45-615: Nagore is a town in the Nagapattinam District , Tamil Nadu , India . It is located approximately 12 km South of Karaikal and 5 km North of Nagapattinam . Nearby towns are Karaikal , Tiruvarur , and Velankanni . It has a population of approximately 39,000. The prime attraction of the town is the Nagore Dargah Shareef. A sixteenth-century Islamic shrine, Nagore Dargah attracts millions of pilgrims irrespective of caste, creed or religion. Nagore
90-420: A Municipal Commissioner, who is the executive head. The legislative powers are vested in a body of elected members from each ward of the municipality. The legislative body is headed by an elected Chairperson assisted by a Deputy Chairperson. Nagapattinam District was formerly a part of Thanjavur District . The district boundary is shared by Tiruvarur, Karaikal, Tanjore and Cuddalore districts. Its population at
135-560: A Roman Catholic church built during the 17th century. Pilgrimage to the basilica is common during September when people of many faiths, especially Hindus, Muslims and Christians of all denominations visit the basilica. Dutch Coromandel Coromandel was a governorate of the Dutch East India Company on the coasts of the Coromandel region from 1610, until the company's liquidation in 1798. Dutch presence in
180-613: A fort named Geldria at Pulicat as a defense from other invading armies' kings and the Portuguese, from where they soon monopolized the lucrative textiles trade with the East Indies and other countries in the region. Under pressure from the Dutch, an English trading post was established in 1619, but this post was disbanded in 1622. The Dutch establishment met with stiff resistance from the Portuguese, who conducted several attacks on
225-461: A key economic role for the town even though fishing is the major occupation. Kayarohanaswami Temple , a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva , is located in Nagapattinam. The temple has been in existence from the 6th century CE and has been revered by the verses of Tevaram , the 7th–8th century Saiva canonical work by Appar , Sambandar and Sundarar . The temple is one of the seven temples of
270-434: A scale of one thousand in rural areas of the district is 19.9, urban is 17.8 and the combined birth rate is 18.85. The death rate on a scale of one thousand in rural areas of the district is 8.2, urban is 6.7 and the combined rate is 7.45. Tamil is the predominant language, spoken by 99.56% of the population. There are a total of 891 elementary schools, 185 middle schools, 83 high schools and 79 higher secondary schools in
315-408: A subsequent hoisting of the Dutch flag. F. C. Regel was installed as the new governor of Dutch Coromandel, who now went by the title of opperhoofd . Regel was succeeded in 1824 by the young administrator Henricus Franciscus von Söhsten . The restoration of Dutch rule did not last long. On 1 June 1825, seven years after the possessions were restored to the Dutch, Dutch Coromandel was again ceded to
360-420: Is a 14-day event celebrated for the annual urs (anniversary) of the saint Hajrath Shahul Hamid (1490–1579 CE), for whom the minaret was built. The festival is celebrated in commemoration of the anniversary of the saint's death, and pilgrims from various religions participate in the rituals and rites. The festival is also seen as a sacred exchange between Hindus and Muslims expressing solidarity of mixed faith in
405-595: Is revered in Nalayira Divya Prabandham as Nagai in the 5th to 9th century CE Vaishnava canon, by Alvars . It is considered one of the important temples visited by Thirumangai Alvar. Appar and Tirugnanasambandar , the 7th-century saint poets refer to the city as Nagai in their verses in Tevaram . The town was originally called "Nagai"; the word Pattinam was attached during the Chola era when
450-464: Is the border line town between Tamilnadu and Puducherry. Beach is very neat and calm which is tail end of river Cauvery. District collector offices is just 3 km away from this town. Nagapattinam District Nagapattinam district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India . Nagapattinam district was carved out by bifurcating the erstwhile composite Thanjavur district on 19 October 1991. The town of Nagapattinam
495-466: Is the district headquarters. Until Mayiladuthurai district was created out of it on 24 March 2020, Nagapattinam was the only discontiguous district in Tamil Nadu. Nagapattinam is derived from Nagar , referring to people, and pattinam referring to town. In Tamil Pattinam and paakkam depicts coastal towns. The town was also called Cholakula Vallipattinam during the Chola period, when it
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#1732772913331540-602: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Dutch architects and scholars now intend to support efforts to restore these early Dutch settlements. The Dutch Hospital building in Pulicat dating from 1640 is to be renovated in the near future. Sadras still features a Dutch fort and a cemetery. Although the remains of Fort Vijf Sinnen and the Dutch cemetery in Nagapattinam have almost completely vanished,
