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62-699: The federal government first actively engaged in emergency management by passing the Congressional Relief Act of 1803, which provided relief after a devastating fire in Portsmouth, New Hampshire . For about the next 150 years, the federal government took a reactive role in emergency response until passing the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 . No comprehensive plan for federal emergency response existed until 1979, when President Jimmy Carter signed an executive order creating

124-1039: A boardwalk and Hampton Beach Casino Ballroom . Rye features several undeveloped beaches such as Odiorne Point State Park and contains New Hampshire's portion of the Isles of Shoals . Seabrook contains Seabrook Greyhound Park and the Seabrook Nuclear Power Plant , the last nuclear plant opened in the United States. School districts include: There is also a privately endowed, publicly funded school, Pinkerton Academy in Derry. Towns in Rockingham County that send their public high school students to Pinkerton, other than Derry, include: Auburn, Candia, Chester, and Hampstead. Prior to 1978 Londonderry sent its high schoolers to Pinkerton. Previously Auburn and Candia sent high school students to

186-479: A female householder with no husband present, and 28.90% were non-families. 22.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.11. In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.40% under the age of 18, 6.20% from 18 to 24, 32.80% from 25 to 44, 24.40% from 45 to 64, and 10.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

248-473: A female householder with no husband present, and 52.7% were non-families. 39.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.03, and the average family size was 2.75. In the city, the population was spread out, with 16.6% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 27.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

310-485: A fire hazard. As a result, the Portsmouth Housing Authority proposed the destruction of approximately 200 buildings, a school, and a church and redevelopment for commercial, industrial, and public use, rather than for residences. The project would displace approximately 300 families as a result. In 1968, Portsmouth Preservation Inc., a preservation organization was formed to attempt to save some of

372-627: A guide for individual states to develop individual Emergency Operation Plans known as the Guide for All Hazards Emergency Operations Planning. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), which was formed following the September 11 attacks , absorbed FEMA when it was established in 2003. The DHS administered the plan when in came into effect in December 2004. Within the United States, the responsibility for natural disaster planning and response follows

434-657: A long symbiotic relationship with Kittery, Maine , across the Piscataqua River. In 1781–1782, the naval hero John Paul Jones lived in Portsmouth while he supervised construction of his ship Ranger , which was built on nearby Badger's Island in Kittery. During that time, he boarded at the Captain Gregory Purcell house , which now bears Jones' name, as it is the only surviving property in

496-559: A majority since Lyndon B. Johnson . The county is divided between the Democratic stronghold that is the Seacoast Region, and the conservative western portions of the county. Rockingham County is one of only thirteen counties to have voted for Obama in 2008, Romney in 2012, Trump in 2016, and Biden in 2020. The executive power of Rockingham County's government is held by three county commissioners, each representing one of

558-599: A nine-member at-large City Council to serve as the city's primary legislative body. The candidate who receives the most votes is designated the Mayor (currently Deaglan McEachern), while the candidate receiving the second-highest vote total is designated the Assistant Mayor (currently Joanna Kelley). While the mayor and council convene to establish municipal policy, the City Manager (currently Karen Conard) oversees

620-474: A progression in which responsibility first falls on local governments. When a local government has exhausted its resources, it then requests specific additional resources from the county level. The request process then proceeds similarly from the county to the state to the federal government as additional resource needs are identified. In the event of a large-scale emergency, DHS assumes primary responsibility for ensuring that response professionals are prepared. This

682-663: A publicly funded bus network in the Seacoast region of New Hampshire and neighboring Maine including service in, to and from Portsmouth. C&J is a private intercity bus carrier connecting Portsmouth with coastal New Hampshire and Boston, as well as direct service to New York City. Wildcat Transit , operated by the University of New Hampshire , provides regular bus service to the UNH campus in Durham and intermediate stops. The service

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744-595: Is 110 feet (34 m) above sea level, within Pease International Airport. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Portsmouth has a warm-summer humid continental climate , abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Portsmouth was 104 °F (40.0 °C) on August 2, 1975, while the coldest temperature recorded was −26 °F (−32.2 °C) on January 22, 1984. Portsmouth

806-471: Is a county in the U.S. state of New Hampshire . As of the 2020 census , the population was 314,176, making it New Hampshire's second-most populous county. The county seat is Brentwood . Rockingham County is part of the Boston - Cambridge - Newton , MA -NH Metropolitan Statistical Area and the greater Boston- Worcester -Providence, MA-RI- NH - CT Combined Statistical Area . Per the 2020 census , it

