The Nazko River is a tributary of the West Road River , one of the main tributaries of the Fraser River , in the Canadian province of British Columbia . It flows through the Fraser Plateau region west of Quesnel .
87-479: The name "Nazko" comes from Ndazkoh ( Ndaz – meaning ″from the south″ and koh – meaning ″River″) a Dakelh (Carrier) word meaning "river flowing from the south". The Nazko River originates in a boggy area of many lakes on the Fraser Plateau, around 52°20′N 123°30′W / 52.333°N 123.500°W / 52.333; -123.500 . It flows generally north. Ross Creek joins just before
174-591: A Synaeresis of uda ukelh and ne ). The suffixes -xwoten , “people of” or -t’en , “people” to village names or locations to refer to specific groups (e.g., Tl’azt’en, Wet’suwet’en). the Wetʼsuwetʼen (Whutsot'en, ᗘᙢᗥᐣ , "People of the Wet'sinkwha/Wa Dzun Kwuh River, i.e. Bulkley River", lit: "People of the blue and green River"; also known as Western Carrier ) and Babine (Nadot'en) (Nadot'enne, ᘇᑎᗥᐣ , "Lake Babine People"; also known as Northern Carrier ) peoples are
261-879: A branch of the Dakelh/Carrier people, and have been referred to as the Western Carrier . They speak Witsuwitʼen or Babine/Nedut'en , dialects of the Babine-Witsuwitʼen language which, like its sister Dakelh language , is a member of the Central British Columbia branch of the Northern Athabaskan languages . They belong to the Northern Athabascan or Dene peoples ( Dené is the common Athabaskan word for "people"). Dakelh territories called Keyoh , include
348-409: A common English name derived from French explorers naming of the people. Dakelh people speak two related languages. One, Babine-Witsuwit'en is sometimes referred to as Northern Carrier . The other includes what are sometimes referred to as Central Carrier and Southern Carrier . The "Dakelh / Dakelh-ne" ( ᑕᗸᒡ , people who “travel upon water”, lit. "people who travel by boat early in the morning",
435-532: A competing town while South Fort George, which was built close to the old HBC Post and the village, welcomed the railway and its townsite. In 1911, federal Indian agent W.J. MacAllan took on the negotiations with assistance from Nicolas Coccola , a reverend. Coccola had interests in the well-being of the Lheidli T'enneh but was also negotiating on behalf of the railway company which might connect to his mission on Stuart Lake. Father Coccola had wanted to relocated
522-714: A detachment of the Rocky Mountain Rangers Army Reserve unit was to be formed in Prince George. In 2014, the Rocky Mountain Rangers increased recruiting efforts in the community to reach platoon and then company size. Prince George hosted the 2015 Canada Winter Games . Prince George is located in the Regional District of Fraser-Fort George near the transition between the northern and southern portions of
609-508: A land area of 316.74 km (122.29 sq mi), it had a population density of 242.2/km (627.2/sq mi) in 2021. In 2001, 23% of households were one-person households, below the 27% average provincewide, and 31% married couples with children, above the 26% average. Prince George had a smaller proportion of married couples than the province, 47% compared to 51%, but very similar persons per households. Only 14% of residents between 20 and 64 years of age completed university, almost half
696-474: A large part of the city and its local sources of air pollution are contained within a valley, there are often meteorological conditions that trap pollutants and result in episodes of poor air quality and unhealthy levels of air pollution exposure in some areas. More people die in Prince George every year due to diseases associated with air pollutants than any other community in the province , according to data gathered by two BC physicians. Although, "Copes said it
783-564: A majority of days, as in January 2006 when the mean daily maximum temperature was 1.5 °C (34.7 °F). On the other hand, Arctic air masses can settle over the city for weeks at a time; in rare cases, such as January 1950, the temperature stays well below freezing over a whole calendar month. Summer days are warm, with a July high of 23.1 °C (73.6 °F), but lows are often cool, with monthly lows averaging below 10 °C (50 °F). The transition between winter and summer, however,
870-508: A significant increase in unemployment. Unemployed men were often housed in one of several relief camps east of Prince George, where the men worked on construction projects or remained idle; away from the city of Prince George. Between 1930 and 1935, Prince George and the work camps were home to labor protests and sit ins organized by a local branch of the Communist sympathizing National Unemployed Workers Association, who sought basic needs for
