Navojoa is the fifth-largest city in the northern Mexican state of Sonora and is situated in the southern part of the state. The city is the administrative seat of Navojoa Municipality , located in the Mayo River Valley .
81-493: The city name derives from the native Mayo language meaning "cactus-house" (Navo"= Cactus , "Jova"= House). The valley has been continuously inhabited since pre-Hispanic times by the Mayo people . In September 1536, Diego de Guzmán , a Spaniard, became the first known European to reach the valley. The first Jesuit missionaries started settling in the region in 1614, founding Mission Santa Catalina Camoa . Several geoglyphs from
162-453: A Japanese garden), ponds, a bird lake, instructional areas for school field days, playgrounds, camping areas, and horses to ride. Other places of interest around Guadalajara include Camachos Aquatic Natural Park, a commercial water park, and Barranca Colimilla, a beautiful canyon with hiking trails near Tonala, east of Guadalajara. Guadalajara's street plan has evolved over time into a radial urban plan , with five major routes into and out of
243-646: A coat of arms and the title of city to the new town and established it as the capital of the Kingdom of Nueva Galicia , part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain . After 1572, the Royal Audiencia of Guadalajara , previously subordinate to Mexico City , became the only authority in New Spain with autonomy over Nueva Galicia, owing to rapidly growing wealth in the kingdom following the discovery of silver . By
324-561: A hub for those visiting the colonial town of Álamos , which is 48 kilometers (30 mi) inland toward the mountains of the Sierra Madre. Navojoa has a borderline semi-arid climate / desert climate ( Köppen climate classification BSh/BWh ) with warm winters and hot summers. Precipitation is scarce, but is more common during the summer months during the monsoon season. There are two main public sports facilities in Navojoa. One
405-552: A lower sense Los Mochis (IATA: LMM). HMO also receives low cost airlines' flights incoming from the main cities of the Republic such as: Mexico City, Guadalajara, Querétaro, Monterrey, Tijuana, Puebla among others. Navojoa also has a local airport (see: Navojoa Airport ) next to the industrial sector, which is suitable for light private planes. It is about 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) south of the city center. Several companies offer low, mid and luxury class bus services from Navojoa to
486-491: A small town called Huatabampo. The beach is named after the town, hence the name, "Huatabampito" where many families gather year long to enjoy the beauty of the ocean. The Adolfo Ruiz Cortines Dam , also called Mocúzarit, is a popular fishing spot and stores water used for irrigating the valley via the Mayo River. Other uses include kayaking, water-skiing, geoglyph-viewing and other leisure activities. Navojoa also acts as
567-710: Is "La Quinta Racquet Club" located in Los Naranjos neighborhood. The city of Navojoa has its own baseball team called Mayos de Navojoa which is a member of the Liga Mexicana del Pacífico , the most important baseball league in México. Well-known native baseball players, all of them played in MLB: El Monobloque: International Alternative music band Mayo language Mayo is an Uto-Aztecan language. It
648-456: Is "Unidad Deportiva Faustino Félix Serna" with many different baseball, baseball and softball fields, basketball courts, a pool, a professional baseball stadium, a professional basketball arena and many other sport facilities. The other main sports center, "Unidad Deportiva Oriente" is located in the eastern part of the city. Private sports centers are available too, one of them is the "Casino Social de Navojoa", located near downtown. Another one
729-657: Is a Gamma+ global city , and one of Mexico's most important cultural centers. It is home to numerous mainstays of Mexican culture , including Mariachi , Tequila , and Birria and hosts numerous notable events, including the Guadalajara International Film Festival , one of the most important film festival in Latin America, and the Guadalajara International Book Fair , the largest book fair in
810-424: Is a National Park located just north of the municipality of Guadalajara. The barranca (canyon) borders two colonias (neighborhoods) of the city, Oblatos and Huentitan. It covers approximately 1,136 hectares (2,810 acres), and varies 600 meters (2,000 ft) in altitude. The funicular railway in the park starts at 1,000 meters (3,300 ft) above sea level and rises to 1,520 meters (4,990 ft) above sea level. In
