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40-679: The first arena opened in 1914 but burned down in 1924. The new arena was started but went bankrupt; it was bought by Abraham Podoloff and his sons Nathan and Maurice and completed in 1927. It held over 4,000 people. The Arena hosted the American Hockey League 's New Haven Eagles from 1936 to 1952, the New Haven Blades of the Eastern Hockey League from 1954 to 1972, the New Haven Elms of

80-530: A 24-second shot clock during a scrimmage. Jack Andrews, longtime basketball writer for The Syracuse Post-Standard , often recalled how Ferris would sit at Danny Biasone's Eastwood bowling alley, scribbling potential shot clock formulas onto a napkin. According to Biasone, "I looked at the box scores from the games I enjoyed, games where they didn't screw around and stall. I noticed each team took about 60 shots. That meant 120 shots per game. So I took 2,880 seconds (48 minutes) and divided that by 120 shots. The result

120-591: A 25-second shot clock. This was because the shot clocks then installed at the league's main venues, the Araneta Coliseum and Rizal Memorial Coliseum (the latter no longer used by the league), could only be set at 5-second intervals. The league later adopted a 24-second clock starting from the 1995 season . The Metropolitan Basketball Association in the Philippines used the 23-second clock from its maiden season in 1998. In Philippine college basketball,

160-401: A 30-second clock originally and switched to 24 seconds in 2006. Collegiate basketball uses a 30-second shot clock (details below ). The NBA had problems attracting fans (and positive media coverage) before the shot clock's inception. Teams in the lead were running out the clock , passing the ball incessantly. The trailing team could do nothing but commit fouls to recover possession following

200-567: A 557-game schedule. He introduced the BAA's collegiate draft in 1947, and in 1954 instituted the NBA's 24-second shot clock created by Dan Biasone , owner of the Syracuse Nationals , and his executive vice-president, Leo Ferris , which quickened the pace of games and improved NBA basketball from a slow plodding game to a fast-paced sport. That same year, he increased national recognition of

240-405: A field goal before the shot clock expires; otherwise, the team has committed a shot clock violation (also known as a 24-second violation in leagues with a 24-second shot clock) that results in a turnover to their opponents. An important distinction is that there is no violation if the ball is in flight to the basket when the shot clock expires, as long as the ball leaves the player's hand before

280-474: A goal. Shot clocks are used in several sports including basketball , water polo , canoe polo , lacrosse , poker , ringette , korfball , tennis , ten-pin bowling , and various cue sports . It is analogous with the play clock used in American and Canadian football , and the pitch clock used in baseball . This article deals chiefly with the shot clock used in basketball. The set amount of time for

320-411: A shot clock in basketball is 24–35 seconds, depending on the league. This clock reveals how much time a team may possess the ball before attempting to score a field goal . It may be colloquially known as the 24-second clock , particularly in the NBA and other leagues where that is the duration of the shot clock. If the shot clock reaches zero before the team attempts a field goal, the team has committed

360-408: A shot clock violation, which is penalized with a loss of possession. At most professional and collegiate basketball courts the shot clock is displayed to the players and spectators in large red numerals below the game clock on a display mounted atop each backboard. In some collegiate and amateur facilities this display might be located on the floor or mounted to a wall behind the end line. A shot clock

400-404: Is a digital clock that displays a number of seconds or not. The shot clock is usually displayed above the backboard behind each goal, allowing offensive players to see precisely how much time they have to shoot and officials to easily determine whether buzzer beaters should be counted. The NBA specifies that a transparent shot clock and game clock that displays said times on both sides be part of

440-408: Is remaining in the period, the shot clock is switched off. During this time, a team cannot commit a shot clock violation. The shot clock apparatus itself is considered out of bounds and not part of the backboard . The shot clock operator sits at the scorer's table. This is usually a different person from the scoreboard operator, as the task requires concentration during and after the shot attempt. In

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480-511: Is used in conjunction with a game clock but is distinct from the game clock which displays the time remaining in the period of play. The shot clock was originally introduced in the NBA in 1954 as a way to increase scoring and reduce stalling tactics that were commonly used before its inception. It has been credited with increasing fan interest in the then-fledgling league, and has since been adopted at most organized levels of basketball. The shot clock

520-577: The St. Paul Dispatch to write, "[The Pistons] gave pro basketball a great black eye." NBA President Maurice Podoloff said, "In our game, with the number of stars we have, we of necessity run up big scores." A few weeks after the Pistons/Lakers game, the Rochester Royals and Indianapolis Olympians played a six-overtime game with only one shot in each overtime: in each overtime period,

560-582: The de facto 1st commissioner in NBA history. Podoloff was born to a Russian Jewish family in the Russian Empire , on or about August 18, 1890. Doubt remains about birthplace and birthday; some claim he was born in Yelisavetgrad , but he himself said he did not know exactly: "I guess they didn't keep records in Russia in those days", he said. "I was born on either Aug. 18 or Aug. 31, and it

