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46-604: On June 26, 1972, North Carolina Governor Robert W. Scott created the "Executive Cabinet," an advisory body consisting of the members of the North Carolina Council of State , the appointed secretaries of the state's executive departments, and miscellaneous members appointed by the governor. The Cabinet's size decreased by two on Jan. 1, 2012, when three Cabinet-level agencies, the North Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Safety ,

92-550: A National Guardsman, five Greensboro police officers and two students. On June 26, 1972, Scott created the Executive Cabinet, an advisory body consisting of the members of the North Carolina Council of State , the appointed secretaries of the state's executive departments, and miscellaneous members appointed by the governor. He was succeeded by James Holshouser on January 5, 1973. Constitutionally barred from seeking another term, Scott later served as co-chairman of

138-637: A center of rural life for many farming communities. The commissioner of the Department of Agriculture commissioned Oliver Kelley , after a personal interview with President Andrew Johnson , to go to the Southern states and to collect data to improve Southern agricultural conditions. In the South, poor farmers bore the brunt of the Civil War and were suspicious of Northerners like Kelley. Kelley found he

184-616: A massive decline in membership. By the turn of the 20th century, the Grange rebounded and membership stabilized. The Granger movement supported efforts by politicians to regulate rates charged by the railroads and grain warehouses. It claimed credit for the ideas of the Cooperative Extension Service , Rural Free Delivery , and the Farm Credit System . The peak of their political reputation was marked by

230-465: A meeting of advisers who told him that in order to ensure a successful gubernatorial bid in 1968 he would have to shed his reputation as a liberal. Taking their advice, Scott traveled to Dunn in November and gave a speech on law and order , strongly criticising civil rights protest violence, anti- Vietnam War demonstrators, and the black power movement. Jesse Helms praised Scott's address, but it

276-605: A negative fashion. In the primary Scott faced Speaker of the State House of Representatives Clifton Blue and State Senator John Jordan. Scott fashioned himself as a progressive, opposing the death penalty and calling for increased expenditure on roads and schools. He and the rest of the candidates maintained neutrality in the Democratic gubernatorial race between liberal L. Richardson Preyer and conservative Dan K. Moore . Scott's uncle, state legislator Ralph Scott ,

322-403: A non-partisan organization, the Grange supports only policies, never political parties or candidates. Although the Grange was founded to serve the interests of farmers, because of the shrinking farm population the Grange has begun to broaden its range to include a wide variety of issues, and anyone is welcome to join the Grange. The Junior Grange is open to children 5–14. Regular Grange membership

368-470: A plow (aged 14 to 16 ) were encouraged to participate. The importance of women was reinforced by requiring that four of the elected positions could be held only by women. Rapid growth infused the national organization with money from dues, and many local granges established consumers' co-operatives , initially supplied by the wholesaler Aaron Montgomery Ward . Poor fiscal management, combined with organizational difficulties resulting from rapid growth, led to

414-569: Is open to anyone age 14 or older. The Grange Youth, a group within the Grange, consists of members 13 1/2 to 30. In 2013, the Grange signed on to a letter to Congress calling for the doubling of legal immigration and legalization for undocumented immigrants currently in the United States. However, this position has been somewhat revised, and the Grange now emphasizes an expansion in the H-2A visa program to increase legal immigration and address

460-737: The Appalachian Regional Commission and as President of the North Carolina Community College System , from 1983 until 1995. He unsuccessfully ran for governor in 1980, losing in the Democratic primary to Jim Hunt . His daughter, Meg Scott Phipps served as North Carolina Commissioner of Agriculture from 2001 to 2003. Scott was honored in 2008 by the North Carolina Society for preserving state archives and historic artifacts and his efforts to increase awareness of

506-582: The Granger Laws to lower rates charged by railroads, and rural free mail delivery by the Post Office . In 2005, the Grange had a membership of 160,000, with organizations in 2,100 communities in 36 states. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., in a building built by the organization in 1960. Many rural communities in the United States still have a Grange Hall and local Granges still serve as

