78-621: Inactive or defunct The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine ( PSPU ) is a banned, pro-Russian political party in Ukraine led by Nataliya Vitrenko . The party was represented in Ukraine's national parliament between 1998 and 2002. The party is considered neo-communist and wants to restore state ownership of industry and workers' democracy in Ukraine. Due to ideological ties to Dugin , it has also been described by some observers as being National Bolshevik . The Progressive Socialist Party
156-610: A set-term lease agreement was signed in 1997. On 10 July 1993, the Russian parliament passed a resolution declaring Sevastopol to be "a federal Russian city". At the time, many supporters of President Boris Yeltsin had ceased taking part in the parliament's work. On 20 July 1993, the United Nations Security Council denounced the decision of the Russian parliament. According to Anatoliy Zlenko , it
234-534: A "people's mayor" and said it would not recognise orders from Kyiv . After Russia annexed Crimea, the Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol replaced the City Council. Within the Russian municipal framework , the territory of the federal city of Sevastopol is divided into nine municipal okrugs and the town of Inkerman . While individual municipal divisions are contained within the borders of
312-486: A December 2018 survey by IranPoll, 63.8% of Iranians have a favorable view of Russia. Diana Șoșoacă , a prominent figure in S.O.S. Romania , has garnered significant support on the social media platform Telegram . Many of her supporters on the platform express Russophile sentiments. Russia is popular in Serbia , and many Serbs have traditionally seen Russia as a close ally due to shared Slavic heritage, culture, and
390-878: A Russian puppet state or a satellite state . The People's Republic of China under the leadership of the Communist Party has supported the Russian Federation closely following international sanctions after Russia invaded Ukraine . China had close ties with the Soviet Union prior to the Sino-Soviet split , owing to ideological kinship between the two communist states. Previous anti-Russian sentiment in China has greatly downgraded, due to perceived common anti-Western sentiment among Russian and Chinese nationalists. Ethnic Russians are one of
468-467: A chairman (also known as mayor) appointed by the Ukrainian president. The Sevastopol City Council is the legislature of Sevastopol. Sevastopol is administratively divided into four districts: On 18 March 2014, Russia claimed to have annexed Crimea with Sevastopol being administered as a federal city of Russia, the others being Moscow and St. Petersburg . The head of the executive branch in
546-476: A popular seaside resort and tourist destination, mainly for visitors from the former Soviet republics . The city is also an important centre for marine biology research. In particular, the military has studied and trained dolphins in the city for military use since the 1960s. The name of Sevastopolis was originally chosen following the same etymological trend as other cities in the Crimean peninsula; it
624-643: A stalemate as well. The front settled into the siege of Sevastopol , involving brutal conditions for troops on both sides. Sevastopol finally fell after eleven months, after the French had assaulted Fort Malakoff . Isolated and facing a bleak prospect of invasion by the West if the war continued, Russia sued for peace in March 1856. France and Britain welcomed the development, owing to the conflict's domestic unpopularity. The Treaty of Paris , signed on 30 March 1856, ended
702-699: A survey conducted by the Carter Center China Focus in April 2022, approximately 75% of respondents agreed that supporting Russia in the war in Ukraine was in China's best interest. In the first days of the Russian invasion of Ukraine , the nationalistic Little Pink movement drew international attention for their role in contributing to the mostly pro-war, pro-Russia sentiments on the Chinese internet. The Communist movement in Finland during
780-628: A title to his successors. The city was probably named after Empress (" Augusta ") Catherine II of the Russian Empire who founded Sevastopol in 1783. She visited the city in 1787, accompanied by Joseph II , the Emperor of Austria, and other foreign dignitaries. In the west of the city, there are well-preserved ruins of the ancient Greek port city of Chersonesos , founded in the 5th century BC by settlers from Heraclea Pontica . This name means "peninsula", reflecting its immediate location. It
858-634: A year later. During the Soviet era, Sevastopol became a so-called " closed city ". This meant that any non-residents had to apply to the authorities for a temporary permit to visit the city. On 29 October 1948, the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian SFSR issued an ukaz (order) which confirmed the special status of the city. Soviet academic publications since 1954, including