600-477: The 2016-17 NBA season , a new 'official timekeeper' deal for the NBA with Swiss watch manufacturer Tissot introduced technology to unify the keeping of the shot clock and the game clock. Tissot also became official timekeeper for the WNBA in the 2017 season. American collegiate basketball uses a 30-second shot clock, while Canadian university basketball uses a 24-second clock. In men's collegiate basketball, there

640-648: The Eastern Professional Basketball League in 1965 and 1966, and Yale Hockey from 1914 to 1917 (at the first Arena) and from 1927 to 1959. The Rolling Stones , the Kinks , Bob Dylan , The Doors , Joan Baez , The Supremes , The Temptations , Cream and many music icons of the 1960s held concerts at the Arena. Perhaps one of the most famous incidents in the Arena's history occurred on December 9, 1967 when Jim Morrison , front man for

680-656: The NCAA Basketball Championship (Philippines) and the UAAP Basketball Championship adopted a 30-second clock, then switched to 24 seconds starting with the 2001–02 UAAP season 64, the first season to start after the FIBA rule change in 2001. The shot clock begins counting down when a team establishes possession, and stops any time the game clock stops (e.g., timeouts , violations, fouls). The offensive team must attempt to score

720-439: The "stall ball" strategy can be used in a state or league, but depending on the organization, itself comes with restrictions on its use by the game officials, with overuse of it often being whistled as a foul or an unsportsmanlike act. Others may allow stalling completely, at the risk of fan disinterest. As the cost of a shot clock system can be cost-prohibitive, its use in high schools has been debated on that consideration and not

760-471: The 1970–71 season. The NCAA specifies 20 seconds rather than 30 after stoppages where the ball is already in the frontcourt. In 2019, it added offensive rebounds to this list. The National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), which sets rules for high school basketball in the U.S., does not mandate the use of a shot clock, instead leaving the choice to use a clock and its duration up to each individual state association. In concert with this,

800-507: The NBA adopted a modified version of the shot clock. The American Basketball League used a 30-second shot clock for its two years in existence (1961–1963). The American Basketball Association also adopted a 30-second clock when it launched in 1967–68 , switching to the NBA's 24-second length for its final season (1975–76) . From its inception in 1975 , the Philippine Basketball Association adopted

840-518: The NBA immensely by landing its first television contract. During his NBA presidency, he meted out lifetime suspensions to 32 players who were involved in a point shaving scandal in 1951. Among these players were Indianapolis Olympians players Ralph Beard and Alex Groza for their actions at University of Kentucky , and 1951's number one draft pick Gene Melchiorre , for his actions at Bradley University . He stepped down as NBA president in 1963 after having greatly increased fan interest during

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880-496: The NBA's formative years and having improved the overall welfare of the sport of basketball through his foresight, wisdom, and leadership. In his honor, the NBA named its annual league Most Valuable Player trophy the Maurice Podoloff Trophy , which lasted until 2022. Podoloff was subsequently honored with a new trophy dedicated in his name for the team with the best regular season record. In 1974, Podoloff

920-683: The New Haven Division of the FBI . Maurice Podoloff Maurice Podoloff ( Yiddish : מוריס פודולוף ; August 18, 1890 – November 24, 1985 ) was an American lawyer and a basketball and ice hockey administrator. He served as the president of the Basketball Association of America (BAA) from 1946 to 1949, and the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1949 to 1963, making Podoloff

960-469: The arenas by the turn of the millennium. The main producer was Daktronics . By 2010, the 2-sided transparent shot clock was getting popularity. In the 2014-15 season , the NBA signed a deal with Tissot, a Swiss watch company, to use the 2-sided transparent shot clock, which was thinner than its predecessors. But in many international leagues and the colleigate level, the older 3-sided and 4-sided shot clocks are still in use. Two later pro leagues that rivaled

1000-462: The backboard assembly, and FIBA, EuroLeague, and many venues use this arrangement. Three signals indicate when the time to shoot has expired: In the final five seconds to shoot, the shot clock displays tenths of seconds. This was adopted in the 2011–12 NBA season . The NBA has had a 24-second limit since 1954. FIBA introduced a 30-second shot clock in 1956 and switched to 24 seconds in 2000. The Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) had

1040-442: The ball in its frontcourt (such as a foul by the defense not resulting in free throws), the offense is guaranteed 14 seconds. The shot clock is increased to 14 if it showed a shorter time. On a held ball (whether decided by a jump ball or a possession arrow ), the state of the shot clock depends on which team gets possession of the ball. Near the end of each period, if the shot clock would ordinarily display more time than there

1080-540: The best players in the National Basketball League , Podoloff negotiated a merger with the NBL to form the National Basketball Association , or NBA, in 1949. His great organizational and administrative skills were later regarded as the key factor that kept the league alive in its often stormy formative years. As president, Podoloff expanded the NBA to as many as 17 teams in three divisions and worked out