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552-461: The North Carolina Department of Correction and the North Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention , were merged to become the North Carolina Department of Public Safety . The Cabinet then expanded by two secretaries in 2015, with the creation of two new Departments: Information Technology, and Military and Veterans Affairs. Then the Cabinet increased by one in 2022, with

598-698: The Ponder machine in Madison County . As Scott had not earned a 50 percent majority to be declared the victor outright, Blue called for a runoff, criticising the role of machines in Scott's performance. When Blue attempted to draw attention to voting irregularities in Madison County, Scott retorted that Blue had received aide from courthouse machines in Durham and Buncombe counties. As the two competed in

644-691: The US Army Counter Intelligence Corps . In 1959 Scott and his wife were voted by the National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry as one of the five top "Young Grange Couples" in the country. In September 1963, the progressive wing of the North Carolina Democratic Party , led by Governor Terry Sanford and Bert Bennett, decided that they would support L. Richardson Preyer in

690-579: The United States Supreme Court 's ruling in Baker v. Carr and the doctrine of one man, one vote . Scott largely used his time as Lieutenant Governor to prepare for a future gubernatorial bid. He delivered 203 speeches in 1965 and 245 the following year. He avoided controversial issues in his orations, and was concerned by the growing white backlash in the South in response to federal support for civil rights . In May 1967 he convened

736-580: The advice and consent of the North Carolina Senate . Cooper challenged that law in court and said none of his nominees would wait for a Senate confirmation hearing to assume their duties. He announced on Jan. 27, 2017, that all but two cabinet secretaries had been sworn in and had taken office. A three-judge panel issued a temporary restraining order on Feb. 7, 2017, preventing the Senate from taking action to hold confirmation hearings, pending

782-607: The Governor and upheld the constitutionality of the law providing for advice and consent in November 2017. Robert W. Scott Robert Walter "Bob" Scott (June 13, 1929 – January 23, 2009) was an American politician who served as the 67th Governor of North Carolina from 1969 to 1973. He was born and died in Haw River, North Carolina . The son of North Carolina Governor W. Kerr Scott and First Lady Mary White Scott , and grandson and nephew of state legislators, Scott

828-400: The Grange ritual. The Grange is a grassroots organization; virtually all policy originates at the subordinate level. The motto of the Grange is In necessariis unitas, in dubiis libertas, in omnibus caritas ("In essentials, unity; in non-essentials, liberty; in all things, charity"). Indeed, the word "grange" comes from a Latin word for grain, and is related to a "granary" or, generically,

874-537: The Grange was not a political party , Grangers were involved in several political movements in the Midwestern United States in the late 19th century, such as the Reform Party of Wisconsin. Grange membership has declined considerably as the percentage of American farmers has fallen from a third of the population in the early 20th century to less than two percent today. Between 1992 and 2007,

920-482: The Order of Patrons of Husbandry , is a social organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture . The Grange, founded after the Civil War in 1867, is the oldest American agricultural advocacy group with a national scope. The Grange actively lobbied state legislatures and Congress for political goals, such as

966-460: The South's economy. Though it was uncommon for a presidential candidate to criticize a lieutenant gubernatorial candidate, Goldwater responded by attacking Scott's connections with alleged socialists. In the November election Scott defeated the Republican lieutenant gubernatorial candidate, Clifford Bell, earning 61 percent of the votes. Moore was elected Governor of North Carolina , and Johnson

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1012-546: The Speaker Ban Law. Ralph Scott accused Moore of not doing enough to repeal the speaker law. Bob Scott, seeking to portray himself as a centrist, publicly distanced himself from his uncle and defended Moore's leadership. Scott presided over the Senate when the General Assembly was called to a special session to redraw North Carolina's legislative districts, as stipulated by federal court decisions related to

1058-580: The Supreme Court decision in Munn v. Illinois (1877), which held that grain warehouses were a "private utility in the public interest ," and so could be regulated by public law. However this achievement was overturned later by the Supreme Court in Wabash v. Illinois (1886). The Grange also endorsed the temperance cause to avoid alcohol , the direct election of Senators and women's suffrage . While

1104-493: The ceremony of each degree relates to the seasons and various symbols and principles. During the last few decades, the Grange has moved toward public meetings and no longer meets in secret. Though the secret meetings do not occur, the Grange still acknowledges its rich history and practices some traditions. The Grange is a hierarchical organization ranging from local communities to the National Grange organization. At