868-399: Is crossed by Interstate 95 , U.S. Route 1 , U.S. Route 4 , New Hampshire Route 1A , New Hampshire Route 16 , and New Hampshire Route 33 . Boston is 55 miles (89 km) to the south, Portland, Maine , is 53 miles (85 km) to the northeast, and Dover, New Hampshire , is 13 miles (21 km) to the northwest. The Cooperative Alliance for Seacoast Transportation (COAST) operates

930-582: Is divided among the 25th through 31st Rockingham districts. Politically, Portsmouth is a center of liberal politics and a stronghold for the Democratic Party. Ronald Reagan was the last Republican presidential nominee to carry the city in his 1984 landslide reelection. In 2016, Portsmouth voted 67.70% for Hillary Clinton in the presidential election , 62.53% for Colin Van Ostern in the gubernatorial election , 64.48% for Maggie Hassan in

992-486: Is free for students, faculty and staff and $ 1.50 for the general public. Amtrak 's Downeaster train service, is available in Dover and Durham , nearby to the northwest. Allegiant Air offers scheduled airline service from Portsmouth International Airport at Pease (PSM). Portsmouth's sister cities are: Portsmouth also has friendly relations with: Rockingham County, New Hampshire Rockingham County

1054-453: Is intended to prevent the negative consequences of uncoordinated responses by local, state, and federal agencies during emergencies. The plan was updated on May 25, 2006. The notice of change stated the update "emerged from organizational changes within DHS, as well as the experience of responding to Hurricanes Katrina, Wilma, and Rita in 2005." On September 10, 2007, DHS released a draft copy of

1116-514: Is the shortest ocean coastline of any state in the U.S. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has an area of 795 square miles (2,060 km ), of which 695 square miles (1,800 km ) are land and 100 square miles (260 km ) (13%) are water. Its highest point is Nottingham Mountain, at 1,340 feet (410 m), in Deerfield . As of the census of 2010, there were 295,223 people, 115,033 households, and 79,832 families living in

1178-460: Is the sole city in Rockingham County, but the fourth-largest municipality, with fewer people than the towns of Derry , Londonderry , and Salem . As of the census of 2010, there were 21,233 people, 10,014 households, and 4,736 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,361.1 people per square mile (525.5 people/km ). There were 10,625 housing units at an average density of 681.1 per square mile (263.0/km ). The racial makeup of

1240-527: The 2010 United States census , Rockingham County was split between 8 state senate districts: Strawbery Banke Museum in Portsmouth is a collection of historic buildings from the 17th through 19th centuries. Canobie Lake Park , in Salem , is an amusement park that opened in 1902. Rockingham Park racetrack, which featured weekly horse racing until 2009, was also in Salem. The site of the former track, next to

1302-646: The British Royal Navy was coming to capture the port. Although Fort William and Mary protected the harbor, the Patriot government moved the capital inland to Exeter , which ensured that it would be under no threat from the Royal Navy, which bombarded Falmouth (now Portland, Maine ) instead on October 18, 1775. Portsmouth was the destination for several of Beaumarchais's ships containing materiel , such as artillery, tents, and gunpowder, to help

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1364-574: The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). FEMA was first charged to absorb emergency response duties from multiple agencies with disjointed plans. In 1988 the Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act became law. The Stafford Act established a system of federal assistance to state and local governments and required all states to prepare individual Emergency Operations Plans. Also,

1426-614: The Mall at Rockingham Park , is being redeveloped as Tuscan Village, a mixed-use development . America's Stonehenge , which claims to be a pre-Columbian collection of stone structures, is in northern Salem. Derry was home to poet Robert Frost , who taught at nearby Pinkerton Academy . His home, the Robert Frost Farm , has been preserved as a state park . Rockingham County is also home to New Hampshire's entire seacoast and features several popular resort towns. Hampton Beach has

1488-794: The National Response Framework as a replacement for the National Response Plan. The plan was replaced by the National Response Framework on March 22, 2008. Portsmouth, New Hampshire Portsmouth is a city in Rockingham County, New Hampshire , United States. At the 2020 census it had a population of 21,956. A historic seaport and popular summer tourist destination on the Piscataqua River bordering

1550-498: The National Trust for Historic Preservation named Portsmouth one of the "Dozen Distinctive Destinations". The compact and walkable downtown on the waterfront draws tourists and artists, who each summer throng the cafes, restaurants and shops around Market Square. Portsmouth annually celebrates the revitalization of its downtown (in particular Market Square) with Market Square Day, a celebration dating back to 1977, produced by

