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100-472: NCA provides emergency assistance in disasters and works for long-term development in local communities. In order to address the root causes of poverty, NCA advocates for just decisions by public authorities, business and religious leaders. Norwegian Church Aid is an ecumenical organisation for global justice. Its projects are carried out with no intention of influencing people's religious affiliation. To ensure efficiency and create results, Norwegian Church Aid

200-713: A defamation lawsuit in the UK against The Sun 's publishers over a 2018 article that alleged he was a "wife beater". In December 2018, Heard published an op-ed in The Washington Post , stating that she had spoken up against sexual violence and become a public figure representing domestic abuse. Although she did not explicitly name Depp in the op-ed, he filed a defamation lawsuit against her in Virginia. Depp lost his lawsuit in London's High Court of Justice , after

300-399: A social movement and awareness campaign against sexual abuse , sexual harassment and rape culture , in which women publicize their experiences of sexual abuse or sexual harassment. The phrase "Me Too" was initially used in this context on social media in 2006, on Myspace , by sexual assault survivor and activist Tarana Burke . The hashtag #MeToo was used starting in 2017 as

400-509: A $ 380,000 nondisclosure settlement with Bennett in the months following her revelations regarding Weinstein, has denied the allegations. Rose McGowan initially expressed support for Argento and implored others to show restraint, tweeting, "None of us know the truth of the situation and I'm sure more will be revealed. Be gentle." As a vocal advocate of the MeToo movement, McGowan faced criticism on social media for her comments, which conflicted with

500-420: A December 2018 Bloomberg News article on this topic interviewed more than thirty senior Wall Street executives and found that many are now more cautious about mentoring up and coming female executives because of the perceived risks involved. One said, "If men avoid working or traveling with women alone, or stop mentoring women for fear of being accused of sexual harassment, those men are going to back out of

600-468: A Nobel diploma, medal and document confirming the Nobel Prize amount. In the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize award presentation speech, committee chair Berit Reiss-Andersen reiterated the committee's decision to award Mukwege and Murad for their respective efforts to address the war crimes of sexual violence , commending them to the "long tradition of champions of human dignity" also celebrated on this date,

700-482: A condition of employment. Gender analysts such as Anna North have stated that #MeToo should be addressed as a labor issue due to the economic disadvantages to reporting harassment. North suggested combating underlying power imbalances in some workplaces, for example by raising the tipped minimum wage, and embracing innovations like the "portable panic buttons " mandated for hotel employees in Seattle . In Hong Kong,

800-563: A counterclaim that Depp's former lawyer had defamed her. During and after the trial, Depp received support from a large number of female celebrities, including Jennifer Aniston , Emma Roberts , Rita Ora , Cat Power , Patti Smith , Paris Hilton , Zoe Saldana , Kelly Osbourne , Vanessa Hudgens , Naomi Campbell , Liv Tyler , Juliette Lewis and Ashley Benson . His former partners Winona Ryder , Kate Moss and Vanessa Paradis provided testimony or statements during legal proceedings that Depp had never been violent or abusive to them. In

900-404: A culture that encourages employees to be open about serious problems; imposing financial penalties for companies that allow workers to remain in their position when they have repeatedly sexually harassed others; and forcing companies to pay huge fines or lose tax breaks if they decide to retain workers who are sexual harassers. In the coverage of #MeToo, there has been widespread discussion about

1000-505: A group of male and female Parliamentary researchers, and contained a list of allegations against nearly 40 Conservative MPs in the British Parliament . It is also rumored that party whips (who are in charge of getting members of Parliament to commit to votes) maintain a "black book" that contains allegations against several lawmakers that can be used for blackmail . When it is claimed a well-known person's sexual misconduct

1100-513: A judge determined that 12 of the 14 alleged incidents of domestic violence had occurred and that Heard's allegations of abuse were "substantially true". In the Virginia trial, Depp's lawyers sought to disprove Heard's allegations before a jury, claiming that she, and not her ex-husband, had been the abuser in the relationship. The Virginia trial was livestreamed, generating enormous public interest. Social media platforms featured substantial support for Depp and criticism of Heard, with videos carrying

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1200-418: A lot more power and possibility than there is in men stepping aside and starting to stew." In August 2018, The New York Times detailed allegations that leading #MeToo figure Asia Argento sexually assaulted actor Jimmy Bennett . The sexual assault allegedly took place in a California hotel room in 2013 when he was only two months past his 17th birthday and she was 37; the age of consent in that state

1300-486: A man has been touching women inappropriately for decades, why would a woman want to work for him if the only reason he's not touching them inappropriately now is that it says in his contract that he must behave 'professionally'?" The 2019 rerelease of Toy Story 2 had a blooper scene during the credits removed due to sexual misconduct concerns. Story board artists and animators at Nickelodeon and Cartoon Brew also went public with sexual harassment stories, resulting in