891-795: Is a center of business, arts and culture, technology and tourism; as well as the economic center of the Bajío region. It usually ranks among the 100 most productive and globally competitive cities in the world. It is home to numerous landmarks, including Guadalajara Cathedral , the Teatro Degollado , the Templo Expiatorio , the UNESCO World Heritage site Hospicio Cabañas , and the San Juan de Dios Market —the largest indoor market in Latin America. A settlement
SECTION 10
#1732782581255972-475: Is an agglutinative language, where words use suffix complexes for a variety of purposes with several morphemes strung together. Nominal and Adjectival Predication in Yoreme/Mayo of Sonora and Sinaloa Guadalajara, Jalisco Guadalajara ( / ˌ ɡ w ɑː d əl ə ˈ h ɑːr ə / GWAH -də-lə- HAR -ə ; Spanish: [ɡwaðalaˈxaɾa] ) is a city in western Mexico and
1053-501: Is an eco-museum with 89 petroglyphics carved in the stones over 500 years ago by the Mayo people. It is located next to the Mayo river, some kilometers north-west of Navojoa. The city is near the Gulf of California which offers a variety of beaches. The surrounding country is also popular for hunting ducks, doves and deer. Las Bocas , 30 miles south of Navojoa, is a small beach community on
1134-555: Is considered 'critically endangered' by UNESCO. The Mayo language is partially intelligible with the Yaqui language , and the division between the two languages is more political, from the historic division between the Yaqui and the Mayo peoples, than linguistic. Programming in both Mayo and Yaqui is carried by the CDI 's radio station XEETCH , broadcasting from Etchojoa, Sonora . Mayo
1215-687: Is in operation, connecting to the Mexican border in Nogales and to Guadalajara, Jalisco . The most important highway serving Navojoa is Mexican Federal Highway 15 , a four-lane highway which connects it to north to Ciudad Obregón, Guaymas, Hermosillo, Nogales and the United States of America; and to the south to the states of Sinaloa, Nayarit, Jalisco, Michoacán, State of Mexico and Mexico City. The main state routes serving Navojoa are Sonora State Highway 149 and Sonora State Highway 162 . Also,
1296-689: Is located) contained no human settlements. To the east of the Atemajac Valley were the Tonallan and Tetlán peoples. At the extremes were the Zapopan, Atemajac, Zoquipan, Tesistan, Coyula, and Huentitán. The historic city center encompasses what was once four population centers, as the villages of the Mezquitán, Analco, and Mexicaltzingo were annexed to the Atemajac site in 1669. Guadalajara
1377-838: Is spoken by about 40,000 people, the Mexican Mayo or Yoreme Indians, who live in the South of the Mexican state of Sonora and in the North of the neighboring state of Sinaloa . Under the General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples " Law of Linguistic Rights, it is recognized as a "national language" along with 62 other indigenous languages and Spanish which all have the same validity in Mexico. The language
1458-479: Is studied by national and international researchers as it contains great biological diversity due to its geographical location. On June 5, 1997, it was declared a Protected Natural Area, as an Area Subject to Ecological Conservation (Zona Sujeta a Conservación Ecológica). La Cascada Cola de Caballo (The Horse Tail Waterfall) is located on the Guadalajara to Zacatecas road (Highway 54, km 15) a few kilometers from
1539-607: The Arizona border. Ciudad Obregón International Airport (CEN) is the nearest commercial airport, 48 kilometers (30 mi) north of Navojoa. It receives flights from Guadalajara , Hermosillo , La Paz , Loreto , Los Cabos , Mexico City , Monterrey , and, internationally, from Los Angeles , Tucson , Phoenix and Houston in the United States. Airlines serving this airport include Aeromexico, AeroCalafia, Interjet, Volaris and low-cost airline VivaAerobus. Alternate Airports to CEN are Hermosillo Intl. Airport (IATA: HMO) and in
1620-510: The Battle of Calderón Bridge . New Galicia, now Jalisco, adhered to the Plan de Iguala on June 13, 1821. In 1823, Guadalajara became the capital of the newly founded state of Jalisco. In 1844, General Mariano Paredes y Arrillaga initiated a revolt against the government of President Antonio López de Santa Anna . Santa Anna personally ensured that the revolt was quelled. However, while Santa Anna