957-479: A strong decoction of the root of Orthilia as an eyewash. A full list of their ethnobotany can be found at http://naeb.brit.org/uses/tribes/27/ , http://naeb.brit.org/uses/tribes/28/ , and http://naeb.brit.org/uses/tribes/29/ . In the late 1940s, University of British Columbia professor Charles Edward Borden shifted his attention toward urgent salvage archaeology in Nechako Canyon after learning of
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#17327731672621044-472: A townsite of their own (Prince George). Plans for the townsite for Prince George were created by Brett and Hall of Boston, and the land cleared in May 1913. Fort George, South Fort George, and Prince George pursued the right to incorporate with initial proposals including all three townsites. The GTP shows no interest in including Fort George, and South Fort George left the negotiations. The GTP lands now known as
1131-491: Is The Baldy Hughes Addiction Treatment Centre. The original radar system has been removed and the location now operates a weather station and Nav Canada system. In 1953, (Central) Fort George Townsite incorporated into the City of Prince George. On June 25, 1956, at just after 7 p.m., a Lockheed P-38 Lightning fighter plane built in 1943 (serial number 8300, bearing Canadian registration CF-HSC) flown by Frank Samuel Pynn, out of
1218-454: Is also home to a public francophone elementary and secondary school, both of which are part of School District 93 Conseil scolaire francophone , a province-wide francophone school district. Post-secondary education choices include the regional College of New Caledonia (CNC), which offers two-year university-transfer courses, plus vocational and professional programs. Several BC universities, British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT) and
1305-552: Is another key dominant part of this city. With the University of Northern British Columbia , the College of New Caledonia and School District #57, education adds more than $ 780 million into the local economy annually. Forestry dominated the local economy throughout the 20th century, including plywood manufacture, numerous sawmills and three pulp&pellet mills as major employers and customers. The spruce beetle epidemic of
1392-444: Is often called the province's "northern capital". because it serves as a centre for higher education, health care, government services, arts and entertainment, sports, and support for major industries such as forest products and mining. Prince George is roughly a 9 hour drive west of Edmonton , Alberta, east of Prince Rupert, British Columbia , and north of Vancouver , British Columbia. The origins of Prince George can be traced to
1479-668: Is short. There is some precipitation year-round, but February to April is the driest period. At the airport snow averages 205.1 cm (80.7 in) each year and is heaviest in December and January, usually, but not always, falling between October and May. One of the highest temperature ever recorded in the Prince George area was 39.8 °C (103.6 °F) on June 28, 2021 at Prince George Massey Auto ( 53°53′59″N 122°47′21″W / 53.89972°N 122.78917°W / 53.89972; -122.78917 ( Prince George Massey Auto ) ). The lowest temperature ever recorded
1566-439: Is very close to (and once had) a subarctic climate ( Dfc ) as May and September averages are both close to the 10 °C (50 °F) threshold. Winters are milder than the latitude and elevation might suggest: the January average is −9.6 °C (14.7 °F), and there are an average of 38 days from December to February where the high reaches or surpasses freezing. Winter months in which Pacific air masses dominate may thaw on
1653-844: The Bulkley Valley , and the region along the West Road River , west to the Hazelton Mountains and the Kitimat Ranges of the Coast Mountains , including the Kluskus Lakes ( Lhoosk'uz – "Rocky Mountain whitefish place"), Ootsa Lake ( Oosa Bunk'ut – "bucket lake"), the Quanchus and Fawnie Ranges , and Cheslatta Lake ( Tsetl'adak Bunk'ut – "Peak Rock Lake"). Dakelh territories are for
1740-667: The Carrier Sekani Tribal Council : Four bands belong to the Carrier Chilcotin Tribal Council : The other bands are independent. In some of the literature Dakelh people are known by the French term Porteurs . Another term sometimes seen is Taculli along with variant spellings. This is a linguistically naive adaptation of the phonetic notation used by Father Adrien-Gabriel Morice . The first written reference to Dakelh people, in
1827-534: The Millar Addition and the railway's townsite, Prince George, where the station was built. Hammond also developed his lots further, including additions such as Central Fort George. Although George Hammond fought a series of bitter legal battles for a railway station in Fort George. The Railway argued against a station in Fort George as it was their investment and risk, thus they would build a station in