1400-519: A number of sexual harassment claims. The results from the investigation were compiled in a 97-page report, which included testimony from victims enduring Ayala's harassment for 15 years. His removal promptly sparked the removal of Professor Ron Carlson in August 2018, who had led the creative writing program at UC Irvine. He resigned after substantiated reports of sexual misconduct with an underage student were unearthed. UC Irvine upon learning about

1500-410: A reply to this tweet.", and reposted the following phrase suggested by Charlotte Clymer : "If all the women who have been sexually harassed or assaulted wrote 'Me too.' as a status, we might give people a sense of the magnitude of the problem." She encouraged spreading the phrase "Me Too" to attempt to draw attention to sexual assault and harassment. The next day, October 16, 2017, Milano wrote: "I

1600-442: A result, The Presidents Club was shut down. In March 2018, Morgan Stanley broker, Douglas E. Greenberg, was put on administrative leave after a New York Times story outlined harassment allegations by four women, including multiple arrests for the violation of restraining orders, and a threat to burn down an ex-girlfriend's house. It has been called the #MeToo moment of Portland's financial service industry. The authors of

1700-435: A sexual harassment complaint and right into a sex discrimination complaint." The phrase "Me too" was tweeted by Milano on October 15, 2017, and had been used more than 200,000 times by the end of the day. It was also tweeted more than 500,000 times by October 16 and the hashtag was used by more than 4.7 million people in 12 million posts during the first 24 hours on Facebook . The platform reported 45% of users in

1800-436: A significantly smaller percentage of women having experienced sexual coercion or unwanted sexual attention at the office in 2018 in comparison to 2016, but with a sharp rise in subtler forms of behaviors that do not rise to the level of illegal sexual harassment, such as jokes about what is still allowed or telling inappropriate stories, which may have come as a backlash to the #MeToo movement. The article notes that in response to

1900-509: A single parent. Burke, who is creating a documentary titled Me Too , has said she was inspired to use the phrase after being unable to respond to a 13-year-old girl who confided to her that she had been sexually assaulted. Burke said she later wished she had simply told the girl: "Me too". In 2015, The New York Times reported that Weinstein was questioned by police "after a 22-year-old woman accused him of touching her inappropriately." The woman, Italian model Ambra Gutierrez , cooperated with

2000-676: A social activist and community organizer, began using the phrase "Me Too" in 2006, on the Myspace social network to promote "empowerment through empathy" among women of color who have been sexually abused. She was born in Bronx, NY on September 12, 1973. Growing up, she lived in poverty in a low-income family. She was raped and sexually assaulted, both as a child and a teenager. Her mother encouraged her to help others who had been through what she been through. She moved to Selma, Alabama, where she gave birth to her daughter, Kaia Burke, and raised her as

2100-507: A statement on the verdict, Heard stated: "It sets back the clock to a time when a woman who spoke up and spoke out could be publicly shamed and humiliated. It sets back the idea that violence against women is to be taken seriously." Some domestic violence experts suggested that the extensive online ridicule Heard had experienced during the trial would deter women from reporting abuse. Various opinion pieces from major news outlets were written either in support of Heard or against her, as well as on

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2200-468: A way to draw attention to the magnitude of the problem. "Me Too" is meant to empower those who have been sexually assaulted through empathy, solidarity and strength in numbers, by visibly demonstrating how many have experienced sexual assault and harassment, especially in the workplace. Following the exposure of numerous sexual-abuse allegations against film producer Harvey Weinstein in October 2017,

2300-427: Is 18. Bennett said when Argento came out against Harvey Weinstein, it stirred memories of his own experience. He imparted he had sought to resolve the matter privately, and had not spoken out sooner, "because I was ashamed and afraid to be part of the public narrative." In a statement provided to The Times , he said: "I was underage when the event took place, and I tried to seek justice in a way that made sense to me at

2400-610: Is a grave violation of international law.  A more peaceful world can only be achieved if women and their fundamental rights and security are recognised and protected in war." Mukwege is the first Congolese and Murad the seventeenth woman and first Iraqi to receive the Nobel Peace Prize . Each delivered a Nobel lecture on December 10 at Oslo City Hall as part of the Nobel Peace Prize Award ceremony, which took place among main events scheduled during

2500-662: Is a member of the ACT Alliance , one of the world's largest humanitarian alliances. The alliance consists of church-based organisations throughout the world and cooperates with organisations across religious faiths. Norwegian Church Aid works in three ways: The organisation works in over 30 countries in Africa, Asia and Central and Latin America. In 2018 the Norwegian Church Aid and five other key NGOs organise