1612-492: The census of 2000, there were 277,359 people, 104,529 households, and 74,320 families living in the county. The population density was 399 inhabitants per square mile (154/km ). There were 113,023 housing units at an average density of 163 per square mile (63/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 96.80% White , 0.58% Black or African American , 0.18% Native American , 1.11% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 0.38% from other races , and 0.92% from two or more races. 1.19% of

1674-502: The gubernatorial election , and 68.50% for Carol Shea-Porter in the congressional election . In March 2014, Portsmouth became the first municipality in New Hampshire to implement protections for city employees from discrimination on the basis of gender identity, by a 9–0 vote of the city council. Tertiary institutions: Portsmouth School District is the public school district of the community. Private schools: The city

1736-413: The senatorial election , and 62.16% for Carol Shea-Porter in the congressional election . In 2014, Portsmouth voted 70.05% for Maggie Hassan in the gubernatorial election , 67.34% for Jeanne Shaheen in the senatorial election , and 68.34% for Carol Shea-Porter in the congressional election . In 2012, Portsmouth voted 67.56% for Barack Obama in the presidential election , 70.16% for Maggie Hassan in

1798-643: The 1905 signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth which ended the Russo-Japanese War . Though US President Theodore Roosevelt orchestrated the peace conference that brought Russian and Japanese diplomats to Portsmouth and the Shipyard, he never came to Portsmouth, relying on the Navy and people of New Hampshire as the hosts. Roosevelt won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize for his diplomacy in bringing about an end to

1860-550: The American revolutionary effort. African Americans helped defend Portsmouth and New England during the war. In 1779, 19 enslaved African Americans from Portsmouth wrote a petition to the state legislature and asked that it abolish slavery, in recognition of their war contributions and in keeping with the principles of the Revolution. The legislature tabled their petition. New Hampshire abolished slavery in 1857, by which time

1922-622: The English port of Portsmouth , Hampshire , after which New Hampshire is named. When Queen Anne's War ended in 1712, Governor Joseph Dudley selected the town to host negotiations for the 1713 Treaty of Portsmouth , which temporarily ended hostilities between the Abenaki Indians and the colonies of Massachusetts Bay and New Hampshire. In 1774, in the lead-up to the Revolution , Paul Revere rode to Portsmouth warning that

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1984-682: The Stafford Act authorized the Director of FEMA to prepare a Federal Response Plan (FRP). The FRP brought together multiple organizations to assist states with disaster preparedness and response and was augmented by the National Contingency Plan (NCP) through the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The NCP, in existence since 1968, was initially a blueprint for responding to oil spills, but

2046-496: The United States associated with him. Built by the master housewright Hopestill Cheswell, an African American, it has been designated as a National Historic Landmark . It now serves as the Portsmouth Historical Society Museum. The Portsmouth Naval Shipyard , established in 1800 as the first federal navy yard, is on Seavey's Island in Kittery, Maine. The base is famous for being the site of

2108-518: The area was Martin Pring in 1603. The Piscataqua River is a tidal estuary with a swift current, but forms a good natural harbor. The west bank of the harbor was settled by European colonists in 1630 and named Strawbery Banke , after the many wild strawberries growing there. The village was protected by Fort William and Mary on what is now New Castle Island . Strategically located for trade between upstream industries and mercantile interests abroad,

2170-399: The city was 91.5% White , 1.7% African American , 0.2% Native American , 3.5% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.7% some other race, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population. There were 10,014 households, out of which 20.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.5% were headed by married couples living together, 8.3% had

2232-431: The city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top ten employers in the city are: The Portsmouth Downtown Historic District encompasses the city's historic urban core and Market Square. The city has a vibrant restaurant culture. In 2023, it was reported that the city had 36,000 restaurant seats for a population of 22,000. The Seacoast United Phantoms are a soccer team based in Portsmouth. Founded in 1996,

2294-593: The city's day-to-day operations. Portsmouth is part of New Hampshire's 1st congressional district , currently represented by Democrat Chris Pappas . Portsmouth is part of the Executive Council 's 3rd district, currently represented by Republican Janet Stevens . In the State Senate , Portsmouth is represented by Democrat Rebecca Perkins Kwoka . In the State House of Representatives , Portsmouth

