Misplaced Pages

#470529

44-676: The Noord starts at the city of Dordrecht where the Beneden Merwede river forks into the Oude Maas and the Noord. It joins the Lek at the city of Ridderkerk and Kinderdijk , and the combined stream is thereafter known as the Nieuwe Maas . The distance is about nine kilometres. The direction of its water flow depends on the tides. The Noord River separates IJsselmonde island from

88-748: A brackish estuary. From that moment on it was called the Noord. When the flow of the Merwede was better distributed among its lower branches (due to artificial means), the Noord returned to its former state as a tidal freshwater river, but the name remained Noord. 51°51′04″N 4°39′28″E  /  51.85111°N 4.65778°E  / 51.85111; 4.65778 Dordrecht Dordrecht ( Dutch: [ˈdɔrdrɛxt] ), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, pronounced [dɔrt] ) or Dort ,

132-448: A couple of days before being allowed to sail on. This caused loss of time and caused products to become rotten. Another explanation is derived from Bommel is rommel, bij Tiel is niet viel en hoe dichter bij Dordt hoe rotter het wordt which is supposed to be said by farmers describing the bad quality of the land close to the rivers Maas and Waal , only suitable for harvesting reed . The Sliedrechtse Biesbosch, east of Dordrecht, and

176-426: A list of the festivals in the city Dordrecht: Dordrecht Festivals During Carnaval , Dordrecht is called Ooi- en Ramsgat (Ewe's and Ram's hole), and its inhabitants are Schapenkoppen (Sheepheads). This name originates from an old folk story. Import of meat or cattle was taxed in the 17th century. To avoid having to pay, two men dressed up a sheep they had bought outside the city walls, attempting to disguise it as

220-433: A man. The sheep was discovered because it bleated as the three men (two men and one sheep) passed through the city wall gate. There is a special monument of a man and his son trying to hold a sheep disguised as a man between them, that refers to this legend. The logo of Dordrecht's professional football club FC Dordrecht includes the head of a ram and its supporters are known to sing Wij zijn de Dordtse schapenkoppen (we are

264-544: A meeting of the States of Holland . During the meeting, the organization and financing of the rebellion against the Spanish occupation was discussed, Phillip II was unanimously denounced, and William of Orange was chosen as the rightful stadtholder and recognized as the official leader of the revolt. Orange, represented at the meeting by his assistant Philips of Marnix , was promised financial support of his struggle against

308-581: A new Dutch translation of the Bible, a catechism, and the censorship of books. The synod then called upon representatives of the Remonstrants to express their beliefs. The Remonstrants refused to accept the rules established by the synod and eventually were expelled from the church. The synod then studied the theology of the Remonstrants and declared that it was contrary to Scripture. The Canons of Dort were produced; they discussed in detail in five sections

352-668: A sugar refinery, e.g. the imposing Sugar Refinery Stokholm . Overall, the economic importance of Dordrecht began to wane in the 18th century, and Rotterdam became the main city in the region. From 1780 to 1787, Dordrecht was home to the Patriots faction which intended to remove the hereditary Stadtholder position held by the House of Orange-Nassau . The Netherlands was after all a republic de jure . Soon after, more cities followed and William V fled from Holland. But his brother-in-law, King Frederick William II of Prussia , came to

396-444: Is Hoe dichter bij Dordt, hoe rotter het wordt (the closer to Dordrecht, the more rotten it gets). The previous mayor Noorland added to that; maar ben je er eenmaal in, dan heb je het prima naar je zin (but once you're in it, you're perfectly content). The saying can probably be explained as follows; traffic used to go by water and whoever came close to Dordrecht was obliged, according to staple right , to display their merchandise for

440-602: Is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands , located in the province of South Holland . It is the province's fifth-largest city after Rotterdam , The Hague , Leiden , and Zoetermeer , with a population of 119,115. The municipality covers the entire Dordrecht Island, also often called Het Eiland van Dordt ("the Island of Dordt"), bordered by the rivers Oude Maas , Beneden Merwede , Nieuwe Merwede , Hollands Diep , and Dordtsche Kil . Dordrecht

484-472: Is a football stadium and home ground of the local team FC Dordrecht playing in the second national league. Dordts is a dialect of Dutch traditionally spoken by the working class of Dordrecht. It is categorized under the Hollandic accents but also has characteristics of Zeelandic and Brabantian . Typical features of Dordts are: Dirk IV of Holland Dirk IV (ca. 1020/1030 – 13 January 1049)

