143-628: Republiek is a Dutch republican pressure group advocating the replacement of the Dutch Monarchy with a de jure parliamentary republic , founded in January 1998 in Amsterdam by Ewout Irrgang and Elisabeth van der Steenhoven, under the previous name Nieuw Republikeins Genootschap ( NRG ). It is a member organisation of the Alliance of European Republican Movements and is currently
286-500: A democratic republic , sought complete equality and the eventual abolishment of the aristocracy as well. As the latter group grew in size and radicalised, this led some Old Patriots to reverse their allegiance back to Orange. Discontented with the hereditary system of allocating posts, the decline of the Dutch East India Company 's Asian trade, unemployment in the textile industry and the desire of democratisation,
429-457: A failed coup d'état by Frederick Henry's son and successor, stadtholder William II, Prince of Orange , led to the rise of the Loevestein faction under leadership of Johan de Witt , which sought to establish a republic without Orange. Indeed, after William II's failed power grab and unexpected death, the provinces of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders and Overijssel decided not to appoint
572-643: A brief annexation by France, in which Napoleon ruled directly over the Netherlands (1810–1813), William Frederick of Orange returned to restore his dynasty following Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Leipzig . The anti-French reactionary and Orangist ambiance amongst the Dutch populace, and the military forces of the conservative Sixth Coalition that occupied the Low Countries, allowed him first to establish
715-568: A conservative to a liberal, and agreed to the far-reaching Constitutional Reform of 1848 on 11 October 1848. He accepted the introduction of full ministerial responsibility in the constitution, leading to a system of parliamentary democracy , with the House of Representatives directly elected by the voters within a system of single-winner electoral districts . Parliament was accorded the right to amend government law proposals and to hold investigative hearings. The States-Provincial, themselves elected by
858-494: A council of state, elected by citizens, to take the most important decisions, and replace the murderous and pillaging royal mercenary armies by an unpaid draft army of citizens that defends its own country for self-preservation. If this council of state is large and representative enough, there will never be a majority in favour of war, because of all the suffering, destruction and high taxes it will cause. Pastor and philosopher Frederik van Leenhof (1647–1715), who secretly admired
1001-703: A critical look at the last week's news. Because of 22 March 2015 episode in which he mocked the Dutch monarchy by proclaiming himself "Pharao of the Netherlands" and launched a citizens' initiative to confirm it, Lubach was awarded the title of Republican of the Year 2015 by the New Republican Society . In early 2017, the Zondag met Lubach video "The Netherlands welcomes Trump in his own words" that ridiculed United States President Donald Trump while at
1144-483: A discussion on the topic), and Prime Minister Kok said he would only discuss his views on modernisation of the monarchy during his explanation of the General Affairs 's budget on Prinsjesdag . On Prinsjesdag 2000, Kok made no proposals to the effect of amending the kingschap; he merely suggested that after elections, Parliament itself could host a consultative debate on who should be appointed informateur , but
1287-605: A few weeks after Queen Sophie of Württemberg 's death, to raise French opera singer Émilie Ambre to 'comtesse d'Ambroise', granting her a luxurious residence in Rijswijk and expressing the intent to marry her without the cabinet's consent, led to political upheaval. His cousin Prince Frederick demanded William to abdicate if he were to continue his plans. Eventually, William conceded and married 20-year-old Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont instead. All of these actions gave
1430-438: A free Republican or State-wise Government." In Aanwysing der heilsame politike Gronden en Maximen van de Republike van Holland en West-Vriesland (1669), he attacked the monarchy even more viciously. Philosopher Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), who regularly cited De la Court's works, described in his unfinished Tractatus Politicus (1677) how the ideal state, a democratic republic, should function. According to Spinoza, kings have
1573-534: A great impact on him and increased his doubts about religion. After primary school, he went to the Maartenscollege in Haren . The choice was made in part because his father had promised to raise the children religiously on his mother's deathbed. At the Maartenscollege, Lubach met his first great love, on whom many of the fictitious characters in his later work were based. Lubach went on to study Spanish at
SECTION 10
#17327725185091716-472: A huge national media storm. Although the overwhelming majority of initial reactions was negative, the premature revelation of the Republican Society's mere existence succeeded in breaking the taboo of questioning the monarchy by sparkling nationwide public discussion on the Dutch form of government. However, due to its exclusivity and lack of activities, several dissatisfied republicans founded
1859-501: A joke at the Noorderslag festival; it is a parody of American rapper Eminem and British singer Dido 's song Stan . It is about a fan , Jelle, who disappointedly sings (in second person singular) about De Kast singer Syb van der Ploeg, blaming him for not replying to his messages. In 2014 Kygo released a song named Firestone , which was written by Arjen Lubach and Martijn Konijnenburg , who worked on it together. The song
2002-623: A letter that urged them to vote conservative. Although the conservatives won, they did not attain a majority. Nevertheless, the cabinet did not step down. In 1867, William attempted to sell Luxembourg to France , to both restore the European balance of power after the unexpected Austrian defeat in the Austro-Prussian War (1866), and alleviate his personal financial troubles. His decision greatly angered Prussia (artificially agitated by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck ), triggering
2145-591: A liar ever since, documents from the Royal House Archive in 2004 revealed he had written the truth. William II , who was more popular than his father, was also more willing to listen to his advisors. When the Revolutions of 1848 raged throughout Europe, with nationalists and liberals revolting and sometimes killing noblemen and royals in the process, William II was genuinely concerned for his safety and to lose his powers. Overnight, he changed from
2288-413: A mistake. Joanna claimed she had been "silenced". Since the investiture, Joanna and the "It is 2013" movement were rarely heard from again. On 22 March 2015, during his satirical show Zondag met Lubach , comedian Arjen Lubach launched a satirical citizen's initiative to have himself proclaimed Pharaoh of the Netherlands. The initiative, intended as a statement against the monarchy (200 years after
2431-430: A natural tendency to pursue their own personal interests, and entrust large portions of power to confidants (who lack any official mandate, but often de facto run the country if the king is a weakling). These confidants are often noblemen, making it an aristocracy instead of a monarchy in practice. The best monarchy is a quasi-monarchy, a crowned republic in which princes have as little power as possible. Spinoza proposes