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#1732797576482936-419: Is 15–16 °C (59–61 °F) during the day and around 9 °C (48 °F) at night. In the coldest months, January and February, the average temperature is 5–6 °C (41–43 °F) during the day and around 1 °C (34 °F) at night. In the warmest months, July and August, the average temperature is around 26 °C (79 °F) during the day and around 19 °C (66 °F) at night. Generally,
1014-438: Is considered a neo-communist party, defined as an East European socialist party that distances itself from reformist post-communist parties. The party supports the economic and social principles of communism while criticising the capitalist transition, post-Soviet democratisation and European integration. The party is considered to represent a distinctive, radical form of left-wing, socialist populism. The party describes itself as
1092-1102: Is not related to the ancient Greek name for the Crimean Peninsula as a whole: Chersonēsos Taurikē ("the Taurian Peninsula"). The name of the city is spelled as: Chersonesus founded in 6th century BC Hellenic Colonies 6th century BC – 480 BC Bosporan Kingdom 480 BC – 107 BC Kingdom of Pontus 107 BC – 63 BC Roman Republic 63 BC – 27 BC Roman Empire 27 BC – 330 Byzantine Empire 330 – 1204 Empire of Trebizond 1204 – 1461 Principality of Theodoro 1461 – 1475 Crimean Khanate 1475 – 1783 (Ottoman vassal from 1478 to 1774) Russian Empire 1783 – 1917 Founded as Sevastopol in 1783 Russian Republic 1917 Russian SFSR ( Soviet Union from 1922) 1917 – 1942 Nazi Germany 1942 – 1944 ( de facto ) Russian SFSR ( Soviet Union ) 1944 – 1954 Ukrainian SSR ( Soviet Union ) 1954 – 1991 Ukraine 1991 – 2014 ( de facto ; de jure – 1991–present) Russian Federation 2014 – present ( de facto ) In
1170-613: The Great Soviet Encyclopedia , indicated that Sevastopol, Crimean Oblast was part of the Ukrainian SSR . In 1954, under Nikita Khrushchev , both Sevastopol and the remainder of the Crimean peninsula were administratively transferred from being territories within the Russian SFSR to being territories administered by the Ukrainian SSR. Administratively, Sevastopol was a municipality excluded from
1248-653: The 2007 parliamentary elections the party failed once more to enter the parliament, its result dropped to 1,32%. In the run-up to the 2010 presidential election the Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine refused to join the Bloc of Left and Center-left Forces since it did not want to be in the same election bloc as the Socialist Party of Ukraine . Instead the party tried to nominate Natalia Vitrenko again as their candidate in that election but
1326-607: The 2012 parliamentary elections . In 2011, the PSPU decided to join the People's Front for Russia . The party did not participate in the 2014 parliamentary elections . The party took part in the October 2015 Ukrainian local elections as part of the umbrella party Left Opposition . In the 2020 local elections the party did not nominate candidates for deputies at all except for a candidate for mayor of Romny . On 20 March 2022,
1404-607: The Battle of Sevastopol . German forces used railway artillery —including history's largest-ever calibre railway artillery piece in battle, the 80-cm calibre Schwerer Gustav —and specialised mobile heavy mortars to destroy Sevastopol's extremely heavy fortifications, such as the Maxim Gorky Fortresses . After fierce fighting, which lasted for 250 days, the fortress city finally fell to Axis forces in July 1942. It
1482-570: The CIS . On 28 July 1993, one of the leaders of the Russian Society of Crimea, Viktor Prusakov, said that his organisation was ready for an armed mutiny and the establishment of Russian administration of Sevastopol. In September, the commander of the joint Russian-Ukrainian Black Sea Fleet, Eduard Baltin , accused Ukraine of converting some of his fleet and conducting an armed assault on his personnel and threatened to take countermeasures placing
1560-598: The Central Election Commission of Ukraine refused to register her for failure to pay the required 2.5 million hryvnya nomination deposit. Eventually the Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine supported Party of Regions leader Viktor Yanukovych in the runoff of the 2010 presidential election. During the 2010 Ukrainian local elections , the party only won three representatives in the Sevastopol municipality . The party did not participate in
1638-631: The Cold War inclined towards pro-Soviet tendencies, of which the Taistoist movement was especially pro-Soviet. The Finnish political party Power Belongs to the People (VKK) was unique in its strong support of Russia, being the only pro-Russian party in Finland as of 2022. It protested against sanctions on Russia and supported the 2022 invasion of Ukraine . The party has since dissasociated from