2600-589: Is common both in person and online. MeTooK12 is a spin-off of #MeToo created in January 2018 by the group Stop Sexual Assault in Schools , founded by Joel Levin and Esther Warkov , aimed at stopping sexual abuse in education from kindergarten to high school. #MeTooK12 was inspired in part by the removal of certain federal Title IX sexual misconduct guidelines. There is evidence that sexual misconduct in K–12 education

2700-407: Is criminal, what behavior is legal but intolerable in a workplace, and what private intimate behavior is worthy of condemnation" but not part of the workplace discussion. She says "preserving the nuances" is more inclusive and realistic. Professor Daniel Drezner stated that #MeToo laid the groundwork for two major cultural shifts. One is the acceptance that sexual harassment (not just sexual assault)

2800-417: Is dramatically underreported by both schools and students, because nearly 80% of public schools never report any incidents of harassment. A 2011 survey found 40% of boys and 56% of girls in grades 7–12 reported had experienced negative sexual comments or sexual harassment in their lives. Approximately 5% of K–12 sexual misconduct reports involved five- or six-year-old students. #MeTooK12 is meant to demonstrate

2900-528: Is to encourage young people to take an interest in global issues and speak out against injustice. Changemaker's offices are housed within NCA's headquarters in Oslo. 2018 Nobel Peace Prize#Torchlight parade The 2018 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Denis Mukwege (b. 1955) and Nadia Murad (b. 1993) "for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict ," according to

3000-409: Is to maintain industry hotlines which have the power to trigger third-party investigations. Several apps have been developed which offer various ways to report sexual misconduct, and some can connect victims who have reported the same person. In a 2021 study about the #MeToo movement on YouTube and understanding the different perspectives, there are responses and reactions by people to videos based on

3100-504: Is unacceptable in the workplace. The other is that when a powerful person is accused of sexual harassment, the reaction should be a presumption that the less powerful accuser is "likely telling the truth, because the risks of going public are great". However, he states society is struggling with the speed at which change is being demanded. Although #MeToo initially focused on adults, the message spread to students in K–12 schools where sexual abuse

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3200-669: The Directors Guild of America , Maria Giese realized that the "virtual absence of women directors in Hollywood was tantamount to the censoring and silencing of female voices in US media—America's most influential global export." She took her findings to the ACLU of Southern California, which prompted an official investigation into Hollywood's job discrimination. Shortly after, The New York Times published its 2017 article "that triggered

3300-603: The First Congo War , suffering "that shames our common humanity". With hundreds of thousands raped, 4 million internally displaced and 6 million killed, he said, "only the fight against impunity can break the spiral of violence." The traditional torchlight parade in honour of the Nobel laureates on 10 December 2018 was organised by the Norwegian Peace Council in cooperation with five NGOs who work in

3400-730: The New York City Police Department (NYPD) to obtain an audio recording where Weinstein admitted to having inappropriately touched her. As the police investigation progressed and became public, tabloids published negative stories about Gutierrez that portrayed her as an opportunist. American Media , publisher of the National Enquirer , allegedly agreed to help suppress the allegations by Gutierrez and Rose McGowan. Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus Vance Jr. decided not to file charges against Weinstein, citing insufficient evidence of criminal intent, against

3500-583: The Norwegian Nobel Committee announcement on 5 October 2018 in Oslo, Norway. "Both laureates have made a crucial contribution to focusing attention on, and combating, such war crimes," according to the award citation. After reading the citation, Committee Chair Berit Reiss-Andersen told reporters that the impact of this year's award is to highlight sexual abuse with the goal that every level of governance take responsibility to end such crimes and impunities . The citation also highlighted

3600-473: The hashtag #JusticeForJohnnyDepp attaining over 18 billion views on TikTok by the trial's conclusion. A consensus view emerged online that Heard was lying, and her testimony was widely ridiculed. Ruling that her op-ed had defamed Depp with actual malice , the jury awarded him $ 10 million in compensatory damages and $ 5 million in punitive damages (the latter reduced to $ 350,000 under Virginia state law) while awarding Heard $ 2 million in compensatory damages for

3700-416: The music industry , sciences, academia, and politics. In August 2021, The Washington Post analyzed the impact of #MeToo on changing behavior. The article states there was a surge of reports of sexual assault in the twelve months preceding October 2018, but that many of the claims related to people coming forward regarding past incidents. The article shows a mixed picture regarding changing behavior with

3800-502: The "magnitude of the problem" and that "it's a standing in solidarity to all those who have been hurt." She stated that the success of #MeToo will require men to take a stand against behavior that objectifies women. Burke has stated the current purpose of the movement is to give people the resources to have access to healing, and to advocate for changes to laws and policies. Burke has highlighted goals such as processing all untested rape kits , re-examining local school policies, improving

3900-479: The #MeToo movement, 19 states have enacted new sexual harassment protections for victims and more than 200 bills were introduced in state legislatures to deter harassment. Feminist author Gloria Feldt stated in Time that many employers are being forced to make changes in response to #MeToo, for example examining gender-based pay differences and improving sexual harassment policies. In 2024, some journalists compared