2356-400: The county was $ 26,656. About 3.10% of families and 4.50% of the population were below the poverty line , including 5.00% of those under age 18 and 6.40% of those age 65 or over. Rockingham County has historically been a Republican stronghold, but the county is now competitive. Three Democratic presidential nominees have won it since 1964, including Joe Biden in 2020, who was the first to win

2418-401: The county. The population density was 425.0 inhabitants per square mile (164.1/km ). There were 126,709 housing units at an average density of 182.4 per square mile (70.4/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 95.5% white, 1.7% Asian, 0.7% black or African American, 0.2% American Indian, 0.6% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 2.1% of

2480-534: The environment in the event of a hazardous material release or emergency through the NCP. President Bill Clinton appointed James Lee Witt as the head of FEMA in 1992. Witt substantially changed FEMA to adopt an all-hazards approach to emergency planning. Clinton elevated Witt to a cabinet-level position, giving the Director access to the President. In October 1994, the Stafford Act was amended to incorporate most of

2542-459: The formation of Merrimack County . In 1844, its area was further reduced by the formation of Belknap County to the northwest. In 1997, the county court facilities were moved to Brentwood , a rural town adjacent to Exeter. The county occupies the southeastern corner of the state of New Hampshire, and it contains the state's easternmost point. The county contains all of New Hampshire's Atlantic coast, which, at approximately 18 miles (29 km),

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2604-664: The former Civil Defense Act of 1950. In 1996 the Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP) was signed into law. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and FEMA prepared a plan outlining the federal government's response for peacetime radiological emergencies within the U.S. or its territories. These emergencies could occur at fixed nuclear facilities or during the transportation of radioactive materials, mishaps with nuclear weapons at military research facilities, satellites returning to earth, or terrorist attacks. By 1996, FEMA developed

2666-425: The historic building stock in the area slated for redevelopment. After bitter fighting and preservation advocacy, just fourteen houses were saved and mostly moved to an area known today as “The Hill”. This preservation was only the beginning, and eventually efforts conspired to created the afformentioned historic district. Urban renewal was many events that led to its creation. Portsmouth shipbuilding history has had

2728-776: The institution was effectively extinct in the state. Thomas Jefferson 's 1807 embargo against American trade with Britain severely disrupted New England's trade with Canada , and several local businessmen went bankrupt. Portsmouth was host to numerous privateers during the War of 1812 . In 1849, Portsmouth was incorporated as a city. Once one of the nation's busiest ports and shipbuilding cities, Portsmouth expressed its wealth in fine architecture. It has significant examples of Colonial , Georgian , and Federal style houses, some of which are now museums. Portsmouth's heart has stately brick Federalist stores and townhouses, built all-of-a-piece after devastating early 19th-century fires. The worst

2790-413: The mills. It shifted growth to the new mill towns. The port of Portsmouth declined, but the city survived Victorian -era doldrums, a time described in the works of Thomas Bailey Aldrich , particularly in his 1869 novel The Story of a Bad Boy . In the 20th century, the city founded a Historic District Commission, which has worked to protect much of the city's irreplaceable architectural legacy. In 2008,

2852-577: The non-profit Pro Portsmouth, Inc. This emphasis on historic preservation and revitalization was the result of much pain and destruction. Portsmouth is largely walkable due to its network of streets and tight blocks filled with preserved Revolution-era homes. However, like many other cities all over the region (and nation), Portsmouth was hit by Urban Renewal, a planning tool used nationwide to provide Federal funds to address “urban blight” and revitalize downtown cores after decades of suburbanization and loss of tax revenue. An urban renewal district for Portsmouth

2914-438: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 18.1% were of Irish , 14.6% English , 11.8% Italian , 10.5% French , 8.0% French Canadian , 6.0% German and 5.6% American ancestry. 94.3% spoke English , 1.8% French and 1.3% Spanish as their first language. There were 104,529 households, out of which 35.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.50% were married couples living together, 8.20% had

2976-448: The population were below the poverty line , including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over. Heinemann USA is based in Portsmouth. Before its dissolution, Boston-Maine Airways (Pan Am Clipper Connection), a regional airline, was also headquartered in Portsmouth. Companies with headquarters in Portsmouth include packaged software producer Bottomline Technologies and frozen yogurt maker Sweet Scoops. According to

3038-492: The population. In terms of ancestry, 26.9% were Irish , 19.0% were English , 14.8% were Italian , 9.7% were German , 7.3% were French Canadian , 5.6% were Polish , and 3.8% were American . Of the 115,033 households, 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.6% were non-families, and 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size

