came into these languages from Common Brythonic ; recent work tends to reconstruct the lost Celtic form of the name as * Londonjon or something similar. This was then adapted into Latin as Londinium and borrowed into Old English. Until 1889, the name "London" applied officially only to
20010-640: The location of its original headquarters in a road called Great Scotland Yard in Whitehall. The City of London has its own police force – the City of London Police . First worn by Met police officers in 1863, the custodian helmet has been called a "cultural icon" and a "symbol of British law enforcement". Introduced by the Met in 1929, the blue police telephone box (basis for the TARDIS in Doctor Who )
20184-409: The mayor's budget proposals each year. The GLA has responsibility for the majority of London's transport system through its functional arm Transport for London (TfL), it is responsible for overseeing the city's police and fire services, and also for setting a strategic vision for London on a range of issues. The headquarters of the GLA is City Hall , Newham. The mayor since 2016 has been Sadiq Khan ,
20358-465: The mixtape, and started afresh; he told the Line of Best Fit in December 2021 that he found the lockdown conducive, as previously he had been " ADD -ing all over the place" and unable to focus. In 2021, he, Charli XCX and the 1975 released "Spinning", which charted at No. 94 on the UK Singles Chart in March 2021; the following month, Forbes listed him on their Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia 2021 list, and
20532-572: The month after that, he and Chase Atlantic featured on Elio's "Hurts 2 Hate Somebody", which appeared on her remix album, "Elio and Friends: The Remixes". Later that year, Daniel and BJ Burton coproduced Rome's album It's All Smiles, which he named ironically due to its sad lyrics, and which he promoted with a zine comprising photographs taken by Gomez. In May 2023, Gomez featured on the Salute song "Run Away With You", which featured on their EP Shield . Later that month, he released "Brother", which
20706-675: The most diverse cities in the world. In 1951, the Festival of Britain was held on the South Bank . The Great Smog of 1952 led to the Clean Air Act 1956 , which ended the " pea soup fogs " for which London had been notorious, and had earned it the nickname the "Big Smoke". Starting mainly in the mid-1960s, London became a centre for worldwide youth culture , exemplified by the Swinging London sub-culture associated with
20880-468: The national government and parliament . London grew rapidly in the 19th century , becoming the world's largest city at the time . Since the 19th century, the name "London" has referred to the metropolis around the City of London, historically split between the counties of Middlesex , Essex , Surrey , Kent , and Hertfordshire , which since 1965 has largely comprised the administrative area of Greater London , governed by 33 local authorities and
21054-416: The need "to continuously share details of [her] everyday life." Johansson ranks highly in various beauty listings. Maxim included her in their Hot 100 list from 2006 to 2014. She has been named "Sexiest Woman Alive" twice by Esquire (2006 and 2013) and has been included in similar listings by Playboy (2007), Men's Health (2011), and FHM (since 2005). She was named GQ ' s Babe of
21228-556: The next month. Johansson was due to star in Rub & Tug , a biographical film in which she would have played Dante "Tex" Gill , a transgender man who operated a massage parlor and prostitution ring in the 1970s and 1980s. She dropped out of the project following backlash to the casting of a cisgender woman to play a transgender man. In 2019, Johansson once again reprised her role as Black Widow in Avengers: Endgame , which
21402-410: The novel, as she thought it was better to approach the story with a fresh start. Girl with a Pearl Earring received positive reviews and was profitable. In his review for The New Yorker , Anthony Lane thought that her presence kept the film "alive", writing, "She is often wordless and close to plain onscreen, but wait for the ardor with which she can summon a closeup and bloom under its gaze; this
21576-467: The old Roman city. By about 680 the city had become a major port again, but there is little evidence of large-scale production. From the 820s repeated Viking assaults brought decline. Three are recorded; those in 851 and 886 succeeded, while the last, in 994, was rebuffed. The Vikings applied Danelaw over much of eastern and northern England, its boundary running roughly from London to Chester as an area of political and geographical control imposed by
21750-489: The other actors. She also played the femme fatale Silken Floss in The Spirit , based on the newspaper comic strip of the same name by Will Eisner . It received poor reviews from critics, who deemed it melodramatic, unoriginal and sexist. Johansson's only role in 2009 was as Anna Marks, a yoga instructor, in the ensemble comedy-drama He's Just Not That into You (2009). The film was released to tepid reviews but
21924-487: The owner of an advertising agency. They became engaged the following September. The pair divided their time between New York City and Paris. She gave birth to their daughter, Rose, in 2014. Johansson and Dauriac married that October in Philipsburg, Montana . They separated in mid-2016. In March 2017, Johansson filed for divorce, saying their marriage was "irretrievably broken," despite Dauriac urging her to withdraw
