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44-397: The Northern Busway is a segregated busway that runs along the eastern side of the Northern Motorway , part of State Highway 1 , in the north of Auckland , New Zealand, linking the North Shore with the northern end of the Auckland Harbour Bridge . As of May 2022, the busway consists of two-way lanes running between Albany Station and Akoranga Station, and from Akoranga Station

88-625: A bus lane in the center of Washington Street, a five lane one-way street downtown. The first bus lanes in Europe were established in 1963 in the German city of Hamburg , when the tram system was closed and the former dedicated tram tracks were converted for bus travel. Other large German cities soon followed, and the implementation of bus lanes was officially sanctioned in the German highway code in 1970. Many experts from other countries ( Japan among

132-519: A consultant to develop a Theming Manual for application across all major public transport stations to the Auckland Region. This provided a distinctive design signature to the region visually linking all public transport facilities. MARIO MADAYAG/Jasmax Architects were selected as winners for the competition with part of their benefit being their commission on this concept design exercise. The ARC separately engaged MARIO MADAYAG/Jasmax to develop

176-533: A motorway flyover between Constellation and Albany stations. Plans in 2008 included additional stations at Rosedale and Redvale. In December 2017, plans were released for a $ 70 million station at Rosedale, situated between the Albany and Constellation stations. The station would be sited on Arrenway Drive with platforms extending across Rosedale Road for bus transfers to other routes. A construction start date of mid-2019 and opening in 2021 were proposed. Resource consent

220-500: A number of urban arterials with bus and transit lanes, noncompliance rates were approaching 90%. Following enhanced enforcement of the lanes, noncompliance rates dropped and overall efficiency of the bus and transit lanes improved with an up to 12% increase in total passenger throughput in the lane. Average bus journey times dropped, in some cases, by up to 19%. Some cities, including San Francisco and New York, employ automated camera enforcement, using either stationary cameras adjacent to

264-413: A roadway which also has lanes serving general automotive traffic; in contrast to a transit mall which is a pedestrianized roadway also served by transit. The first bus lane is often erroneously attributed to Chicago , where in 1939 Sheridan Road was installed with reversible lanes north of Foster Avenue. The setup consisted of three-lanes towards the peak direction (south in the morning; north in

308-613: A southbound-only lane that joins the Harbour Bridge approaches just south of the Onewa Road on-ramp system. The busway previously ended at Constellation before an extension to Albany was constructed in 2022. Six stations provide access points for passengers to board; some stations have park and ride parking spaces; others have drop off and pick up zones only. City-bound Northern Express (NX1 and NX2) services commence from Hibiscus Coast Station or Albany Station ; from Albany,

352-527: Is a lane restricted to buses , generally to speed up public transport that would be otherwise held up by traffic congestion . The related term busway describes a roadway completely dedicated for use by buses, whilst bus gate describes a short bus lane often used as a short cut for public transport. Bus lanes are a key component of a high-quality bus rapid transit (BRT) network, improving bus travel speeds and reliability by reducing delay caused by other traffic. A dedicated bus lane may occupy only part of

396-600: Is expected to last through 2021. Ingenium was established through an act of Parliament (the Museums Act ) on July 1, 1990, and is governed by a board of trustees headed by a president and chief executive officer . The museum's reconstruction, "digital strategy" and change of name were documented in the TVOntario film "How to build a museum for the 21st century", broadcast in December 2018. Since 2007, Ingenium

440-572: Is supported by the Ingenium Foundation. The foundation achieved official charity status on April 1, 2008. In 2014, the Canada Science and Technology Museum was forced to close because of toxic mould pollution. Three years into the renovation, in 2017, the three museums under the Canada Science and Technology Museum Corporation, the museum's CEO Alex Benay announced the rebranding of the network to Ingenium. In September 2018,

484-776: The Canada Science and Technology Museum . The organization is headquartered in Ottawa , Ontario . The corporation's museums are associated with the Canadian Museum Association , the Virtual Museum of Canada and the Canadian Heritage Information Network . Ingenium has an open documents portal where the corporation shares working documents and corporate plans. It also maintains an open data portal. In 2016,

