The Norian is a division of the Triassic Period . It has the rank of an age ( geochronology ) or stage ( chronostratigraphy ). It lasted from ~227 to 208.5 million years ago . It was preceded by the Carnian and succeeded by the Rhaetian .
16-555: The Norian was named after the Noric Alps in Austria . The stage was introduced into scientific literature by Austrian geologist Edmund Mojsisovics von Mojsvar in 1869. The Norian Stage begins at the base of the ammonite biozones of Klamathites macrolobatus and Stikinoceras kerri , and at the base of the conodont biozones of Metapolygnathus communisti and Metapolygnathus primitius . A global reference profile for
32-614: Is 1,413.9 km (545.9 sq mi). The name Gail developed from Old High German Gîla , in turn from the form *Gīla (which was also the source of the Slovene name Zilja ). It is likely that the name is of substrate origin, predating the Roman presence in the area. The name is believed to derive from the pre-Romance word *gai̯li̯a (from the Indo-European root *gʰoi̯lo- ), meaning 'foaming (water), powerful'. The river
48-663: Is Mt. Eisenhut in Styria, which, at 2,441 m (8,009 ft), is only modest in the context of the Eastern Alps, where many mountains rise above 3,000 m (10,000 ft). Other notable peaks in the range are Rosennock (2,440 m (8,010 ft)), Zirbitzkogel (2,396 m (7,861 ft)) and Großer Speikkogel (2,140 m (7,020 ft)). In the south the Noric Alps comprise the Klagenfurt Basin with
64-585: Is a collective term denoting various mountain ranges of the Eastern Alps . The name derives from the ancient Noricum province of the Roman Empire on the territory of present-day Austria and the adjacent Bavarian and Slovenian area. Referring to extinct Noricum , the designation originally comprised the Alpine mountain ranges in the medieval Bavarian stem duchy of East Francia , including
80-663: Is documented as Gila in a 1090 deed. The Slovene name Zilja is also commonly cited because the lower Gail Valley is a traditional settlement area of the Carinthian Slovenes and a language region of the distinct Gail Valley dialect . The river source is located east of the Kartitsch Saddle and the Puster Valley in the Tyrolean municipality of Obertilliach . It flows from west to east through
96-664: The Alpine Club classification , the Noric Alps are divided into separated by the Neumarkt Pass. The Noric Alps roughly correspond to the Carinthian-Styrian Alps according to the recent unofficial SOIUSA classification. Gail (river) Gail ( Slovene : Zilja , Italian : Zeglia ) is the name of a river in southern Austria , the largest right tributary of the Drava . Its drainage basin
112-933: The Nockalmstraße scenic road, is a protected landscape according to IUCN V category. The Norian Age in the Triassic Period of geological time is named for the Noric Alps The Italian Partizione delle Alpi classification of 1926 referred to the Alpi Noriche as the mountain chain from the Mur in the East up to the Brenner Pass in the West, including High and Low Tauern as well as Tux and Zillertal Alps . According to
128-771: The Southern Limestone Alps , between the Gailtal Alps in the north and the Carnic Alps in the south. The river reaches the state of Carinthia in Lesachtal and from Kötschach-Mauthen runs down the broader Gail Valley ( German : Gailtal ) with its steep slopes, parallel to the borders with Italy and Slovenia . Beyond its confluence with the Slizza ( Gailitz ) tributary in Arnoldstein ,
144-555: The Gail joins the Drava River beneath the western Karawanks mountain range near the village of Maria Gail, part of the city of Villach . Following the 1348 Friuli earthquake , the river's course near Villach was buried by a major landslide, causing extensive flooding. The rockslide region ( Schütt ) along a length of 10 km (6.2 mi) is still discernible on the steep slopes of Mt. Dobratsch north of Arnoldstein . While
160-583: The Norian Stage contains six ammonite biozones: The Norian is divided into three global subages or substages: Many older studies considered the Rhaetian to be the uppermost substage of the Norian, though it has subsequently been raised to its own stage. The Revueltian land-vertebrate faunachron corresponds to part of the Norian. Noric Alps The Noric Alps ( German : Norische Alpen )
176-563: The base (a GSSP ) had in 2009 not yet been appointed. The top of the Norian (the base of the Rhaetian) is at the first appearance of ammonite species Cochloceras amoenum . The base of the Rheatian is also close to the first appearance of conodont species Misikella spp. and Epigondolella mosheri and the radiolarid species Proparvicingula moniliformis . In the Tethys domain ,
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#1732765057804192-595: The historic centres of Zollfeld and Magdalensberg . The mountainside is characterised by transhumance ( Alm ) agriculture and was also a mining area, still for magnesite in the area of Radenthein . Today the region largely depends on tourism , in winter around the ski aras of Bad Kleinkirchheim , Krems , at Katschberg , Turracher Höhe and Klippitztörl , in summer around several picturesque Carinthian lakes like Wörthersee , Lake Millstatt or Lake Ossiach . The Nock Mountain National Park , accessible via
208-689: The later Tyrol , Salzburg and Upper Austrian regions. In the 19th century, the German term Norische Alpen covered the whole group of ranges of the Central Eastern and Northern Limestone Alps east of the Dreiherrnspitze peak. The Noric Alps were considered the major northern range of the Eastern Alps, alongside the Carnic Alps (i.e. the Carnic Alps proper, Gailtal Alps , Karawanks , Kamnik–Savinja Alps , and Pohorje ) in
224-660: The south and the Julian Alps in the southeast. Later the meaning was confined to the ranges south of the Alpine divide between the Mur and Drava rivers In the traditional context, the Noric Alps are located mostly in Austria — 98% of the region is Austrian, mainly in the southern states of Carinthia and Styria —, with a small area in the adjacent Lower Styria region of Slovenia . The area covers 9,811 km (3,788 sq mi) and stretches 97 km (60 mi) from
240-910: The upper Mur River in the North to the Drava in the South and 176 km (109 mi) from the Katschberg Pass in the West to the Mur River in the East. The Noric Alps are surrounded by the Hohe Tauern range in the West and the Low Tauern in the North, in the South they border on the Gailtal Alps, the Karavanke and Pohorje ranges of the Southern Limestone Alps . The highest point
256-401: The upper river course is largely preserved in its natural condition, a habitat for shorebirds like the common sandpiper , the white-throated dipper and the grey wagtail , large parts of the lower Gail have been gradually regulated since the 1870s. In recent times, some sections have been renaturated. Today the trout zone reaches up to Hermagor with 17 species, among them common barbel ,
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