SECTION 10

#1732773012471

528-430: Is about the three brothers Van Beveren who each wanted to build a house and decided to make a bet on who would dare to place the most risqué statue on their façade. One of the brothers, Abraham van Beveren, placed a naked little boy on his façade. However, the house that supposedly won has an empty façade today because, according to the story, the statue was so risqué that it was removed. A well known saying about Dordrecht

572-481: Is divided into 27 districts, neighbourhoods and hamlets : In 2021, around 19,35% of the population of Dordrecht was of non-Western origin. Between 2005 and 2008, this number has not changed. The allochthonous population consists for a large part of young people while the indigenous population has started to age. Over six thousand Turks live in Dordrecht, many of whom are originally from Kayapınar . According to

616-547: Is not known, but at one time or another it stretched north to at least Rijnsburg and east to roughly Aalburg . Dirk IV continued the policy of his father Dirk III to enlarge his possessions, developing and colonizing the low-lying peat areas of Holland and Utrecht. As a result, he came into conflict with the bishop of Utrecht , other bishops and monasteries in the surrounding area. Because of this, Emperor Henry III personally led an expedition against him in 1046, forcing Dirk to return some areas he had occupied. Shortly after

660-679: Is the largest and most important city in the Drechtsteden and is also part of the Randstad , the main conurbation in the Netherlands. Dordrecht is the oldest city in Holland and has a rich history and culture. The name Dordrecht comes from Thuredriht (circa 1120), Thuredrecht (circa 1200). The name seems to mean 'thoroughfare'; a ship-canal or river through which ships were pulled by rope from one river to another, as here between

704-652: The Alblasserwaard mainland to the east. There are two connections between them: During the early Middle Ages the river was considered to be the continuation of the Merwede river (itself a distributary branch of the Rhine ) and was named accordingly. However, as a result of the St. Elizabeth's floods the Merwede found a new and shorter path to the sea (the current Hollands Diep ) and the stretch leading north changed into

748-648: The Eighty Years' War merchants from Dordrecht were involved in taking control and founding sugar cane plantations in the West Indies. At the end of the 17th century this led to a stable sugar refining industry in Dordrecht. This flourished in the 18th century, when Dordrecht had 16 sugar refineries, as opposed 120 in Amsterdam and 40 in Rotterdam. Dordrecht still has a few buildings purposely designed as

792-570: The Synod of Dordrecht . The synod attempted, and succeeded, to settle the theological differences of opinion between the central tenets of Calvinism , and a new school of thought within the Dutch Reformed Church known as Arminianism , named for its spiritual leader Jacobus Arminius . Arminius' followers were also commonly known as Remonstrants , after the 1610 Five Articles of Remonstrance which outlined their points of dissent from

836-712: The Watergeuzen , represented by William II de la Marck , gathered in Dordrecht to hold the Eerste Vrije Statenvergadering ("First Assembly of the Free States "), also known as the Unie van Dordrecht ("Union of Dordrecht"). This secret meeting, called by the city of Dordrecht, was a rebellious act since only King Philip II or his stadtholder , at that time the Duke of Alba , were allowed to call

880-749: The World Jazz dagen (World Jazz days) held annually in August or September, the Dancetour or Boulevard of Dance , which takes place on Kingsday , Big Rivers Festival , a film, music, poetry and theatre festival held in June, and the Cello festival, held every four years in the weekend of the Ascension . Rond Uit Dordrecht , Since 2013 they do organise a four-day bicycle festival early June. A website with

924-530: The 20th century. During the mobilization of August 1939, infantry and artillery were sent to Dordrecht to defend the island. When the Germans invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940, German paratroopers landed in Dordrecht. After fierce fighting they took the bridges Dordrecht-Moerdijk and Dordrecht-Zwijndrecht. Many buildings in Dordrecht were destroyed. Towards the end of the Second World War , during

SECTION 20

#1732773012471

968-708: The Dordtse Biesbosch, south of Dordrecht, together form the Hollandse Biesbosch which is a part of the national park the Biesbosch , one of the largest national parks in the Netherlands and one of the last freshwater tide areas in Europe. The Dordtse Biesbosch has several recreational areas that are used for walking , rowing and swimming . There are also several parks near the city, such as Merwepark and Wantijpark. The Riwal Hoogwerkers Stadion

