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53-477: The local community defines several general areas based on the directional suffixes added to streets in the city. These city areas do not necessarily correlate with official community or neighborhood definitions. Downtown Minneapolis refers to the street grid area aligned on a diagonal with the Mississippi River bend, as opposed to the true north-south grid orientation. The area north of downtown on

106-550: A 38th Street bus line that ran east-west was added, and later extended a few years later. The area grew into a bustling commercial intersection and neighborhood, linked by the Chicago Avenue trolley line. Residential neighborhoods along 38th Street were first populated by Swedes and Norwegians . By the 1920s, the area was multi-cultural with a mixed population of African American , Jewish , and Southern and Eastern European people. Many Black residents had moved to

159-608: A bonus, a promotion, and other strategic information, and letters of recommendation." Community engagement has been proven to counteract the most negative attributes of poverty and a high amount of social capital has been shown to reduce crime. "Social connectedness matters to our lives in the most profound way." -Robert Putnam. Robert Putnam reports, in the chapter Health and Happiness from his book Bowling Alone , that recent public research shows social connection impacts all areas of human health, this includes psychological and physical aspects of human health. Putnam says "...beyond

212-481: A destination for both Black residents and Black visitors to Minneapolis who sought businesses who would serve them. East 38th Street and 4th Avenue South featured a Black-owned café, delicatessen, newspaper headquarters, and shops. Founded in 1934 by Cecil Newman , the Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder is the oldest continuously operated Black newspaper in the state. It has been located near

265-551: A doubt that social connectedness is one of the most powerful determinates of our well being." In particular it is face to face connections which have been shown to have greater impacts then non-face to face relationships. Specific health benefits of strong social relationships are a decrease in the likelihood of: seasonal viruses, heart attacks, strokes, cancer, depression, and premature death of all sorts. There are online initiatives to improve local communities like LOCAL (www.localchange.com). Sustainability in community programs

318-472: A group of interacting people living in a common location. The word is often used to refer to a group that is organized around common values and is attributed with social cohesion within a shared geographical location, generally in social units larger than a household. The word can also refer to the national community or global community. The word "community" is derived from the Old French communité which

371-505: A major north-south thoroughfare, in the city's Powderhorn community. The 38th and Chicago street intersection is a border for several city neighborhoods : Bancroft , Bryant , Central , and Powderhorn Park . The four neighborhoods have a distinct history in Minneapolis due to the racial and ethnic residential population and development matters over the past century. The neighborhoods were home to approximately 25,000 residents by

424-409: A social unit…. The individual is helpless socially, if left to himself…. If he comes into contact with neighbor, and they with other neighbors, there will be an accumulation of social capital, which may immediately satisfy his social needs and which may bear a social potentiality sufficient to the substantial improvement of living conditions in the whole community. The community as a whole will benefit by

477-538: A total of 67 NRP neighborhood action plans. As of 2024, the NRP is under the Neighborhood and Community Relations department, which also oversees the city's neighborhood organizations, community engagement projects, and language services. Neighborhoods historically defined themselves around schools and commercial hubs, and many trace their identities to community organizations formed in the early 20th century. The oldest,

530-508: Is a combination of the Near North and Camden communities, each of which is made up of several neighborhoods. This also applies to neighborhoods, with residents living by definition in one neighborhood, but classifying themselves in another. The Minneapolis City Council , made up of one representative from each of the city's 13 wards, has legislative authority to define neighborhood boundaries. Community and neighborhood boundaries are not

583-532: Is an area just north of the University of Minnesota within the official Marcy-Holmes neighborhood, heavily populated by students. A row of historic fraternity houses along University Avenue is called "fraternity row." Similarly, Stadium Village on the east end of campus in Prospect Park is named for the now-demolished Memorial Stadium and current Huntington Bank Stadium . The Warehouse District

