63-563: Neu! ( pronounced [nɔʏ] ; German for "New!"; styled in block capitals) were a West German krautrock band formed in Düsseldorf in 1971 by Klaus Dinger and Michael Rother following their departure from Kraftwerk . The group's albums were produced by Conny Plank , who has been regarded as the group's "hidden member". They released three albums in their initial incarnation— Neu! (1972), Neu! 2 (1973), and Neu! 75 (1975)—before disbanding in 1975. They briefly reunited in
126-543: A popular music distinct from traditional German music and American pop. The period contributed to the development of ambient music and techno , and influenced subsequent genres such as post-punk , new-age music , and post-rock . Krautrock has been described as a broad genre encompassing varied approaches, but commonly drawing on psychedelia , avant-garde collage, electronic sounds, and rock music , while typically featuring "improvisation and hypnotic, minimalistic rhythms." Los Angeles Magazine summarized
189-458: A "genuine sense of awe and wonder." We were trying to put aside everything we had heard in rock 'n' roll, the three-chord pattern, the lyrics. We had the urge of saying something completely different. —Jean-Hervé Peron of Faust . Core influences on these German artists included avant-garde composers Karlheinz Stockhausen and Terry Riley , and bands such as the Mothers of Invention ,
252-554: A box set that included all of Neu!'s recordings including material that appeared on the Neu! 4 album (now officially released as Neu! '86 ). Neu! Vinyl Box was released in May 2010 and Neu! '86 followed as a standalone release later that year. The box set included some of the 'live' recordings from 1972 on a maxi single. In 2010 Rother teamed up with Steve Shelley (of Sonic Youth ) and Aaron Mullan (of Tall Firs ) for Hallogallo 2010,
315-721: A couple of old substandard Neu! recordings on the Japanese Captain Trip label without Rother's knowledge or consent. In late 1995, this label released the previously mentioned Neu! 4 recordings from the 1985–1986 sessions. It also released Neu! '72 Live in Düsseldorf (recorded on 6 May 1972), which comprised poorly recorded rehearsals for some abortive live shows, but notable for the inclusion of Eberhard Kranemann, who had briefly been in Kraftwerk with Dinger. A 1999 tribute album, entitled A Homage to Neu! ( Cleopatra Records ), features covers from artists including
378-406: A dinky reminder of why martial arts film fell out of favor during the mid-1970s". J. Doyle Wallis of DVD Talk rated it 4/5 stars and called it "a complete guilty pleasure that leaves you feeling high off its empty b-movie fun". Mike Pinsky of DVD Verdict wrote that the film toys with and subverts many martial arts film cliches, which makes it surprising and entertaining. Most of the music in
441-428: A genre that was quickly labeled Krautrock by journalists and fans." AllMusic noted their penchant for "minimalist melodies and lock-groove rhythms." The band pioneered the "motorik" beat, a minimalist 4/4 beat often used by drummers associated with krautrock. It is characterised by a kick drum -heavy, pulsating groove, that created a forward-flowing feel. It was probably first used by the group on their debut album and
504-472: A humorous umbrella-label for the diverse German scene, and although many such artists disliked the term, it is no longer considered controversial by German artists in the 21st century. Despite this, English-language authors remain critical of it. The movement was partly born out of the radical student protests of 1968 , as German youth rebelled against their country's legacy in World War II and sought
567-483: A jagged outer edge it is still a formidable weapon. The One-Armed Boxer then proceeds to convert a coffin-maker's shop into an elaborate trap. Once the weapon is finally destroyed, the One-Armed Boxer engages the assassin in a duel and defeats him. Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , reports that 90% of 20 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating was 6.9/10. Metacritic rated
630-656: A live project to present Neu! music and some new pieces. He has since toured sporadically with the German trio Camera, performing the work of Neu!, Harmonia and his own solo music, occasionally with Dieter Möbius of Cluster. Since 2014 he has toured with Hans Lampe and former Camera guitarist Franz Bargmann. To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Neu! debut album, Rother played two concerts, Michael Rother & Friends: Celebrate 50 years NEU!. The first in Berlin, on 26 October 2022, and
693-548: A local band called The Spirits of Sound, the line-up of which also included drummer Wolfgang Flür , who would himself go on to join Kraftwerk two years later.) Kraftwerk co-founder Ralf Hütter left the band at this point to complete his studies and, for six months, Kraftwerk consisted of a trio of Rother, Dinger and Florian Schneider . This line-up played sporadic gigs and made a live appearance on German television programme Beat Club . Recording sessions at Conny Plank 's Windrose studio were unsuccessful (Rother later attributed
