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48-606: In order to maintain Japan's peace and order and protect human life and property, it was tasked to manage and operate the NPR, and to carry out affairs related to this, as well as to carry out security and rescue affairs at sea. In addition, the SSF, which was an affiliated organization, was responsible for maintaining public order at sea, violating laws and regulations, investigating and detecting crimes, arresting, and rescuing marine accidents. It

96-454: A Chinese-inspired legal system known as ritsuryō was enacted in the late Asuka period and early Nara period . It described a government based on an elaborate and rational meritocratic bureaucracy, serving, in theory, under the ultimate authority of the emperor ; although in practice, real power was often held elsewhere, such as in the hands of the Fujiwara clan , who intermarried with

144-707: A person designated by the Secretary may dispatch a unit for relief if he / she finds it unavoidable at the request of the prefectural governor. However, in the event of a fire or other disaster in or near the government building, premises or other facilities of the National Safety Agency, troops may be dispatched without waiting for the request set forth in the same paragraph (neighborhood dispatch). Prime Minister%27s Office (Japan) The Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kantei (内閣総理大臣官邸) or Prime Minister's Office

192-615: Is 'Prime Minister'. This English translation was informally used as the English translation of 'Grand Minister' before the introduction of the cabinet system. However, this was not the original English translation of 'Prime Minister', and a German translation, ' Minister President of the State' , was also used in the past. Before the adoption of the Meiji Constitution , Japan had in practice no written constitution . Originally,

240-774: Is also the location of a national crisis management center. The 1st floor contains a press conference room where the Prime Minister and the Chief Cabinet Secretary hold press conferences. On the 4th floor there is a room where the Cabinet holds meetings, summits, etc. The 5th floor has the Prime Minister's Office, their Reception Room, the Chief Cabinet Secretary's office and reception room. A new five-storied office building

288-492: Is diagonally adjacent to the National Diet Building . The term Kantei is used as a metonym for the office of the Prime Minister of Japan and for the Prime Minister's advisors and administration in general. In addition to being the principal office of the Prime Minister, the building also serves as the principal office of the Chief Cabinet Secretary and their Deputy, the location of Cabinet meetings, and

336-506: Is nominated by both houses of the Diet , before the conduct of any other business. For that purpose, each conducts a ballot under the run-off system. If the two houses choose different individuals, then a joint committee of both houses is appointed to agree on a common nominee. Ultimately, however, if the two houses do not agree, the decision of the House of Representatives is deemed to be that of

384-645: Is the head of government of Japan . The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its ministers of state. The prime minister also serves as the commander-in-chief of the Japan Self Defence Forces and is a sitting member of either house of the National Diet (typically the House of Representatives ). The emperor appoints as prime minister

432-862: Is the official workplace of the Prime Minister of Japan . It is commonly referred to as Shushō Kantei ( 首相官邸 ) , or simply Kantei ( 官邸 ) . Unlike many other famous offices or palaces of heads of states, such as the Kremlin in Russia or the White House in the United States , the Japanese Prime Minister's Office has no nickname. Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kantei literally translates to "Prime Minister's Office" in English . Located at 2-3-1 Nagata-chō , Chiyoda-ku , Tokyo 100–8968, it

480-454: The DPJ -led cabinets, Kan and Noda Cabinets after the 2010 upper house election ; cf. Nejire Kokkai /"twisted Diets"). Unlike most of his counterparts in constitutional monarchies, the prime minister is both de jure and de facto chief executive. In most other constitutional monarchies, the monarch is at least nominal chief executive, while being bound by convention to act on the advice of

528-546: The Hata Cabinet in 1994 and at least numerically the Second Hashimoto Cabinet of 1996 during its first year, but with an extra-cabinet cooperation (閣外協力, kakugai kyōryoku ) agreement with two parties, sufficient to ensure safe majorities for most government initiatives), and several cabinets with a majority in the House of Representatives, but without legislative majority of their own (most recently

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576-532: The Heian period and until briefly under the Meiji Constitution with the appointment of Sanjō Sanetomi in 1871. The office was replaced in 1885 with the appointment of Itō Hirobumi to the new position of Minister President of State, four years before the enactment of the Meiji Constitution, which mentions neither the Cabinet nor the position of Prime Minister explicitly. It took its current form with