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636-555: Is derived from the Latin communitas ( cum , "with/together" and munus , "gift"), a broad term for fellowship or organized society. A sense of community refers to people's perception of interconnection and interdependence , shared responsibility , and common goals . Understanding a community entails having knowledge of community needs and resources, having respect for community members, and involving key community members in programs. The author Robert Putnam refers to

689-641: Is lacking. Putnam reports that the first use of the social capital theory was by L. J. Hanifan , a practical reformer during the Progressive Era in the United States of America. The following description of social capital is a quote from L.J. Hanifan in Putnam's Book: Those tangible substances [that] count for most in the daily lives of people: namely good will, fellowship, sympathy, and social intercourse among individuals and families who make up

742-563: Is one of several communities comprising south Minneapolis. Official neighborhoods of the University community: The University community is named for the University of Minnesota . It sits on the Mississippi River's east bank and includes the parts of the West Bank surrounding the University of Minnesota and Augsburg University campuses. Uptown is probably the best-known business district in Minneapolis besides downtown. It centers at

795-518: Is the capacity of programs (services designed to meet the needs of community members) to continuously respond to community issues. A sustained program maintains a focus consonant with its original goals and objectives, including the individuals , families , and communities it was originally intended to serve. Programs change regarding the breadth and depth of their programming. Some become aligned with other organizations and established institutions, whereas others maintain their independence. Understanding

848-555: Is the newest of Minneapolis's commercial districts, named in the late 1990s by the Whittier Alliance to promote the international variety of restaurants along Nicollet Avenue South between Grant St. and 29th St. Nicollet was historically a central commercial district in the Whittier neighborhood, but the end of the streetcar system and the construction of a K-Mart at the intersection of Nicollet and Lake Street disconnected

901-616: The Minneapolis 2040 zoning plan presented in August 2020 city officials designated the broader 38th Street South area as one of the city's seven new cultural districts to promote racial equity, preserve cultural identity, and promote economic growth. The officially designated 38th Street Cultural District included the segments of 37th to 39th streets south, from Nicollet to Bloomington avenues. Clarissa Rogers Walker Way : The length of 3rd Avenue South between 36th Street and 42nd Street

954-573: The Powderhorn community. The area developed into a residential zone when the Chicago Avenue street car line was extended to East 38th Street in 1880. Since the 1930s, the area has featured many Black -owned businesses, and the surrounding neighborhoods have had distinct histories from other neighborhoods in Minneapolis due to racial settlement patterns that concentrated Black residents there. After several decades of economic stagnation,

1007-543: The Prospect Park Association, formed in 1901 to oppose city plans to level Tower Hill. In other neighborhoods, the current official neighborhood association was formed in the 1970s and 1980s; in Linden Hills , the organization was formed in 1972 in response to proposed changes in the park, but several social and commercial organizations in the neighborhood dated to the neighborhood's development at

1060-407: The value which comes from social networks as social capital in his book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. He writes that social capital "makes an enormous difference in our lives", that "a society characterized by generalized reciprocity is more efficient that a distrustful society" and that economic sociologists have shown a minimized economic wealth if social capital

1113-454: The 1900s, discriminatory housing practices in parts of the city, such as racial covenants that barred property from being transferred from White home owners to prospective Black home owners, as well as the practice of redlining , had the effect of concentrating Black residents there and racial discrimination by businesses in the city's predominately White areas resulted in development and growth of Black commerce. The 38th Street corridor became

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1166-689: The 2020s. After the area was platted in the mid 1800s, 38th Street was a part of Richfield in Hennepin County . In 1867, the Minnesota Legislature created the Minneapolis Township, a separate jurisdiction from the City of Minneapolis, out of the area south of Lake Street to the northern bank of Minnehaha Creek (then named Brown's Creek). In 1883, the Powderhorn area was transferred from Minneapolis Township to