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#1732772142954756-623: A music collection supposedly used by East German athletes in their training. The music bears excessive inspiration and techniques of the Krautrock genre. Modern bands, such as Osees , King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard and Minami Deutsch have been described as krautrock, or have noted krautrock as influential on their styles. Citations Bibliography Master of the Flying Guillotine Master of
819-540: A new popular culture. Dieter Moebius , of the bands Cluster and Harmonia , noted that "we were a lot of the times on the streets instead of studying. As young people we were not very proud to be German [...] we were all tired of listening to bad German music and imitations of American music. Something had to happen." The movement saw artists merge elements of varied genres such as psychedelic rock , avant-garde forms of electronic music , funk rhythm, jazz improvisation and "ethnic" music styles, typically reflecting
882-571: A pro forma advertising agency himself for the purpose of booking studios. The band's eponymous first album sold just 30,000 records, yet is today considered a masterpiece by many, including influential artists such as David Bowie , Brian Eno , Iggy Pop and Thom Yorke of Radiohead . It included the Motorik benchmark tracks "Hallogallo" and "Negativland" (the band Negativland took their name from this track), and bizarre "songs" like "Sonderangebot". Their second album, Neu! 2 , features some of
945-489: A project that is unreleased to this date. On 25 May 2009, the new record label Feraltone released a compilation CD called Brand Neu! containing tracks by many modern artists who credit Neu! as an influence. Most notably, it featured a track from Michael Rother from the previous Neu! homage album ( A Homage to Neu! ) and a new track by La Duesseldorf.de, one of Klaus Dinger's final recordings before he died. The compilation features both new and established artists from all around
1008-444: A reason to further finance what was most likely to become a flop. To rectify the lack of material, the band filled the second side with manipulated versions of their already-released single "Neuschnee"/"Super", playing back each song at different speeds and sometimes warbling the music by messing with the tape machine or placing the record off center on the turntable. The songs "Super 16" and "Super 78" (slowed down and sped up versions of
1071-461: A second Harmonia album, Deluxe , and further sessions followed with Brian Eno, which were not released until 1997 as Tracks and Traces . In 1977, Rother started recording as a solo artist. His first three albums; Flammende Herzen (1977), Sterntaler (1978), and Katzenmusik (1979) were recorded with Neu! producer Conny Plank. Klaus Dinger, his brother Thomas and Hans Lampe formed La Düsseldorf , cited by David Bowie as "the soundtrack of
1134-493: A second concert in London on 3 November 2022. Neu!'s rhythms and sparse atmospherics have been widely influential on genres such as electronica and punk . Their sound was described as "a droning, hypnotic style made up of Mr. Dinger’s simple, perpetual-motion rhythms and Mr. Rother’s fluid guitar effects" by The New York Times critic Ben Sisario. Sisario called their first three albums "landmarks of German experimental rock ,
1197-444: A series of traps, defeats the assassin's subordinates. Unable to directly confront the deadly assassin himself, the One-Armed Boxer devises a plan that uses misdirection. Taking advantage of the assassin's blindness by using bamboo poles as a lure, each time the blind assassin throws his weapon, it becomes snagged on one of the bamboo poles effectively removing the inner blades of the assassin's deadly weapon; however, as it still contains
1260-515: A succession of other musical styles and developments. Early contemporary enthusiasts outside Germany included Hawkwind and in particular Dave Brock who supposedly penned the sleeve notes for the British edition of Neu!'s first album. Faust's budget release The Faust Tapes has been cited as a formative teenage influence by several musicians growing up in the early 1970s such as Julian Cope , who has always cited krautrock as an influence, and wrote
1323-560: Is a subjective British phenomenon", based on the way the music was received in the UK rather than on the actual West German music scene out of which it grew. For instance, while one of the main groups originally tagged as krautrock, Faust , recorded a seminal 12-minute track they titled " Krautrock ", they would later distance themselves from the term, saying: "When the English people started talking about krautrock, we thought they were just taking