624-668: The Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kōtei ( 内閣総理大臣公邸 ) , the Prime Minister's personal residential quarters. With the evolution of a national parliament after the Meiji Restoration and the establishment of the post of "Prime Minister of Japan" in 1885, the need for an official prime ministerial residence was felt. On the encouragement of Prime Minister Tanaka Giichi , the first residence was completed on 18 March 1929. It incorporates architectural styles such as Art Deco and expressionist architecture which became popular from

672-510: The emperor at the Tokyo Imperial Palace . Conventionally, the prime minister is almost always the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives, or the leader of the senior partner in the governing coalition. But there have been three cabinet prime ministers from junior coalition partners ( Hitoshi Ashida : 1948, Morihiro Hosokawa : 1993 and Tomiichi Murayama : 1994), a few minority governments (most recently

720-615: The imperial family in the Heian period , or by the ruling shōgun . Theoretically, the last ritsuryō code, the Yōrō Code enacted in 752, was still in force at the time of the Meiji Restoration . Under this system, the Daijō-daijin ( 太政大臣 , Chancellor of the Realm) was the head of the Daijō-kan (Department of State), the highest organ of Japan's pre-modern Imperial government during

768-681: The 1st or 2nd Chief of Staff regarding the preparation of various policies and basic implementation plans regarding the National Safety Forces and the Coastal Security Forces, and the Chief of the First Staff or the Chief of Staff regarding matters concerning the National Safety Forces or the Coastal Security Forces. He assisted the Secretary in approval of the policies and basic implementation plans prepared by

816-455: The Diet. If the House of Councillors does not make a nomination within 10 days of the House of Representatives' nomination, the House of Representatives' nomination becomes the Diet's decision. Therefore, the House of Representatives can theoretically ensure the appointment of any prime minister it wants. The nominee is then presented with his or her commission, and formally appointed to office by

864-675: The Ground Staff Office) and the Second Staff Office (predecessor of the Maritime Staff Office) were established as the secretary's staff organization regarding the duties of the Guard. The Prime Minister may order the dispatch of all or part of the National Safety Forces or the Coastal Security Forces in the event of an emergency, if he / she finds it particularly necessary to maintain security. When

912-624: The Japan Coast Guard's main body (other than security and rescue) was promulgated on 31 July 1952 by the Japan Coast Guard Law. Became the Marine Public Security Bureau, an organization attached to the National Safety Agency, and the name of the coast guard officer was changed to Marine Public Security Officer to maintain security at sea. However, the main body of the Japan Coast Guard, which is

960-514: The Japan Coast Guard. The Security Agency Law (Law No. 265 of 31 July 1952) was enacted at the 13th National Diet session on 31 July 1952, and was promulgated on the same day. Enforced on the day. According to Article 4 of the National Safety Agency Law, The National Safety Agency manages, operates, and operates units that act in special needs to maintain peace and order in our country and protect human lives and property. It

1008-624: The Japanese government maintains two Boeing 777 , which replaced the Boeing 747-400 also in 2019. The aircraft is also used by the emperor , the members of the imperial family, and other high-ranking officials. They have the radio callsigns Japanese Air Force One and Japanese Air Force Two when operating on official business, and Cygnus One and Cygnus Two when operating outside of official business (e.g., on training flights). The aircraft always fly together on government missions, with one serving as

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1056-493: The National Diet is closed or the House of Representatives is dissolved, approval must be sought promptly at the first Diet convened thereafter. The Prime Minister shall promptly order the withdrawal of the National Safety Forces or the Coastal Security Forces when there is a disapproval vote or when there is no need to dispatch. When the situation is tense and it is predicted that an order to issue an order will be issued,

1104-652: The National Safety Agency Law, such provisions would come into effect on 15 October 1952, and the National Police Reserve and police officers belonging to the National Safety Forces would be in charge of the National Safety Agency from 1 August 1952 to 14 October 1952. In addition, the Japan Coast Guard's National Security Forces became the Safety Security Force (predecessor of the Maritime Self-Defense Force ), and

1152-428: The National Safety Forces or the Guard in consultation with the relevant Prefectural Public Safety Commission. be able to. The Prime Minister may order the dispatch of troops if he / she finds it unavoidable at the request of the prefectural governor. When the prefectural governor finds that the situation has subsided and it is no longer necessary to dispatch the unit, he must promptly request the Prime Minister to withdraw

1200-586: The Prime Minister orders the dispatch, he / she must submit it to the National Diet within 20 days from the date of ordering the dispatch and seek its approval. The Secretary may, when he / she finds that there is a special need in the case of a dispatch order for all or part of the Coastal Security Force, put all or part of the Maritime Public Security Bureau under the control of the Coastal Security Force. However, if