22098-543: The pictures had been sent to her then-husband, Ryan Reynolds, three years prior to the incident. In 2014, Johansson won a lawsuit against French publisher JC Lattès over libelous statements about her relationships in the novel The First Thing We Look At by Grégoire Delacourt . She was awarded $ 3,400; she had sued for $ 68,000. Johansson has criticized the media for promoting an image that causes unhealthy diets and eating disorders among women. In an essay she wrote for The Huffington Post , she encouraged people to maintain
22272-490: The principal city of the Roman province of Britannia in 100. At its height in the 2nd century, Roman London had a population of about 60,000. With the early 5th-century collapse of Roman rule, the walled city of Londinium was effectively abandoned, although Roman civilisation continued around St Martin-in-the-Fields until about 450. From about 500, an Anglo-Saxon settlement known as Lundenwic developed slightly west of
22446-414: The project because of her love of cartoons, particularly The Ren & Stimpy Show . The film was her most commercially successful release that year. She would then reprise her role as Mindy in the video game adaptation of the film. She followed it with In Good Company , a comedy-drama in which she plays a young woman who complicates her father's life when she dates his much younger boss. Reviews of
22620-607: The pulpy period atmosphere as if it were oxygen". Also in 2006, Johansson starred in the short film When the Deal Goes Down to accompany Bob Dylan 's song "When the Deal Goes Down..." from the album Modern Times . Johansson had a supporting role of assistant and lover of Jackman's character, an aristocratic magician, in Christopher Nolan 's mystery thriller The Prestige (2006). Nolan thought Johansson possessed "ambiguity" and "a shielded quality". She
22794-466: The resources, and it was rapidly developing the dignity and the political self-consciousness appropriate to a national capital ." After winning the Battle of Hastings , William, Duke of Normandy was crowned King of England in newly completed Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066. William built the Tower of London , the first of many such in England rebuilt in stone in the south-eastern corner of
22968-641: The rest of Britain, with Lyons , who opened the first of their chain of teashops in Piccadilly in 1894, leading the way. The tearooms, such as the Criterion in Piccadilly, became a popular meeting place for women from the suffrage movement. The city was the target of many attacks during the suffragette bombing and arson campaign , between 1912 and 1914, which saw historic landmarks such as Westminster Abbey and St Paul's Cathedral bombed. London
23142-605: The role of Lisbeth Salander in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011) because the film's director David Fincher found her "too sexy" for the part. In 2016, as a comment on the delays of producing a stand-alone Black Widow movie, Johansson cautioned that she may not want to wear a "skin-tight catsuit" for much longer. Some media and fans call Johansson "ScarJo", a nickname she finds lazy, flippant, and insulting. She has no social media profiles, saying she does not see
23316-479: The role, Allen changed the character's nationality from British to American. An admirer of Allen's films, Johansson liked the idea of working with him, but felt nervous her first day on the set. The New York Times was impressed with the performances of Johansson and Rhys Meyers, and LaSalle, writing for the San Francisco Chronicle , stated that Johansson "is a powerhouse from the word go", with
23490-544: The role. After appearing in minor roles in Fall and Home Alone 3 (both in 1997), Johansson attracted wider attention for her performance in the film The Horse Whisperer (1998), co-starring director Robert Redford . Based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Nicholas Evans , the drama tells the story of a talented horse trainer, who is hired to help an injured teenager (Johansson) and her horse back to health. Johansson received an "introducing" credit on this film; it
23664-401: The royal treasury came to rest in the Tower . While the City of Westminster developed into a true governmental capital, its distinct neighbour, the City of London , remained England's largest city and principal commercial centre and flourished under its own unique administration, the Corporation of London . In 1100, its population was some 18,000; by 1300 it had grown to nearly 100,000. With
23838-488: The run, confronting her past. Johansson felt her role was complete, viewing it as a chance to showcase her character's independence and vulnerability, which she thought set her apart from other Avengers . Critics were generally favorable in their reviews of the film, mainly praising Johansson and Pugh's performances. The Hollywood Reporter 's David Rooney thought the film was "a stellar vehicle" for Johansson, and Pete Hammond of Deadline Hollywood found her "again
24012-509: The same name , took nine years to complete. For the role, she learned to drive a van and speak in an English accent. Johansson improvised conversations with non-professional actors on the street, who did not know they were being filmed. It was released to generally positive reviews, with particular praise for Johansson. Erin Whitney, writing for The Huffington Post , considered it to be her finest performance to that point, and noted that it