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#17327721429541386-476: Is also used as a German analogue to the English term " space rock ". The style was often instrumental and characterized by "spacy", ambient soundscapes. Artists used synthesizers such as the EMS VCS 3 and Moog Modular , as well as sound processing effects and tape-based approaches. They often rejected rock music conventions, and instead drew on "serious" electronic compositions. The term "kosmische Musik"
1449-536: The Astralwerks label in the United States), packaged with stickers featuring rave reviews by notable artists, including Thom Yorke. Following the release of the first three albums, Dinger and Rother tried but failed to agree on a legal release of Neu! 4 . Rother called the failure of those negotiations "unfortunate". Rother has said that he and Dinger had been considering recording a fifth Neu! album, but
1512-481: The Legendary Pink Dots , Download , Autechre , Dead Voices on Air , Khan , System 7 , and James Plotkin , as well as an original track from Rother entitled "Neutronics 98 (A Tribute to Conny Plank)". Plank had died in 1987. For many years the acrimony and legal wrangling between Rother and Dinger prevented their reaching agreement over licensing arrangements to make Neu!'s music available on CD. In
1575-597: The proto-punk song "Super," respectively) unwittingly became the theme songs to the 1976 martial arts cult classic Master of the Flying Guillotine by Jimmy Wang Yu . This film was later referenced by Quentin Tarantino in Kill Bill Volume 1 by also featuring the track "Super 16". Dinger and Rother were both very different when left to their own devices, and this led to their final album of
1638-431: The 1960s and early 1970s. The music was partially inspired by broad cultural developments such as the revolutionary 1968 German student movement , with many young people having both political and aesthetic concerns. Youth rebelled against both dominant American influence and conservative German entertainment such as schlager music , seeking to liberate themselves from Germany's Nazi legacy in World War II and create
1701-543: The 1970s, Neu! '75 being two solo half-albums. Side One was Rother's more ambient productions which were similar to the first album, albeit more keyboard-driven. Side Two (particularly the song "Hero") was acknowledged as important influence by many later involved in the United Kingdom's punk rock scene, with Dinger's sneering, barely intelligible vocals searing across a distorted Motorik beat with aggressive single chord guitar pounding. To aid with performing on
1764-596: The 2010 Grönland Records Vinyl Box . Krautrock Krautrock (also called kosmische Musik , German for "cosmic music" ) is a broad genre of experimental rock that developed in West Germany in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It originated among artists who blended elements of psychedelic rock , avant-garde composition, and electronic music , among other eclectic sources. Common elements included hypnotic rhythms, extended improvisation , musique concrète techniques, and early synthesizers , while
1827-533: The American and British groups' emphasis on jazz and classical elements in favor of "a droning, pulsating sound that owed more to the avant garde than to rock & roll." Some common musical features exhibited by krautrock artists include: Despite a common approach and generational attitude among artists, the New Statesman argues that "in truth, no two Krautrock acts sound remotely alike. Compare
1890-490: The Flying Guillotine is a 1976 Hong Kong wuxia film directed, written by and starring Jimmy Wang Yu . It is a sequel to Wang's 1972 film One-Armed Boxer , and is also known as One-Armed Boxer 2 and The One-Armed Boxer vs. the Flying Guillotine . Wang Yu reprises his role as Yu Tien Lung, a skilled one-armed Chinese martial artist . In Master of the Flying Guillotine , Tien Lung must defend himself against various martial artists seeking to end his life–including
1953-423: The Flying Guillotine, and relies on others to identify one-armed men, whom he then kills. When the One-Armed Boxer is invited to attend a martial arts tournament, his efforts to lie low are unsuccessful, and the assassin soon tracks him down with the help of his three subordinates competing in the tournament: a Thai boxer , a yoga master, and a kobojutsu user. The One-Armed Boxer leaves the tournament and, using
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2016-508: The UK, in April 1971. The music emerging in Germany was first covered extensively in three concurrent issues of the UK music paper New Musical Express in the month of December 1972, by journalist Ian MacDonald . Its musicians tended to reject the name "krautrock". This was also the case for "kosmische Musik". Musicologist Julian Cope , in his book Krautrocksampler , says "krautrock