1701-636: The Hospital Real de San Miguel de Belén [ es ] , or simply the Hospital de Belén, was opened. In 1793, Mariano Valdés Téllez Giron ran the city's first printing press, whose first publication was a funeral eulogy for Fray Antonio Alcalde. Guadalajara remained the capital of Nueva Galicia with some modifications until the Mexican War of Independence . Miguel Hidalgo entered San Pedro (now Tlaquepaque ) on November 25, 1810, and
SECTION 20
#17327825812551782-549: The explosions of April 22, 1992 , the Mexican peso crisis of 1994, and the murder of the Cardinal Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo in 1993. The 1992 explosions caused massive infrastructure damage to hundreds of houses, avenues, streets, and businesses in the Analco neighborhood ( barrio ), "without a clear delineator of information and responsibilities to date", in one of the most tragic events in
1863-523: The 1-km-long area between Tecnológico Avenue and Centenario Boulevard. The "Museo Regional del Mayo" (Mayo's Regional Museum) is located in the former railroad station building opposite Santa Fe Springs square. The Museum has 5 rooms which exhibit temporary paint, handicraft and sculpture expositions, pre-Hispanic and colonial objects, ethnographic expositions dedicated to the Mayos' culture and other objects related to Navojoa's history. The Tehuelibampo Museum
1944-864: The 16th century, during the Spanish Conquest, the Huentitán area including the canyon was the site of battles between local Indian populations and the Spanish. Later, it was the site of battles between different factions during the Mexican Revolution and the Cristero Rebellion . The canyon is a biogeographic corridor that is home to four types of vegetation: deciduous tropical forest, gallery forest, heath vegetation, and secondary vegetation. In addition to introduced species, there are many native species of flora and fauna. The canyon
2025-490: The 18th century, Guadalajara had taken its place as Mexico's second largest city, following mass colonial migrations in the 1720s and 1760s. During the Mexican War of Independence , independence leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla established Mexico's first revolutionary government in Guadalajara in 1810. The city flourished during the Porfiriato (1876–1911), with the advent of the industrial revolution , but its growth
2106-424: The 1970s it was Mexico's second-largest city and the largest in western Mexico. Most of the modern city's urbanization took place between the 1940s and the 1980s, with the population doubling every ten years until it stood at 2.5 million in 1980. The population of the municipality has stagnated, and even declined, slowly but steadily, since the early 1990s. The increase in population brought with it an increase in
2187-541: The 1980s, it was described as a "divided city" east to west based on socioeconomic class. Since then, the city has evolved into four sectors, which are still more or less class-centered. The upper classes tend to live in Hidalgo and Juárez in the northwest and southwest, while the lower classes tend to live in the city center, Libertad in the northeast, and southeast in Reforma. However, lower class development has expanded on
2268-665: The Americas. The city was the American Capital of Culture in 2005 and has hosted numerous global events, including the 1970 FIFA World Cup , the 1986 FIFA World Cup , the 1st Ibero-American Summit in 1991, and the 2011 Pan American Games . The city is home to numerous universities and research institutions, including the University of Guadalajara and the Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara , two of
2349-481: The Atemajac Valley. The colonized settlement was named for Nuño de Guzmán's Spanish hometown . In 1559, royal and bishopric offices for the province of Nueva Galicia were moved from Compostela to Guadalajara and, in 1560, Guadalajara became the province's new capital. Construction of the cathedral began in 1563. In 1575, religious orders such as the Augustinians and Dominicans arrived, eventually making
2430-491: The Guadalajara Observatory were established. Throughout the twentieth century, seeing growth in its industrial, tourist, and service industries, Guadalajara began a period of rapid transformation into the metropolis it is today. The city would gain the second largest economy in Mexico, following only by Mexico City . After the Mexican Revolution of 1910, Guadalajara became the second most populous city in
2511-457: The Gulf of California that is frequently visited by the local residents of Navojoa during spring. (April–May). It is particularly popular during "Semana Santa" (Holy Week), when campers stay for seven days and then return to Navojoa for Easter celebrations. Many people from Navojoa own a second house in Las Bocas. Although one of the closer beaches to Navojoa is located about one hour away in