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#17327975764821716-766: The Crimean mountains are represented in Sevastopol, the southern chain by the Balaklava Highlands, the inner chain by the Mekenziev Mountains, and the outer chain by the Kara-Tau Upland (Black Mountain). Sevastopol has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cfa ). Due to the summer mean straddling 22 °C (72 °F) it borders on a four-season oceanic climate , with cold winters and warm summers. The average yearly temperature
1794-523: The EU and uses left-wing rhetoric. PSPU traditionally campaigns on an anti- NATO , anti- IMF and pro-Russian platform. During the 1998 parliamentary elections the party won 4.04% of the vote and 16 seats. The party's candidate for the 1999 presidential elections , Nataliya Vitrenko , came 4th, with 10.97% of the vote in the first round. The party's parliamentary faction was dissolved in February 2000. At
1872-525: The Eurasian Economic Community (including its Customs Union ); the protection of the non-aligned status of Ukraine; abolition of NATO exercises in Ukraine; asserting the Russian language status as an official language beside Ukrainian ; the annulment of former President Viktor Yushchenko 's decrees on awarding the title of Hero of Ukraine to Stepan Bandera and Roman Shukhevych . The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine
1950-509: The Indonesian invasion of East Timor . Russophiles are also found among the political left , who support Russia due to inaugural Indonesian president Sukarno 's closeness to the Soviet Union. Pro-Russian sentiment is especially strong among members of the governing Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle , led by Sukarno's daughter Megawati Sukarnoputri , who publicly criticized Ukraine and president Volodymyr Zelenskyy . According to
2028-700: The Muslim world . Public animosity towards the West has resulted from the wars waged in Afghanistan and Iraq by the US and its allies, and their perceived neglectful treatment of the Palestinians in the territories occupied by Israel . Some Indonesians have positively compared support for Russian president Vladimir Putin in the Russo-Ukrainian War to support for former president Suharto in
2106-717: The Orthodox faith . According to the European Council on Foreign Relations , 54% of Serbians see Russia as an ally. In comparison, 11% see the European Union as an ally, and only 6% see the United States in the same manner. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, People's Patrol , a far-right group, organized pro-Russian rallies in Belgrade , which were attended by 4,000 people. In 2017,
2184-678: The Russian invasion of Ukraine , these numbers surged. A YouGov poll found nearly 62% of Republicans preferred Vladimir Putin over Joe Biden , noting that the former was a stronger leader than the latter. Many notable Republicans, including former President Donald Trump , television presenter Tucker Carlson , and incumbent Georgia Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene have all expressed admiration for Russia and its leaders. Favorable perceptions of Russia in Vietnam have 83% of Vietnamese people viewing Russia's influence positively in 2017. This stems from historic Soviet support of Vietnam during
2262-591: The Ukrainian SSR elected to the Verkhovna Rada , A. Korovchenko and M. Kulakov. In 1957, the town of Balaklava was incorporated into Sevastopol. Following Ukraine 's declaration of independence from the USSR in 1991, Sevastopol became the principal base of the Ukrainian navy . As the key naval base of the former Soviet Black Sea Fleet , it was a source of tensions for Russia–Ukraine relations until
2340-600: The United Nations General Assembly consider the referendum illegal and illegitimate. On 18 March, Russia annexed Crimea , incorporating the Republic of Crimea and federal city of Sevastopol as federal subjects of Russia . However, the annexation remains internationally unrecognised, with most countries recognizing Sevastopol as a city with special status within Ukraine. While Russia has taken de facto control of Sevastopol and Crimea,
2418-642: The Vietnam War . [REDACTED] Media related to Russophiles at Wikimedia Commons Sevastopol Sevastopol ( / ˌ s ɛ v ə ˈ s t oʊ p əl , s ə ˈ v æ s t ə p oʊ l / ), sometimes written Sebastopol , is the largest city in Crimea and a major port on the Black Sea . Due to its strategic location and the navigability of the city's harbours, Sevastopol has been an important port and naval base throughout its history. Since