585-597: The Bay of Bengal and on the south by the Palk Strait . On the coast between Tharamgambadi and Nagapattinam lies the small district of Karaikal , an enclave belonging administratively to the Puducherry Union Territory . This is the only district in Tamil Nadu to be formed out of two disjoint regions. The district headquarters, Nagapattinam, is located in the southern part which is less populated than
630-577: The Kew Letters written by Dutch stadtholder William V , British troops occupied Dutch Coromandel to prevent it from being overrun by the French. Dutch governor Jacob Eilbracht capitulated to the British on 15 July 1795. In 1804, British forces blew up Fort Geldria . The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 restored Dutch Coromandel to Dutch rule. A commission under the leadership of Jacob Andries van Braam
675-542: The Tirumangai Alvar , one of the 12 poet saints called Alwars of the 6th–9th century. The other prominent Hindu temples in the district are Sikkal Singaravelan Temple at Sikkal , Vedaranyeswarar Temple at Vedaranyam , Ettukudi Murugan Temple and Koothanur Maha Saraswathi Temple . Nagore Durgha , a 16th-century minaret located in Nagore , is an important pilgrimage centre of the town. The Kanduri festival
720-435: The 11th century CE, Chudamani Vihara , a Buddhist monastery was built by Javanese king Sri Vijaya Soolamanivarman with the patronage of Raja Raja Chola . Nagapattinam was the prominent port of Cholas for trade and conquering gateway to the east. In the early 16th century the Portuguese made commercial contacts with the town and established a commercial centre in 1554 CE. The Portuguese also conducted missionary enterprise in
765-408: The 2001 Census was nearly 1.5 million. The district has seven taluks , eleven administrative blocks, eight town panchayats, and four municipalities. Five of the talukas are coastal, and all are named after their main towns, which are their administrative centres. From north to south, they are Nagapattinam , Kilvelur , Thirukkuvalai (non-coastal), and Vedaranyam . It is bordered on the east by
810-533: The 7th-century poets Appar and Sambandar mention that the town had fortified walls, busy roads, buildings and a busy port. The inscriptions from the Kayarohanswami temple indicate the construction was initiated during the reign of the Pallava king, Narasimha Pallava II (691 – 729 CE). A Buddhist pagoda was built under Chinese influence by the Pallava king and town was frequented by Buddhist travellers. In
855-540: The Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). According to the 2011 census , Nagapattinam district had a population of 698,094 with a sex-ratio of 1,025 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 26.94% of the population lived in urban areas. A total of 165,245 were under the age of six, constituting 84,335 males and 80,910 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 30.51% and 0.23% of
900-710: The British, owing to the provisions of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 . Except for two short breaks, Dutch rule of Pulicat lasted for 214 years between 1606 and 1825 till the King of Arcot acceded Chingleput District (which included Pulicat village) to the British in 1825. Pulicat today bears silent testimony to the Dutch, with the Dutch Fort dating back to 1609 in ruins, a Dutch Church and Cemetery with 22 protected tombs dating from 1631 to 1655 and another Dutch Cemetery with 76 tombs and mausoleums protected by
945-551: The Dutch Saint Peter's Church, Nagapattinam still remains standing. Near Masulipatam , there are remnants of the Dutch-built Bandar Fort and a Dutch cemetery. Bheemunipatnam features two Dutch cemeteries and some remnants of Dutch colonial buildings. Tuticorin , which was governed from Dutch Ceylon until 1796, but became a residency of Dutch Coromandel in 1817 after Ceylon was relinquished to
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#1732772913331990-529: The Thyagaraja cult, classified as Saptha Vidangam , where the deity Thyagaraja is believed to portray different dance styles. The temple is also known for the shrine of Neelayadakshi, the consort of Kayarohanaswami. Soundararajaperumal Temple is a Hindu temple in Nagapattinam dedicated to Vishnu . It is one of the Divya Desams , the 108 temples of Vishnu revered in Nalayira Divya Prabandham by
1035-564: The coast of Negapatam, as it was then known: the first in 1758 as part of the Seven Years' War and the second in 1782 as part of the American Revolutionary War . The town was taken by the British from the Dutch in 1781 (who had been formally brought into the war in 1780). When the Dutch and British reached a peace agreement in 1784 , Nagapattinam was formally ceded to the British. 277 villages, with Nagore as