Navojoa - Misplaced Pages Continue
2592-514: The Mayo tribe can be found along the Mayo River. Due to the city's distant location from Mexico City , the difficult times of Mexico's independence in the early 19th century were largely absent from the region. However, the city had some importance after the Mexican Revolution of 1910. The Mexican Revolutionary Álvaro Obregón was born in Hacienda Siquisiva , a small town near Navojoa. Álvaro Obregón became president of Mexico after
2673-638: The Mexican Republic and international destinations such as Tucson, Phoenix and Los Angeles in the US. Connections are offered by foreign partner companies to other USA and Canada destinations. A bus station was built in the north of the city; however it is not used and small stations in the city center are used instead. Old public city buses have been replaced with new models with air conditioning, called SUBA. They run every few minutes and provide simple and cheap transport. A north-south freight-only railroad
2754-608: The Northern Peripheral, just after passing the village of San Esteban. The waterfall is fed by a stream from the Atemajac Valley. It is close to Guadalajara and a town with very little development, and as a result of poor ecological practices, it is very polluted. El Bosque los Colomos, the Colomos Forest, is located in the northwestern part of Guadalajara along the Rio Atemajac. It is in a wealthy part of
2835-474: The Periférico is a semi-beltway encompassing some of Navojoa's southern and western neighborhoods and it is used as a truck route or bypass for Mexican Federal Highway 15. It is enlarged from 2 to 4 lanes in the western section between Centenario Boulevard and Sosa Chávez Boulevard with the project ending in december of 2017. Although Navojoa's streets are almost all paved, horse-drawn carts are still used by
2916-409: The annual average of about 1,002 millimeters (39.4 in). During the summer, afternoon storms are very common and can sometimes bring hail flurries to the city, especially toward late August or September. Winters are relatively warm despite the city's altitude, with January daytime temperatures reaching about 25 °C (77 °F) and nighttime temperatures about 10 °C (50 °F). However,
2997-578: The capital of the state of Jalisco . According to the 2020 census, the city has a population of 1,385,629 people, making it the 8th most populous city in Mexico, while the Guadalajara metropolitan area has a population of 5,268,642 people, making it the third-largest metropolitan area in the country and the twenty-second largest metropolitan area in the Americas . Guadalajara has the second-highest population density in Mexico, with over 10,361 people per square kilometer. Within Mexico, Guadalajara
3078-528: The capital, Guadalajara experienced relative calm. After the Cristero Conflict, peace returned to Guadalajara and the city flourished, outgrowing its colonial roots. This period saw the birth of new schools of architecture that would decorate the city from the 1920s to the 1980s. Guadalajara again experienced substantial growth after the 1930s, and the first industrial park was established in 1947. Its population surpassed one million in 1964, and by
3159-454: The city a center for evangelization efforts. While capital of the Kingdom of Nueva Galicia, the city's inhabitants achieved a high standard of living, due to flourishing industry, agriculture, commerce, mining, and trade. The Guadalajara of the 16th century was a rather small and often overlooked community. It was mainly frequented by traveling merchants. Several epidemics drastically reduced
3240-1053: The city for several days in a row. Snowfall is extraordinarily rare, with the last recorded one occurring in December 1997, which was the first time in 116 years, as it had previously last fallen in 1881. Guadalajara's natural wealth is represented by the La Primavera Forest , Los Colomos , and the Barranca de Huentitán . The flora in these areas includes michoacan pines, several species of oak, sweetgum, ash, willow, and introduced trees such as poincianas, jacarandas, and ficus. It also includes orchids, roses, and various species of fungi. The fauna includes typical urban fauna in addition to 106 species of mammals, 19 species of reptiles, and six species of fish. La Barranca de Huentitán (the Huentitán Forest) (also known as Barranca de Oblatos and Barranca de Oblatos-Huentitán)