24186-434: The science fiction films Her (2013), Under the Skin (2013) and Lucy (2014). She received two simultaneous Academy Award nominations— Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress —for the respective roles of an actress going through a divorce in the drama Marriage Story (2019) and a single mother in Nazi Germany in the satire Jojo Rabbit (2019), becoming one of the few actors to achieve this feat. Labeled
24360-428: The sea. London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom . Many government departments, as well as the prime minister's residence at 10 Downing Street , are based close to the Palace of Westminster , particularly along Whitehall . There are 75 members of Parliament (MPs) from London; As of June 2024 , 59 are from the Labour Party , 9 are Conservatives , 6 are Liberal Democrats and one constituency
24534-490: The south bank of the Thames, where the now-underground River Effra flows into the Thames. Despite the evidence of scattered Brythonic settlements in the area, the first major settlement was founded by the Romans around 47 AD, about four years after their invasion of 43 AD. This only lasted until about 61 AD, when the Iceni tribe led by Queen Boudica stormed it and burnt it to the ground. The next planned incarnation of Londinium prospered, superseding Colchester as
24708-424: The start of 2018 to mid April 2018. Funding cuts to police in London are likely to have contributed to this, though other factors are involved. However, homicide figures fell in 2022 with 109 recorded for the year, and the murder rate in London is much lower than other major cities around the world. London, also known as Greater London , is one of nine regions of England and the top subdivision covering most of
24882-543: The suburb of San Francisco del Monte within Manila . His father was a former DJ and his mother a church singer, while his younger sister Gabriel performed under the name Aunt Robert and his older brother Zeon under the name U-Pistol, short for Ulzzang Pistol. He grew up listening to My Bloody Valentine and Slowdive , and later electronic artists such as Björk and Aphex Twin . Growing up, he became interested in visual art after taking pictures with his father's camera, and spent extended periods on Flickr and later Tumblr , on
25056-558: The supporting role of a young boy's mother who shelters a Jewish girl in Nazi Germany in Taika Waititi 's satire Jojo Rabbit . Waititi modeled the character on his own mother and cast Johansson to provide her a rare opportunity to perform comedy. The film received polarized reviews, but Stephanie Zacharek labeled her the "lustrous soul of the movie". Johansson received her first two Academy Award nominations, for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress for her performances in Marriage Story and Jojo Rabbit , respectively, becoming
25230-463: The theatres in the 1640s. The ban on theatre was lifted during the Restoration in 1660, and London's oldest operating theatre, Drury Lane , opened in 1663 in what is now the West End theatre district. By the end of the Tudor period in 1603, London was still compact. There was an assassination attempt on James I in Westminster, in the Gunpowder Plot of 5 November 1605. In 1637, the government of Charles I attempted to reform administration in
25404-422: The time of filming, for playing an older character. In Peter Webber 's Girl with a Pearl Earring , which is based on the novel of the same name by Tracy Chevalier , Johansson played Griet, a young 17th-century servant in the household of the Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer (played by Colin Firth ). Webber interviewed 150 actors before casting Johansson. Johansson found the character moving, but did not read
25578-486: The title character, who gains psychokinetic abilities when a nootropic drug is absorbed into her bloodstream. Besson discussed the role with several actresses, and cast Johansson based on her strong reaction to the script and her discipline. Critics generally praised the film's themes, visuals, and Johansson's performance; some found the plot nonsensical. IGN 's Jim Vejvoda attributed the film's success to her acting and Besson's style. The film grossed $ 458 million on
25752-399: The track " Summertime " for Unexpected Dreams – Songs from the Stars , a non-profit collection of songs recorded by Hollywood actors. She performed with the Jesus and Mary Chain for a Coachella reunion show in Indio, California , in April 2007. The following year, Johansson appeared as the leading lady in Justin Timberlake 's music video, for " What Goes Around... Comes Around ", which
25926-460: The twelfth performer to be nominated for two Oscars in the same year . She also received two BAFTA nominations for these films and a Golden Globe nomination for the former. After a one-year screen absence, Johansson reprised her role as Black Widow in her own solo prequel film in 2021, on which she also served as an executive producer. Also starring Florence Pugh , the film is set after Captain America: Civil War , with Johansson's character on
26100-479: The unique governmental status of the City . In the English Civil War , the majority of Londoners supported the Parliamentary cause. After an initial advance by the Royalists in 1642, culminating in the battles of Brentford and Turnham Green , London was surrounded by a defensive perimeter wall known as the Lines of Communication . The lines were built by up to 20,000 people, and were completed in under two months. The fortifications failed their only test when