2079-804: The Velvet Underground , the Beatles , and Pink Floyd . A significant influence was the work of American minimalists such as Riley, Tony Conrad , and La Monte Young , as well as the late '60s albums of jazz musician Miles Davis , particularly his jazz fusion work on In a Silent Way (1969). The influence of Jimi Hendrix and James Brown on krautrock musicians was also notable. Some artists drew on ideas from 20th century classical music and musique concrète , particularly composer Stockhausen (with whom, for example, Irmin Schmidt and Holger Czukay of Can had previously studied), and from
2142-541: The album (and more importantly, live), Hans Lampe and brother Thomas Dinger were enlisted to help execute more music than was possible by two men. Upon its release, and arguably to this day, Neu! '75 is the most diverse record available from the krautrock scene. While this can be seen as a positive point, the differences in musical direction (as well as personal issues) not only isolated the Dinger/Rother duo, it isolated their already small fan base. Neu! broke up after
2205-459: The book Krautrocksampler on the subject. The genre also had a strong influence on David Bowie 's Station to Station (1976) and the experimentation it inspired led to his ' Berlin Trilogy '. Ash Ra Tempel 's first album, released in 1971, informed later krautrock music. Kosmischer Läufer , a Scottish-German music project with its first installment launched in 2013, presents itself as
2268-459: The dreamy synthesiser washes of Tangerine Dream with the alien noise collages of Faust or the psychedelic funk of Can ." However, a common feature is the " motorik " beat: the 4/4 beat often used by drummers associated with krautrock, characterised by a kick drum -heavy, pulsating groove, that created a forward-flowing feel. The motorik beat was used by Can in the song " Mother Sky ", by Neu! on their debut album , and by Kraftwerk in
2331-409: The earliest examples of musical remixes . The duo, excited about recording another album, decided to expand their horizons by purchasing several new instruments. With the money they had left as an advance from the record company, they could record only half an album's worth of material. The company would not increase their advance because the first album did not sell well enough and the label did not see
2394-487: The eighties". The band released three successful albums; La Düsseldorf (1976), Viva (1978) and Individuellos (1981). Between October 1985 and April 1986, Dinger and Rother tried to rekindle the flame that was Neu! by adding more synthesizers and a slightly more commercial aspect to some compositions, the band sounded like a cross between their old selves and the recent new wave groups. However, they were torn apart again by personal and musical issues. An example of
2457-451: The ensuing vacuum, illegal and inferior-quality bootleg CDs ( mastered from old vinyl records) were distributed by an outfit called Germanofon. This situation was finally resolved in 2001, when Rother and Dinger put aside their differences and entered a studio to transfer the three Neu! albums to CD, from the original master tapes (reportedly mastering each album three times). These were produced and released by Grönland Records (licensed to
2520-428: The epic brawl promised by the alternate title. Nathan Rabin of The A.V. Club called it "a delirious kung-fu saga" that is "wild even by the genre's lenient standards". Rabin concludes, "Goofy Z-movie fun of the highest order, Master Of The Flying Guillotine needs to be seen to be believed, and even then defies belief." Phil Hall of Film Threat rated it 1.5/5 stars and wrote, "[T]his silly production stands as
2583-429: The failure to "a difference of temperament"). Dinger and Rother parted company from Schneider and began Neu! with Plank. Hütter rejoined Schneider and the pair continued recording the second Kraftwerk album with Plank. The band name NEU! ("new!") was inspired by the prevalence of the advertising business in Düsseldorf at the time, according to Dinger, who described it as "the strongest word in advertising" and even owned
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2646-829: The film 57/100 based on eleven reviews. Elvis Mitchell of The New York Times called it "near-great" and "a venerable example of the kung fu genre". Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times wrote, " Master of the Flying Guillotine has been called the Holy Grail of the Hong Kong martial arts movies of the '70s, and now that it has been lovingly restored and given a regular theatrical release, it's easy to see why." Joey O'Bryan of The Austin Chronicle rated it 2/5 stars and called it "a mess" that fails to live up to