1219-534: The 38th and Chicago street intersection. In Minneapolis, 38th Street is an east-west thorough fare. West 38th Street runs from Excelsior Boulevard to Nicollet Avenue , but is interrupted by Bde Mka Ska and Lakewood Cemetery . East 38th Street is the stretch of road from Nicollet Avenue to the West River Parkway of the Mississippi River . East 38th Street intersects with Chicago Avenue,

1272-759: The Calhoun-Isles community: Calhoun-Isles is in western Minneapolis. It is named after Lake Calhoun (the former name of Bde Maka Ska ) and Lake of the Isles . It includes the city's Uptown area. Official neighborhoods of the Camden community: Camden is in far northwest Minneapolis. Along with the Near North, the two communities comprise north Minneapolis. Official neighborhoods of the Central community: The Central community of Minneapolis sits southwest of

1325-420: The City of Minneapolis, and 38th Street became the city's southern boundary. The city annexed remaining portions of the township in 1887. Residential development of the 38th Street area began in the 1870s, but was hindered by the lack of public transit to connect people to the city's downtown area. In 1880, trolley lines on Chicago Avenue were extended to 38th Street, connecting passengers to downtown. In 1926,

1378-646: The Minneapolis Warehouse Historic District in 1978, with portions spanning from 1st Avenue North to 10th Avenue North and from the Mississippi River to 6th Street North. It was recognized by the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. Homewood is a historically significant area in Willard-Hay, bounded by Plymouth Avenue to the north, Penn Avenue to the east, Oak Park Avenue to the south, and Xerxes Avenue to

1431-474: The Mississippi River and north of a combination of streets, highways, and rail lines running from 3rd Avenue Northeast on the southwest to I-35W on the southeast. Official neighborhoods of the Phillips community: Phillips is a south Minneapolis community adjacent to downtown Minneapolis. It is named after the 19th-century abolitionist Wendell Phillips . The Little Earth residential area, which has been

1484-599: The Neighborhood Revitalization Program (NRP) in the early 1990s. The NRP was initially a community-based program. It divided neighborhoods into three groups based on an evaluation of problem and need areas, then allocated funds accordingly. In 2012, the program lost its independent policy board and was absorbed under other city programs. The neighborhoods remain associated with the NRP and are also used for statistical purposes. For NRP purposes, some neighborhoods have combined forces, resulting in

1537-503: The area in the 1970s. The named district was an effort to give the neighborhood a fresh identity. The Old St. Anthony district, also called Northeast or the Riverfront District, straddles the neighborhoods of Marcy-Holmes and Nicollet Island/East Bank . It was the downtown for the city of St. Anthony before it joined Minneapolis in 1872. Several areas around the University of Minnesota have additional names. Dinkytown

1590-418: The areas of coverage of neighborhood associations activists formed between 1901 and the 1980s. Most of these neighborhoods are represented by one of 69 Neighborhood Associations, some of which cover multiple neighborhoods. In 2023, the organizations serving Beltrami and Northeast Park merged, taking the number down from 70. The division of the city into official neighborhoods and communities occurred as part of

1643-509: The bend in the Mississippi River, comprising neighborhoods in and near the downtown area. Official neighborhoods of the Longfellow community: Longfellow is a south Minneapolis community between Hiawatha Avenue and the western edge of the Mississippi River gorge . It is named after poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow . Official neighborhoods of the Near North community: Near North is northwest of downtown Minneapolis. Along with Camden,

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1696-747: The center of the American Indian Movement , is within the community. Official neighborhoods of the Powderhorn community: Powderhorn is a south Minneapolis community, named for the eponymous park and lake in its center. George Floyd Square at East 38th Street and Chicago is central border for the Bancroft, Bryant, Central, and Powderhorn Park neighborhoods. Official neighborhoods of the Southwest community: The Southwest community surrounds Lake Harriet in southwest Minneapolis and