2574-787: A new stadtholder at all, beginning the First Stadtholderless Period (1650–1672/5) in five of the seven United Provinces. Moreover, after the Dutch Republic was defeated by the Commonwealth of England in the First Anglo-Dutch War (1652–1654), the States of Holland led by Johan de Witt were forced to sign the Act of Seclusion , meaning William's son William III of Orange was excluded from holding
2717-402: A parody of ABN AMRO online banking . The bank eventually backed off when Buro Renkema refused to take the flash video down. Early 2007, Lubach was part of the jury in the show Lama Gezocht . From late 2007 on, he presented De Nieuwste Show for BNN from Monday till Thursday together with Patrick Lodiers . Since September 2009, Lubach and Edo Schoonbeek co-produce the " Rap service " under
2860-576: A plan for a 'modern kingship' as an alternative: the king should be 'at a distance, but have authority', comparable to the German president . According to him, the king's membership of the government, chairmanship of the Council of State, role as initiator of the formation and signer of laws was 'outdated', but De Graaf was also against a completely ceremonial Swedish model. GreenLeft, including both Halsema and Rosenmöller, backed De Graaf. The response from
3003-613: A prince whenever they so desired. The works' main purpose was to justify the Revolt against the Spanish Empire, and the independent existence of the emergent Dutch Republic. Modern historians agree that ever since the stadtholderate of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (1625–1647), the Princes of Orange had sought to turn the Dutch Republic into a monarchy under their rule. The 1650 imprisonment of several pro-States regenten and
SECTION 20
#17327725185093146-490: A reconciliation by then. Eventually, they decided not to participate in the 1967 general election . Amsterdam Liberal Party (VVD) council member Hans Gruijters refused to attend the wedding reception ("I've got better things to do"), and later criticised the police actions against the protesters. The royalist VVD leadership reprimanded him, after which Gruijters discontentedly left the party. Together with Hans van Mierlo , Erik Visser, Peter Baehr and others, he decided it
3289-465: A republic and 88% the monarchy. Ex-provo Roel van Duijn said he expected tough actions against the monarchy during the investiture, even more fierce than in 1966 when he led them himself. On 30 April 1980, Queen Juliana abdicated in favour of her daughter Beatrix in Amsterdam. That day, squatters chose to protest en masse, because they felt their demands for more housing were not being met by
3432-503: A republic grew by 14% (5% > 19%), but the popularity of the monarchy stabilised after 2003 to 85% (2013). According to an April 2014 TNS NIPO survey commissioned by the Evangelische Omroep , it slightly increased to 89%. In 2005, 2007 and since 2009 every year before Koningsdag , opinion pollster Maurice de Hond inquires people's attitudes towards the monarchy and a possible future republic. His results, which include
3575-490: A republic, and 22% in favour of a republic, whilst 13% had no opinion on the matter. However, half of participants opined the royal house was too expensive, whilst 42% did not think so. In an annual survey amongst 500 people above the age of 18, market research firm Synovate noted a small increase in republicanism between 2007 and 2011 from 14% to 18%. According to its last inquiry in September 2011, three quarters (73%) of
3718-426: A sign that said: "Weg met de monarchie. Het is 2013." ("Down with the monarchy. It's 2013"). From 2020, the board of Republiek will be formed by a General Board and a Daily Board. The daily board has a seat on the general board and is supported in its activities by a campaign team. Floris Müller has been chairman since 2020, Bram van Montfoort has been working as a campaign manager since 2018. Republicanism in
3861-428: A statement (Part II, Article 4) that it sought to introduce an elected head of state, thereby henceforth officially striving to abolish the monarchy. The PvdA overwhelmingly won the 1977 elections , but failed to form a new government. It is likely that Juliana would have already abdicated in 1978 if there would have been a second Den Uyl cabinet. When Juliana announced her abdication on 31 January 1980, discussions on
4004-432: A step further and advocated for a republic, such as senator Willem Witteveen , party ideologue Paul Kalma and professor Maarten Hajer . A TNS NIPO survey showed that 27% of the population agreed with De Graaf's plea for modernisation, whilst 67% opposed changing the kingship, and 6% wanted an even stronger kingship. In total, 90% wanted to maintain the monarchy, although 44% agreed with Halsema that hereditary succession
4147-776: A subsidy to compensate for the loss of all their possessions in the Netherlands, confiscated by the Batavian government. After losing hope of restoring the Orange dynasty following the disastrous Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland , William Frederick commenced negotiations with First Consul Napoleon of the French Republic . His attempts to be appointed President of the Batavian Republic while forsaking his hereditary succession were unsuccessful, as were his enormous demands of 117 million guilders in compensation for
4290-528: A total of 255 votes, insufficient for a seat. In 2022, a poll commissioned by a republican group showed that a small majority (51%) were in favour of the monarchy. On the 14 October 2023, the GroenLinks-PvdA coalition voted by 52% in party's conference in Rotterdam to put out a supplementary platform for turning the Netherlands in a parliamentary republic. In public debates on the monarchy,
4433-547: Is an umbrella of republican organisations in the seven main European countries that are still monarchies. Early April 2013, the NRG reported having seen its membership grown rapidly with 800 people in the preceding two months (on top of the 1200 there were in January). It attributed this growth to the ' Orange hype ' in the run-up to the investiture of Willem-Alexander later that month. Chair Anjo Clement claimed on 21 April 2013 that
Republiek (political organisation) - Misplaced Pages Continue
4576-605: Is common to refer to certain 'models', based on how other countries are constituted: The Netherlands emerged as a state during the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648), declaring their independence from the Spanish Empire in 1581. After futile attempts to find a hereditary head of state, the Dutch Republic was proclaimed in 1588. However, the war initially had neither the achievement of political independence nor
4719-455: Is currently not present', although it did seek to end the king's role in the cabinet formation . Within the PvdA, the innovative " New Left " movement appeared, publishing the September 1966 manifesto Tien over Rood ("Ten About Red"), of which point 7 read: "It is desirable that the Netherlands become a republic as soon as queen Juliana's reign ends." In October 1968, Klaas Hilberink founded
4862-523: Is now an atheist . Lubach is a vegetarian . In the ZML episode of 1 November 2015, he was still making fun of vegetarians, saying they overdid it, but he did argue that the population as a whole should eat less meat , primarily for environmental reasons . He then demonstratively ate a half sausage slice, and threw away the other half. During the ZML episode of 17 September 2017, Lubach ferociously criticised animal suffering in factory farming , recalling