2709-509: The film is taken from Krautrock bands, and includes: "Super" (Opening theme) and "Super 16" (Master Fung's theme) from Neu! 's second studio album, Neu! 2 ; "Rubycon, Part One" (The One-Armed Boxer's theme) from Tangerine Dream 's sixth studio album, Rubycon , and "Mitternacht" (Suspense theme), "Morgenspaziergang" (courtyard music) and "Kometenmelodie 2" (End credits) from Kraftwerk 's fourth studio album, Autobahn . The soundtrack has been referenced and sampled extensively, including
2772-451: The genre as "American psychedelica meets icy Germanic detachment." Melody Maker described the style as "where the over-reaching ambition and untethered freakitude of late '60s acid rock is checked and galvanised by a proto-punk minimalism ... music of immense scale that miraculously avoided prog-rock 's bombastics.” AllMusic described it as expanding on the territory associated with art rock and progressive rock, but diverging from
2835-400: The idea was aborted after personal disagreements resurfaced between them. Dinger died of heart failure on 21 March 2008. Rother said that he was unaware of Dinger's illness until just before he died. Rother writes and produces solo albums. Before his death, Dinger was a member of the band La! Neu? - whose name also irritated Rother - as well as collaborating with Miki Yui and band sub-tle. in
2898-534: The master of two fighters (the Tibetan lamas) who were killed in the previous film. The title refers to the assassin's weapon, the "flying guillotine", which resembles a hat with a bladed rim attached to a long chain. Upon enveloping one's head, the blades cleanly decapitate the victim with a quick pull of the chain. The Boxer's adversary is the assassin Fung Sheng Wu Chi, who is blind, is an expert user of
2961-403: The mid-1980s. Although Neu! had minimal commercial success during their existence, the band are retrospectively considered a central act of West Germany's 1970s krautrock movement. They are known for pioneering the " motorik " beat, a minimalist 4 rhythm associated with krautrock artists. Their work has exerted a widespread influence on genres such as electronica and punk . Neu!
3024-400: The music generally moved away from the rhythm & blues roots and song structure found in traditional Anglo-American rock music . Prominent groups associated with the krautrock label included Neu! , Can , Faust , Tangerine Dream , Kraftwerk , Cluster , Ash Ra Tempel , Popol Vuh , Amon Düül II and Harmonia . The term "krautrock" was popularised by British music journalists as
3087-474: The new experimental directions that emerged in jazz during the 1960s and 1970s (mainly the free jazz pieces by Ornette Coleman or Albert Ayler ). Moving away from the patterns of song structure and melody of much rock music in America and Britain, some in the movement were drawn to a more mechanical and electronic sound. Until around 1973, the word Deutsch-Rock ("German Rock") was used to refer to
3150-484: The new groups from West Germany. Other names thrown around by the British and American music press were "Teutonic rock", "Überrock" and " Götterdämmer rock". West Germany's music press initially used Krautrock as a pejorative, but the term lost its stigma after the music gained success in Britain. The term derives from the ethnic slur " kraut ". "Kraut" in German can refer to herbs, weeds, and drugs. The term
3213-513: The piss ... and when you hear the so-called 'krautrock renaissance', it makes me think everything we did was for nothing." Kosmische Musik ("cosmic music") is a term which came into regular use before "krautrock" and was preferred by some German artists who disliked the English label; today, it is often used synonymously with krautrock. More specifically, it may describe 1970s German electronic music which uses synthesizers and incorporates themes related to space or otherworldliness; it
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#17327721429543276-565: The release of Neu! '75 . Neu! are highly praised in Julian Cope 's Krautrocksampler , along with other krautrock artists such as Kraftwerk and Can , and Cope has also written a song called "Michael Rother" which appears on CD2 of the Deluxe edition of the album Jehovahkill . In 1974, Rother had already collaborated with German electronic duo Cluster , recording as Harmonia an album titled Musik Von Harmonia . In 1975, he recorded
3339-490: The sharp contrast between Dinger and Rother was evidenced by such tracks as "Crazy", Rother's attempt at pop, and "'86 Commercial Trash", a Dingerian collage of dialogue and sound effects from Germany's television commercials of that year. The work that took place in these sessions would later resurface as Neu! 4 in late 1995. Dinger and Rother did not work together during the 1990s, and indeed some degree of bitterness existed between them, not least because Dinger had released