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528-596: The Government of Canada announced $ 150 million in funding to build the Ingenium Centre. This state-of-the-art facility is designed to protect and showcase Canada's national science and technology collection of 85,000 artifacts and nearly two million 2D artifacts. Construction started in 2017. The completed building is 36,000 m and almost 10 storeys high. The library, archives, conservation labs, workshops and staff moved in 2019 and early 2020. The artifact move

572-543: The Ingenium 'Excellence Award' (in the category for projects above NZ$ 2 million construction cost). In June 2010, the busway carried its 5 millionth passenger and was estimated to remove the equivalent of about 5,100 cars in the morning peak, with 80 buses per hour during peak times. By mid-2011, frequency of the Northern Express had risen to every three minutes during the morning peak hour, five minutes during

616-474: The 'shoulder peak'. In 2015, some Northern Express services were extended to Hibiscus Coast busway station (formerly named Silverdale Park and Ride). In 2017, Auckland Transport's projections indicated that the busway would reach maximum capacity in 2026, twenty years earlier than originally expected. AT's report said that increased patronage would "manifest in overcapacity conditions and poor operational performances" at Albany, Sunnynook and Akoranga stations. AT

660-657: The Netherlands mixed bus/cycle lanes are uncommon. According to the Sustainable Safety guidelines they would violate the principle of homogeneity and put road users of very different masses and speed behaviour into the same lane, which is generally discouraged. Some locations have allowed access to bus lanes to electric cars and/or hybrid cars . Oslo removed one such exception in 2017 following protests due to congestion in bus lanes. The large number of electric vehicles on Norwegian roads slowed buses, defeating

704-492: The Netherlands, buses are allowed to use reserved tram tracks , usually laid in the middle of the road and marked with the text "Lijnbus". In the United Kingdom bus gates are common in towns and cities. A bus gate consists of a short section of road that only buses and authorised vehicles (typically taxis) can pass through. They are normally marked with the same street signage as bus lanes, but have "BUS GATE" marked on

748-488: The Northern Motorway by around 500 cars each rush hour one month after opening, and about 39% of passengers on the Northern Express bus service had never used public transport before. The busway was initially used by 70 buses per hour during peak time. In 2008, the busway received the 'Shell Bitumen Excellence Award for a Major Roading Project' and the 'Roading New Zealand Supreme Award'. In June 2009, it received

792-597: The Onewa Road interchange, where it merges with the motorway for the Harbour Bridge . There are no dedicated bus lanes on the bridge itself. Its use is limited to Auckland Transport approved buses, emergency and maintenance vehicles. Since August 2021, SkyBus no longer operates in Auckland. The busway has been designed for possible use by car pools . The busway includes six dedicated stations, some with extensive park-and-ride car parks. Feeder bus services serve

836-793: The Theming Manuals within the set parameters of that project. The project ran in parallel with the busway station concept design exercise but was heavily integrated as the pedestrian overbridge, stair lift towers and waiting enclosure developed concepts for the Busway were integrated with the Theming Manual. Concept design for the busway was developed by MRCagney (formerly McCormick Rankin Cagney), with detailed design and consultation completed by Mario Madayag Architecture, Jasmax, Beca Group , Opus and Connell Wagner . Fletcher Construction

880-810: The United States is the Lincoln Tunnel XBL (exclusive bus lane) along the Lincoln Tunnel Approach and Helix in Hudson County, New Jersey , which carries approximately 700 buses per hour during morning peak times an average of one bus every 5.1 seconds. In contrast, the Cross-Harbour Tunnel in Hong Kong carries 14,500 buses per day, or an average of about 605 an hour all day (not just peak times), but

924-547: The bus lane must give way to all the other road users resulting in long queues of buses. Some residents and observers criticize bus lane plans and implementations because they take space from other vehicles or require road widening, which can require the use of eminent domain . Ingenium The corporation oversees the Canada Agriculture and Food Museum , the Canada Aviation and Space Museum and

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968-628: The bus lane, or cameras on the front of buses to automatically issue citations to vehicles obstructing the bus lane. Bus lanes give priority to buses, cutting down on journey times where roads are congested with other traffic and increasing the reliability of buses. The introduction of bus lanes can significantly assist in the reduction of air pollution . Bus lanes marked with colored pavement have been shown to reduce intrusions into bus lanes, speeding travel time and increasing bus reliability. Some network lengths of bus lanes in major cities, listed by buses per km of bus lane): The busiest bus lane in