26274-413: The world's busiest city airport system . The London Underground is the world's oldest rapid transit system. London's diverse cultures encompass over 300 languages. The 2023 population of Greater London of just under 10 million made it Europe's third-most populous city , accounting for 13.4% of the United Kingdom's population and over 16% of England's population. The Greater London Built-up Area
26448-406: The world's major financial centres . It hosts Europe's largest concentration of higher education institutions , some of which are the highest-ranked academic institutions in the world: Imperial College London in natural and applied sciences , the London School of Economics in social sciences , and the comprehensive University College London . It is the most visited city in Europe and has
26622-476: The world's three most influential global cities . In January 2015, Greater London's population was estimated to be 8.63 million, its highest since 1939. During the Brexit referendum in 2016, the UK as a whole decided to leave the European Union , but most London constituencies voted for remaining. However, Britain's exit from the EU in early 2020 only marginally weakened London's position as an international financial centre. The administration of London
26796-465: Was bombed by the Germans in the First World War , and during the Second World War , the Blitz and other bombings by the German Luftwaffe killed over 30,000 Londoners, destroying large tracts of housing and other buildings across the city. The tomb of the Unknown Warrior , an unidentified member of the British armed forces killed during the First World War, was buried in Westminster Abbey on 11 November 1920. The Cenotaph , located in Whitehall ,
26970-422: Was a box office success. Aspiring to appear on Broadway since childhood, Johansson made her debut in a 2010 revival of Arthur Miller 's drama A View from the Bridge . Set in the 1950s in an Italian American neighborhood in New York, it tells the tragic tale of Eddie ( Liev Schreiber ), who has an inappropriate love for his wife's orphaned niece, Catherine (Johansson). After initial reservations about playing
27144-420: Was attracted to her character's way of doing her job, employing her feminine wiles and not her physical appeal. The film was a critical and commercial success, grossing over $ 714 million worldwide. Critic Odie Henderson saw "a genuine emotional shorthand at work, especially from Johansson, who is excellent here". The role earned her a Saturn Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress. Johansson played
27318-518: Was born on November 22, 1984, in the Manhattan borough of New York City. Johansson's father, Karsten Olaf Johansson, is an architect originally from Copenhagen , Denmark. Through him, she is a granddaughter of Ejner Johansson , an art historian, screenwriter and film director, whose own father was Swedish. Her mother, New Yorker Melanie Sloan, has worked as a producer. She comes from a Jewish family who fled Poland and Russia , originally surnamed Schlamberg. She has an older sister named Vanessa, who
27492-493: Was critical of the film, but found Johansson "lovely as always", and LaSalle noted the freshness she brought to her part. She also appeared in Brian De Palma 's The Black Dahlia , a film noir shot in Los Angeles and Bulgaria. Johansson later said she was a fan of De Palma and had wanted to work with him on the film but thought that she was unsuitable for the part. Anne Billson of The Daily Telegraph likewise found her miscast. However, CNN said that she "takes to
27666-443: Was displeased by the film and Johansson's "awkward British accent". Founding the production company These Pictures, Johansson produced and starred in Fly Me to the Moon (2024), a romantic comedy set against the backdrop of the Space Race , opposite Channing Tatum . Critics considered the screwball chemistry between Johansson and Tatum to be film's highlight. She voiced Elita-1 in Transformers One , an animated prequel to
27840-510: Was fascinated with Nolan's directing methods and liked working with him. The film was a critical and box office success, recommended by the Los Angeles Times as "an adult, provocative piece of work". Some critics were skeptical of her performance: Billson again judged her miscast, and Dan Jolin of Empire criticized her English accent. Johansson's sole release of 2007 was the critically panned comedy-drama The Nanny Diaries alongside Chris Evans and Laura Linney , in which she played
28014-490: Was forced to opt out due to other obligations. Before she was cast, she dyed her hair red to convince Favreau that she was right for the part, and undertook stunt and strength training to prepare for the role. Johansson said the character resonated with her, and she admired the superhero's human traits. The film earned $ 623.9 million against its $ 200 million budget, and received generally positive reviews from critics, although reviewers criticized how her character
28188-402: Was her first fully nude role. Author Maureen Foster wrote, "How much depth, breadth, and range Johansson mines from her character's very limited allowance of emotional response is a testament to her acting prowess that is, as the film goes on, increasingly stunning." It earned Johansson a BIFA for Best Performance by an Actress in a British Independent Film nomination. Continuing her work in