3402-554: The song " Autobahn " on their album of the same name , later being adopted by other krautrock bands. It has been widely used in many different styles of music beyond krautrock. According to XLR8R , the term krautrock is often used by critics to signify the "mesmerizing motorik rhythms pioneered by Can and Neu!", but contested that "they represent merely a tiny fraction of the music that emerged from Germany during krautrock's Golden Age". Krautrock emerged in West Germany during
3465-423: The style as "cosmic rock" to signify that the music belonged in a rock idiom. German producer Conny Plank was a central figure in the kosmische sound, emphasizing texture, effects processing , and tape-based editing techniques. Plank oversaw kosmische recordings such as Kraftwerk 's Autobahn , Neu! 's Neu! 75 , and Cluster 's Zuckerzeit . Several of these artists would later distance themselves from
3528-662: The term. Other names for the style, and for sub-genres were "Berlin School" and "Dusseldorf School", both of which are recognised and actively contributed to by artists such as Node, Martin Sturtzer, Propaganda, Kraftwerk, Tannheuser and Fritz Mayr, from the 1980s through to the present day. The style would later lead to the development of new-age music , with which it shared several characteristics. It would also exert lasting influence on subsequent electronic music and avant-garde rock . Krautrock has proved to be highly influential on
3591-477: The title character, a blind lama from Tibet who seeks revenge for two lamas killed by Tien Lung in the first film and is a master of the deadly "flying guillotine" weapon. Director Quentin Tarantino has claimed Master of the Flying Guillotine to be among his favorite films. A prequel titled Fatal Flying Guillotine was released in 1977, without Wang Yu's involvement. The film concerns Wang's one-armed martial arts master being stalked by an imperial assassin,
3654-583: The use of "Super 16" in Tarantino's Kill Bill . Quentin Tarantino has cited the film as "one of my favorite movies of all time." The character Dhalsim from the Street Fighter video game series has been compared to the Indian assassin in the film. In The Boondocks episode " Stinkmeaner 3: The Hateocracy ", the Hateocracy member Lord Rufus Crabmiser used a flying guillotine disguised as
3717-423: The world including Oasis , Primal Scream , Kasabian , School of Seven Bells , Ciccone Youth (Sonic Youth), Holy Fuck and the young band Pets With Pets from Australia. This was to outline the enormous influence of Neu! which spans multiple decades and countries. The rights to the Neu! back catalogue are jointly owned by Rother, Dinger's estate and Plank's widow, Christa Fast. Rother worked with them to produce
3780-428: Was coined by Edgar Froese and later used by record producer Rolf-Ulrich Kaiser as a marketing name for bands such as Ash Ra Tempel , Tangerine Dream, and Klaus Schulze . The following year, Rolf-Ulrich Kaiser 's Ohr Records used the term when he released the compilation Kosmische Musik (1972) featuring tracks by Tangerine Dream, Klaus Schulze, Ash Ra Tempel, and Popol Vuh . Kaiser eventually began referring to
3843-462: Was formed in 1971 in Düsseldorf as an offshoot from an early line-up of another seminal krautrock band, Kraftwerk , whose early works were also produced by Conny Plank . Drummer Klaus Dinger had joined Kraftwerk midway through sessions for their eponymous debut album . Guitarist Michael Rother was then recruited to the Kraftwerk line-up on completion of the album. (Rother had been playing in
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#17327721429543906-951: Was later adopted by other krautrock bands. Dinger himself later referred to it as the "Apache beat". Artists such as David Bowie, the Sex Pistols, Sonic Youth, Stereolab , and Tortoise have drawn on the work of Neu! in their music. Siouxsie and the Banshees cited the band in their influences. Japanese experimental group Boredoms cite Neu! as a prominent influence on their later sound, evident in their unique application of tape manipulation remix techniques and driving 4/4 rhythms pioneered by Rother and Dinger. All Neu! albums on Brain Records were reissued in 2001 by Astralwerks and Grönland Records . All Neu! albums on Captain Trip Records have at least in part been re-released as part of
3969-466: Was originally used by Virgin records in 1972. Various sources claim that "krautrock" was originally a humorous term coined in the early 1970s, either by British disc jockey John Peel or by the UK music newspaper Melody Maker , in which experimental German bands found an early and enthusiastic following. The first use of the term however, was found in a full-page advertisement from Popo Music Management and Bacillus Records promoting German Rock in
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