4000-446: The #MeToo movement. In the wake of #MeToo, many countries, such as the U.S., India, France, China, Japan, Italy, and Israel, have seen discussion in the media on whether cultural norms need to be changed for sexual harassment to be eradicated. John Launer of Health Education England stated leaders must be made aware of common "mismatches of perceptions" at work to reduce incidents where one person thinks they are flirting while

4100-673: The CEO, have been investigated for incidents dating back over a decade." The article concerned allegations against then-Humane Society of the United States CEO Wayne Pacelle and animal protection activist Paul Shapiro. Mr. Pacelle soon resigned. Mr. Shapiro also soon left the Humane Society of the United States. Both men have nonetheless continued to hold leadership positions either in, or adjacent to,

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4200-740: The December 9–11 "Nobel days in Oslo". Denis Mukwege is a gynecologist specializing in the treatment of women victimized by sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , and Nadia Murad is a Yazidi human rights advocate who survived sexual slavery by the Islamic State in Iraq and published a memoir of the ordeal. "Each of them in their own way has helped to give greater visibility to war-time sexual violence, so that

4300-564: The MIT Media Lab Disobedience Award with Tarana Burke and Sherry Marts for her work on Me Too in STEM. There has been pressure on companies, specifically in the financial industry, to disclose diversity statistics. It has been noted that, although the financial industry is known to have a wide prevalence of sexual harassment, as of January 2018, there were no high-profile financial executives stepping down as

4400-520: The MeToo movement", exposing Harvey Weinstein of sexual harassment and assault. "'It was explosive,' says Giese, 'and suddenly our industry was throwing millions of dollars into the creation of new inside-industry enforcement organinzations like Time's Up , The Hollywood Commission, ReFrame and many others.'" In February 2019 actress Emma Thompson wrote a letter to the American production company Skydance Media , to explain that she had pulled out of

4500-567: The Mediterranean region and Libya; Oby Ezekwesili and the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative for championing anti-corruption and transparency in the link between armed conflict and extractive natural resource governance; and Reporters Without Borders for highlighting injustices against journalists reporting on conflicts and atrocities. Me Too movement #MeToo was

4600-459: The United States had a friend who had posted using the term. Tens of thousands of people, including hundreds of celebrities, replied with #MeToo stories. Some men, such as actors Terry Crews and James Van Der Beek , have responded to the hashtag with their own experiences of harassment and abuse. Others have responded by acknowledging past behaviors against women, spawning the hashtag #HowIWillChange. Filmmaker, feminist activist and member of

4700-587: The Yazidi Organization for Documentation said "this win represents the international recognition of the genocide that was committed by Daesh ," referring to the Sinjar massacre in August 2014. Among various remarks from the United Nations, UN Secretary-General António Guterres said: "By honouring these defenders of human dignity, this prize also recognizes countless victims around

4800-471: The advice of local police who considered the evidence sufficient. The New York district attorney's office and the NYPD blamed each other for failing to bring charges. Following widespread exposure of accusations of predatory behavior by Harvey Weinstein , and her own blog post on the subject, on October 15, 2017, actress Alyssa Milano wrote: "If you've been sexually harassed or assaulted write 'me too' as

4900-405: The animal protection movement. In November 2017, the hashtag #ChurchToo was started by Emily Joy and Hannah Paasch on Twitter and began trending in response to #MeToo as a way to try to highlight and stop sexual abuse that happens in a church. In early January 2018, about a hundred evangelical women also launched #SilenceIsNotSpiritual to call for changes to how sexual misconduct is dealt within

5000-938: The anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights . In her Nobel lecture, Nadia Murad described the plight of the Yazidi community from her own experience and yet her "hope that today marks the beginning of a new era ... to define a new roadmap to protect women, children and minorities from persecution, in particular victims of sexual violence," calling on the international community to "unite to fight injustice and oppression" and "raise our voices together" to say "no to violence, yes to peace, no to slavery, yes to freedom, no to racial discrimination, yes to equality and to human rights for all." In his Nobel lecture, Dennis Mukwege recounted unspeakably horrific suffering of especially babies, girls and women he has treated at Panzi Hospital for mass rape and mutilation since

5100-501: The announcement, with Human Rights Watch executive director Kenneth Roth calling it a "long awaited Nobel recognition", Secretary General of the Norwegian Refugee Council Jan Egeland calling it "the best Nobel Prize in a long time", and the government of Iraq expressing "deepest respect" for Murad. The only Yazidi in Iraq's Parliament, Vian Dakhil wrote in a statement that Murad "proved to

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5200-465: The best ways to stop sexual harassment and abuse—for those currently being victimized at work, as well as those who are seeking justice for past abuse and trying to find ways to end what they see as a widespread culture of abuse. There is general agreement that a lack of effective reporting options is a major factor that drives unchecked sexual misconduct in the workplace. False reports of sexual assault are very rare, but when they happen, they are put in

5300-585: The church. #ChurchToo started spreading again virally later in January 2018 in response to a live-streamed video admission by Pastor Andy Savage to his church that he sexually assaulted a 17-year-old girl twenty years before as a youth pastor while driving her home, but then received applause by his church for admitting to the incident and asking for forgiveness. Pastor Andy Savage then resigned from his staff position at Highpoint Church and stepped away from ministry. The University of California has had substantial accusations of sexual harassment reported yearly in

5400-609: The culture through personal reflection and future action, including #IDidThat, #IHave and #IWill. Analyses of the movement often point to the prevalence of sexual violence, which has been estimated by the World Health Organization to affect one-third of all women worldwide. A 2017 poll by ABC News and The Washington Post also found that 54% of American women report receiving "unwanted and inappropriate" sexual advances with 95% saying that such behavior usually goes unpunished. Others state that #MeToo underscores

5500-417: The customary torchlight parade in Oslo in honour of that year's Nobel Peace Prize laureates, Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad , who were awarded the prize for their work to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war . Norwegian Church Aid’s youth movement, Changemaker , organises campaigns, courses, camps and local projects for its many thousands of members aged 13 - 30. Changemaker's main priority

5600-573: The desire to keep a greater distance from women since #MeToo went viral because they do not fully understand what actions might be considered inappropriate. For the first few months after #MeToo started trending, many men expressed difficulty in participating in the conversation due to fear of negative consequences, citing examples of men who have been treated negatively after sharing their thoughts about #MeToo. Author and former pick-up artist Michael Ellsberg encourages men to reflect on past behavior and examples of questionable sexual behavior, such as

5700-657: The earlier 2018 thaw in North Korea–South Korea relations . The PRIO Director's "shortlist" included the World Food Programme for addressing hunger and food security; Dr. Denis Mukwege , Nadia Murad and Tarana Burke for their respective advocacies against sexual violence; SOS Méditerranée , Doctors Without Borders and the International Rescue Committee for their respective humanitarian work on migration crises in

5800-589: The federal government go through months of "cooling off" before being allowed to file a complaint against a Congressperson. Milano stated in 2017 that a priority for #MeToo is changing the laws surrounding sexual harassment and assault, for example instituting protocols that allow sufferers in all industries to file complaints without retaliation. She supported legislation making it difficult for publicly traded companies to hide cover-up payments from their stockholders and would like to make it illegal for employers to require new workers to sign non-disclosure agreements as

5900-670: The field of women's rights and humanitarian relief , the Norwegian Women's Lobby , the Forum for Women and Development , Norwegian Church Aid , Plan International Norway and JOIN Good Forces. Tasked with reviewing nominations from September of the previous year through February 1 and ultimately selecting the Prize winners, the Norwegian Parliament-appointed members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee at

6000-693: The historic context of the 2018 award: "This year marks a decade since the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1820 (2008), which determined that the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict constitutes both a war crime and a threat to international peace and security. This is also set out in the Rome Statute of 1998 , which governs the work of the International Criminal Court . The Statute establishes that sexual violence in war and armed conflict

6100-527: The hundreds at all nine UC campuses, notably UC Berkeley , Davis , UC Irvine , Los Angeles and San Diego . However, a landmark event at UC Irvine spearheaded the removal and reprimand of several campus officials and professors accused of sexual harassment and discrimination. In early July 2018, UC Irvine removed millionaire benefactor Francisco J. Ayala 's name from its biology school, central science library, graduate fellowships, scholar programs, and endowed chairs after an internal investigation substantiated

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6200-545: The incidents, most commonly due to fear of reprisal. There is evidence that in Japan, as few as 4% of rape victims report the crime, and the charges are dropped about half the time. There is a discussion on the best ways to handle whisper networks , or private lists of "people to avoid" that are shared unofficially in nearly every major institution or industry where sexual harassment is common due to power imbalances, including government, media, news and academia. These lists have

6300-475: The industry if worried about serious retribution from the abusers, especially if complaints have already been ignored. They say the lists help victims identify each other so they can speak out together and find safety in numbers. Sometimes these lists are kept for other reasons. For example, a spreadsheet from the United Kingdom called "High Libido MPs" and dubbed "the spreadsheet of shame" was created by

6400-582: The list were poor students who had already been punished or ignored when trying to come forward. Moira Donegan , a New York City-based journalist, privately shared a crowd-sourced list of " Shitty Media Men " to avoid in publishing and journalism. When it was shared outside her private network, Donegan lost her job. She stated it was unfair so few people had access to the list before it went public; for example, very few women of color received access (and therefore protection) from it. She pointed to her " whiteness, health, education and class " that allowed her to take

6500-809: The movement began to spread virally as a hashtag on social media. On October 15, 2017, American actress Alyssa Milano posted on Twitter , "If all the women who have been sexually harassed or assaulted wrote 'Me too' as a status, we might give people a sense of the magnitude of the problem," saying that she got the idea from a friend. A number of high-profile posts and responses from American celebrities Gwyneth Paltrow , Ashley Judd , Jennifer Lawrence , and Uma Thurman , among others, soon followed. Widespread media coverage and discussion of sexual harassment, particularly in Hollywood , led to high-profile terminations from positions held, as well as criticism and backlash. After millions of people started using

6600-519: The movement is creating its own crisis around masculinity . "There's a reflective questioning about whether they're going to be next and if they've ever hurt a woman. There's a level of anger and frustration. If you've been doing something wrong but haven't been told, there's an incredible sense of betrayal and it'll provoke a backlash. I think silence on both sides is incredibly dangerous." Urbaniak says she would like women to be allies of men and to be curious about their experience. "In that alliance there's

6700-469: The movement's message of believing survivors. MeToo founder Tarana Burke responded to the Asia Argento report, stating "I've said repeatedly that the #metooMVMT is for all of us, including these brave young men who are now coming forward. Sexual violence is about power and privilege. That doesn't change if the perpetrator is your favorite actress, activist or professor of any gender." Tarana Burke ,

6800-684: The need for men to intervene when they witness demeaning behavior. Burke said that #MeToo declares sexual violence sufferers are not alone and should not be ashamed. Burke says sexual violence is usually caused by someone the woman knows, so people should be educated from a young age that they have the right to say no to sexual contact from any person, even after repeated solicitations from an authority or spouse, and to report predatory behavior . Burke advises men to talk to each other about consent, call out demeaning behavior when they see it and try to listen to victims when they tell their stories. Alyssa Milano said that #MeToo has helped society understand

6900-621: The onset of the Kivu conflict , Mukwege and Panzi Hospital which he founded in Bukavu have treated some 50,000 women sexually victimized and their children born of sexual violence. Journalist Nicholas Kristof recounts Dr. Mukwege's efforts in eastern Congo, since interviewing him in 2010, at repairing mass rape victims' horrific internal injuries and speaking out on their behalf at risk of his and his family's life, and Murad's efforts since her abduction and enslavement in 2014 at speaking publicly about

7000-589: The other person feels like they are being demeaned or harassed. Reporter Anna North from Vox states one way to address #MeToo is to teach children the basics of sex . North states the cultural notion that women do not enjoy sex leads men "to believe that a lukewarm yes is all they're ever going to get", referring to a 2017 study which found that men who believe women enjoy being forced into sex are "more likely to perceive women as consenting". Alyssa Rosenberg of The Washington Post called for society to be careful of overreaching by "being clear about what behavior

7100-709: The pain women have suffered through sexual abuse to be recognized and confronted, and for their dignity to be restored. We need more people to stand up the way you have stood up for the rights of women, for justice, for the rights of minorities, for the rights of everyone." Other world leaders applauding the two laureates included DR Congo government spokesman Lambert Mende, President of the European Council Donald Tusk , European Commission spokesperson Natasha Bertaud, Secretary General of NATO Jens Stoltenberg , and Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel 's spokesman Steffen Seibert . Since 1999, at

7200-553: The perpetrators can be held accountable for their actions," reads the award citation. Norwegian Nobel Committee Chair Berit Reiss-Andersen commented on whether the Me Too movement inspired the Committee's award decision: "Metoo and war crimes are not quite the same. But they have in common that they see the suffering of women, the abuse of women and that it is important that women leave the concept of shame behind and speak up." At

7300-601: The phrase and hashtag in this manner in English, the expression began to spread to dozens of other languages. The scope has become somewhat broader with this expansion, however, and Burke has more recently referred to it as an international movement for justice for marginalized people. After the hashtag #MeToo went viral in late 2017, Facebook reported that almost half of its American users were friends with someone who said they had been sexually assaulted or harassed. The original purpose of "Me Too" as used by Tarana Burke in 2006

7400-520: The phrase, and it spread to dozens of other languages, the purpose changed and expanded, and as a result, it has come to mean different things to different people. Tarana Burke accepts the title of "leader" of the movement, but has stated that she considers herself more of a "worker". Burke has stated that this movement has grown to include both men and women of all colors and ages, as it continues to support marginalized people in marginalized communities. There have also been movements by men aimed at changing

7500-651: The plight of the Yazidis especially women and girls forced into sexual slavery. Since 1990, the Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded every year on 10 December, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel 's death, by the Norwegian Nobel Committee chair in a ceremony at Oslo City Hall that includes the laureate's Nobel lecture in the presence of the King of Norway and royal family. The laureate receives

7600-603: The process they will have embarrassed and humiliated themselves, in addition to opening themselves up to retribution from the assailants. In France, a person who makes a sexual harassment complaint at work is reprimanded or fired 40% of the time, while the accused person is typically not investigated or punished. In the United States, a 2016 report from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission states that although 25–85% of women say they experience sexual harassment at work, few ever report

7700-448: The production of the animated feature film Luck the month prior because of the company's decision to hire Disney Chief Creative Officer, John Lasseter , who had been accused of harassing women while at Disney. His behavior resulted in his decision to take a six-month leave of absence from the company, as he indicated in a memo in which he acknowledged "painful" conversations and unspecified "missteps". Among others, Thompson stated: "If

7800-619: The report accepted Professor Carlson's immediate resignation. Several claims were also reviewed against Thomas A. Parham , former vice chancellor at UC Irvine and former president of the Association of Black Psychologists. To address harassment within scientific settings, BethAnn McLaughlin started the #MeTooSTEM movement and hashtag. She called for the National Institutes of Health to cut funding to anyone who has been found guilty of harassment charges. McLaughlin shared

7900-515: The response to the " man or bear " meme of women sharing their assault experiences online with #MeToo. The #astroSH Twitter tag was used to discuss sexual harassment in the field of Astronomy, and several scientists and professors resigned or were fired. The #MeToo movement has had an impact on the field of animal advocacy. For instance, on January 30, 2018, Politico published an article titled, "Female Employees Allege Culture of Sexual Harassment at Humane Society: Two senior officials, including

8000-584: The result of #MeToo allegations. The first widely covered example of concrete consequences in finance was when two reporters, including Madison Marriage of the Financial Times , went undercover at a men-only Presidents Club event meant to raise money for children. Because women were not allowed to attend except as "hostesses" in tight, short black dresses with black underwear, Financial Times reporter Madison Marriage and another reporter got jobs as hostesses and documented widespread sexual misconduct. As

8100-426: The risk of sharing the list and getting fired. The main problem with trying to protect more potential victims by publishing whisper networks is determining the best mechanism to verify allegations in a way that is fair to all parties. Some suggestions have included strengthening labor unions in vulnerable industries so workers can report harassment directly to the union instead of to an employer. Another suggestion

8200-490: The ruling in the case of C v. Hau Kar Kit [2023] HKDC 974 sent a strong reminder to employers that there should be zero tolerance to sexual harassment in the workplace. It turned out that the employer was also held liable under the Sex Discrimination Ordinance for unlawful act committed by any of their employees during the course of their employment, regardless of whether the employers have knowledge of

8300-512: The spotlight for the public to see. This can give the false impression that most reported sexual assaults are false. However, false reports of sexual assault account for only 2% to 10% of all reports. These figures do not take into account that the majority of victims do not report when they are assaulted or harassed. Misconceptions about false reports are one of the reasons why women are scared to report their experiences with sexual assault—because they are afraid that no one will believe them, that in

8400-411: The stated purpose of warning other workers in the industry and are shared from person-to-person, on forums, in private social media groups, and via spreadsheets . However, it has been argued that these lists can become "weaponized" and be used to spread unsubstantiated gossip—an opinion which has been discussed widely in the media. Defenders say the lists provide a way to warn other vulnerable people in

8500-500: The survival of humanity depends on you. It's you women who carry humanity." "I hope that it will help bring justice for those women who suffered from sexual violence," said Murad, learning of the award while in Cambridge, Massachusetts. She said she will share her award "with Yazidis, Iraqis, Kurds, other persecuted minorities and all of the countless victims of sexual violence around the world" and will be thinking of her mother, who

8600-459: The time because I was not ready to deal with the ramifications of my story becoming public. At the time I believed there was still a stigma to being in the situation as a male in our society. I didn't think that people would understand the event that took place from the eyes of a teenage boy." Bennett said he would like to "move past this event in my life," adding, "today I choose to move forward, no longer in silence." Argento, who quietly arranged

8700-628: The time of the 2018 prize were listed as: The Nobel Committee considered 331 nominations for the 2018 prize, of which 216 were individuals and 115 were organizations, second highest to the record 376 candidates in 2016. Odds makers' favorites included the Supreme Leader of North Korea Kim Jong-un , the President of South Korea Moon Jae-in , and the President of the United States Donald Trump for their role in

8800-447: The time of the announcement in Oslo, neither awardee could be reached and informed of winning the prize. "I was in the operating room so when they started to make noise around (it) I wasn't really thinking about what was going on and suddenly some people came in and told me the news," Mukwege told Norwegian daily VG after completing his second surgery of the day, "It was so touching when I was operating and I heard people start to cry and it