1150-533: The creation of the new Department of Adult Correction. The current cabinet includes the following positions: The Governor also appoints senior staff who are not Cabinet "Secretaries," but hold posts with a similar rank as Cabinet officials: Just before Roy Cooper took office as governor in 2017, the North Carolina General Assembly , breaking with longstanding tradition, added a provision to state law that Cabinet appointments require

1196-628: The crisis-level labor shortage in agriculture. They support the enforcement of immigration law but urge discretion with regard to the impact on labor availability. When the Grange first began in 1867, it borrowed some of its rituals and symbols from Freemasonry, including oaths, secret meetings , and special passwords necessary to keep railroad spies out of their meetings. It also copied ideas from Greek, Roman and Biblical mythology. Small, ceremonial farm tools are often displayed at Grange meetings. Elected officers are in charge of opening and closing each meeting. There are seven degrees of Grange membership;

1242-406: The local level are community Granges, otherwise known as subordinate Granges . All members are affiliated with at least one subordinate. In most states, multiple subordinate Granges are grouped together to form Pomona Granges . Typically, Pomona Granges are made up of all the subordinates in a county. Next in the order come State Granges, which is where the Grange begins to be especially active in

1288-639: The need for an organization that would bring people together from across the country in a spirit of mutual cooperation. After many letters and consultations with the other founders, the Grange was born. The first Grange, Grange #1, was founded in 1868 in Fredonia , New York . Seven men and one woman co-founded the Grange: Oliver Hudson Kelley , William Saunders , Francis M. McDowell , John Trimble , Aaron B. Grosh , John R. Thompson , William M. Ireland , and Caroline Hall . In 1873

1334-517: The next gubernatorial election. The decision upset many Branchhead Boys and surprised Scott, who thought Preyer would be unpopular in eastern North Carolina. The following month Scott resigned from his position as head of the state Grange and began traveling across North Carolina to investigate his chances of winning a gubernatorial race. After deciding that the possibility was slim, he called a press conference in January 1964 to declare he would not seek

1380-472: The number of Grange members fell by 40%, largely due to the National Grange no longer offering insurance for its members. Washington has the largest membership of any state, at approximately 13,000. In 2022, the National Grange reported a net gain in membership for the first time in almost seven decades. As of 2024 , the Grange continues to press for the causes of farmers, including issues of free trade and farm policy. In its 2006 Journal of Proceedings ,

1426-436: The office of governor but would not rule out running for another office. In discussions with his advisers, Scott decided that he would not seek to become Commissioner of Agriculture like his father, deeming it to be a post of diminishing importance. He proposed seeking the office of Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina , though one of his advisers dismissed it as a "dead end". A week later his advisers changed their perception of

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1472-441: The organization was united under a National Grange in Washington, D.C. Paid agents organized local Granges and membership in the Grange increased dramatically from 1873 (200,000) to 1875 (858,050). Many of the state and local granges adopted non-partisan political resolutions, especially regarding the regulation of railroad transportation costs. The organization was unusual at this time, because women and any teen old enough to draw

1518-577: The organization's report on its annual convention, the organization lays out its mission and how it works towards achieving it through fellowship, service, and legislation: The Grange provides opportunities for individuals and families to develop to their highest potential in order to build stronger communities and states, as well as a stronger nation. In February 2024, the National Grange revised their Mission Statement: Strengthening individuals, families, and communities through service, education, nonpartisan grassroots advocacy, and agricultural awareness. As

1564-496: The outcome of the case challenging the constitutionality of the law. The panel later rescinded the order, but Cooper said he would hold off on submitting nominees to the Senate until after the trial could be held. After further court proceedings, the Senate issued a subpoena to Larry Hall to attend his confirmation hearing for Secretary of Military and Veterans Affairs, and Hall complied. The Senate later voted unanimously to confirm Hall. The North Carolina Court of Appeals ruled against