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#17327731672621914-587: The North West Company fur trading post of Fort George, which was established in 1807 by Simon Fraser and named in honour of King George III . The post was centred in the centuries-old homeland of the Lheidli T'enneh First Nation , whose name means "people of the confluence of the two rivers." The Lheidli T'enneh name began to see official use around the 1990s and the band is otherwise historically referred to as Fort George Indian Band. Throughout
2001-472: The Prince George Airport , was observed flying in an unsafe manner, it went into a half roll, seemed to fall over on its back and nosed into a deep ravine in the cut-banks on the north side of town approximately one kilometre from the city centre. Pilot Frank Pynn, a former Royal Air Force Transport Command pilot, and his passenger, 15-year-old Jimmy Clarke, died on impact. Alcohol consumption
2088-718: The Rocky Mountain Trench . Prince George proper contains several areas: South Fort George, the Hart, the residential and light industrial neighbourhoods north of the Nechako River ; College Heights, the southern part of the city which contains a mix of residential and commercial areas, and the Bowl, the valley that includes most of the city and the downtown. There are also a number of outlying localities that are also part of Prince George, such as Carlson . The cutbanks of
2175-566: The indigenous people of a large portion of the Central Interior of British Columbia , Canada. Another name the Dakelh/Carrier call themselves is Yinka Dene ("the people on the land"), the Babine-Witsuwitʼen-speaking bands prefer the equivalent Yinka Whut'en ("the people on the land"). The Dakelh people are a First Nations people of the Central Interior of British Columbia , Canada, for whom Carrier has been
2262-475: The 1920s and the Great Depression of the 1930s and did not experience any significant growth until World War II when an army camp was built at the foot of Cranbrook Hill, bringing new life to the struggling businesses and service industries. The Great Depression saw massive decline in lumber production in the region, falling from 105 million board feet in 1929 to only 15 million board feet by 1932 and
2349-733: The 19th century, HBC Fort George trading post remained unchanged, and Fort St. James reigned as the main trading post and capital of the New Caledonia area. Even during the Cariboo Gold Rush , Fort George was isolated from the newfound trade. Then, when the Collins Overland Telegraph Trail was built in 1865–67, it bypassed Fort George trading post, following the Blackwater Trail from Quesnel and continuing northwest towards Hazelton . In
2436-535: The 21st century has come to be dominated by service industries. The Northern Health Authority, centred in Prince George, has a $ 450 million annual budget and invested more than $ 100 million in infrastructure. Part of these investments was the 2012 opening of the BC Cancer Agency 's Centre for the North, which includes for radiation therapy facilities and associated buildings for modern cancer care. Education
2523-481: The Band did not consider the vote final. The Band appointed Oblate Missionary E.C Bellot as an emissary to Ottawa with a larger cash demand of $ 1000 per acre, which was refused by DIA representatives. Upon return to Fort George, a new vote by the Band unanimously turned down the sale. During this time, the business developers of Fort George Townsite opposed the sale of the reserve lands as it would lead to its rival building
2610-489: The City of Prince George were incorporated on March 6, 1915, following the borders of the 1,366 acres they had initially acquired. At this time, many owners of Prince George businesses, particularly ones on George Street, lived in South Fort George. As the Prince George townsite developed and grew, many buildings were moved from the older townsites to the new business areas of Prince George, often being rolled into
2697-794: The Dakelh are not very familiar with the foothills because that area in recent times has been occupied by the Cree (Dushina, ᑐᙘᘇ ). Part of the Coast Mountains and Hazelton Mountains fall within Wit'suwit'en territory. Farther south, 'Ulkatcho people share the Coast Range with the Coast Salish Nuxalkmc (Bella Coola) and the northern Chilcotin Plateau with Northern Athabaskan speaking strong warrior nation (with political influence from
Nazko River - Misplaced Pages Continue
2784-643: The Dakelh, unlike the Sekani, participated in trade with the coast, which required packing loads of goods over the Grease Trails . Prince George, British Columbia Prince George is a city in British Columbia , Canada , situated at the confluence of the Fraser and Nechako rivers. The city itself has a population of 76,708; the metro census agglomeration has a population of 89,490. It