1012-481: The busway and $ 84 million for the stations. The project was funded by Transit New Zealand , ARTA , Auckland City Council and North Shore City Council . The busway has two lanes for 6.2 km running parallel with the eastern side of the Northern Motorway from Albany Station to Akoranga Station at the Esmonde Road interchange, from where a one-way southbound bus lane extends a further 2.5 km to south of

1056-460: The busway lanes northwards between Constellation Station to Albany Station. This was completed in 2022. An extension towards Orewa in the north is being debated for the long-term future. It was originally expected to cost around NZ$ 500 million, although the success of the scheme has now sparked potentially more extensive schemes for between NZ$ 700 million and NZ$ 1.2 billion to at least Silverdale , with up to five tunnels and seven bridges, including

1100-575: The evening), and one contraflow lane . None of the lanes exclusively carried buses, but were designed to facilitate bus operations. In 1948, the East Side Trolley Tunnel in Providence, Rhode Island was converted to bus-only use and became the first dedicated busway in the United States, continuing to operate to this day. In 1956 Nashville became the first city to implement on-street bus lanes. Later that year, Chicago implemented

1144-608: The first) studied the German example and implemented similar solutions. On 15 January 1964 the first bus lane in France was designated along the quai du Louvre in Paris and the first contraflow lane was established on the old pont de l’Alma on 15 June 1966. On 26 February 1968 the first bus lane in London was put into service on Vauxhall Bridge . The first contraflow bus lane in the UK

1188-546: The lanes reduced travel time to Waitematā station from around one hour by car during peak hours to about half an hour by bus. In the reverse direction, NX1 and NX2 services leaving the city travel north to the Akoranga off-ramp, cross over the motorway, and enter Akoranga Station, from where they travel north on the busway lanes. The busway lanes are also an important transport link within the North Shore, where they are

1232-599: The main direction of travel, such as towards a downtown during morning rush hour traffic, with the buses using general purpose lanes in the other direction. Entire streets can be designated as bus lanes (such as Oxford Street in London, Princes Street in Edinburgh, or Fulton Street in Downtown Brooklyn ), allowing buses, taxis and delivery vehicles only, or a contra-flow bus lane can allow buses to travel in

1276-479: The nature of the proposed funding. McCormick Rankin undertook refined schematic design and the Busway Team focused on the community consultation and funding programmes. Original plans included a Northcote Point station proposed for Stafford Road, which Northcote residents lobbied against, and was removed from the plan in December 2000. The ARC held a regional Station Theming Design Competition in 2001 to select

1320-485: The often-congested Tristram Avenue via grade separation . The viaduct has 12 spans of 30 m each, with the foundation piles being 1.5 m thick. Cable ducts were placed beneath the busway during the construction in 2005, to provide for the future installation of electricity transmission cables. The cables installed in these ducts during 2012 and 2013 form part of a major upgrade to the security of supply to North Auckland and Northland. By 2015, plans were unveiled to extend

1364-442: The opposite direction to other vehicles. Some locations allow bicyclists or taxis to use bus lanes, however where bus or bicycle volumes are high, mixed traffic operations may result in uncomfortable conditions or delays. Certain other vehicles may also be permitted in bus lanes, such as taxis , high occupancy vehicles , motorcycles , or bicycles . Police , ambulance services and fire brigades can also use these lanes. In

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1408-631: The purpose of bus lanes. Bus lanes can become ineffective if weak enforcement allows use by unauthorized vehicles or illegal parking . Center-running bus lanes avoid the problem of private vehicles blocking the lane by double parking for loading of passengers or cargo. Evidence from the operation of urban arterials in Brisbane shows that a properly enforced bus lane, operating as designed without interference, can increase passenger throughput. In 2009 and 2010 traffic surveys showed that in Brisbane on

1452-493: The road surface, particularly at the beginning and end. Some cities use a diamond-shaped pavement marking to indicate an exclusive bus lane. The road surface may have a distinctive color, usually red, which has been shown to reduce prohibited vehicles from entering bus lanes. Road signs may communicate when a bus lane is in effect. Bus lanes may also be physically separated from other traffic using bollards, curbs, or other raised elements. In some cities, such as The Hague in