3321-485: The city went through structural plans with which new areas and commercial hubs were born and with which transnational corporations and international industries arrived in the city. The city housed the first shopping malls in Mexico. The city expanded rapidly before merging with the Zapopan municipality. Among the developments created during this period were the Guadalajara Expo, the light rail, shopping centers,
Navojoa - Misplaced Pages Continue
3402-653: The city's indigenous population, leading to the construction of its first hospital in 1557. Guadalajara's economy during the 18th century was based on agriculture and the production of non-durable goods such as textiles, shoes and food products. Despite epidemics, plagues, and earthquakes, Guadalajara would become one of the most important population centers in New Spain . The city's heyday attracted numerous architects, philosophers, lawyers, scientists, poets, writers, and speakers; Francisco Javier Clavijero and Matías Ángel de la Mota Padilla [ es ] were among
3483-458: The city's periphery and upper and middle classes are migrating toward Zapopan, making the situation less neatly divided. Since 1996, the activity of multinational corporations has had a significant effect on the economic and social development of the city. The presence of companies such as Kodak , Hewlett-Packard , Motorola and IBM has been based on production facilities built outside the city proper, bringing in foreign labor and capital. This
3564-516: The city), Santuario, Mexicaltzingo, Mezquitan, Analco, and San Juan de Dios. Private houses in the oldest sector of the city are mostly made up of one- and two-level houses, with architectural styles ranging from simple colonial architecture to the Churrigueresco, Baroque, and early nineteenth century European styles. Just west of the oldest part of the city are upper-class colonias built in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, containing
3645-421: The city. It is surrounded by ring roads. The original city of Guadalajara was planned on a grid, with north–south and east–west intersecting streets. Over time, villages surrounding Guadalajara were incorporated into the city - first Analco to the southeast, then Mexicaltzingo to the south, Mezquitan to the north, and San Juan de Dios to the east, all of which introduced more variety to the plan. As it grew towards
3726-556: The country. However, the decades that followed brought a number of regional wars in the states of Jalisco , Michoacán , and Guanajuato . The aftermath of the Great Depression took a further toll on the city. Fortunately, by the 1940s the city would experience industrial, demographic, and trade growth. In 1910, the Mexican Revolution began, bringing an end to the Porfiriato . With conflict concentrated in
3807-480: The end of the war. During this time, he founded the newspaper El Despertador Americano , dedicated to the insurgent cause. Royalist forces marched to Guadalajara, arriving in January 1811 with nearly 6,000 men. Insurgents Ignacio Allende and Mariano Abasolo wanted to concentrate their forces in the city and plan an escape route should they be defeated, but Hidalgo rejected this idea. Their second choice
3888-593: The expansion of streets and avenues, and the birth and development of road infrastructure, services, tourism, industrial, etc. The first shopping center in Latin America emerged in the city, the first urban electric-train system in Latin America, and the first private university in Mexico. In a 2007 survey entitled "Cities of the Future", FDi magazine ranked Guadalajara first among major Mexican cities and second among major North American cities in terms of economic potential, behind Chicago . The magazine also rated it as
3969-442: The explosion, residents started complaining of a strong gasoline -like smell coming from the sewers. City workers were dispatched to check the sewers and found dangerously high levels of gasoline fumes. However, no evacuations were ordered. An investigation into the disaster found that there were two precipitating causes. The first was new water pipes that were built too close to an existing gasoline pipeline. Chemical reactions between
4050-882: The first Cumbre Iberoamericana in 1991. The Third Summit of Heads of State and Governments of Latin America, the Caribbean, and the European Union was hosted in 2004. Guadalajara was also the venue to the Encuentro Internacional de Promotores y Gestores Culturales in 2005. The 2011 Pan American Games were staged and Guadalajara was named the American Capital of Culture in 2005 as well as the Ciudad Educadora in 2006. Guadalajara has been recognized as Mexico's first Smart City due to its use of developing technology. During each government period,