1610-425: The political process. State Masters (Presidents) are responsible for supervising the administration of Subordinate and Pomona Granges. Together, thirty-five State Granges, as well as Potomac Grange #1 in Washington, D.C., form the National Grange. The National Grange represents the interests of most Grangers in lobbying activities similar to the state, but on a much larger scale. In addition, the National Grange oversees

1656-515: The position, and several days after that Scott declared his candidacy for the Democratic nomination to the office. In his announcement he criticized the controversial Speaker Ban Law , a statute passed by the legislature late in the 1963 session that prevented members of the Communist Party and alleged subversives from delivering speeches at state universities. He called the law "not satisfactory" and said it portrayed university officials in

1702-661: The runoff, Scott secured the support of organized labor and criticized private power companies in an attempt to gain the sympathies of members of rural electric cooperatives. In the Democratic primary runoff, Scott won 371,605 votes to Blue's 356,400 votes, thus securing the Democratic nomination. As in the first primary, he was aided by courthouse machines. Scott subsequently attended the 1964 Democratic National Convention in Atlantic City , New Jersey. He expressed reservations about President Lyndon B. Johnson 's decision to choose Senator Hubert Humphrey as his running mate in

1748-417: The state's Agriculture Commissioner, Governor and as a US Senator. After high school, Bob Scott attended Duke University and North Carolina State College (now NC State University ) - from which he graduated in 1952. He was married to Jessie Rae Osborne in 1951 and they had five children. Their daughter Meg Scott Phipps , would become an NC Commissioner of Agriculture . From 1953 to 1955 Scott served in

1794-704: The state's history. Scott died in 2009 at the age of 79 and is buried in Hawfields Presbyterian Church Cemetery in Mebane , North Carolina . His father's farm and birthplace, the Kerr Scott Farm , was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry The National Grange , a.k.a. The Grange , officially named The National Grange of

1840-534: The vice-presidential spot on the national Democratic ticket, but in September agreed to chair the Rural Americans for Johnson-Humphrey political action committee . In this capacity Scott frequently criticized Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater 's policies in favor of reducing price supports for crops and opposing government spending on rural development, saying that his choices would harm

1886-474: Was a dairy farmer. He is the last Democratic Governor to serve under the state's one term only law, and was the last Democratic Governor until Bev Perdue to serve a single term. Scott was born in the rural community of Haw River, Alamance County, NC to W. Kerr Scott and Mary White Scott, and grew up on the family dairy farm. His father Kerr became very prominent in North Carolina politics, serving as

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1932-411: Was a leading progressive critic of Moore and frequently attacked him in speeches. The criticism was so vigorous that Scott released a statement distancing himself from his uncle's politics. In the primary election Scott placed first, earning 306,992 votes (44 percent) to Blue's 255,424 votes (36 percent), while Jordan placed third. Scott's victory was aided by the support of courthouse machines , including

1978-416: Was able to overcome these sectional differences as a Mason . With Southern Masons as guides, he toured the war-torn countryside in the South and was appalled by the outdated farming practices. In the western states, Kelley deplored the lack of "progressive agriculture", with illiterate "ignorant" farmers who were "using a system of farming [that] was the same as that handed down by generations gone by". He saw

2024-615: Was also ex officio a member of the State Board of Education . Scott commuted daily from his home in Haw River to Raleigh for work. In lieu of his own firm program, Scott generally supported Moore's policies, though the two came from different ideological factions in the Democratic Party and never shared a close personal relationship. Scott backed Moore's initiatives for a road construction bond issue and reform of state courts. He also supported Moore's quiet attempts to reform

2070-517: Was denounced by several state newspapers. In June 1968, a cross was burned on Scott's lawn in Haw River. Scott was elected governor in 1968, taking office on January 3, 1969. In May 1969, during his term as governor, racial violence at North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University , a predominantly black campus in Greensboro, resulted in one student death, and the injury of

2116-429: Was reelected President. Scott was sworn in as Lieutenant Governor on January 8, 1965. He was the first person to hold the office since the previous incumbent, Harvey Cloyd Philpott , had died on August 19, 1961. The office held legislative powers, as its holder presided over the North Carolina Senate and had the responsibility of appointing legislators to committees and referring bills to them. The Lieutenant Governor

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