1496-470: The road surface. Bus gates are normally used as "short cuts" for public transport at junctions , roundabouts or through one-way systems . Bus lanes may have separate sets of dedicated traffic signals , to allow transit signal priority at intersections. Peak-only bus lanes are enforced only at certain times of the day, usually during rush hour , reverting to a general purpose or parking lane at other times. Peak-only bus lanes may be in effect only in

1540-550: The spine of the bus-based public transport system. Prior to 2000, indicative scheme and station planning was undertaken by International Transport Planning Consultants (McCormick Rankin International) who were engaged by Serco on behalf of Transit. In 2000, the North Shore Busway Office was established with a team to focus both on the overall scheme as well as the station components. This reflected

1584-679: The stations, allowing transfer. The stations are (north to south): All stations provide shelters and cycle parking – with glass walls, low planting, night lighting and CCTV to enhance security. Located in Silverdale , this station was originally a park and ride before being converted into a busway. It was officially opened as a busway station in February 2021. The station has services Waiwera , Orewa , Gulf Harbour , Manly and, Warkworth . Located in Albany . The Albany park and ride station

1628-512: The world's first bus rapid transitway . Upon opening, the 7-mile (11 km) busway featured specialized stations, signal priority , grade separation , and was expanded to 14 miles (23 km) by 1980. By 1972 there were over 140 kilometres (87 mi) of with-flow bus lanes in 100 cities within OECD member countries, and the network grew substantially in the following decades. The El Monte Busway between El Monte and Downtown Los Angeles

1672-408: Was cancelled after local residents petitioned and protested against the scheme – claiming that it would increase traffic on neighbourhood streets. The busway was officially opened in February 2008 after several years of construction, though the Albany and Constellation stations had been operating since December 2005 using the normal Northern Motorway lanes. It was credited with reducing peak traffic on

1716-401: Was granted in 2020 and construction of the new station is expected to begin in late 2024. The Northern Busway's usage is tracking towards capacity being reached by 2030. Auckland Transport have studied the future mass transit needs for the North Shore, with light rail being determined the most flexible mode compared to other rail-based options. Bus lane A bus lane or bus-only lane

1760-455: Was introduced in King's Road, Reading as a temporary measure when the road was made one-way (eastwards to Cemetery Junction) on 16 June 1968. The initial reason was to save the expense of rerouting the trolleybus , which was due to be scrapped on 3 November of that year. However the experiment proved so successful that it was made permanent for use by motor buses. In October 1971 Runcorn opened

1804-534: Was investigating a range of improvements, including lengthening station platforms. A decision on a timeline for conversion of the busway to a rail link was expected to be announced before the end of 2017. In the 12 months to December 2018, the busway carried nearly 6 million passengers. In May 2022 the extension of the busway between Constellation and Albany was opened. The busway became fully operational in 2009, with some final sections being completed with little publicity, for around NZ$ 290–294 million: $ 210 million for

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1848-722: Was opened in November 2005. Located near Constellation Drive. Construction for a park and ride began in 2003 and was finished in November, 2005. Located in Sunnynook . Construction began in 2005 and finished in February 2008. Located in Takapuna , it has a customer service centre. Akoranga bus station is located in Northcote . Major related structures are the new Esmonde Interchange (including large-scale improvements for general traffic) and Tristram Avenue Viaduct, which crosses

1892-461: Was responsible for construction. Akoranga, Smales Farm, and Sunnynook stations were built by NZ Strong Construction . Difficulties encountered included the nearby residential areas, the predominantly soft ground, and environmental efforts to protect New Zealand dotterel breeding grounds. Construction employed around 300 people at its peak, with around a million man-hours being invested, including shifts during 512 nights. A proposed station at Onewa

1936-516: Was the first dedicated busway in the US, constructed in 1974. Bus lanes may be located in different locations on a street, such as on the sides of a street near the curb, or down the center. They may be long, continuous networks, or short segments used to allow buses to bypass bottlenecks or reduce route complexity, such as in a contraflow bus lane. Bus lanes may be demarcated in several ways. Descriptive text such as "BUS LANE" may be marked prominently on

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