1749-606: The city's Chain of Lakes is loosely labeled Southwest Minneapolis , bounded on the east by I-35W and on the north by 36th St W, which extends west from Bde Maka Ska to the city limits. Common conceptions of Minneapolis neighborhoods do not always align with official city maps. Residents on the borders of surrounding cities may sometimes say they live in a bordering community. Twin Cities residents and visitors frequently use generalized names based on geography, such as "North Minneapolis". What most people would consider North Minneapolis

1802-493: The community context in which programs serving the community function has an important influence on program sustainability and success. See table: According to Washington state 's Sustain South Sound organization, the top ten reasons to buy locally are: 38th Street (Minneapolis) 38th Street is a major east-west roadway in the U.S. city of Minneapolis and an officially designated cultural district in

1855-429: The cooperation of all its parts, while the individual will find in his associations the advantages of the help, sympathy, and fellowship of his neighbors. Putnam reported that many studies have shown that the highest predictor of job satisfaction is the presence of social connection in the workplace . He writes that "people with friends at work are happier at work." And that "social networks provide people with advice,

1908-677: The historic Black character of the area. The 38th and Chicago street intersection was the location of the murder of George Floyd by Derek Chauvin , a police officer with the Minneapolis Police Department . Chauvin, a white man, knelt on the neck of Floyd, an unarmed Black man, for about 9 minutes and 29 seconds, on May 25, 2020. Soon after Floyd's murder, people left memorials to him there. The street intersection soon transitioned to an occupation protests referred to as George Floyd Square as protesters erected barricades to block vehicular traffic and transformed

1961-564: The historic character of the 38th Street neighborhood changed in the 2000s with an influx of Latino residents, as the Black and White populations declined. In the 2010s, concerns about gentrification resulted in residents and city leaders seeking to preserve the historic cultural characteristics of the 38th Street corridor. In 2020, the murder of George Floyd took place outside the Cup Foods grocery store, which brought worldwide recognition of

2014-400: The intersection of East 38th Street and Fourth Avenue South since 1958. Its building was designated as a historic landmark in 2015. The historic Black business district was affected by construction of Interstate 35W highway in Minneapolis in 1959, which razed fifty square blocks and created a large gulf that cut across 38th Street and split the broader neighborhood in half. The character of

2067-507: The intersection of West Lake Street and Hennepin Avenue, but is not officially recognized as it includes parts of four neighborhoods: South Uptown , East Bde Maka Ska , East Isles , and Lowry Hill East . The Uptown Business Association focuses on the area within a few blocks of Lake and Hennepin, but the "Uptown" identity can stretch as far north as Franklin Avenue and as far east as Lyndale Avenue, where it merges into Lyn-Lake . Eat Street

2120-475: The neighborhood also changed as the population declined and the nearby Central High School closed in 1982. From the 1980s to the 2000s, the area was affected by rising crime, declining local economic conditions, and the crack cocaine epidemic . By the 2000s, many of the Black-owned business establishments that had a decades-long presence in the neighborhood closed. In the late 1900s and early 2000s,

2173-637: The population of both Whites and Blacks declined in the area. The area was repopulated by an influx of Latino families in search of affordable housing, and the Latino population surpassed that of either Whites or Blacks. In the 2010s, after generations of economic stagnation, several new businesses opened in the 38th Street corridor, some by White business owners that did not live in the neighborhood. Several new businesses opened in store fronts that had been boarded up and vacant several years prior. Concerns about gentrification led to debate about how to maintain

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2226-526: The river from Plymouth Avenue to Portland Avenue, but never really caught on locally. " Saint Anthony Main ", the name of a commercial development on Main Street Southeast, can refer to the section of the East Bank around it. More recently, people have come to call the West Bank between 3rd Avenue and the University "The Mill District ", though the historic locations of mills were on both sides of

2279-621: The river. Some neighborhoods enjoy nicknames. Lowry Hill East is also known as "The Wedge" because of its shape. Local amenities are also taken on as nicknames. "Minnehaha" refers to the area by Minnehaha Falls rather than along Minnehaha Avenue, as evidenced by the location of the Minnehaha Historic District. "Tower (Hill)", along University Avenue Southeast in Prospect Park , refers to the Witch's Hat Tower . Local community A local community has been defined as