5005-532: Is part of a dance duo called The Galaxy. The Amsterdam -based DJ duo released their Bass Country Club EP in 2015 with the Barong Family label, which was founded by Yellow Claw . The Galaxy released their second EP, Moon & The Stars EP in late 2016. Lubach described himself as "a republican to the core" and has spoken out against the Dutch monarchy . He considers belief in a God to be something remarkable and has taken an assertive position against
5148-422: Is twice as high amongst PVV voters (29%) than the general public (15%), but still a minority. The costs of the royal house continued to be controversial; the parliamentary opposition succeeded in getting these more transparent, and somewhat confine them. A growing percentage of the population indicated they desired a purely ceremonial kingship, and in the House, several parliamentary groups made efforts to confine
5291-538: The 2017 fipronil eggs contamination , numerous farm fires killing hundreds of thousands of animals and mistreatment of animals in farms (particularly De Knorhof in Erichem ) and slaughterhouses. He then launched a new ironic certification mark for animal-unfriendly meat, whilst commenting on "real meat": "I do not buy that shit anymore". One month later, Lubach jokingly tweeted that the "Zondag met Lubach" menu at his workplace contained many meaty dishes, wondering whether
5434-643: The Confederation of the Rhine in 1806, he took Fulda from him again, after which William Frederick went into Prussian and later Austrian military service instead. The Netherlands became a constitutional monarchy in 1806, after French Emperor Napoleon appointed his younger brother Louis Bonaparte as vassal king over the Kingdom of Holland which replaced the Batavian Commonwealth. After
5577-544: The Den Uyl cabinet convened a crisis meeting, during which the Commission of Three's conclusions were unanimously confirmed, and earnest discussions ensued over which measures should be taken, and the consequences they would have for the queenship of Juliana, who would have threatened to abdicate if her husband were to be prosecuted. A minority of ministers, especially Henk Vredeling (Defence, PvdA), found that prosecution
5720-602: The Dutch States Party , a loose coalition of factions that favoured a republican, in most cases more or less oligarchical form of government, continued throughout the 17th and 18th centuries. In 1610, lawyer Hugo Grotius (1583–1645) wrote On the Antiquity of the Batavian Republic , which attempted to show the States of Holland had always been sovereign (even since the Batavians ), and could appoint or depose
5863-648: The Luxembourg Crisis . Prime Minister Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt was able to prevent war between Prussia, the Netherlands and France by hosting a conference between the Great Powers, resulting in the Treaty of London (1867) . The cabinet was heavily criticised by the liberals in Parliament, because it had threatened the Netherlands' neutrality whilst it should have stayed out of the matter, which
Republiek (political organisation) - Misplaced Pages Continue
6006-529: The Nassau-Weilburg branch, the monarchy was continued there. Queen-regent Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Queen Wilhelmina were able to recover much of the popular support lost under William III. They successfully changed the role of the royal family to symbolise the nation's unity, determination, and virtue. In 1890, when Wilhelmina took office, rumours were spread by Socialist satirical magazine De Roode Duivel ("The Red Devil") that William III
6149-583: The Netherlands Film Festival in 2011, and was shown at other film festivals in Uruguay , Brive and Leeuwarden , and was broadcast on Nederland 2 on 2 December 2011. In 2012, Lubach wrote for Talent United Films the scenario for the television film Honderden Brommers ("Hundreds of Mopeds"). On 31 August 2012, he won the finale of the television show De Slimste Mens ("The Smartest Human") against Mark Huizinga and Jan Rot . From
6292-543: The New Republican Society ( Nieuw Republikeins Genootschap , NRG) in 1998. Members of the NRG do organise actions against the monarchy. However, both groups are currently relatively marginal in Dutch society: the RG does have many prominent members, but not a large following; the NRG had about 2000 members in April 2013. When it became public in 1999 that Crown Prince Willem-Alexander was in relationship with Máxima Zorreguieta ,
6435-466: The Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda and a 5 million guilder indemnity by the Batavian Republic in 1802, whilst renouncing all his claims to the Netherlands. According to republicans, this demonstrated his personal greed and lack of any real devotion to the Dutch people. Moreover, when Napoleon discovered that his vassal William Frederick was secretly plotting with Prussia and refused to join
6578-742: The Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands (1813–1815), a constitutional monarchy. During the Congress of Vienna , in which the European courts designed the Restoration , William lobbied successfully to unite the territories of the former Dutch Republic and Austrian Netherlands under his rule (confirmed by the Eight Articles of London ). Next, he seized the opportunity of Napoleon's return to assume
6721-593: The VARA , and he could be heard as the sidekick of Claudia de Breij and Giel Beelen . In 2007, Lubach did a weekly contribution for the VPRO in the radio programme De Avonden on Radio 6 . Since 2005, Lubach – together with Edo Schoonbeek and Pieter Jouke – has maintained the comedy website Buro Renkema. Some of their items were shown at Pauw & Witteman , Koppensnellers and De Wereld Draait Door . In June 2007, ABN AMRO threatened to sue them, because they created
6864-526: The freedom of education . In 1865, literary critic Conrad Busken Huet famously commented: "One may complain or be proud about it, since 1848 the Netherlands has in fact been a democratic republic with a prince from the House of Orange as hereditary president." During the reign of William III , the Dutch royal house's popularity waned, because William III had much trouble complying to the Constitutional Reform of 1848. He would rather exert
7007-416: The 13th season of Wie is de Mol? , Lubach presents the programme MolTalk on Radio 1 and on the second screen, where he looks forward to and back on every episode of that day. In 2013, Lubach and linguist Paulien Cornelisse started a monthly language segment on De Wereld Draait Door . On Sunday 9 November 2014, the first episode of Zondag met Lubach aired. It is a satirical talkshow, in which he takes
7150-645: The American republican revolutionaries. This was most clearly expressed in the 1781 pamphlet Aan het Volk van Nederland ("To the People of the Netherlands"), anonymously distributed by Joan van der Capellen tot den Pol . Partly thanks to his influence in the States General , the Netherlands became the second country to officially recognise the young American Republic in 1782. Between 1782 and 1787, democratic Patriotism managed to establish itself in parts of
7293-523: The Argentinian regime to be allowed to marry Willem-Alexander. In 1997, Willem-Alexander had said in an interview that if Parliament would not approve his choice of bride, he would relinquish his kingship. Research showed that popular interest in Máxima was limited, and one found there was too much media coverage about the revelation; initially, one half of the Dutch people favoured a potential marriage,