1248-1036: The Second Staff Chief and general supervision by the Secretary regarding the duties of the National Safety Forces or the Coastal Security Forces. The Commissioner of the Japan Coast Guard is the Minister of State , and is the Deputy Secretary of State , the Deputy Secretary and the Secretariat, the Security Bureau, the Personnel Bureau, the Accounting Bureau, the Equipment Bureau, and two staff superintendents. The Department (predecessor of

1296-403: The Secretary will, with the approval of the Prime Minister, the National Safety Forces or the Coastal Security Force when he / she finds it necessary to deal with this. It is possible to issue a dispatch standby order to all or part of. When the prefectural governor finds it unavoidable to maintain a serious situation in terms of security, he / she requests the Prime Minister to dispatch a unit of

1344-835: The administrative authority, strongly opposes and resists the law prepared by the legislature for two years, and the establishment of the Defense Agency and the Ground Self-Defense Force, the Maritime Self-Defense Force, and the Air Self-Defense Force With the inauguration, the Maritime Public Security Bureau Law was abolished on 1 July 1954, and the main body of the Japan Coast Guard was not integrated and will continue to exist as

1392-560: The adoption of the Constitution of Japan in 1947. To date, sixty-five men have served this position. The longest-serving prime minister to date is Shinzo Abe , who served in non-consecutive two terms for 8 years, 267 days: from 26 September 2006 until 26 September 2007, and from 26 December 2012 until 16 September 2020. The shortest-serving prime minister to date is Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni , who served for fifty-four days: from 17 August until 9 October 1945. The prime minister

1440-591: The bounds of cabinet collective responsibility , the Japanese Cabinet is effectively an extension of the prime minister's authority. Located near the Diet building, the Office of the Prime Minister of Japan is called the Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kantei ( 内閣総理大臣官邸 ) . The original Kantei served from 1929 until 2002, when a new building was inaugurated to serve as the current Kantei. The old Kantei

1488-662: The building. By the 1990s, the old 5,200 square metres (56,000 sq ft) building was deemed cramped and insufficient. It underwent seismic retrofitting and internal renovation. Prime Minister of Japan Naruhito [REDACTED] Fumihito [REDACTED] Shigeru Ishiba ( LDP ) Second Ishiba Cabinet ( LDP – Komeito coalition ) [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Fukushiro Nukaga Kōichirō Genba [REDACTED] Masakazu Sekiguchi Hiroyuki Nagahama Saburo Tokura Kazuo Ueda The prime minister of Japan ( Japanese : 内閣総理大臣 , Hepburn : Naikaku Sōri-Daijin )

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1536-471: The cabinet. In contrast, the Constitution of Japan explicitly vests executive power in the Cabinet, of which the prime minister is the leader; this greatly enhances the prime minister's position compared to prime ministers in other parliamentary democracies. His countersignature is required for all laws and Cabinet orders. While most ministers in parliamentary democracies have some freedom of action within

1584-431: The first of whom was Itō Hirobumi taking office on 22 December 1885. The longest-serving prime minister was Shinzo Abe , who served over eight years, and the shortest-serving was Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni , who served fifty-four days. The current prime minister is Shigeru Ishiba , who succeeded Fumio Kishida on 1 October 2024, following the 2024 Liberal Democratic Party presidential election . In Japanese, due to

1632-524: The late Taishō period to the early Shōwa period . It was heavily influenced by the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright , in particular his design for the second Tokyo Imperial Hotel . It is a two-storied mansion designed by Muraji Shimomoto , of the Ministry of the Treasury (now Ministry of Finance ). Prime Minister Tanaka is said to have exclaimed, "This is just like a café, isn't it?", upon seeing

1680-506: The part of the prime minister (for example, Kiichi Miyazawa ). The Prime Minister also awards individuals in recognition of their accomplishments in sport, entertainment, and other fields. Some of the awards and commendations offered include the Prime Minister's Award, created by Eisaku Satō in 1966, and the People's Honour Award , created by Takeo Fukuda in 1977. Additionally, the PM also presents

1728-523: The person who is nominated by the National Diet (the parliament). The prime minister must retain the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office. The prime minister lives and works at the Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kantei (Prime Minister's Official Residence) in Nagatachō , Chiyoda , Tokyo , close to the National Diet Building . Sixty-five men have served as prime minister,