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2496-558: The legislative elections on 30 March 2002 , the party established the Nataliya Vitrenko Bloc alliance, including the Party of Educators of Ukraine ( Ukrainian : Партія Освітян України ). It won 3.22% of the votes, little short of passing the 4% threshold needed to enter the Verkhovna Rada . PSPU was a vocal opponent of President Leonid Kuchma but supported Viktor Yanukovych , Ukrainian prime minister since 2002, during
2574-841: The 19th century, Russophilia was often linked to variants of pan-Slavism , since the Russian Empire and autonomous Serbia were the only two Slavic sovereign states during and after the Springtime of Nations . In politics the term has been used to describe politicians and political parties that support their nations having stronger or closer relations to Russia and/or support a number of Russia's domestic and foreign policies. Some Russophilic politicians may also support russification of their country (especially in former Soviet states or Soviet satellite states ) such as Alexander Lukashenko . The Armenian Revolutionary Federation , Republican Party of Armenia and Prosperous Armenia are
2652-540: The 2004 elections. After the Orange Revolution of 2004, the party joined the opposition to new president Viktor Yushchenko in a coalition with the " Derzhava " (State) party led by former Ukrainian prosecutor Gennady Vasilyev. In the March 2006 parliamentary elections, the party again failed to gain any seats in Parliament, participating as People's Opposition Bloc of Natalia Vitrenko winning 2,93%. At
2730-513: The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine . A survey by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology in 2016 found that 67% of Ukrainians had a positive attitude to Russians, but that only 8% had a positive attitude to the Russian government. 41% of Ukrainians had a "good" attitude towards Russians (42% negatively), while in general 54% of Russians had a positive attitude towards Ukraine, according to an October 2021 poll of
2808-570: The 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. According to a 2019 survey by the Pew Research Center , 71% of Russians have a favourable view of China. A YouGov survey conducted in the same year found that 71% of the Chinese think Russia has a positive effect on world affairs. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, many social media users in China showed sympathy for Russian narratives due in part to distrust of US foreign policy . According to
2886-534: The 6th century BC, a Greek colony was established in the area of the modern-day city. The Greek city of Chersonesus existed for almost two thousand years, first as an independent democracy and later as part of the Bosporan Kingdom . In the 13th and 14th centuries, it was sacked by the Golden Horde several times and was finally totally abandoned. The modern day city of Sevastopol has no connection to
2964-719: The Black Sea. After extended preparations, allied forces landed on the peninsula in September 1854 and marched to a point south of Sevastopol after winning the Battle of the Alma on 20 September. The Russians counterattacked on 25 October in what became the Battle of Balaclava and were repulsed, but the British Army 's forces were seriously depleted as a result. A second Russian counterattack, at Inkerman in November, ended in
3042-555: The PSPU was one of several political parties suspended by the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine , along with Derzhava , Left Opposition, Nashi , Opposition Bloc , Opposition Platform — For Life , Party of Shariy , Socialist Party of Ukraine , Union of Left Forces , and the Volodymyr Saldo Block. In June 2022 various court proceedings tried to ban
3120-629: The Russophilic political party , the Party of Regions , became the largest party in the Verkhovna Rada in the 2006 Ukrainian parliamentary election , receiving 33% of the votes. It would remain a dominant force in Ukrainian politics, until the 2014 Revolution of Dignity . Following the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine , the overall attitude of Ukrainians towards Russia and Russians has become much more negative, with most Ukrainians favoring NATO and European Union membership . Their views on Russia would further deteriorate following
3198-632: The adjacent Crimean Oblast . The territory of the municipality was 863.5 km and it was further subdivided into four raions (districts). Besides the City of Sevastopol proper, it also included two towns—Balaklava (having had no status until 1957), Inkerman, urban-type settlement Kacha, and 29 villages. For the 1955 Ukrainian parliamentary elections on 27 February, Sevastopol was split into two electoral districts, Stalinsky and Korabelny (initially requested three Stalinsky, Korabelny, and Nakhimovsky). Eventually, Sevastopol received two people's deputies of