4131-525: The four sides of the Cathedral in the form of a large Latin cross, in which the cathedral is now centered. There were other, somewhat less controversial, projects to improve the flow of traffic and increase commerce in other parts of the city. Guadalajara is made up of more than 2,300 colonias (neighborhoods) in the Metropolitan Area. The oldest parts of the city include Centro (the oldest in
SECTION 50
#17327825812554212-404: The heinous treatment of indigenous peoples by Nuño de Guzmán, in particular the enslavement of captured natives. After multiple defeats, Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza took control of the Spanish campaign to suppress the revolt. The conflict ended after Mendoza made concessions such as freeing enslaved indigenous peoples and granting amnesty. The village of Guadalajara barely survived the war, and
4293-538: The highest-ranked universities in Mexico. The conquistador Cristóbal de Oñate named the city in honor of the conqueror of western Mexico, Nuño de Guzmán , who was born in Guadalajara , Spain , which is derived from Moorish Arabic وادي الحجارة ( wādī al-ḥajārah ), which means 'Valley of the Stones', or 'Fortress Valley'. Unlike the surrounding areas, the central Atemajac Valley (where Guadalajara
4374-399: The historic center of the city. Major controversial projects included the widening of Avenida 16 de Septiembre and Avenida Juárez, which were no longer adequate to handle car traffic in the center of the city. In the process, many buildings of architectural and historical value were demolished. Historical buildings around Guadalajara Cathedral were also demolished to leave large open spaces on
4455-404: The history of Guadalajara. The investigation of the facts lasted more than 11 years in which insufficient evidence was found to appoint a manager, investigations are now closed attributing the events to an accident. This event, in addition to Mexico's 1994 economic crisis, resulted in the loss of Guadalajara's industrial power. The city has hosted numerous important international events, such as
4536-418: The main industries in Navojoa. The city gains importance through its geographic diversity featuring close access to coastal, desert, and southwest mountainous areas as well as its close proximity to the United States and the neighboring state of Sinaloa. Navojoa is 64 kilometers (40 mi) south of Ciudad Obregón connected primarily by a toll highway (Mex. 15) that extends north across the state of Sonora to
4617-486: The main source of income, the Navojoa region is increasingly dependent on industrial foreign investment and aquaculture , especially shrimp farming . Two large swine production companies that export mainly to the United States, Germany and Japan, a recycled containerboard mill and box factory privately owned by Sonoran investors, as well as one brewery belonging to the FEMSA group (recently acquired from Heineken), are among
4698-438: The metropolitan area, and has been developed for recreation rather than being preserved in its wild state. The river was once one of the main sources of water supply to the city, and today continues to provide water to some surrounding colonias (neighborhoods). Currently, this forest covers an area of 92 hectares (230 acres) in which pine trees, eucalyptus trees, and cedars predominate. The park has jogging tracks, gardens (including
4779-531: The most business-friendly Latin American city in 2007. Under the Köppen climate classification , Guadalajara has a humid subtropical climate ( Cwa ), a temperate climate that is quite close to a tropical climate, featuring dry warm winters and wet, mildly hot summers. Guadalajara's climate is influenced by its high altitude and the general seasonality of precipitation patterns in western North America. Although
4860-418: The most prominent. In 1771, Bishop Fray Antonio Alcalde arrived in the city and founded the Civil Hospital and the University of Guadalajara . In 1791, the University of Guadalajara was established. The dedication was held in 1792 at the site of the old Santo Tomas College. While the institution was founded during the 18th century, it would not be fully developed until the 20th century, starting in 1925. In 1794,
4941-542: The neoclassical structures and houses of the Porfiriato. In the 1920s, 1930s, 1940s and 1950s well-to-do Tapatios expanded into colonias Lafayette, Americana, Moderna, and Arcos Vallarta. New architectural trends of the 1960s and 1970s also left their mark in colonias such as colonia Americana , Vallarta Poniente , Moderna, Providencia, Vallarta San Jorge, Jardines del Bosque, and Chapalita. The Metropolitan Area has more wealthy neighborhoods than any other part of western Mexico. These colonias are located both inside and outside
SECTION 60
#17327825812555022-422: The next day he was greeted effusively in Guadalajara. The city's workers had experienced poor living conditions and were swayed by promises of lower taxes and the abolition of slavery. Despite a soured welcome, due to the rebel army's violence toward city residents, especially royalists, Hidalgo kept his promise and, on December 6, 1810, slavery was abolished in Guadalajara, a proclamation which has been honored since
5103-439: The outskirts of the city (generally those close to the Primavera Forest) experience on average cooler temperatures than the city itself. There, temperatures around 0 °C (32 °F) can be recorded during the coldest nights. Frost may also occur during the coldest nights, but temperatures rarely fall below 0 °C (32 °F) in the city, making it an uncommon phenomenon. Cold fronts in winter can sometimes bring light rain to
5184-476: The pipes caused erosion. The second was a flaw in the sewer design that did not allow accumulated gases to escape. Arrests were made to indict those responsible for the blasts. Four officials of Pemex (the state oil company) were indicted and charged on the basis of negligence. Ultimately, however, these people were cleared of all charges. Calls for the restructuring of PEMEX were made but they were successfully resisted. The 1990s were marked by events such as
5265-414: The residents of the small surrounding communities ( San Ignacio Cohuirimpo , etc.). Horse carts are numerous enough that there is a parking lot reserved for them on Hidalgo Avenue near the City Market in central Navojoa. The following institutions of higher education are based in Navojoa: Navojoa has many hotels with a range of cost and quality. Most hotels are located off Pesqueira Street, mainly between
5346-406: The revolt and initiated an in the Mayo/Yaqui Valley, introducing modern agricultural techniques and making this valley one of the most prosperous agricultural regions in Mexico. Navojoa is part of the large economic center known as the Mayo Valley, which together with Ciudad Obregón and the Yaqui Valley, form one of the most productive agricultural regions in Mexico. Although agriculture remains
5427-415: The size of what is now called Greater Guadalajara, rather than an increase in the population density of the city. Migrants coming into Guadalajara from the 1940s to the 1980s were mostly from rural areas and lived in the city center until they had enough money to buy property. This property was generally bought in the edges of the city, which were urbanizing into fraccionamientos , or residential areas. In
5508-415: The southern part of the city began development, and its streets aligned with the grid to the east of the old Rio San Juan de Dios. Additional 20th-century expansion of the city introduced even more variety, as developers introduced different kinds of non-grid street plans in new areas. During the government of José de Jesús González Gallo, between 1947 and 1953, major public works changed the urban landscape of
5589-429: The temperature is warm year-round, Guadalajara has strong seasonal variation in precipitation. The northward movement of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone brings a great deal of rain in the summer months, whereas, for the rest of the year, the climate is rather dry, although daily rainfall records in each dry season month range from 36 millimeters (1.4 in) to 75 millimeters (3.0 in). The extra moisture during
5670-554: The unskilled working class and traditional labor sectors. The 1992 Guadalajara explosions occurred on April 22, 1992, when gasoline explosions in the sewer system over four hours destroyed 8 km (5 mi) of streets in the downtown district of Analco. Gante Street was the most damaged. Officially, 206 people were killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 were left homeless. The estimated monetary damage ranges between $ 300 million and $ 1 billion. The affected areas can be recognized by their more modern architecture. Three days before