SECTION 50
#17327725185097436-475: The Dutch continued to support the monarchy, but the call for a modernised kingship without any political powers (37%) was on the rise as well. 45% thought the notion that the oldest child should automatically succeed the throne was "outdated". Arjen Lubach Arjen Henrik Lubach ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑrjə(n) ˈɦɛnrɪk ˈlybɑx] ; born 22 October 1979) is a Dutch comedian, author, music producer and television presenter. Between 2014 and 2021 he
7579-564: The Dutch form of government and its democratic order by creating a republican form of government. It aims to achieve this by critically examining incidents and developments and stimulating discussion of the matter. Republiek is active in this field both nationally and regionally. The association only wants to make use of legal means, including both spoken and written word. All forms of physical violence, as well as activities that are contrary to generally accepted forms of behaviour, are explicitly rejected. This includes personal attacks, for example on
7722-703: The European Parliament. The thirteen organizations asked the abolishment of constitutional monarchy throughout the European Union. The petition is an initiative of the Belgian Republican Circle (Republikeinse Kring-CRK). In the Netherlands, the petition was signed by the NRG. In June 2010, several European republican movements, including the NRG, founded the AERM: the Alliance of European Republican Movements . This organisation
7865-453: The House of Orange and the Netherlands is above any discussion.' In response to clamour for discussion on the most desirable form of government from D'66 members, D'66 parliamentary leader Jan Terlouw said discussion itself was good, but wondered "whether striving towards the theoretically best is also the most desirable", concluding that as long as everything works alright, there is no reason for change. The D'66 main board distanced itself from
8008-477: The House of Orange died out, the throne would likely have passed to Prince Heinrich XXXII Reuss of Köstritz , leading the Netherlands into an undesirable strong influence of the German Empire that would threaten Dutch independence. Not just Socialists, but now also Anti-Revolutionary politicians including Prime Minister Abraham Kuyper and Liberals such as Samuel van Houten advocated the restoration of
8151-468: The JOVD main board declared that the JOVD "has no need for a different form of government" at all, "seeing the excellent manner in which queen Juliana has performed her work." VVD chair Frits Korthals Altes said he regretted the JOVD commission's statement, arguing monarchism is not a matter of political opinion, but of 'being Dutch' (implying republicans are not Dutch), and moreover claiming: 'The bond between
8294-618: The Loevesteiners was Pieter de la Court (1618–1685), who rejected monarchism in favour of a republican government in several of his writings. In the preface to the Interest of Holland (1662) he wrote: "No greater evil could befall the residents of Holland, than to be ruled by a Monarch, Lord or Chief: and (...) on the contrary, the Lord God cannot bestow a greater blessing upon a country, built on such foundations, than by constituting
8437-513: The Malieveld in The Hague on 18 November 1918, where Queen Wilhelmina, Prince Henry and the young Princess Juliana were cheered on by thousands of people waving orange flags. After Troelstra's mistake, most Socialists and Social Democrats gradually became monarchists during the 1920s and 1930s. At the birth of Princess Irene on 5 August 1939, SDAP party leader Koos Vorrink declared: 'For
8580-458: The Nazis during the war, had been chosen as the wedding location, and the couple proposed Baarn instead, but the government insisted on the capital. The wedding day on 10 March 1966 saw violent protests, most notably by the anarchist-artist group Provo . They included such memorable slogans as "Claus, 'raus!" (Claus, get out!). The wedding carriage's ride to and from the church in Amsterdam, where
8723-509: The Netherlands Republicanism in the Netherlands is a movement that strives to abolish the Dutch monarchy and replace it with a republic . The popularity of the organised republican movement that seeks to abolish the monarchy in its entirety has been suggested to be a minority among the people of the Netherlands, according to opinion polls (according to one 2023 poll, 37%). In discussions on forms of government, it
SECTION 60
#17327725185098866-416: The Netherlands and Japan had been bribed by aircraft manufacturer Lockheed Martin . Prince Bernhard, Inspector-General of the Armed Forces, appeared to be the Dutch person involved: an inquiry by a Commission of Three showed that he had accepted bribes to the value of 1.1 million guilders to try to persuade Defence to purchase Lockheed aircraft (specifically, the Lockheed P-3 Orion ). On 20 August,
9009-437: The New Republican Fellowship, the Republican Socialists and the Republican Platform. It is unclear if these are still active. The Republican People's Party (1994–2003) partook in the 2002 general election , but failed to gain any seats. There has also been a Republican Modern Party (RmP) since 2000, though it lacks the required number of members to run in elections. Support for the monarchy floated around 80%, unless members of
9152-554: The Northern Netherlands, and the House of Representatives gradually gained influence through a series of constitutional reforms. At first, William I refused to recognise Belgium 's independence, and moreover he thought that if the Netherlands, then a powerful continental empire on paper, were again reduced to the old Dutch Republic's boundaries, there would be no point to a monarchy. His popularity suffered more and more because of his rejection to acknowledge Belgium, whilst maintaining an extremely expensive army that he intended to retake
9295-407: The Provo movement had been stirring up trouble for quite some time, was disrupted by riots with smoke bombs and fireworks; one smoke bomb was thrown at the wedding carriage by a group of Provos. According to several newspapers, there were about a thousand rioters. Many of them chanted "Revolution!" and "Claus, 'raus!". Crowd control barriers and flagpoles were overthrown, bikes and mopeds thrown on
9438-471: The PvdA, which at the time stated in its party platform that the royal house should be replaced by an elected head of state, was disunited: Prime Minister Wim Kok was open to discussion, but said he did not intend to 'change anything about the head of state's constitutional position', as did former Queen's Commissioner Roel de Wit and MP Peter Rehwinkel ; other PvdA members such as senator Erik Jurgens spoke in favour of modernisation, still others went
9581-429: The Republic in Parliament in case the marriage remained childless. The birth of Princess Juliana in 1909 put the question to rest. In Red Week of November 1918, at the end of the First World War , the attempt by activist Pieter Jelles Troelstra to launch a Socialist revolution after the examples elsewhere in Europe, failed. Instead, mass demonstrations in favour of the house of Orange were held, most notably on
9724-550: The Republic. From 1783 onwards, the Patriots formed militia or paramilitary groups called exercitiegenootschappen or vrijcorpsen . They tried to persuade the prince and city governments to allow non- Calvinists into the vroedschap . In 1784, they held their first national meeting. The total number of Patriot volunteer militiamen is estimated to have been around 28,000. The provinces of Holland and Utrecht became strongholds of democratic Patriots in 1785, and William V fled from The Hague to Nijmegen that year. In 1787, he