2871-576: The HBC post and then in 1909, development of two townsites began as two rival land speculation companies built the communities of South Fort George and Fort George (sometimes referred to as Central Fort George ). South Fort George was built on the Fraser River near to and just south of the Hudson's Bay Company 's trading post. The GTP meanwhile was trying to acquire land for its own townsite which delayed
2958-458: The Lheidli T'enneh to a safer area where they would be away from settlers and could be schooled in agriculture and in religion. Coccola suggested to the band that "if it tolerated intoxicating liquor and moral disorders, he would be the first to insist to have them removed". Coccola made several statements that he would convince or persuade the Band to relocate if they refused offers, and even involved himself in pricing amounts that could be offers to
3045-515: The Lheidli T'enneh. With several offers and refusals, the Lheidli T'enneh saw a split in support for a land sale. Chief Louis favored the surrender of the land, but Joseph Quah, an influential leader in the Band, wanted a higher price. On 18 November 1911, The Fort George Indian Band eventually agreed to sell the Reserve No.1 lands for $ 125,000 (one quarter to be paid immediately) which included $ 25,000 for construction on reserve No.2 and No.3 and
3132-541: The Lhiedli T'enneh instead, even though Charles Vance Millar , then the owner of the BC Express Company , was well into negotiations to purchase that property himself. The railway compensated Millar by giving him 81 ha (200 acres) of the property and, by 1914, when the railway was completed and the first train arrived, there were four major communities in the area: South Fort George, Fort George Townsite,
3219-476: The Nazko River flows through a series of lakes, including Nazko Lake, Tanilkul Lake, Nastachi Lake, Tzazati Lake, and Tchusiniltil Lake. The river also flows through Nazko Lake Provincial Park in this area. Goering Creek joins from the east, Anoko Creek from the west. The Nazko River turns to the east and Brown Creek joins from the north. Then the river plummets over Nazko Falls. Tautri Creek joins just before
3306-645: The Nazko resumes its northernly direction. As it flows north the river collects Wentworth Creek from the east and the Clisbako River from the southwest. The Nazko flows by Marmot Lake and Stump Lake as it enters the Nazko First Nation 's Indian reserve and the community of Nazko . North of the town of Nazko the river is joined by Redwater Creek from the west, then the Snaking River from
3393-527: The Nechako Basin contains over 5,000,000 bbl (790,000 m ) of oil. Other industry includes two chemical plants, an oil refinery, brewery , dairy , machine shops, aluminum boat building, log home construction, value added forestry product and specialty equipment manufacturing. Prince George is also a staging centre for mining and prospecting, and a major regional transportation, trade and government hub. Several major retailers are expanding into
3480-583: The Nechako River and soon grew to a length of more than 6 km (3.7 mi), causing widespread flooding in the city. Faster runoff due to devastation of nearby lodgepole pine forests by the mountain pine beetle was identified as a contributing factor. A state of emergency was declared on December 11. On January 14, 2008, with the ice jam still present, the Provincial Emergency Program approved an unprecedented plan to melt
3567-457: The Nechako River are one of Prince George's many interesting geological features. Local wild edible fruit include bunchberries , rose hips , blueberries, cranberries , chokecherries , strawberries, raspberries, saskatoons , currants, gooseberries , and soapberries (from which " Indian ice cream " is made). Morel mushrooms are also native to this area. The area has a humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ), but
Nazko River - Misplaced Pages Continue
3654-690: The Prince George market, a trend expected to persist. In recent years, several market research call centres have opened in Prince George. Heritage, College Heights, Hart Highlands and St. Lawrence Heights are prime residential areas, both commercial and residential development are growing at an accelerated rate and more subdivisions are planned for St. Lawrence Heights, West Cranbrook Hill and East Austin Road. Prince George's education system encompasses 40 anglophone elementary schools, eight secondary schools, and eight private schools. The anglophone public schools are all part of School District 57 Prince George . It
3741-643: The Similkameen region in the south (of British Columbia), the Pacific coast in the west, and the Rocky Mountains in the east) Tsilhqot'in (Chilkot'in, ᗘᙢᗥᐣ ). The traditional Dakelh way of life is based on a seasonal round, with the greatest activity in the summer when berries are gathered and fish caught and preserved. The mainstay of the economy is centered on harvesting activities within each family keyoh ( ᗸᘏᑋ , territory, village, trapline) under
3828-484: The acquisition of the Reserve No.1 lands were made by the GTP and others such as Charles Millar (of BC Express) who wanted to develop the land. The Department of Indian Affairs in conjunction with railroad representatives made several offers for the land. In 1910 Chief Louis described the attachment to the land and village to McDougall, who reported that "Land, Cash, and farm equipment" would be needed to overcome resistance, and
3915-456: The advent of the fur trade , such trapping is a minor activity. With the exception of berries and the sap and cambium of the lodgepole pine , plants play a relatively minor role as food, though the sacredness of plants are appreciated by Dakelh people. The Dakelhe are familiar with and occasionally use a variety of edible plants. Plants are used extensively for medicine. Winter activity is more limited, with some hunting, trapping, and fishing under
4002-579: The area along Fraser River ( Lhtakoh – "rivers within one another" ) from north of Prince George ( Lheidli – "confluence") to south of Quesnel and including the Barkerville - Wells area, the Nechako Country , the areas around Stuart Lake ( Nak'albun – "Mount Pope lake"), Trembleur Lake ( Dzinghubun – "day after lake"), Takla Lake ( Khelhghubun – "load after lake"), Fraser Lake ( Nadlehbun – "(fish) run lake"), and Babine Lake ,
4089-421: The band members out, targeting two cabins in the village that were empty as the residents were away hunting "I knew that to set fire to the cabins would cause a flare up of intense excitement and give me the break I needed, for a crisis had to be created before the deadlock could be broken". The site of Reserve No.2 (Shelley) was much further away from the new Prince George townsite and other communities. The land
4176-420: The band was considered to be averse to a sale. McDougall met with Chief Louis again in December 1910 offering $ 68,300 ($ 50/acre) but Chief Louis told McDougall that "they could not in their present mind surrender this reserve". A vote was held at a meeting two days later with members of the Band over age 21. The vote approved the surrender of the reserve land 12–11, but Chief Louis asked to talk with his people and
4263-451: The bottom of Cranbrook Hill. Barracks were built to house the soldiers, dining halls constructed to feed them, and wet canteens for their leisure and entertainment. There were rifle ranges, mortar ranges and artillery ranges. The camp closed at the end of the war. Most of the buildings were either demolished or moved to new locations, although some remain in their original locations, such as the former transportation building on 15th Avenue, that
4350-577: The city. In 1908, the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway identified the Reserve No.1 land as an ideal area for a railway and station site, and attempted to claim all the 1366 acres as needed for railway purposes. This was rejected due to the Department of Indian Affairs . The Department of Indian Affairs wished to protect the Lheidli T'enneh's interests but also supported railway development. Between 1908 and 1911 several offers for
4437-710: The constructions of what would become Prince George for several years. Fort George townsite was built 3.2 km (2 mi) to the northwest on the Nechako River. The name had been registered by the district lot original purchasers with some concerns due to its similarity to the HBC trading post's name. George Hammond, the CEO of the Natural Resources Security Company, bought nine district lots and promoted his community of Fort George in exaggerated and questionable advertisements all over Canada and Britain, describing Fort George in glowing terms as being
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#17327731672624524-667: The east side. In the 2014 municipal election, the people of Prince George voted in favour of removing fluoride from their drinking water in a non-binding referendum. Prince George's new mayor and city council, at their first meeting, decided to follow the wishes of its voters. Fluoridation of the city's water supply ended in December 2014. The Prince George airshed has many local sources of various air pollutants including several major industrial sources (pulp mills, sawmills and an oil refinery), vehicle emissions, locomotives, uncovered coal cars, unpaved and paved road surfaces, vegetative burning and residential and commercial heating. Because
4611-412: The existence of this custom, the report of which is due to Father Morice. According to Lizette Hall's (1992) father, Louie-Billy Prince, who had been Father Morice's houseboy and knew him well, Father Morice pestered the Dakelh so persistently on the origin of the name that they finally told him the story about widows carrying ashes to satisfy him. An alternative hypothesis is that it refers to the fact that
4698-540: The flooding of the area. The damming triggered "devastating changes for First Nations communities whose traditional territories lay in their path, including the destruction of Aboriginal gravesites, territories, livelihoods, and archaeological sites." In 1957, Alcan opened the spillway gate to Skin's Lake, desecrating Cheslatta graves, which came to public attention during the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples . In 1951, Borden began survey and excavation of
4785-511: The future hub of British Columbia, the " Chicago of the north", and having mild winters and being suitable for any agricultural endeavour. Hammond claimed the existence of buildings and facilities in advertising when none existed at the time. Lots sold in 1912 for $ 400, rising to $ 500-$ 1,000 by 1913. Ten paddle steamer sternwheelers serviced the area, coming up on the Fraser River from Soda Creek docking at both South Fort George and Fort George Townsite. South Fort George developed close to
4872-562: The hub of British Columbia. Canadian Forces Station Baldy Hughes (ADC ID: C-20) was constructed in 1952 as a General Surveillance Radar station. It was located 35.9 km (22.3 mi) south-southwest of Prince George, and was closed in 1988. It was operated as part of the Pinetree Line network controlled by the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD). Today the former station
4959-416: The ice by piping water from a pulp mill steam plant 2.7 km (1.7 mi) to the jam area where it would be mixed with well water and poured into the river at a temperature of 15 °C (59 °F). In the interim an amphibious excavator was used for 10 days to move some of the ice. Costing C$ 400,000 to build and C$ 3,000 per day to run, the "Warm Water System" was completed on January 29, by which time
5046-566: The ice jam had grown to 25 km (16 mi) long. As a result of long-term lobbying from local groups (championed by local advocate Sheldon Clare, and members of 396 Air Cadet Squadron, 2618 Army Cadet Corps, 158 Sea Cadet Corps, 142 Navy League Corps, Branch 43 Royal Canadian Legion , and the Peacekeepers Association) in February 2011, Canadian Armed Forces 39 Canadian Brigade Group Headquarters announced that
5133-399: The ice. Although many Dakelh now have jobs and otherwise participate in the non-traditional economy, fish, game, and berries still constitute a major portion of the diet. The Dakelh engaged in extensive trade with the coast along trails known as "grease trails". The items exported consisted primarily of hides, dried meat, and mats of dried berries. Imports consisted of various marine products,
5220-463: The journal of Sir Alexander MacKenzie , uses the term Nagailer . The received view of the origin of the Sekani name aɣelne for the Dakelh, of which the English name is a translation, is that it refers to the distinctive Dakelh mortuary practice in which a widow carried her husband's ashes on her back during the period of mourning. One problem for this hypothesis is that there is little evidence of
5307-415: The late 1800s many Lheidli T'enneh lived in a village built next to the HBC trading post due to the ease of preparing furs and trading directly, without great distances to travel. In 1903, the area's fortune began to change when reports said that the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (later part of Canadian National Railway ) would pass near the fur trading post. In 1906, agricultural settlement began around
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#17327731672625394-437: The late 1980s and 1990s resulted in a short term boom in the forest industry as companies rushed to cut dead standing trees before the trees lost value. Sawmill closures (and the creation of 'supermills') occurred around 2005, and the largest pellet mill closed in 2022 due to dwindling supply and lack of a sea port. Mining exploration and development may become the future of Prince George. Initiatives Prince George estimates that
5481-404: The leadership of a hereditary chief, known as a Keyoh holder or keyoh-whudachun. Fish, especially the several varieties of salmon , are smoked and stored for the winter in large numbers. Hunting and trapping of deer , caribou , moose , elk , black bear , beaver , and rabbit provided meat, fur for clothing, and bone for tools. Other fur-bearing animals are trapped to some extent, but until
5568-465: The most important of which was "grease", the oil extracted from eulachons (also known as "candlefish") by allowing them to rot, adding boiling water, and skimming off the oil. This oil is extremely nutritious and, unlike many other fats, contains desirable fatty acids. Other important imports were smoked eulachons and dried red laver seaweed . "Grease" and smoked eulachons are still considered by many to be delicacies and are prized gifts from visitors from
5655-477: The most part sub-boreal forest, dotted with numerous lakes. There are numerous rivers, all ultimately draining into the Pacific Ocean , mostly via the Fraser River. The climate is continental, with cold winters during which the rivers and lakes freeze over and a short growing season. The area is hilly, with mountains of modest size. The Rocky Mountains form the eastern boundary of the Dakelh territories, but
5742-515: The near defunct HBC post, along the Fraser River after being purchased in 1909 by the Northern Development Company, with lots going on sale in 1910. BC Express Company paddle wheelers landed in South Fort George and the area grew with speculation about the railway coming to the area. South Fort George would remain its own community until 1976 when it incorporated into the City of Prince George. Properties were sold in both of
5829-487: The new name but they were unsuccessful. In May 1915, residents voted by plebiscite to name the new city as Prince George with a vote of 153–13. With the onset of World War I in 1914, the local economy was devastated as many local men enlisted and the construction of the Pacific Great Eastern Railway was halted, creating a massive drop in population. Many men enlisted in Prince George from
5916-418: The new subdivisions of Spruceland, Lakewood, Perry and Highglen were built. Then, in 1975, Prince George amalgamated and extended its borders to include the Hart area to the north, Pineview to the south and the old town of South Fort George to the east. Low-lying areas adjacent to the confluence of the rivers, which can freeze, mean that those areas suffer recurring flooding. In late 2007 an ice jam formed on
6003-606: The planned Kemano reservoir that would flood the canyon, a large part of Dakelh hunting territory in Tweedsmuir Park . In 1951, he received funding from Alcan and the British Columbia Ministry of Education to undertake salvage archaeology at the "Carrier Indian site". In 1951, Borden and his protégé, anthropology student Wilson Duff , located over 130 sites of importance to Cheslatta T'en history. They conducted more intensive investigations prior to
6090-418: The preservation of the original village cemetery. The band committed to relocate by June 1912. The vote for this agreement saw 32 in favor and one against, and three abstentions. The timeline was difficult to keep as new buildings had to be constructed. Delays in contracts being awarded by the government to build a new village meant that few could move by the deadline and Band members planted crops needed later in
6177-488: The provincial average, and 22% did not complete high school, similar to the 19% provincial average. According to the 2021 census , religious groups in Prince George included: For three consecutive years, from 2010 to 2012, Maclean's named Prince George the most dangerous city in Canada, with its crime rate being 114% above the national average. In 2011, the magazine cited gangs, drug-related crimes, and nine homicides as
6264-399: The reason for its high crime rate, although the magazine did state that the city's crime rate is declining each year. In 2016, Prince George was named #4 on the list of the most dangerous cities for violent crime in Canada. In 2023, there were 8 homicides reported in Prince George giving the city a murder rate of 10.4 per 100,000 people. The economy of Prince George in the first decade of
6351-635: The site and returned to work there every summer until he retired in 1970. His final article published in Science in 1979 was based on excavations of early microblade assemblages at Namu in 1977. The Carrier people speak the Carrier language , which is endangered. As an ethnic term, Carrier or Dakelh includes speakers of both the Dakelh language proper and its sister language Babine-Witsuwit'en , both of which are endangered languages . Seven bands form
6438-598: The southeast. Shortly after that the Nazko reaches its confluence with the West Road River. The Nazko River is within of the tradition lands of the Chuntezni’i, Euchinico, and Lhoosk'uzt'en bands of the Dakelh people. Today the Nazko First Nation includes Indian Reserves around the community of Nazko, British Columbia. Dakelh The Dakelh (pronounced [tákʰɛɬ] ) or Carrier are
6525-472: The surrounding communities and were primarily sent to Vernon, BC for training before being shipped overseas. 17 names of soldiers who died in World War I are inscribed on the cenotaph, although many more enlisted. Population decline continued with the ensuing Spanish flu epidemic of 1918. The epidemic took at least fifty lives in the area, including First Nation's leaders. Prince George persevered through
6612-521: The townsites with railway speculation driving up prices. By 1913, South Fort George and Fort George each had a population of around 1,500 and were booming as thousands of rail construction workers came to town for supplies and entertainment. Both communities believed that the Grand Trunk Pacific station would be built in their town, and both were disappointed when the railway purchased the 553 ha (1,366 acres) of land in between them from