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3276-557: The administrative districts, they are not otherwise related to the administrative districts. Apart from navy-related civil facilities, Sevastopol hosts some other notable industries. An example is Stroitel, a major plastic manufacturer. There are different types of transport in Sevastopol: Sevastopol Shipyard comprises three facilities that together repair, modernise, and re-equip Russian Naval ships and submarines. The Sevastopol International Airport
3354-653: The amount of compensation it is paying to the city of Sevastopol for hosting the foreign Russian Black Sea Fleet, instead of requesting such compensation from the Russian government and the Russian Ministry of Defense in particular. On 27 April 2010, Russia and Ukraine ratified the Russian Ukrainian Naval Base for Gas treaty , which extended the Russian Navy's lease of the Crimean facilities for 25 years after 2017 (through 2042) with
3432-491: The ancient and medieval Greek city other than geographical location, but the ruins are a popular tourist attraction located on the outskirts of the city. Sevastopol was founded in June 1783 as a base for a naval squadron under the name Akhtiar ( White Cliff ), by Rear Admiral Thomas MacKenzie (Foma Fomich Makenzi), a native Scot in Russian service; soon after Russia annexed the Crimean Khanate . Five years earlier, Alexander Suvorov ordered that earthworks be erected along
3510-478: The antithesis of that pitiable European petty-state politics and nervousness, with which the foundation of the German Reich has entered its crucial phase..." in his 1895 book The Antichrist . A poll conducted in summer 2022 shows that Indians most frequently named Russia their most trusted partner, with 43% naming Russia as such compared to 27% who named the US. Support for Russia remains high among Indonesians, owing to Moscow's perceived ties to Muslims and
3588-411: The bigger Sevastopol Bay . The ruins of ancient Chersonesus were situated to the west. The newly built settlement became an important naval base and later a commercial seaport . In 1797, under an edict issued by Emperor Paul I , the military stronghold was again renamed Akhtiar. Finally, on 29 April (10 May), 1826, the Senate returned the city's name to Sevastopol. In 1803 to 1864 along with Mykolaiv
3666-425: The city administratively separate from the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the Republic of Crimea , respectively. The city's population has an ethnic Russian majority and a substantial minority of Ukrainians and Crimean Tatars . Sevastopol's unique naval and maritime features have been the basis for a robust economy. The city enjoys mild winters and moderately warm summers, characteristics that help make it
3744-404: The city is the Governor of Sevastopol . According to the city charter, amended on 29 November 2016, the governor is elected in a direct election for a term of five years and no more than two consecutive terms. The current governor is Mikhail Razvozhayev . During the annexation of Ukrainian Crimea by Russia , the pro-Russian City Council threw its support behind Russian citizen Alexei Chaly as
3822-417: The city was part of Nikolayev–Sevastopol Military Governorate. From 1853 to 1856, the Crimean peninsula's strategic position in controlling the Black Sea caused it to be the site of the principal engagements of the Crimean War , where Russia lost to a French-led alliance. After a minor skirmish at Köstence (now Constanța ), the allied commanders decided to attack Sevastopol as Russia's main naval base in
3900-421: The city's founding in 1783 it has been a major base for Russia's Black Sea Fleet . During the Cold War of the 20th century, it was a closed city . The total administrative area is 864 square kilometres (334 sq mi) and includes a significant amount of rural land. The urban population, largely concentrated around Sevastopol Bay , is 479,394, and the total population is 547,820. Sevastopol, along with
3978-399: The claim, threatening negotiations. In response, Ukraine proposed a "special partnership" with NATO in January 1997. In May 1997, Russia and Ukraine signed the Russian–Ukrainian Friendship Treaty , ruling out Moscow's territorial claims to Ukraine. This was followed by the Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet on 28 May 1997. A separate agreement established
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#17327975764824056-515: The connections to Russia after Ano Turtiainen was replaced by Antti Asikainen. The Finnish political activist Johan Bäckman is known for his pro-Russian views and he has recruited Finns to fight for Russia in the war with Ukraine. Bäckman later joined the VKK, led by Ano Turtiainen . Some members of the Finns Party also held pro-Russian views. German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche described Russia as "the only power that has durability in it, which can wait, which can still produce something...