9867-489: The Republican Democrats Netherlands (RDN) in Hoogeveen , which shortly thereafter sought to merge with the Republican Party Netherlands. Hilberink reported in May 1970 that the RDN would partake in the 1971 general election , but this did not occur. In February 1976, the huge international Lockheed bribery scandals came out during public hearings by an investigative commission of the United States Congress . Key political and military people from West Germany , Italy ,
10010-409: The South with. Opposition within the States-General became increasingly hostile until he finally agreed to sign the Treaty of London (1839) . This necessitated a constitutional reform, during which the parliamentary opposition succeeded in introducing the principle of ministerial responsibility . King William vehemently detested this reform, so strongly that he was unwilling to continue his rule, and it
10153-442: The University of Groningen. When he lost his religion , he concluded that life was pointless, which temporarily led him into an "existential crisis". Later he decided to fill this void by developing his own personal sense of meaning. Lubach then quit his studies and worked as a taxi driver in Groningen for several months, following that by working as a harbourmaster on Vlieland . He subsequently commenced studying philosophy. During
10296-495: The Year to the person that has best encouraged discussion on the abolishment of the monarchy. In 2015, comedian Arjen Lubach was given the award for the 22 March 2015 episode of his satirical talkshow Zondag met Lubach , in which he mocked the monarchy by proclaiming himself "Pharaoh of the Netherlands" and launched a citizens' initiative with more than 100,000 signatures to confirm it. He succeeded Utrecht student Joanna, who in 2013 caused national uproar by publicly protesting with
10439-510: The anti-monarchist statements. According to a February 1980 Algemeen Dagblad survey, only 67% of Dutch citizens had 'much confidence' in Beatrix as the new queen (higher amongst Christian Democrats (CDA) and Liberals, lower amongst D'66 and especially PvdA voters), but 89% remained in favour of the monarchy, 6% had no preference, and only 5% were convinced republicans (CDA and VVD: 3%; PvdA: 11%; D'66: 2%). According to NIPO , 12% favoured
10582-484: The continuously Spanish Catholic-dominated royalist Southern Netherlands, was the unintended, improvised result. As the war progressed however, the House of Orange-Nassau played an increasingly important role, finally accumulating all stadtholderates and military leadership positions within the Dutch Republic by 1590. Struggles between the House of Orange, which gradually built up a dynasty with monarchical aspirations, and
10725-542: The coronation of King William I), obtained the necessary 40,000 signatures within 24 hours (helped by Lubach's appearance on De Wereld Draait Door on 23 March). Although it is unlikely the initiative will be put on the House of Representatives' agenda, Lubach did succeed in sparking a new national debate on the status of the monarchy as a form of government. On 6 May 2015, the Openbaar Ministerie (OM) decided to prosecute activist Abulkasim Al-Jaberi, who
10868-663: The establishment of a republic as its ultimate goal, nor were the Southern Netherlands excluded from it on purpose. Rather, the inability of the Habsburg regime to adequately address religious, social and political unrest (that was originally most pressing in Flanders and Brabant ), led to an irreconcilable situation. An independent Calvinist-dominated republic in the Northern Netherlands, opposed to
11011-501: The eventual choice would remain a royal privilege. D66 responded with disappointment. In November 2000, a tight majority of the D66 party congress backed De Graaf's proposal, whilst over a third of the members voted for a republic. In the 2000s, the royal house had little to fear from republicans, who generally limited themselves to ludic activism and writing opinion pieces. Several more republican initiatives emerged, including ProRepublica,
11154-415: The excesses of religion. Looking back on his own time as a believer, Lubach called it "the biggest brainwash ever. Absolute nonsense". According to him, religion gave him great feelings of guilt about living in sin. He called it "outrageous" that he was taught to pray, but he does not fault his parents. He experienced relinquishing faith as "an enormous liberation" that gave him a greater sense of calm. He
11297-407: The following arguments, amongst others, are employed. There are seemingly contradictory arguments put forward by both republicans and monarchists, that occasionally allows them to find common ground. According to survey agency TNS NIPO , the Dutch monarchy has had about 90% support amongst the Dutch population since 1964, with a small peak in the mid-1990s. Between 1996 and March 2003, the call for
11440-507: The form of government resurfaced in purple political circles, in which republican members, mainly from the youth wings, clashed with the royalist party boards. A motion by the Young Socialists , urging the PvdA to act on its goal of a republic as stated in the party platform, was rejected by the party council and thus not voted on. After a Young Liberals (JOVD) commission declared that an elected head of state would be 'desirable',
11583-436: The formal and informal powers of the monarch, and to reduce the royal house's subsidies. The most important step in this direction was taken during the 2012 government formation, when the House itself took the initiative to appoint a "scout" (verkenner), and later two informateurs , bringing the traditional privilege of the monarch to lead the cabinet formation to an end. The inauguration of Ministers and State Secretaries, too,
11726-462: The general anti-establishment groups, its members came from within the established circles of science, business and journalism (later also politics and education), with the abolishment of the monarchy as its specific and sole goal. At first, the Republican Society decided to operate in secret, but in February 1997, the minutes of its foundational meeting were leaked to de Volkskrant , initiating
11869-537: The general public still resented the German occupation and oppression during the war, and a significant portion of the population opposed the marriage. On the occasion of the marriage, 109 years after Eillert Meeter had published his anti-monarchist book in English, it was translated to Dutch as Holland, kranten, kerkers en koningen . Jewish organisations were offended that Amsterdam, where many Jews had been deported by
12012-404: The government, damaged the state's interests through his actions, he was honourably discharged from his most prominent military functions by Royal Decree on 9 September 1976; he was also no longer allowed to wear his uniform at official events. According to Cees Fasseur , this was "the last great scandal that shook the monarchy to its foundations." In 1977, the PvdA included in its party platform
12155-408: The government, whilst millions were spent renovating royal palaces ( Royal Palace of Amsterdam and Noordeinde Palace ). The protesters' slogan was "Geen woning, geen kroning!" ("No housing, no coronation!"). The squatters teamed up with republicans, autonomists and anarchists , intending to squat several houses or disrupt the coronation ceremony to make their demands heard. Throughout the day, that