3100-506: The port prospered. Fishing, lumber and shipbuilding were principal businesses of the region. Enslaved Africans were imported as laborers as early as 1645 and were integral to building the city's prosperity. Portsmouth was part of the Triangle Trade , which made significant profits from slavery. At the town's incorporation in 1653, it was named "Portsmouth" in honor of the colony's founder, John Mason . He had been captain of

3162-567: The state of Maine , Portsmouth was formerly the home of the Strategic Air Command 's Pease Air Force Base , since converted to Portsmouth International Airport at Pease . American Indians of the Abenaki and other Algonquian languages -speaking nations, and their predecessors, inhabited the territory of coastal New Hampshire for thousands of years before European contact. The first known European to explore and write about

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3224-586: The team plays in the Northeast Division of USL League Two (USL2), one of the unofficial fourth-tier leagues of the American Soccer Pyramid . Freedom Rugby Football Club is a men's rugby union team based in Portsmouth, founded in the summer of 2014. The club is an active member of USA Rugby and New England Rugby Football Union (NERFU). The city of Portsmouth operates under a council-manager system of government. Portsmouth elects

3286-628: The three commissioner districts within the county. In addition to the County Commission, there are five directly elected officials: they include County Attorney, Register of Deeds, County Sheriff, Register of Probate, and County Treasurer. The legislative branch of Rockingham County is made up of the members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from the county. In total, as of August 2018 there are 90 members from 37 different districts. After redistricting based on

3348-482: The war. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 16.8 square miles (43.6 km ), of which 15.7 square miles (40.6 km ) are land and 1.2 square miles (3.0 km ), or 6.92%, are water. Portsmouth is drained by Berrys Brook, Sagamore Creek and the Piscataqua River , which is the boundary between New Hampshire and Maine . The highest point in the city

3410-464: Was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.03. The median age was 42.2 years. The median income for a household in the county was $ 75,825 and the median income for a family was $ 90,463. Males had a median income of $ 61,443 versus $ 42,478 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 35,889. About 3.0% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 4.9% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over. As of

3472-413: Was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.40 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 58,150, and the median income for a family was $ 66,345. (These figures had risen to $ 72,600 and $ 85,361 respectively, as of a 2007 estimate.) Males had a median income of $ 45,598 versus $ 30,741 for females. The per capita income for

3534-433: Was 40.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males. For the period 2010–2014, the city's estimated median annual household income was $ 67,679, and the median family income was $ 90,208. Male full-time workers had a median income of $ 58,441 versus $ 45,683 for females. The city's per capita income for the city was $ 42,724. About 4.0% of families and 7.6% of

3596-670: Was New Hampshire's fastest growing county from 2010 to 2020. As of 2014–2018 estimates from the American Community Survey , Rockingham County was the fourth- wealthiest county in New England, with a median household income of $ 90,429. The area that today is Rockingham County was first settled by Europeans moving north from the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts as early as 1623. The government

3658-616: Was expanded to include hazardous materials in 1972 with the passing of the Clean Water Act . In 1980, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act , more commonly known as "Superfund," further expanded the scope of the NCP to include emergency removal actions at hazardous waste sites and required regulated facilities to submit contingency plans. The federal government helped state and local officials protect public health and

3720-583: Was in 1813 when 244 buildings burned. A fire district was created that required all new buildings within its boundaries to be built of brick with slate roofs; this created the downtown's distinctive appearance. The city was also noted for the production of boldly wood-veneered federal-style (neoclassical) furniture, particularly by the master cabinet maker Langley Boardman. The Industrial Revolution spurred economic growth in New Hampshire mill towns such as Dover , Keene , Laconia , Manchester , Nashua and Rochester , where rivers provided water power for

3782-495: Was its North End neighborhood, which similar to Boston’s, was home to an Italian-American population. In 1964, federal funds were allocated to the North End project area in Portsmouth, for urban renewal. Prior to redevelopment, the North End was a mix of residential and commercial buildings, with many older houses converted into storefronts with apartments above. In the mid-1960s, the area was considered overcrowded, run down, and

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3844-594: Was linked tightly with Massachusetts until New Hampshire became a separate colony in 1679, but counties were not introduced until 1769. Rockingham was identified in 1769 as one of five original counties for the colony. It is named for Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham , who had been Prime Minister of the UK from 1765 to 1766. The county was organized in 1771, with its county seat at Exeter . In 1823, certain townships from northwestern Rockingham (and some northern townships from Hillsborough County) became part of

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