4134-485: The country's population. According to an interview made by the Ukrainian "Rada" TV channel , former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Boris Johnson is a Russophile, admiring Russian language and culture, even after the Russian invasion of Ukraine . Many members of the Republican Party in the United States express positive views on Russia. A 2017 poll highlighted that around 32% of respondents had favorable views of Russian president Vladimir Putin . Following
4212-433: The fleet on alert. (In June 1992, the Russian president Yeltsin and the Ukrainian president Leonid Kravchuk had agreed to divide the former Soviet Black Sea Fleet between Russia and Ukraine. Eduard Baltin had been appointed commander of the Black Sea Fleet by Yeltsin and Kravchuk on 15 January 1993.) The Moscow mayor Yury Luzhkov to claim the city, and in December 1996, the Russian Federation Council officially endorsed
4290-413: The harbour and Russian troops be placed there. In February 1784, Catherine the Great ordered Grigory Potemkin to build a fortress there and call it Sevastopol. The realisation of the initial building plans fell to Captain Fyodor Ushakov who in 1788 was named commander of the port and of the Black Sea squadron . The city was established on the western shore of Southern Bay which branches away from
4368-541: The inhabitants of the Serbian village of Adžinci renamed their village Putinovo , in honor of Vladimir Putin. Following Ukrainian independence in 1991, in the 1991 Ukrainian independence referendum 92% (including 55% of ethnic Russians ) voted for independence from Moscow, but some Ukrainians, mostly in the east and south of the country, voted to see a more Russophile attitude of the government , ranging from closer economic partnership to full national union. Russia and Ukraine had especially close economic ties, and
4446-403: The international community considers the area as part of Ukraine. The city of Sevastopol is located at the southwestern tip of the Crimean peninsula in a headland known as Heracles peninsula on a coast of the Black Sea . The city is designated a special city-region of Ukraine which besides the city itself includes several of its outlying settlements. The city itself is concentrated mostly in
4524-430: The location of the Russian Black Sea Fleet headquarters, and the Ukrainian Naval Forces Headquarters were also located in the city. A judicial row periodically continued over the naval hydrographic infrastructure both in Sevastopol and on the Crimean coast (especially lighthouses historically maintained by the Soviet and Russian Navy and also used for civil navigation support). As in the rest of Crimea, Russian remained
4602-442: The main Pro-Russian political parties in Armenia . Belarus has close political and economic ties with Russia, both being part of the Union State , the Collective Security Treaty Organization , the Commonwealth of Independent States , and the Eurasian Economic Union , due to their shared Soviet heritage. Following the 2020-2021 Belarusian protests and the Russian invasion of Ukraine , many observers have described Belarus as
4680-425: The means of production and an economy based on social justice, described as the elimination of unemployment and the distribution of material goods to their direct creators. The party also calls for "a society in which the free development of each is a condition for the free development of all, committing itself to establishing workers' democracy in enterprises, guaranteeing state ownership of basic industries and halting
4758-534: The new government in Kyiv following the overthrow of the president, Viktor Yanukovych . On 27 February, pro-Russian militia, including Russian troops, seized control of government buildings in Crimea, and by 28 February, controlled other strategic locations such as the military airport in Sevastopol. On 16 March 2014, an internationally unrecognised referendum was held in Sevastopol with official results claiming an 89.51% turnout and 95.6% of voters choosing to join Russia. Ukraine and almost all other countries of
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#17327975764824836-451: The only "true Marxist" party in Ukraine and campaigns on a strongly nostalgic, anti-Western platform. It accuses the IMF of colonizing Ukraine and argues for expulsion of all western advisers from Ukraine. The party's ideological discourse is strongly anti-capitalism, anti-market and also anti-NATO. PSPU considers the economic transformation of Ukraine into a capitalist economy to be a social regression. The party calls for state ownership of
4914-453: The option to prolong the lease in five-year extensions. The ratification process in the Ukrainian parliament encountered stiff opposition and even resulted in a brawl in the parliament chamber. Eventually, the treaty was ratified by a 52% majority vote—236 of 450. The Russian Duma ratified the treaty by a 98% majority. On 23 February 2014, a pro-Russian rally took place in Nakhimov Square declaring allegiance to Russia and protesting against
4992-410: The parties suspended on 20 March 2022. The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine was one of two parties that actively opposed its banning. (The other party was Opposition Platform — For Life .) On 27 September 2022, the final appeal against the party's ban was dismissed by the Supreme Court of Ukraine , meaning that the party was fully banned in Ukraine. The party favored Ukraine's full-scale entry in
5070-468: The predominant language of the city, although following the independence of Ukraine there were some attempts at Ukrainisation , with very little success. Russian society in general and even some outspoken government representatives never accepted the loss of Sevastopol and tended to regard it as temporarily separated from Russia. In July 2009, the chairman of the Sevastopol city council, Valeriy Saratov ( Party of Regions ), said that Ukraine should increase