12298-543: The ideas of the very controversial Spinoza, held a thinly veiled plea for a kind of meritocratic republic in De Prediker van den wijzen en magtigen Konink Salomon (1700), whilst rejecting monarchy ("without doubt the most imperfect [rule]") and aristocracy . Hereditary succession is worthless; only reason provides legitimacy, and true sovereignty is the common good of the community. Royal standing armies of mercenaries are to be abolished, lest they be used to oppress
12441-679: The king's subjects; instead, the state should train its citizens and form a militia to be able to defend the common good. From the 1770s onwards, the Patriots emerged as a third faction besides the Orangists and Loevesteiners. The Patriots were themselves divided: the aristocratic oudpatriotten or "Old Patriots" (the Loevesteiners' successors) either sought to enter the existing power factions, or to reduce or eliminate Orange's power, but had no desire for democratisation that could threaten their own privileges. The democratic Patriots wanted to found
12584-416: The largest organisation solely campaigning for a republican constitution for The Netherlands. Republiek states that its mission is: "To achieve the abolition of the Dutch monarchy in favour of a democratic republic". Republiek opposes the Dutch monarchy because of its hereditary nature and seeks to form a parliamentary republic through democratic means. Republiek seeks to bridge the discrepancy between
12727-611: The lost domains and alleged debt he demanded from the Batavian Republic. In December 1801, William V issued the Oranienstein Letters , in which he formally recognised the Batavian Republic, as Napoleon demanded as precondition for any compensation. He would later refuse Napoleon's offer of Fulda and Corvey , which arguably demonstrated his selflessness. Unlike his father, however, and despite his father's protestations, William Frederick continued pursuing more financial and territorial compensation, and eventually settled for
12870-463: The majority of Parliament agrees; 4. The government can dissolve one or both Houses of Parliament in case of a conflict; however, if the new Parliament maintains its old standpoint, the government has to give in. The king's personal life was a frequent source of discontent not just amongst Dutch politicians and occasionally the populace, but also abroad (he became exceptionally notorious for his exhibitionism at Lake Geneva ). His solitary decision,
13013-709: The matter, triggering a Streisand effect . That night, the Royal Palace of Amsterdam was defaced with graffiti containing the phrase. On 20 May, king Willem-Alexander told American journalists that he would accept repealing the prohibition on lèse-majesté, regardless of his personal opinion, because "his tongue would fall off if he tried to comment on the issue because it is not in his power to discuss political issues." Debates resurfaced in March 2016, when German comedian Jan Böhmermann mocked Turkish president Erdogan . The House of Representatives resolved in April 2016 that
13156-491: The members of the royal family. The association is open to anyone, regardless of political conviction or social standing, and has both members and sympathisers. The immediate cause of the establishment of the NRG were the celebrations which marked the sixtieth anniversary of Queen Beatrix and the closing of the Dam in Amsterdam for these festivities. On 20 January 1998, the NRG released a Republican manifesto, and on 29 January of
13299-606: The middle and upper classes looked towards the American Revolution and its Declaration of Independence and the Dutch Act of Abjuration and began to reclaim their rights (first written down in the 1579 Union of Utrecht ). The lower classes largely remained supportive of the existing Orange stadtholderian regime, which supported the British Empire against the American rebels. 1780 is generally regarded as
13442-574: The monarchy a bad name, so much so that throughout the 1880s there were serious calls to abolish the kingship. Outspoken republican writers, journalists and their publishers were increasingly Socialist such as Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis (together with Sicco Roorda van Eysinga thought to be behind the 1887 anonymous libel against William III, titled "From the Life of King Gorilla"). Unlike his father though, William III would not pay to keep his critics silent, but had them arrested and jailed or exiled. Seeing
13585-591: The monarchy would not exist in twenty years time, because of the bumpy road Willem-Alexander has had on his way to become king, especially regarding his villa in Mozambique and the denial of Zorreguieta's part in Argentina's dictatorship during the Dirty War . A citizen's initiative on the monarch's salary started by the NRG was signed by over 13,000 people. Each year, the NRG awards the title of Republican of
13728-425: The monarchy, because according to her 'the time is ripe', and she pleaded for the establishment of a parliamentary republic after the German model. Even though an elected head of state was in the election programme of GreenLeft, fraction leader Paul Rosenmöller said he found it 'no urgent matter'. D66 leader Thom de Graaf , opining in April 2000 that there was not enough momentum for a republic, instead presented
13871-548: The monarchy, were part of a general anti-establishment attitude that originated in the 1960s. On 11 September 1996, the Republican Society ( Republikeins Genootschap ) was founded at Het Prinsenhof in Delft . This movement wants the Netherlands to become a republic, but does not undertake any actions to achieve it; rather, it expects this to happen naturally if the topic is discussed often enough in society. Unlike
14014-682: The most successful. On 22 December 1965, the Republican Party Netherlands was founded by Arend Dunnewind and others in Rotterdam. Late February, Prime Minister Jo Cals responded to a concerned RPN letter, assuring them that civil servants could sign up for party membership without being fired. Already in January 1966 a schism occurred and the two splinters registered separately at the Election Council (Kiesraad) in October, although they were already negotiating
14157-590: The name "MC T-Lex" for the AVRO show Koefnoen . Arjen Lubach participated in the TV show Wie is de Mol? in 2010, dropping out in the seventh episode. In June 2010, he and five friends founded the website Recensiekoning ("Review King"), for which he writes regularly. For the NTR and IJswater Films, Lubach wrote the scenarios De Goudfazant ("The Golden Pheasant") and Midzomernacht ("Midsummer Night"). The latter premiered at
14300-479: The needless dissolution of Parliament that had not served the country's interests in any way. This time the cabinet did step down, resulting in a parliamentary victory. The Luxembourg Crisis confirmed the parliamentary system's working, and reduced the royal influence on politics: 1. Ministers have to have Parliament's trust; 2. Using the budget right, Parliament can force Ministers to step down; 3. The King can only exercise his right to appoint or fire Ministers if
14443-578: The new Queen Juliana during 1948–1956. Hofmans divided the royal court into two camps before being forcibly removed after Juliana's husband, Prince Bernhard , leaked information on the power struggle to the German magazine Der Spiegel . But because the Labour Party (PvdA, successor of the SDAP) and all other parties to its political right defended the monarchy in times of need, it was generally relatively safe from threats. A brief peak in republicanism