1080-548: The district is carried out by Panchayat Unions (or Town Panchayats) in rural areas. These panchayat unions have a set of panchayat villages under them. In urban areas, the governance is done by municipal corporations, municipalities or town panchayats based on the size of the town; each of these has a set of wards. The functions of the municipality are devolved into six departments: general administration/personnel, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, Town Planning, and Information Technology (IT). The municipalities are administered by
1125-539: The district. The Collector is the administrative head of each district and is the principle representative of the government for the district. The Collector's main responsibilities include revenue administration, Executive Magistracy, maintaining law and order, licensing and regulatory functions, disaster management, civil supplies, public distribution, social welfare, excise, transport, mining, labour laws, elections, legal affairs, census, general administration, treasury management and co-ordination with various departments of
1170-568: The eastern coast, 350 kilometers down south of the State capital Chennai and of Tiruchirappalli . It has an average elevation of 9 metres (30 ft) above the mean sea level. The district has a coastline of 187 kilometres (116 mi). In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Nagapattinam one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640 ). It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from
1215-572: The end proved useless in the 1781 siege of Negapatam , in which the British took the fort. In the Treaty of Paris of 1784 , which ended the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War of which this siege was part, Nagapattinam was not restored to Dutch rule, but instead remained British. The headquarters of the colony shifted back to Pulicat. By the early 18th century, Pulicat's population has been estimated to have declined to just over 10,000. In 1746,
1260-621: The first VOC mint in India was established in Fort Gelria where, initially, "Kas" copper coins with VOC monogram and a Sanskrit legend were minted. The Pulicat mint operated till 1674, when a new mint was established at Nagapattinam. These coins were widely used in Ceylon . The headquarters of the colony shifted to Nagapattinam in 1690, after the Dutch had begun working on their Fort Vijf Sinnen three years earlier. The heavily armed fort in
1305-608: The fishing community who resided close to the seashore. The damage impacted the fishing industry, as most of the boats were damaged by the inundation. The immediate aftermath created a lull in tourism. The district shares borders with Tiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu and Karaikal district of the union territory Puducherry . The district of Nagapattinam lies on the shores of the Bay of Bengal between latitude 10.7906 N and Longitude 79.8428 E an area of 1,397 square kilometres (539 sq mi). The District capital, Nagapattinam lies on
1350-514: The harbor. In 1611, Venkatatapati turned against the Portuguese and the Jesuits were ordered to leave Chandragiri and the Dutch were permitted to build a fort at Pulicat. The Portuguese tried unsuccessfully to recapture Pulicat in 1614, 1623, and 1633, but never succeeded. From 1616 to 1690, Pulicat was the official headquarters of Dutch Coromandel. Manufacture of cloth for export was the sole occupation of several indigenous groups in Pulicat and
1395-541: The headquarters, were handed over to the East India Company . From 1799 to 1845 CE Nagapttinam was the headquarters of Tanjore district. Nagapattinam and Nagore were incorporated as a single municipality in 1866 CE. The town remained one of the chief ports to the Madras Presidency . The port suffered decline after the inclusion of Tranquebar and Tuticorin . The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
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1440-477: The hinterlands of Tamil, Telugu and Kannada territories, and it is likely that over 1,000 handlooms operated in Pulicat alone. In the 1620s, the Dutch East India Company established a gunpowder factory in Pulicat. Its output was so substantial that for several decades it was able to keep many of the major Dutch trading centers in the East Indies and homeward-bound fleets well supplied. In 1615,
1485-480: The monsoon failed, resulting in a devastating famine. In the larger towns of Pulicat and Santhome alone the death toll was put at 15,000 and only one third of the textile weavers, painters and washers survived. Cloth prices increased 15% and little was available even at that price. An even more significant cause of the Dutch decline was conquest of the area by the Golconda forces commanded by Mir Jumla . Owing to
1530-486: The mouth of the lake requesting water. Local Muslims offered food and help to the Dutch. They struck a trade partnership to procure and supply local merchandise to the Dutch for trade in the East Indies . Empress Eraivi, a wife of Emperor Venkata II of Vijayanagara , ruled Prelaya Kaveri and during her reign in 1608 the Dutch East India Company was given permission to build a fort and do trading. They built