28362-407: Was her seventh role. On Johansson's maturity, Redford described her as "13 going on 30". Todd McCarthy of Variety commented that Johansson "convincingly conveys the awkwardness of her age and the inner pain of a carefree girl suddenly laid low by horrible happenstance". For the film, she was nominated for the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Most Promising Actress. She believed that
28536-405: Was highlighted by critics. Claudia Puig of USA Today considered it to be one of her best performances. In 2013, Johansson voiced the character Samantha, a self-aware computer operating system , in Spike Jonze 's film Her , replacing Samantha Morton in the role. The film premiered at the 8th Rome International Film Festival , where Johansson won Best Actress; she was also nominated for
28710-557: Was inspired by " Plantasia " by Mort Garson and Rachel McKibbens ' "Letter From My Heart to My Brain", and in August 2023, he released "Deep Diving", a UK garage -inspired song also inspired by "Plantasia". On 8 September, he released the Kurisu-produced mixtape Blueboy Must Die , which had been delayed from 28 July 2023, and on 15 December 2023, he and Ocho the Bullet cowrote Josh Cullen 's "Get Right", which Gomez also coproduced. It's All Smiles received mixed reviews, and varying genre classifications, earning one out of five stars from
28884-563: Was nominated for an MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year . In May 2008, Johansson released her debut album Anywhere I Lay My Head , which consists of one original song and ten cover versions of Tom Waits songs, and features David Bowie and members from the Yeah Yeah Yeahs and Celebration . Reviews of the album were mixed. Spin was not particularly impressed with Johansson's singing. Some critics found it to be "surprisingly alluring", "a bravely eccentric selection", and "a brilliant album" with "ghostly magic". NME named
29058-437: Was once a common sight throughout London and regional cities in the UK. The British Transport Police are responsible for police services on National Rail , London Underground , Docklands Light Railway and Tramlink services. The Ministry of Defence Police is a special police force in London, which does not generally become involved with policing the general public. The UK's domestic counter-intelligence service ( MI5 )
29232-408: Was rated as one of the best films of 2013. She also won the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress at the 40th Saturn Awards in 2014 for her performance. Johansson was cast in Jonathan Glazer 's science fiction film Under the Skin (2013) as an extraterrestrial creature disguised as a human femme fatale who preys on men in Scotland. The project, an adaptation of Michel Faber 's novel of
29406-406: Was supervised by polymath Robert Hooke . In 1710, Christopher Wren 's masterpiece, St Paul's Cathedral , was completed, replacing its medieval predecessor that burned in the Great Fire of 1666. The dome of St Paul's dominated the London skyline for centuries, inspiring the artworks and writing of William Blake , with his 1789 poem " Holy Thursday " referring to 'the high dome of Pauls'. During
29580-482: Was the highest-grossing actor of 2016, with a total of $ 1.2 billion. IndieWire credited her for taking on risky roles, such as in Her and Under the Skin , instead of simply appearing in blockbuster after blockbuster. As of September 2019 , her films have grossed over $ 5.2 billion in North America and over $ 14.3 billion worldwide, making Johansson the third-highest-grossing box-office star of all time both domestically and worldwide as well as
29754-547: Was thirteen. She was particularly close to her maternal grandmother, Dorothy Sloan, a bookkeeper and schoolteacher. They often spent time together and Johansson considered Dorothy her best friend. Interested in a career in the spotlight from an early age, Johansson often put on song-and-dance routines for her family. She was particularly fond of musical theater and jazz hands . Johansson took lessons in tap dance , and states that her parents were supportive of her career choice. She has described her childhood as very ordinary. As
29928-458: Was unveiled on the same day, and is the focal point for the National Service of Remembrance held annually on Remembrance Sunday , the closest Sunday to 11 November. The 1948 Summer Olympics were held at the original Wembley Stadium , while London was still recovering from the war. From the 1940s, London became home to many immigrants, primarily from Commonwealth countries such as Jamaica, India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, making London one of
30102-414: Was working on Samantha's TV , a mixtape, which took its name from the character played by Scarlett Johansson in Her ; following the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines , he was trapped in the country, having visited with the intention of performing at that year's Wanderland Music and Arts Festival . After spending time at his parents' house, he moved to an apartment in Subic . While there, he aborted
30276-518: Was written. Tim Robey of The Daily Telegraph and Matt Goldberg thought that she had little to do but look attractive. In 2011, Johansson played the role of Kelly, a zookeeper in the family film We Bought a Zoo alongside Matt Damon . The film got mainly favorable reviews, and Anne Billson praised Johansson for bringing depth to a rather uninteresting character. Johansson earned a Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress: Drama nomination for her performance. Johansson learned some Russian from
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