14586-404: The office of stadtholder of Holland. The legitimacy of necessity of the strange office of stadtholder was increasingly questioned and undermined, especially when it seemed evident that the House of Orange sought to make the office hereditary and had shown the willingness to use military violence in order to increase the stadtholderate's power. The best known and most outspoken author representing
14729-448: The organization in eight years time grew into a union with more than 1,300 members and seven regional offices as of 2006. The society protested the wedding of Crown Prince Willem-Alexander and Princess Maxima Zorreguieta on 2 February 2002. Following the enlargement of the European Union, thirteen Republican organizations from all the monarchies of the EU on 1 May 2004, sent a petition to
14872-634: The other half opposed. Sociologist Pim Fortuyn wrote that the issue illustrated 'that the royal house is an institute from a past age'. In January 2000, the royal house still officially denied any marriage was in preparation. During the PvdA knowledge festival in Nijmegen on 19 February 2000, it was decided that a working group for democratisation would be founded, with the introduction of an elected head of state as its primary issue, which almost all present were in favour of. Early March 2000, MP Femke Halsema (GreenLeft) called for discussion on abolishing
15015-728: The outbreak of the major conflict between Patriots and Orangists, when their opposing policies on the American War of Independence stirred up domestic conflict. When the Republic threatened to join the First League of Armed Neutrality to defend its right to trade with the American colonies in revolt, Britain declared war: the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (1780–1784). The Patriots seized the occasion to try to rid themselves from Orange altogether, and allied themselves with
15158-572: The overwhelming majority of the Dutch people, the national unity and our national tradition are symbolised in the persons of the House of Orange-Nassau. That fact has now been accepted without reservation by the Social Democratic Workers' Party.' Three days later, several Socialist Ministers took office for the first time in the Netherlands. After the war, the royal house was plagued by affairs, most notably of faith healer Greet Hofmans , who managed to exert excessive control over
15301-464: The police officer who removed Joanna probably made a mistake, but everyone can make mistakes and learn from them. Of the six protest locations assigned by the government of Amsterdam , one was used by republicans: the Waterlooplein . Joanna and NRG chairman Hans Maessen, who demonstrated individually against the monarchy, were arrested on Dam Square . The police later admitted the arrests were
15444-430: The possibility of 'Don't know / no answer' show a relatively stable, but structurally lower preference for the monarchy than TNS NIPO: on average, 70% backs the monarchy, 25% is in favour of a republic, and 6% doesn't know or gives no answer. In the run-up to the investiture of Willem-Alexander , De Hond carried out a survey commissioned by Hart van Nederland , which showed that 65% of Dutch people questioned were against
15587-522: The prohibition on insulting a foreign head of state or government member will be abolished, and discussion was resumed on the status of lèse-majesté. The articles in the Wetboek van Strafrecht which criminalised lèse-majesté were later abolished. In 2020, the anti-monarchist Party for the Republic was founded. The party took part in the 2021 House of Representatives elections in two electoral districts with party leader Bruno Braakhuis and obtained
15730-469: The rise of Socialism as a threat, several Liberals who had been traditionally republican, started the Orangist countermovement. The death of William III, who had no male successor (his sons William and Alexander died in 1879 and 1884, respectively), was seized on by Luxembourg to declare its independence by breaking the personal union with the Netherlands on the grounds of the lex Salica ; however, via
15873-506: The royal family engaged in dubious activities. Examples of these are when in 2000, Beatrix went on a winter sport holiday in Austria , that was boycotted by Europe at the time because Jörg Haider 's Freedom Party was in government, or when Willem-Alexander and Máxima had a villa built in Mozambique in 2007, which they eventually abandoned under great pressure. Geert Wilders , leader of the new right-wing populist Party for Freedom (PVV),
16016-495: The royal house came under fire, mainly because Máxima's father Jorge Zorreguieta had been Secretary of State in the repressive Argentinian military regime of Jorge Videla during the Dirty War (1976–1981). Even before there was any official announcement of a marriage, Democrats 66 (D66) and especially GreenLeft and the Socialist Party (SP) responded critically, and demanded Máxima to publicly distance herself from
16159-489: The rumour, the later parliamentarian and senator Louis Maximiliaan Hermans , was sentenced to six months imprisonment for lèse-majesté in 1895 for a different article and cartoon in De Roode Duivel , mocking the two queens. There were considerably more concerns over the royal dynasty's future, when Wilhelmina's marriage with Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (since 1901) repeatedly resulted in miscarriage . Had
16302-547: The same power as his predecessors did. In 1866, after the Second Thorbecke cabinet, he formed a conservative cabinet. That cabinet was immediately voted out in the House of Representatives over the controversial royal appointment of Pieter Mijer to Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies . Instead of dismissing the cabinet, the king dissolved Parliament and organised new elections. All voters received
16445-486: The same time using self-mockery , went viral and was viewed more than 73 million times worldwide. It inspired the similar German late-night satirical talkshow Neo Magazin Royale of Jan Böhmermann to launch a Europe-wide video contest to let every country make its own parody video. In 2001, Lubach and Janine Abbring scored a number 3 hit under the pseudonym of Slimme Schemer ft. Tido. This song, Jelle , originated as
16588-468: The same year former NRG spokesman Erik van den Muijzenberg, under the eyes of the international press, proclaimed the Third Republic of the Netherlands on Dam Square . In 2005, the Republican Society and New Republican Society co-founded the magazine De Republikein ("The Republican"); all 1300 NRG members at the time automatically became subscribers. From a small movement with a few members,
16731-447: The second year, when he also studied Swedish , he met Janine Abbring. With her he made a spontaneous trip to Denmark , where they wrote their first hit single . In August 2006, Lubach's debut novel Mensen die ik ken die mijn moeder hebben gekend ("People I Know Who Knew My Mother") appeared, and in April 2008 his novel Bastaardsuiker ("Brown Sugar"), both at Meulenhoff publishing. In March 2011, Lubach's new novel Lubach Magnus
16874-468: The show Het Monica da Silva Trio . In theatre season 2011 and 2012 they played their show in theatres throughout the Netherlands and Belgium. Lubach started his radio career at OOG Radio, the local broadcasting organisation of the city of Groningen. As a volunteer, he presented a daily programme for two years. In 2003, Lubach got a late night programme as Arjen L at 3FM , at first for the NPS and later for