1575-491: The name Nagappattinam engraved in Tamil letters. Under an agreement between the first Maratta King Egoji of Thanjavur and the Dutch, Naagappattinam and surrounding villages were handed over to the Dutch on 30 December 1676. In 1690, the capital of Dutch Coromandel moved from Pulicat to Nagapattinam. This town fell into the hands of the British in 1781 after the two naval battles between British and French fleets were fought off
1620-492: The northern one. The district has two Lok Sabha constituencies, namely Nagapattinam Lok Sabha constituency . The current Member of Parliament from the Nagapattinam constituency is M. Selvarasu from the CPI. There are a total of three legislative assembly constituencies in the district, namely, Kilvelur , Nagapattinam and Vedaranyam . Out of these Kilvelu constituencies is reserved for Scheduled Caste (SC). Tourism plays
1665-529: The population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 75.04%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The district had a total of 413,837 households. There were a total of 671,994 workers, comprising 54,329 cultivators, 216,353 main agricultural labourers, 7,925 in household industries, 207,721 other workers, 185,666 marginal workers, 13,153 marginal cultivators, 128,704 marginal agricultural labourers, 3,630 marginal workers in household industries and 40,179 other marginal workers. The birth rate on
1710-696: The region began with the capture of Pulicat from the Portuguese in Goa and Bombay-Bassein . Coromandel remained a colony of the Kingdom of the Netherlands until 1825, when it was relinquished to the British according to the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 . It was part of what is today called Dutch India . In 1606, a Dutch ship stopped on the shores of the Karimanal Village near Pulicat , north of
1755-496: The region. It is believed that 60 percent of the shrines were built by Hindus and historically the minaret has many domestic and international visitors. There are three other prominent mosques; one near Nagai Pudhur Road, one near the new bus stand and another at Moolakadai Street. Velankanni is a pilgrimage centre located 10 km (6.2 mi) from Nagapattinam. The town is known for the Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health ,
1800-446: The state and central governments. The Collector is also the head of various committees formed at the district level for the various central and state government schemes. There are 32 districts in Tamil Nadu, each divided for revenue administration purposes into revenue divisions , which are further divided into Talukas . Each of these Talukas has a list of revenue villages and is headed by a Tahsildar. Developmental administration of
1845-608: The town emerged as an important port. Nagapattinam district was an important region of the Chola kingdom . There are urn burials in and around the city from the Sangam period indicating some level of human habitation. The neighbouring port, Kaveripoompattinam (modern day Poompuhar), was the capital of the Chola kingdom of the Sangam Age, referred to widely in Tamil scriptures like Paṭṭiṉappālai . The early works of Tevaram by
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1890-432: The town. In 1658, the Dutch established an agreement with King Vijaya Nayakkar of Thanjavur on 5 January 1662. Ten villages were transferred from the Portuguese to the Dutch – Nagappattinam Port, Puthur, Muttam, Poruvalancheri, Anthanappettai, Karureppankadu, AzhingiMangalam, Sangamangalam, Thiruthinamangalam, Manjakollai, Nariyankudi. Ten Christian churches and a hospital were built by the Dutch. They also released coins with
1935-460: Was an undersea megathrust earthquake that occurred on 26 December 2004, with an epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra , Indonesia, triggering a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean. Nagapattinam was one of the regions severely affected in Tamil Nadu, accounting for 6,064 of the 8,009 casualties in the state, predominantly from
1980-762: Was installed by the Dutch East Indies government on 28 June 1817 to effect the transfer of the Dutch possessions on the Indian subcontinent, which arrived on the Coromandel Coast in January 1818. After protracted negotiations, the Dutch possessions were eventually handed over on 31 March 1818, with a ceremonial striking of the Union Jack in Fort Sadras, the new capital of Dutch Coromandel, and
2025-422: Was one of the important ports. Ptolemy refers to Nagapattinam as Nikam and mentions it as one of the most important trade centres of the ancient Tamil country . This view is doubtful as there is no contemporary evidence to prove the existence of the town as a metropolis in the name of "Nikama" or "Nikam". Nagapattinam was referred to by early writers and the Portuguese as "the city of Coromandel ". The place
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