1776-427: The primary transport and the other serving as a backup with maintenance personnel on board. The aircraft are officially referred to as Japanese government exclusive aircraft ( 日本国政府専用機 , Nippon-koku seifu sen'yōki ) . Until the mid-1930s, the prime minister of Japan was normally granted a hereditary peerage ( kazoku ) prior to leaving office if he had not already been ennobled. Titles were usually bestowed in

1824-418: The ranks of count , viscount or baron , depending on the relative accomplishments and status of the prime minister. The two highest ranks, marquess and prince , were only bestowed upon highly distinguished statesmen, and were not granted to a prime minister after 1928. The last prime minister who was a peer was Baron Kijūrō Shidehara , who served as Prime Minister from October 1945 to May 1946. The peerage

1872-788: The senior second rank posthumously. Certain distinguished prime ministers have been posthumously raised to the first rank; the last such award was to Eisaku Sato in 1975. Since the 1920s, following their tenure in office, Prime ministers have typically been conferred with the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers (until 2003 a special higher class of the Order of the Rising Sun), depending on tenure and eminence. However, honours may be withheld due to misconduct or refusal on

1920-506: The special nature of the work of the head of government, the prime minister's titles vary depending on context, sometimes demonstrating his/her role. Since the inception of the cabinet system , the prime minister is known in Japanese as Naikaku Sōri-Daijin (内閣総理大臣) whenever he is referred to as the head of the Cabinet. However, this title is usually abbreviated to Sōri-Daijin (総理大臣). Other abbreviations include Sōri (総理), Shushō (首相) or even Saishō (宰相). The official English rendering

1968-415: The unit. The Prime Minister shall promptly order the withdrawal of troops at the request of the prefectural governor or when he / she finds that it is no longer necessary to dispatch troops. When the prefectural governor makes a request, he / she must promptly report to the council of the prefectural government after the situation has subsided. The Secretary may, with the approval of the Prime Minister, order

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2016-454: The units of the Guard to take necessary actions at sea if there is an urgent need to protect human life or property at sea or maintain security. A prefectural governor or any other person specified by a Cabinet Order may request the Secretary or a person designated by him / her to dispatch a unit when he / she finds it necessary to protect human life or property in the event of a natural disaster, earth disaster or other disaster. The Secretary or

2064-587: Was abolished when the Constitution of Japan came into effect in May 1947. Certain eminent prime ministers have been awarded the Order of the Chrysanthemum , typically in the degree of Grand Cordon. The highest honour in the Japanese honours system, the Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum, has only been conferred upon select prime ministers and eminent statesmen; the last such award to a living prime minister

2112-459: Was built in 2002, with 2.5 times the floor space. Installed with solar panels and a rainwater storage system , the new building has been designed to minimize environmental impact. The new residence went into service in April 2002 In an April 2015 incident , a Phantom 2 drone carrying traces of radiation was found on the roof of the PM's office. The former office building is now known as

2160-686: Was established as an external agency of the Prime Minister's Office , which integrates the National Police Reserve, the Coast Guard of the Japan Coast Guard, and the Safety Security Guard. However, since a preparation period was required for the reorganization of the National Police Reserve into the National Safety Forces (predecessor of the Ground Self-Defense Force ), under the provisions of

2208-645: Was the duty to carry out the affairs related to security and rescue at sea. According to the original National Safety Agency Law, the maximum number of employees of the National Safety Agency (excluding employees working at the Maritime Public Security Bureau) (excluding those who are hired for a period of up to two months, those who are on leave and those who are part-time) Was 119,947, of which 110,000 were sheriffs and 7,590 were guards (later maritime self-defense officers). The Secretary's Office and each bureau shall give instructions to

2256-403: Was then converted into the Official Residence, or Kōtei ( 公邸 ) . The Kōtei lies to the southwest of the Kantei, and is linked by a walkway. The prime minister of Japan travels in a Toyota Century . The Lexus LS 600h L , which served as the prime minister's official car from 2008 to 2019, became a spare/alternative vehicle used by the Prime Minister till present. For overseas air travel,

2304-403: Was to Saionji Kinmochi in 1928. More often, the Order of the Chrysanthemum has been a posthumous distinction; both the Collar and Grand Cordon of the order were last awarded posthumously to former prime minister Shinzo Abe in July 2022. After relinquishing office, the prime minister is normally accorded the second or senior third rank in the court order of precedence, and is usually raised to

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