17017-715: The streets, and in the Kalverstraat a car was pushed over. For a time, it was thought that Beatrix would be the last monarch of the Netherlands. However, over time, Claus became accepted by the public. Until 1965, there were two small explicitly republican parties present in the House of Representatives, both left-wing: the Pacifist Socialist Party (PSP) and the Communist Party of the Netherlands (CPN). The engagement of Beatrix and Claus in June 1965
17160-401: The theatre fellowship Op Sterk Water (with Roel van Velzen and others), with whom he performed at, amongst others, Lowlands , Hard Gelach, Laughing Matters and in theatres in the Netherlands and Belgium. In June 2014, he left Op Sterk Water to present a talkshow. In the summers of 2009, 2011 and 2013, Lubach performed together with comedian Tim Kamps at the itinerant festival De Parade with
17303-714: The title of King William I of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands on 16 March 1815 (confirmed by the Final Act of the Congress of Vienna on 9 June). His authority as an enlightened despot stretched much further now than it had even been under his stadtholder ancestors during the Dutch Republic. After the Belgian Revolution in 1830, the power of the Orange-Nassau family was again restricted to
17446-512: The voter, appointed by majorities for each province the members of the Senate from a select group of upper class citizens. A commission chaired by the liberal Thorbecke was appointed to draft the new proposed constitution, which was finished on 19 June. Suffrage was enlarged (though still limited to census suffrage ), as was the bill of rights with the freedom of assembly , the privacy of correspondence , freedom of ecclesiastical organisation and
17589-586: Was 'outdated'; however, another 44% did not see hereditary succession as a problem at all. On 9 May, De Graaf requested the government to produce a memorandum about the modernisation of the kingship, in which D66 was supported by the PvdA, the SP and GreenLeft (together 75 MPs, 50%). However, the VVD, the CDA and the small Christian fractions (also 75 MPs combined) did not feel the need for a memorandum (although they would not block
17732-541: Was William's sole responsibility as the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. Parliament rejected the cabinet's foreign budget plans in November, leading the cabinet to offer its resignation to King William, but the furious William decided to dissolve Parliament instead. The newly elected House of Representatives maintained its opposition and again rejected the foreign budget, and approved the motion-Blussé van Oud-Alblas, condemning
17875-559: Was a professor at the University of Groningen . Lubach is a great-grandson of Mayor Obbe Norbruis of Schoonebeek and Zuilen (1895–1970). He and his two brothers were raised outside of Lutjegast. Lubach felt like an outsider because his family did not speak the Gronings dialect . He describes his younger self as "complex" and a "kid who stayed indoors". Although he was bullied, he considers his youth to have been enjoyable. His family
18018-449: Was apprehended in November 2014 for publicly saying "Weg met de monarchie. Fuck de koning. Fuck de koningin. Fuck het koningshuis." ("Down with the monarchy. Fuck the king. Fuck the queen. Fuck the royal house."), which constituted lèse-majesté according to the OM. This led to spontaneous outrage on social media with people tweeting #fuckdekoning en masse, and the news media all reporting on
18161-706: Was born as a republican"). In May 1840, journalist, publisher and republican revolutionary Eillert Meeter and 25 comrades were arrested in Groningen after removing a painting of William I from a pub and toasting on the republic. They were suspected of conspiracy against the monarchy, but released three months later because the allegations could not be proven. Nevertheless, the public prosecutor tried to convict Meeter to four years imprisonment for his anti-authoritarian writings in his magazine De Tolk der Vrijheid ("The Spokesman of Freedom"); he fled to Belgium in February 1841, and eventually to Paris. From there, he requested and
18304-521: Was caused by the announced engagement of Crown Princess Beatrix to the German nobleman Klaus von Amsberg on 10 June 1965. Although he had been member of the Hitler Youth and briefly served in the Wehrmacht , an official investigation concluded he had not committed any war crimes. The States-General granted him Dutch citizenship as Claus van Amsberg and approved of the affiance . Nevertheless,
18447-406: Was conducted in public for the first time for the sake of transparency, despite objections by queen Beatrix. In the run-up to the investiture of Willem-Alexander on 30 April 2013, Utrecht student Joanna suddenly made headlines when she protested with a cardboard sign reading 'Weg met de monarchie. Het is 2013' ("Down with the monarchy. It is 2013") in the presence of Queen Beatrix, after which she
18590-483: Was displeased by the 2007 Christmas speech by Queen Beatrix, which he found biased and full of thinly veiled criticism of the PVV. Ever since, he has argued for the king/queen to be deprived of all political powers, but also to maintain a purely ceremonial kingship, although some suspect the PVV and/or Wilders to actually be republican. According to a survey by Maurice de Hond from 2014, the percentage of convinced republican
18733-551: Was finally able to restore his power with the Prussian invasion of Holland . Many Patriots fled the country to Northern France. French revolutionaries supported by the Batavian Legion (consisting of fled Patriots) conquered the Dutch Republic in 1795 , founding the vassal Batavian Republic . The last stadtholder, William V , fled with his son William Frederick to England on 18 January 1795, where they were granted
18876-714: Was granted amnesty by King William II , and moved to Amsterdam. As an investigative journalist, he gathered all kinds of scandalous stories of William II's personal life, including his attempts to become king of France or Belgium, a conspiracy against his own father when he wanted to remarry, and finally the king's secret homosexuality (considered perverse at the time). From 1840 to 1848, King William II frequently paid Meeter well to keep him silent. In 1857, Meeter published his memoires including his findings on royal affairs in English in London, Holland, Its Institutions, Its Press, Kings and Prisons , and although he had been accused of being
19019-451: Was intended as a national celebration of the monarchy, parts of Amsterdam were engulfed in these so-called "Coronation Riots". There were hundreds of injured rioters and policemen, and millions of guilders in damage. The coronation was not interrupted, however, and although it envigorated the squatter movement to radicalise, the event did not inspire a specifically republican movement. The riots, as well as most earlier and later protests against
19162-469: Was necessary; Hans Gruijters (D66) even argued that the monarchy should be relinquished. However, a majority, including PvdA Ministers who were publicly critical about the monarchy, opined that the constitutional establishment could not be endangered and order should return as soon as possible, and feared to lose the vote of the still mostly royalist population during the next elections, in case prosecution were to be pursued. