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37-702: The cup is a registered Scottish FA competition which runs under the auspices of the North Caledonian FA . First introduced during the 1887–88 season as the flagship competition of the Inverness Junior Football Association, the North Caledonian Cup was initially known as the North of Scotland Junior FA Cup , introduced as an association football cup for competition between juniors clubs from Inverness and

74-529: A game played for 20 years until being discontinued in favour of the Football Association code, and those of Melbourne FC (1859) which are the origins of Australian rules football . By the time the Football Association met in late 1863, many different sets of rules had been published, varying widely on such questions as the extent to which the ball could be handled, the treatment of offside, the amount of physical contact allowed with opponents, and

111-448: A haphazard and irregular fashion. Queen's Park , a Glasgow club founded in 1867, took the lead, and following an advertisement in a Glasgow newspaper in 1873, representatives from seven clubs – Queen's Park, Clydesdale , Vale of Leven , Dumbreck , Third Lanark , Eastern and Granville – attended a meeting on 13 March 1873. Furthermore, Kilmarnock sent a letter stating their willingness to join. That day, these eight clubs formed

148-487: A surge in the formation of senior clubs throughout Ross-shire , Sutherland and Caithness resulted in a break-up in the dominance shown by the Highland Football League "2nd XI" sides. In 1984, the association took the decision to rename the association once again, this time taking the name North Caledonian League , in a bid to "shake off" the 2nd XI reserve football stigma which had been attached to

185-412: A system of club licence awards. All SFA member clubs are assessed annually in four areas (ground, first team, youth team, and governance) and, if appropriate, awarded a licence at platinum, gold, silver, bronze or entry level. As of June 2023, only Celtic and Rangers have been awarded a platinum-level licence, while two others ( Hibernian and St Johnstone ) hold gold-level licences. All clubs in

222-765: Is a full national side . The Scottish Football Association organises the Scottish Cup and the Scottish Youth Cup . Although the SFA are not involved in the day-to-day operation of the Scottish Professional Football League or other league competitions, they do appoint referees to officiate the games in these leagues, as well as dealing with player registrations and disciplinary issues. The Scottish Football Association encourages quality of governance in football clubs through

259-673: Is for under-12 players, and will provide them with 800 hours of additional coaching. As of June 2023 , seven performance schools exist: As of June 2023, 124 clubs are full members of the Scottish Football Association, comprising: The Scottish Football Association has affiliated to it the following seven national associations: There are 10 local associations affiliated and the competitions they manage are also listed below: The following six leagues with their affiliated leagues and cups are recognised by The Scottish Football Association: Laws of

296-528: Is located there. The Scottish Football Association is responsible for the operation of the Scotland national football team , the annual Scottish Cup and several other duties important to the functioning of the game in Scotland. Following the formation of Scotland's earliest football clubs in the 1860s, football experienced a rapid growth but there was no formal structure, and matches were often arranged in

333-614: The Highland Football League , cup entrants were mostly teams from the Inverness area and its surrounding districts and for the latter part of the 19th century the competition was dominated by the 2nd XI combinations of senior clubs from the Highland League. It was not until the 1902 that the trophy eventually left Inverness when Dingwall Victoria United - who would later become known as Ross County - won

370-455: The Scotland national football team , the Scottish Football Association is also currently responsible for organising the Scotland national football B team , as well as men's national teams at under-21 , under-19 , under-18 and under-17 levels. There was also a semi-professional team , but this was disbanded in 2008. In women's football, there is the full Scotland women's national football team , under-19 and under-17 teams. In Futsal , there

407-534: The Scottish FA and the SFA ; Scottish Gaelic : Comann Ball-coise na h-Alba ) is the governing body of football in Scotland and has the ultimate responsibility for the control and development of football in Scotland . Members of the SFA include clubs in Scotland , affiliated national associations as well as local associations. It was formed in 1873, making it the second oldest national football association in

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444-404: The Scottish Professional Football League are required to be licensed at bronze level, Highland Football League , and Lowland Football League are required to be licensed at entry level or above. The Scottish Football Association established a number of performance schools around Scotland in 2012 with the aim of developing footballing talent in young people and at grassroots level. The programme

481-469: The "hacking" clubs predominating. A further meeting was scheduled in order to finalise ("settle") the laws. At this crucial 24 November meeting, the "hackers" were again in a narrow majority. During the meeting, however, the FA's secretary Ebenezer Cobb Morley brought the delegates' attention to a recently published set of football laws from Cambridge University which banned carrying and hacking. Discussion of

518-441: The "pro-hacking" laws from being adopted. Pember strongly denied such an "accusation of ungentlemanly conduct". The verdicts of later historians have been mixed: Young accuses Campbell of "arrogance", while Harvey supports Campbell's allegations, accusing the non-hackers of a "coup" against the pro-hacking clubs. Blackheath, along with the other "hacking" clubs, would leave the FA as a result of this dispute. The final version of

555-673: The 1990s and the National Federation of State High School Associations and National Collegiate Athletic Association still use rulesets that are comparable to, but different from, the IFAB Laws. The Laws of the Game consist of seventeen individual laws, each law containing several rules and directions: All high-level association football is played according to the same laws. The Laws permit some variation for youth, veterans, disability and grassroots football, such as shortening

592-598: The Cambridge rules, and suggestions for possible communication with Cambridge on the subject, served to delay the final "settlement" of the laws to a further meeting, on 1 December. A number of representatives who supported rugby-style football did not attend this additional meeting, resulting in hacking and carrying being banned. Francis Campbell of Blackheath F.C. , the most prominent "hacking" club, accused FA President Arthur Pember , Morley, and their allies of managing 24 November meeting improperly in order to prevent

629-611: The FA's laws was formally adopted and published in December 1863. Some notable differences from the modern game are listed below: At its meeting on 8 December 1863, the FA agreed that, as reported in Bell's Life in London , John Lillywhite would publish the Laws. The first game to be played under the new rules occurred eleven days later between Barnes and Richmond . Adoption of the laws

666-407: The Game (association football) The Laws of the Game are the codified rules of association football . The laws mention the number of players a team should have, the game length, the size of the field and ball, the type and nature of fouls that referees may penalise, the offside law, and many other laws that define the sport. During a match, it is the task of the referee to interpret and enforce

703-560: The Laws of the Game. There were various attempts to codify rules among the various types of football in the mid-19th century. The extant Laws date back to 1863 where a ruleset was formally adopted by the newly formed Football Association (FA) and written by its first secretary, Ebenezer Cobb Morley . Over time, the Laws have been amended, and since 1886 they have been maintained by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). The Laws are

740-508: The Laws without the approval of at least two of the British governing bodies. In the nineteenth century, the word "football" could signify a wide variety of games in which players attempted to move a ball into an opponent's goal. The first published rules of "football" were those of Rugby School (1845), which permitted extensive handling, quickly followed by the Eton field game (1847), which

777-408: The Scottish Football Association, and resolved that: The clubs here represented form themselves into an association for the promotion of football according to the rules of The Football Association and that the clubs connected with this association subscribe for a challenge cup to be played for annually, the committee to propose the laws of the competition. The following eight football clubs founded

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814-492: The Scottish Football Association: The chief executive of the Scottish Football Association oversees the development of football in Scotland and the administration of disciplinary matters, and is also responsible for the general organisation of the national side. One of the most prominent roles of the chief executive is to hire and dismiss Scotland national football team managers . As well as

851-567: The cup since its introduction 97 years prior. Almost a year later, at the annual general meeting of the North Caledonian FA, the trophy was renamed the North Caledonian Challenge Cup . Since 1972, only six senior reserve teams have won the trophy, the last being Inverness Caledonian Thistle 'A' in 1998–99. In 2008, the original 121-year-old trophy was retired due to being in a state of poor repair and

888-510: The eight-seat IFAB board needs to vote to accept a rule change. Four seats are held by FIFA to represent their 200+ member Nations, with the other four going to each of the British associations (the FA representing England, the SFA representing Scotland, FAW representing Wales and the IFA representing Northern Ireland), meaning that no change can be made without FIFA's approval, but FIFA cannot change

925-500: The height at which a goal could be scored. In 1863, some football clubs followed the example of Rugby School by allowing the ball to be carried in the hands, with players allowed to " hack " (kick in the shins) opponents who were carrying the ball. Other clubs forbade both practices. During the FA meetings to draw up the first version of the laws, there was an acrimonious division between the "hacking" and "non-hacking" clubs. An FA meeting of 17 November 1863 discussed this question, with

962-464: The laws; this is colloquially known as "Law 18". The laws are administered by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). They meet at least once a year to debate and decide any changes to the text as it exists at that time. The meeting in winter generally leads to an update to the laws on 1 July of each year that take effect immediately. The laws govern all international matches and national matches of member organisations. A minimum of six of

999-611: The length of the game and the use of temporary dismissals . In 1997, a major revision dropped whole paragraphs and clarified many sections to simplify and strengthen the principles. These laws are written in English Common Law style and are meant to be guidelines and goals of principle that are then clarified through practice, tradition, and enforcement by the referees . The actual law book had long contained 50 pages more of material, organised in numerous sections, that included many diagrams but were not officially part of

1036-547: The main 17 laws. In 2007, many of these additional sections along with much of the material from the FIFA Questions and Answers (Q&A), were restructured and put into a new "Additional Instructions and Guidelines for the Referee" section. In the 2016/2017 revision of the Laws, the material from this section was folded into the Laws themselves. Referees are expected to use their judgement and common sense in applying

1073-466: The only rules of association football FIFA permits its members to use. The Laws currently allow some minor optional variations which can be implemented by national football associations, including some for play at the lowest levels, but otherwise almost all organised football worldwide is played under the same ruleset. Within the United States, Major League Soccer used a distinct ruleset during

1110-470: The other Home Nations of the United Kingdom – Scotland , Wales and Ireland – led to the creation of the International Football Association Board to oversee the rules for all the home nations. Their first meeting was in 1886. Before this, teams from different countries had to agree to which country's rules were used before playing. When the international football body on the continent FIFA

1147-534: The surrounding districts across the North of Scotland. In the season that followed, the Inverness Junior FA became known as the North of Scotland Junior FA and the cup would become its marquee competition. The first competition was competed for between eighteen teams across the North of Scotland and was won in its first season by Inverness -based junior club Crusaders F.C. In its infancy, much like

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1184-413: The trophy in two consecutive seasons. While 2nd XI (reserve) clubs were still a dominant force, the growth of the junior club scene eventually led to teams from Tain , Grantown-on-spey , Elgin and Muir of Ord adding their name to the trophy. When the North of Scotland Junior FA dropped its junior status in 1935, the competition became known as the North of Scotland 2nd XI Cup . By the late 1960s,

1221-731: The world. It is not to be confused with the Scottish Football Union , which is the name that the SRU was known by until the 1920s. The Scottish Football Association is a member of both UEFA and FIFA and holds a permanent seat on the International Football Association Board (IFAB) which is responsible for the Laws of the Game . It is based at Hampden Park in Glasgow. In addition, the Scottish Football Museum

1258-599: Was founded in Paris in 1904, it immediately declared that FIFA would adhere to the rules laid down by the IFAB. The growing popularity of the international game led to the admittance of FIFA representatives to the IFAB in 1913. Up until 1958, it was still possible for the British associations to vote together to impose changes against the wishes of FIFA. This changed with the adoption of the current voting system whereby FIFA's support

1295-418: Was much more restrictive of handling the ball. Between the 1830s and 1850s, a number of sets of rules were created for use at Cambridge University – but they were generally not published at the time, and many have subsequently been lost. The first detailed sets of rules published by football clubs (rather than a school or university) were those of Sheffield F.C. (written 1858, published 1859) which codified

1332-622: Was not universal among English football clubs. The Sheffield Rules continued to be used by many. Additionally, in preference for hacking as well as handling of the ball, several clubs, such as Blackheath, decided against being part of the FA in its early years and would later form the Rugby Football Union in 1871. Minor variations between the rules used in England (the jurisdiction of the Football Association) and

1369-544: Was sent to Hampden for safe keeping and refurbishment. Though the competition's lineage remained intact, a new trophy, more simply inscribed with the name North Caledonian Cup , was introduced to replace the original. At the same time, the cup was briefly recognized and referred to as the Jock Mackay Memorial Cup before the competitions became two separate cups. Scottish Football Association The Scottish Football Association (also known as

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