5751-440: The villagers attributed their survival to the Archangel Michael , who remains the patron of the city to this day. After the war, the city was moved once again—this time to a more defensible location. This final relocation would prove permanent. In 1542, records indicate that 126 people were living in Guadalajara. That same year, it was granted cityhood by the king of Spain. Guadalajara was officially founded on February 14, 1542, in
5832-430: The west, it kept the original north–south orientation. As it grew towards the east, this grid was tilted towards the south-east to match up with the grids of the former towns Analco and San Juan de Dios, across the river from central Guadalajara on the eastern side of Rio San Juan de Dios (Rio San Juan de Dios is now underground; it runs beneath Calzada Independencia). When the railway was introduced to Guadalajara in 1888,
5913-453: The wet months moderates the temperatures, resulting in cooler days and nights during this period. The highest temperatures are usually reached in May averaging 33 °C (91 °F), but can reach up to 37 °C (99 °F) just before the onset of monsoon season. March tends to be the driest month and July the wettest, with an average of 273 millimeters (10.7 in) of rain, over a quarter of
5994-567: Was a period of economic, technological and social growth for the city. After Independence, small-scale industries developed, many of which were owned by European immigrants. Rail lines connecting the city to the Pacific coast and north to the United States intensified trade and allowed the shipment of products from rural areas of Jalisco. Ranch Culture became a very important aspect of Jalisco and Guadalajara's identities during this time. From 1884 to 1890, electrical and railroad services, as well as
6075-500: Was established in the region of Guadalajara in early 1532 by Cristóbal de Oñate , a Basque conquistador in the expedition of Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán . The settlement was renamed and moved several times before assuming the name Guadalajara after the birthplace of Guzmán and ending up at its current location in the Atemajac Valley in 1542. On November 8, 1539, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V had granted
6156-521: Was hampered significantly during the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920). In 1929, the Cristero War ended within the confines of the city, when President Plutarco Elías Calles proclaimed the Grito de Guadalajara . The city saw continuous growth throughout the rest of the 20th century, attaining a metro population of 1 million in the 1960s and surpassing 3 million in the 1990s. Guadalajara
6237-610: Was in Guadalajara, a revolt called the Three Hour Revolution brought José Joaquín Herrera to the presidency and put Santa Anna into exile. President Benito Juárez made Guadalajara the seat of his government in 1856, during the Reform War . French troops entered the city during the French Intervention in 1864, and it was retaken by Mexican troops in 1866. Despite the violence, the 19th century
6318-415: Was made possible in the 1980s by surplus labor, infrastructure improvements, and government incentives. These companies focus on electrical and electronic items, which is now one of Guadalajara's two main products (the other being beer). This has internationalized the economy, steering it away from manufacturing and toward services, dependent on technology and foreign investment. This has not been favorable for
6399-520: Was moved to a site near Tonalá . Four years later, Guzmán ordered that the village be moved to Tlacotán. During this time, the Spanish king Charles I granted the city the coat of arms which it retains to this day. During the Mixtón War (1540–1542), the Caxcan , Portecuex, and Zacateco peoples, fought back against colonizers under the command of Tenamaxtli . The war was initiated in response to
6480-514: Was originally founded at three other sites before moving to its current location. The first colonial settlement in 1532 was in Mesa del Cerro, now known as Nochistlán , Zacatecas. This site was colonized by Cristóbal de Oñate as commissioned by Nuño de Guzmán , with the purpose of securing recent conquests and "defending" them from the "still-hostile natives". This colonized settlement did not last long due to its lack of usable water sources. In 1533 it
6561-480: Was to make a stand at the Puente de Calderon just outside the city. Hidalgo had between 80,000 and 100,000 men and 95 cannons, but the better-trained royalists won, decimating the insurgent army and forcing Hidalgo to flee toward Aguascalientes . Guadalajara remained in royalist hands until near the end of the war. ' On January 17, 1817, the insurgent army was again defeated on the outskirts of Guadalajara in
#254745