1120-625: The flow of the game. While previous proposals for a national shot clock had been denied by the NFHS as recently as 2011, in the spring of 2021 the NFHS agreed to allow its member associations the option of a shot clock, with a mandatory 35-second duration, starting in 2022–23. As of August 2021, 11 states either require a shot clock in high school competition or will begin using one starting in 2022–23: California, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska (Class A only), New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Washington. Before 2022–23,

1160-617: The free throw. Frequent low-scoring games with many fouls bored fans. The most extreme case occurred on November 22, 1950, when the Fort Wayne Pistons defeated the Minneapolis Lakers by a record-low score of 19–18, including 3–1 in the fourth quarter. The Pistons held the ball for minutes at a time without shooting (they attempted 13 shots for the game) to limit the impact of the Lakers' dominant George Mikan . It led

1200-410: The offensive team is fouled and the penalty does not include free throws but just an in-bounds pass, the shot clock is reset. There are several cases where the offense is not given a full 24 seconds. The shot clock is instead set to 14 following an offensive rebound. FIBA adopted this in 2014 and the NBA adopted in 2018. The WNBA also observes this rule. In several other cases where the offense inbounds

1240-524: The rock group The Doors, was arrested on stage during a performance, making him the first rock star to be taken into custody during a performance. The arrest was the inspiration for the Doors song "Peace Frog" which was released in 1970. When the New Haven Coliseum was completed in 1972, most of the Arena's business went there. The Arena was demolished in 1974. The site is now the headquarters of

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1280-418: The shot clock expires and the ball proceeds to go into the basket or touch the basket rim. The shot clock resets to its full length at the start of each period and whenever possession changes to the opposite team such as after a basket is scored, the defense steals the ball or recovers a rebound , or the offense commits a foul or violation . The full length varies by country, level of play, and league; see

1320-441: The table below . The shot clock does not reset if a defender makes short contact with the ball (e.g., an attempted steal or a tipped pass) but the offense retains possession, or if a shot attempt misses the rim entirely and airballs . The shot clock also resets when the offense retains possession after a missed field goal or free throw, or on certain fouls or violations that give the offense an inbounds pass in their frontcourt. If

1360-519: The team that had the ball first held it for the entirety of the period before attempting a last-second shot. The NBA tried several rule changes in the early 1950s to speed up the game and reduce fouls before eventually adopting the shot clock. In 1954 in Syracuse, New York , Syracuse Nationals (now the Philadelphia 76ers) owner Danny Biasone and general manager Leo Ferris experimented with

1400-475: The two seasons prior. It was reduced to 35 seconds in the 1993–94 season, and 30 seconds in the 2015–16 season. The NAIA also reduced the shot clock to 30 seconds starting in 2015–16. Women's collegiate basketball (at the time sanctioned by the Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics for Women ) used a 30-second shot clock on an experimental basis in the 1969–70 season, officially adopting it for

1440-606: Was 24 seconds per shot." Ferris was singled out by business manager Bob Sexton at the 1954 team banquet for pushing the shot clock rule. Biasone and Ferris then convinced the NBA to adopt it for the 1954–55 season , a season in which the Nationals won the NBA Championship Originally, the shot clocks used in the NBA were usually 2-sided in a black box. But around 1995, 4-sided cube and 3-sided triangular shot clocks began to be used, and would be in most of

1480-436: Was demolished in 1974. A distinguished lawyer , he was of impeccable character and instrumental in professional basketball's development and success. On June 6, 1946, already serving as president of the American Hockey League , he was appointed president of the newly formed Basketball Association of America (BAA), becoming the first person to lead two professional leagues simultaneously. After BAA teams signed several of

1520-671: Was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame , and in 2011 was inducted into the American Hockey League Hall of Fame. He was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1989. Shot clock A shot clock is a countdown timer used in a variety of games and sports, indicating a set amount of time that a team may possess the object of play before attempting to score

1560-437: Was initial resistance to the implementation of a shot clock for men's NCAA basketball, due to fears that smaller colleges would be unable to compete with powerhouses in a running game. However, after extreme results like an 11–6 Tennessee win over Temple in 1973, support for a men's shot clock began to build. The NCAA introduced a 45-second shot clock for the 1985-86 season; several conferences had experimented with it for

1600-782: Was somewhere in Ukraine , possibly near Odessa ." In young boyhood his family immigrated to the United States, where he graduated from Hillhouse High School in New Haven, Connecticut in 1909, and then from Yale University in New Haven with a law degree in 1915., In 1926, Podoloff opened the New Haven Arena on Grove Street in downtown New Haven with his father and two brothers. The Arena held over 4,000 people and hosted ice hockey, concerts, and circus events before it

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