5148-400: The privatisation process and halting the decline of kolkhozes and sovkhozes". The party has close ties with the Eurasian Youth Union and its leader Aleksandr Dugin . Russophilia Russophilia is the admiration and fondness of Russia (including the era of the Soviet Union and/or the Russian Empire ), Russian history , and Russian culture . The antonym is Russophobia . In
5226-450: The region is mostly rocky, in a series of smaller bays, a great number of which are located within the Bay of Sevastopol. The biggest of them are Southern Bay (within the Bay of Sevastopol), Archer Bay, a gulf complex that consists of Deergrass Bay, the Bay of Cossack, Salty Bay, and many others. There are over thirty bays in the immediate region. Three rivers flow through the region: the Belbek, Chorna, and Kacha. All three mountain chains of
5304-402: The rest of Crimea, is internationally recognised as part of Ukraine , and under the Ukrainian legal framework, it is administratively one of two cities with special status (the other being Kyiv ). However, it has been occupied by Russia since 27 February 2014, before Russia annexed Crimea on 18 March 2014 and gave it the status of a federal city of Russia . Both Ukraine and Russia consider
5382-447: The second half of May and the first half of October; the average sea temperature is about 17 °C (63 °F). The average rainfall is about 400 millimetres (16 in) per year. There are about 2,345 hours of sunshine duration per year. According to the Constitution of Ukraine , Sevastopol is administered as a City with special status . Executive power in Sevastopol is exercised by the Sevastopol City State Administration , led by
5460-435: The summer/holiday season lasts 5 months, from around mid-May and into September, with the temperature often reaching 20 °C (68 °F) or more in the first half of October. The average annual temperature of the sea is 14.2 °C (58 °F), ranging from 7 °C (45 °F) in February to 24 °C (75 °F) in August. From June to September, the average sea temperature is greater than 20 °C (68 °F). In
5538-459: The terms of a long-term lease of land, facilities, and resources in Sevastopol and the Crimea by Russia. Russia kept its naval base, with around 15,000 troops stationed in Sevastopol. The ex-Soviet Black Sea Fleet and its facilities were divided between Russia's Black Sea Fleet and the Ukrainian Naval Forces . The two navies co-used some of the city's harbours and piers, while others were demilitarised or used by either country. Sevastopol remained
5616-587: The war and forbade Russia from basing warships in the Black Sea. This hampered the Russians during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 and in the aftermath of that conflict, Russia moved to reconstitute its naval strength and fortifications in the Black Sea. During World War II , Sevastopol withstood intensive bombardment by the Germans in 1941–42, supported by their Italian and Romanian allies during
5694-549: The western portion of the region and around the long Bay of Sevastopol . This bay is a ria , a river canyon drowned by Holocene sea-level rise, and the outlet of Chorna River . Away in a remote location southeast of Sevastopol is located the former city of Balaklava (since 1957 incorporated within Sevastopol), the bay of which in the Soviet era served as a main port for the Soviet diesel-powered submarines. The coastline of
5772-544: Was created by Nataliya Vitrenko , a then dissident member of the Socialist Party of Ukraine (SPU) in April 1996. She led a group of more radical SPU members who opposed what they regarded as revisionist tendencies in the Socialist Party. In October 1995 they had left that party. The Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine is a party that supports the Eurasian Economic Union as an alternative to
5850-628: Was described to have a "clearly leftist" platform. Its campaign slogan was "We shall build a Soviet and Socialist Ukraine!". The party was considered Russophile, and campaigned for a "strategic partnership" of Ukraine with Russia and Belarus, while strongly rejecting the prospect of cooperating with either the European Union or NATO. The party was least popular in Western regions, but it had considerable support in South Ukraine. The party
5928-637: Was intended to be renamed to " Theodorichshafen " (in reference to Theodoric the Great and the fact that Crimea had been home to Germanic Goths until the 18th or 19th century) in the event of a German victory against the Soviet Union, and like the rest of Crimea was designated for future colonisation by the Third Reich. It was liberated by the Red Army on 9 May 1944 and was awarded the Hero City title
6006-592: Was intended to express its ancient Greek origins. It is a compound of the Greek adjective, σεβαστός ( sebastós , Byzantine Greek pronunciation: [sevasˈtos] ; 'venerable') and the noun πόλις ( pólis , 'city'). Σεβαστός is the traditional Greek equivalent (see Sebastian ) of the Roman honorific Augustus , originally given to the first emperor of the Roman Empire, Augustus and later awarded as
6084-601: Was the first time that the council had to review and qualify actions of a legislative body. On 14 April 1993, the Presidium of the Crimean Parliament called for the creation of the presidential post of the Crimean Republic. A week later, the Russian deputy, Valentin Agafonov, said that Russia was ready to supervise a referendum on Crimean independence and include the republic as a separate entity in
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