2332-466: The same as the Ward boundaries, which are adjusted after each decennial census . Minneapolis consists of 83 neighborhoods. On creating the neighborhood designation, the city grouped these neighborhoods into 11 communities, containing between 4 and 13 neighborhoods each. The official neighborhoods have a variety of origins; some were formed out of the attendance areas for elementary schools, while others are

2385-545: The site of the murder of George Floyd . It lies between the neighborhoods of Bancroft , Bryant , Central , and Powderhorn Park . The area sits along the 38th street cultural district and features memorials, nonprofits, and businesses, acting as both a memorial space and a location for community organizing. As the Mississippi riverfront downtown has been redeveloped since the 1980s, there have been several attempts to rebrand it. The "Mississippi Mile" spanned both sides of

2438-539: The south Minneapolis area along 38th Street as part of the Great Migration , the northern movement of Blacks from rural southern states in the early 20th century. From the 1930s to the 1970s, the neighborhoods along East 38th Street in Minneapolis were the center of a thriving Black residential and business district in the city's south side, with many Black residents living in the area from East 34th to 46th streets south and from Nicollet to Chicago avenues. In

2491-420: The space with public art of Floyd and that of other racial justice themes. The occupation protest persisted for over a year. In 2015, residents and Minneapolis city counselors had begun planning for how to preserve African American history and culture in the area, and in 2019 local officials began the 3 8th Street Thrive! development plan to formally establish a 38th Street cultural district. As part of

2544-568: The turn of the 20th century. In 2020, city officials designated seven new cultural districts along major commercial corridors to promote racial equity, preserve cultural identity, and promote economic growth. Due to their location on major roads, many of these districts straddle borders between neighborhoods. The seven cultural districts are 38th Street , Cedar Avenue South, Central Avenue, East Lake Street , Franklin Avenue East, West Broadway, and Lowry Avenue North. Official neighborhoods of

2597-562: The two communities comprise north Minneapolis. Official neighborhoods of the Nokomis community: The Nokomis community is in south Minneapolis. It takes its name from Lake Nokomis . It includes Nokomis East , which refers to the four neighborhoods of Keewaydin, Minnehaha, Morris Park, and Wenonah that are represented by one neighborhood organization. Official neighborhoods of the Northeast community: The Northeast Community sits east of

2650-410: The west bank of the Mississippi River is considered North Minneapolis. The part of Minneapolis on the east bank of the Mississippi River is divided by East Hennepin Avenue into Northeast and Southeast, approximately aligned with the communities of Northeast and University , respectively. The entire area south of downtown is widely called South Minneapolis . The westerly portion surrounding

2703-560: The west. This area was central to the North Side Jewish community beginning in the early 1910s. It was designated by the city as the Homewood Historic District on February 28, 2017, due to its rich Jewish history. This designation sparked some controversy among Homewood residents. George Floyd Square , officially George Perry Floyd Square, is centered on the intersection of 38th Street and Chicago Avenue,

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2756-585: Was a 19th- and early 20th-century rail and truck shipping center for the region. In the 1970s and 1980s it became an artists' quarter, and then a nightlife and entertainment district, which the southern portion (between I-394 and Hennepin Ave) remains. The district is largely in the North Loop neighborhood, but the heart of the entertainment district is in Downtown West . The City designated some of this area

2809-464: Was named in honor of Clarissa Walker , a social activist and community leader in the mid-to-late 1900s. Launa Q. Newman Way : The length of 4th Avenue South between 36th Street and 42nd Street was named in honor of Launa Q. Newman who served as president of the Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder , a newspaper founded by her husband Cecil Newman , in the late 1900s. George Perry Floyd Square : The length of Chicago Avenue between 37th and 39th streets

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