1012-555: The Dordtse sheep heads) during matches. There is also a cookie called Schapenkop (sheep head) which is a speciality of Dordrecht. There are many more legends about Dordrecht. One of them is about Saint Sura, a young woman who planned on building an entire church with only three coins in her purse. She was murdered because of her supposed wealth. Another legend is about the house called de Onbeschaamde (the Unembarrassed). It

1056-470: The Dubbel and the Merwede. Earlier etymologists had assumed that the 'drecht' suffix came from Latin 'trajectum', a ford, but this was rejected in 1996. The Drecht is now supposed to have been derived from ' draeg ', which means to pull, tow or drag. Inhabitants of Dordrecht are Dordtenaren (singular: Dordtenaar ). Dordrecht is informally called Dordt by its inhabitants. In earlier centuries, Dordrecht

1100-501: The NTS policies. From about 1850 to 1876, the NTS gradually stopped its protection of Dutch shipping. The traditional (cane) sugar refining industry of Dordrecht would not survive the industrial revolution. However, in 1861 Dordrecht Sugar Factory became operational as second modern beet sugar factory of the Netherlands. Throughout the centuries, Dordrecht held a key position in the defense of Holland. It hosted an army division well into

1144-697: The Social Geographical Office of Dordrecht, the population consisted of the following ethnic groups in 2005 and 2008: Due to its long and important role in Dutch history, Dordrecht has a rich culture. The medieval city centre is home to over 950 monuments. The city also houses 7 historic churches and 6 museums in a relatively small area and hosts many festivals and events every year. The following museums are located in Dordrecht: Dordrecht hosts around 20 cultural and historical events and festivals each year. The city won

1188-594: The Spanish and at his own request, freedom of religion was declared in all of Holland. The gathering is regarded as the first important step towards the free and independent Dutch Republic . Other important gatherings such as the Union of Brussels (1577) and the Union of Utrecht (1579) paved the way for official independence of the Dutch Republic , declared in the Act of Abjuration in 1581. The Union of Dordrecht

1232-530: The aid of William V and on 18 September 1787, Dordrecht capitulated to Prussian troops. The Patriots were defeated and Willem V was restored in his position as Stadtholder. During the French period (1795–1813) Dordrecht continued to have a decent sea harbor and, for ocean-going ships, it was easier to reach than Rotterdam harbor. This changed in 1829, when the Voorne Canal was opened. Meanwhile, profits from

1276-543: The brink of civil war. The synod was attended by Gomarist Dutch delegates and also by delegates from Reformed churches in Germany, Switzerland, and England. Though it was originally intended that the synod would bring agreement on the doctrine of predestination among all the Reformed churches, in practice this Dutch synod was mainly concerned with problems facing the Dutch Reformed Church . The opening sessions dealt with

1320-626: The church's official doctrine. They were opposed by the Contra-Remonstrants, or the Gomarists, who were led by Dutch theologian Franciscus Gomarus . During the Twelve Years' Truce , this in essence purely theological conflict between different factions of the church had in practice spilled over into politics, dividing society along ideological lines, and threatening the existence of the young republic by repeatedly bringing it to

1364-555: The early 19th century, Dordrecht was a major center for shipbuilding. It was also a center of the Dutch timber market. As a smaller town, wages were lower than in Amsterdam and Rotterdam. It all made that many shipping lines that sailed to the East Indies for the Netherlands Trading Society (NTS) had their ships built in Dordrecht. Shipbuilders and shipping lines from Dordrecht profited disproportionally from

Noord (river) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1408-491: The emperor had left however, Dirk started to plunder the territories of the bishops of Utrecht and Liège and made alliances with Godfrey III, Duke of Lower Lorraine and the counts of Hainaut and Flanders . After this, in 1047, the emperor returned and occupied the stronghold at Rijnsburg, which was completely destroyed. During, the retreat however, the imperial army suffered severe losses, causing Dirk's allies to rise in open revolt as well in his support. On 13 January 1049 Dirk

1452-541: The errors of the Remonstrants that were rejected as well as the doctrines that were affirmed. The doctrines affirmed were that predestination is not conditional on belief; that Christ did not die for all; the total depravity of man; the irresistible grace of God; and the impossibility of falling from grace. These canons of Dort, along with the Belgic Confession and the Heidelberg Catechism, remain