6699-460: The unemployed. In the 1920s air transport began with sea planes and landing on Central Avenue. In the 1930s Prince George saw air transport increase and became a hub for air mail to Takla Landing , Fort St. James , and Mansons Landing , later including stops in Edmonton , Whitehorse , and Fort Nelson and an airport was developed by Carney Hill (The Golf Course today). In 1939, Prince George
6786-620: The war saw 2,027 in 1941 rising to 3,800 in Prince George by 1945. After the war, as the ravaged European cities rebuilt, the demand for lumber skyrocketed and Prince George, with its abundance of sawmills and spruce trees, prospered. Finally, in 1952, after 40 years of construction, the Pacific Great Eastern was completed and joined with the CN line at Prince George, and with the completion of Highways 16 and 97, Prince George finally fulfilled George Hammond's long ago promise of being
6873-629: The west. The route by which Sir Alexander MacKenzie and his party reached the Pacific Ocean in 1793 in the first crossing of North America by land was, from the Fraser River westward, a grease trail. Other examples include the Cheslatta Trail and the Nyan Wheti . They use the berries of Vaccinium vitis-idaea to make jam. They take a decoction of the entire plant of Viola adunca for stomach pain. The Southern Carrier use
6960-593: The year. The June 1912 payment was withheld as the DIA saw the planting as refusal to leave. Chief Louis argued that the agreement stated that the payment was to be made in June and was not contingent on relocation. Winter was also coming and the crops would be needed if the new village was not built or supplies given to the Band. The new village was completed in 1913 with Band members moving there in September. The old village
7047-611: Was believed to be a factor in the crash and the Coroner's inquest found that Pynn died "through his own neglect and complete disregard for the Aeronautical Regulations of Canada." The wreckage is still there; however, most pieces are less than 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in length. In 1964 the first pulp mill , Prince George Pulp and Paper was built, followed by two more in 1966, Northwood Pulp and Intercontinental Pulp. New schools and more housing were needed and
7134-457: Was destroyed "to force the Indians away" and ensure that it was not reoccupied. The Fort George Herald reported the destruction of the old village as "the torch of the white man will be thrust into the remaining houses and the village will disappear quietly in a cloud of smoke". Indian Agent W. J. MacAllan's accounts of the situation reveal a need on his part and the part of the GTP to strong arm
7221-420: Was difficult to definitively say certain deaths are caused by pollution because it's not a factor that is easily recognizable." In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Prince George had a population of 76,708 living in 31,793 of its 33,643 total private dwellings, a change of 3.7% from its 2016 population of 74,003. It has a metro census agglomeration population of 89,490. With
7308-403: Was not particularly fertile for agriculture and the Band suffered economically. The site of the old village and the HBC post would become Fort George Park (renamed Lheidli T'enneh Memorial Park in 2015). The Cemetery would become Reserve No.1A. There were three rationales given for naming the new city as Prince George : Businessmen in Fort George petitioned the provincial government to block
7395-409: Was selected as a spot for an aerodrome, and construction began on what is now Prince George Airport . Army Camp Prince George was opened during WWII and once housed 6,000 soldiers. From March 1942 to October 1943, divisional troops and units of the 16th Infantry Brigade ( 8th Canadian Infantry Division ) were housed there. The camp was located in the area of 1st Street, Central Street, 15th Avenue, to
7482-615: Was used by the British Columbia Forestry Service from the late 1940s to 1963. It is now owned by the City of Prince George for use by the Community Arts Council. The Nechako Bottle Depot on First Avenue is also another former camp building. Others include the first Overwaitea store, at Victoria and Third, formerly a barracks and the original civic centre, which was the old drill shed, was removed and rebuilt on Seventh Avenue. Population during
7569-521: Was −50.0 °C (−58.0 °F) on 2 January 1950 at Prince George Airport . Prince George's drinking water is taken from the Nechako and Fraser Rivers via ten wells. The raw water is disinfected with sodium hypochlorite . The local government treats sewage in a treatment facility in the Lansdowne area, on the west side of the Fraser River, or one of three other smaller treatment facilities on
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