8900-538: The trial's implications for the future of the #MeToo movement, some even declaring it the end of the movement. The New York Times found that, out of 201 prominent men who had lost their jobs after public allegations of sexual harassment, nearly half of their replacements were women. Following the #MeToo movement, many men who were heads of companies were fired and many public figures began to be held accountable. In addition to Hollywood , "Me Too" declarations elicited discussion of sexual harassment and abuse in

9000-681: The unlawful act. Others have suggested that barriers to employment must be removed, such as the job requirement by some employers to sign non-disclosure agreements or other agreements that prevent an employee from talking about their employment publicly, or taking disputes (including sexual harassment claims) to arbitration rather than to legal proceedings. It's been suggested that legislation should be passed that bans these types of mandatory pre-employment agreements. Some policy-based changes that have been suggested include increasing managerial oversight; creating clear internal reporting mechanisms; more effective and proactive disciplinary measures; creating

9100-426: The vetting of teachers, and updating sexual harassment policies. She has called for all professionals who work with children to be fingerprinted and subjected to a background check before being cleared to start work. She advocates for sex education that teaches kids to report predatory behavior immediately. Burke supports the #MeToo bill in the U.S. Congress , which would remove the requirement that staffers of

9200-426: The viral story Cat Person , written from the perspective of a 20-year-old woman who goes on a date with a much older man and ends up having an unpleasant sexual experience that was consensual but unwanted. Ellsberg has asked men to pledge to ensure women are mutually interested in initiating a sexual encounter and to slow down if there is ever doubt a woman wants to continue. Relationship instructor Kasia Urbaniak said

9300-449: The whole world that the will of life and peace is above the savagery of terrorism and hard-liner ideas," and Iraqi President Barham Salih tweeted that "Nadia's honor reflects the world's recognition of the Yazidis tragedy, and all victims of terrorism in Iraq." "We hope that this recognition will help Nadia and Yazidis endeavours to bring justice, peace, and coexistence", tweeted the non-governmental organization Yazda . Hussam Abdullah of

9400-651: The widespread prevalence of sexual misconduct towards children in school, and the need for increased training on Title IX policies, as only 18 states require people in education to receive training about what to do when a student or teacher is sexually abused. There has been discussion about what possible roles men may have in the #MeToo movement. It has been noted that 1 in 6 men have experienced sexual abuse of some sort during their lives and often feel unable to talk about it. Creator Tarana Burke and others have asked men to call out bad behavior when they see it, or just spend time quietly listening. Some men have expressed

9500-416: The world who have too often been stigmatized, hidden and forgotten. This is their award, too... Let us honour these new Nobel laureates by standing up for victims of sexual violence everywhere." And UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet said: "Nadia and Denis, I'm sure I speak for all human rights defenders, when I say we salute you, we admire you beyond words. You have fought for

9600-582: Was an "open secret", these lists are often the source. In the wake of #MeToo, several private whisper network lists have been leaked to the public. In India , a student gave her friends a list containing names of professors and academics in the Indian university system to be avoided, which later went viral after it was posted on social media. In response to criticism in the media, the authors defended themselves by saying they were only trying to warn their friends, had confirmed every case, and several victims from

9700-694: Was just made aware of an earlier #MeToo movement, and the origin story is equal parts heartbreaking and inspiring", providing the link to site of Ms. Burke. Milano credits her identification with the MeToo movement to experiencing sexual harassment during a concert when she was 19. Several hashtags related to sharing stories of workplace sexual harassment were used before #MeToo, including #MyHarveyWeinstein, #WhatWereYouWearing, #SurvivorPrivilege, and #YouOkSis. After filing for divorce from Johnny Depp in May 2016, actress Amber Heard alleged that Depp had abused her physically during their relationship. Depp filed

9800-571: Was slain by IS militants. Middlebury College President Laurie L. Patton wrote in an email, "This is by far the best cancellation notice I have ever had to write," when Murad had to cancel as guest speaker delivering the night of the award announcement a presentation entitled "Hope Has an Expiration Date: Exploring the Plight of Victims of Ethnic and Religious Violence in the Middle East." Tweeted reactions began pouring in immediately following

9900-496: Was so, so, so touching." "I can see in the faces of many women how they are happy to be recognised, and this is really so touching," he said when informed by phone of the news. Later addressing colleagues and supporters at the hospital, he said: "dear survivors around the world, I want to tell you that through this prize the world is listening to you and refuses indifference ... We hope that the world will no longer delay taking action in your favour, with force and determination, because

10000-428: Was to empower women through empathy, especially young and vulnerable women. In October 2017, Alyssa Milano encouraged using the phrase as a hashtag to help reveal the extent of problems with sexual harassment and assault by showing how many people have experienced these events themselves. It therefore encourages women to speak up about their abuses, knowing that they are not alone. After millions of people started using

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