1496-620: The second largest book market and the largest Christmas market in the Netherlands. Wantijfestival is an out-doors music festival that has been held annually in the second week of June since 1995. It takes place in the Wantij park and attracts around 35,000 people each year. Wantij park also hosts the Wantijconcerten (Wantij concerts) that are held every Monday night in July and August. Other popular music festivals held in Dordrecht are

1540-534: The theological basis of the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands. Following the synod, two hundred Remonstrant ministers were deposed from their office, of which eighty were banished. The political leaders of the Remonstrant movement were arrested and one of them beheaded on May 14, 1619. It was only after the death of Prince Maurice in 1625 that the persecution of the Remonstrants ceased. During

1584-644: The title of "Best events city of the year" in 2003 and was nominated for the same title in 2004 and 2005. Dordt in Stoom (literally: Dordt in steam) is the biggest steam event in Europe during which historical steam trains, steam boats etc. can be seen in action. It is organized every other year and attracts a quarter of a million visitors. Attention is also paid to Dordrecht's art and architecture during Kunstrondje Dordt (literally: Little art circle Dordt) and Dordt Monumenteel (Dordt Monumental), which attracts around 100,000 visitors every year. Dordrecht hosts

1628-670: The trade with the Dutch East Indies probably obscured the fact that Dordrecht was losing the maritime competition with Rotterdam. The end of Dordrecht as a first rate sea harbor came about when the Nieuwe Waterweg became fully usable in 1883. Compared to Dordrecht, Rotterdam sent about four times as much cargo up the Rhine to Germany in 1875. In 1895 this was 30 times as much and in 1910 about 200 times. In absolute numbers cargo from Dordrecht declined by more than 50%. In

1672-577: The winter of 1944–45, Dordrecht and its surroundings were in the middle between the opposing armies. The border between occupied and liberated regions ran along the Hollands Diep . Dordrecht was finally liberated by the Canadian Army. In 1970, the municipality Dubbeldam (then ca. 10,000 inhabitants) and the southern part of the municipality of Sliedrecht were incorporated into Dordrecht, making Dordrecht Island one municipality. Dordrecht

1716-510: Was Count of Holland from 1039 to 1049 (which was called Frisia at that time). Dirk's date of birth is unknown but it was probably ca. 1030 or shortly before, he was described as "adolescent" at the time of his death. His base of operations was the stronghold his father built at Vlaardingen . Contemporary chroniclers referred to him (in Latin) as " Theodericus de Phlardirtinga " (Vlaardingen) and as margrave thereof. The exact extent of his domain

1760-469: Was a major trading port and was called Dort in English. The city was formed along the Thure river , in the midst of peat marshes. This river was a branch of the river Dubbel, which is part of the massive Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta complex, near the current Bagijnhof . Around 1120 reference to Dordrecht was made by a remark that count Dirk IV of Holland was murdered in 1049 near " Thuredrech ". Dordrecht

1804-606: Was commonly said that over 10,000 people died in the flood, but recent research indicates that it was probably fewer than 200 people. On 29 June 1457, the city was devastated by a fire which started in Kleine Spuistraat, destroying many buildings, including the Grote Kerk. In 1572, four years into the Dutch Revolt , representatives of all the cities of Holland, with the exception of Amsterdam , as well as

Noord (river) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1848-504: Was granted city rights by William I, Count of Holland , in 1220, making it the oldest city in the present province of South Holland . In fact, Geertruidenberg was the first city in the historical county of Holland to receive city rights, but this municipality currently is part of the province of North Brabant . In the 12th and 13th centuries, Dordrecht developed into an important market city because of its strategic location. It traded primarily in wine , wood and cereals . Dordrecht

1892-482: Was held in an Augustinian monastery, nowadays simply called het Hof ("the Court"). The room in which the meeting was held is called de Statenzaal ("The Hall of States") and features a stained glass window in which the coats of arms of the twelve cities that were present at the meeting can be seen. From 13 November 1618 to 9 May 1619, an important Dutch Reformed Church assembly took place in Dordrecht, referred to as

1936-576: Was made even more important when it was given staple right in 1299. In 1253 a Latin school was founded in Dordrecht. It still exists today as the Johan de Witt Gymnasium  [ nl ] and is the oldest gymnasium in the Netherlands. From 1600 to 1615 Gerhard Johann Vossius was rector at this school. On 18–19 November 1421, the Saint Elisabeth's flood flooded large parts of southern Holland, causing Dordrecht to become an island. It

#470529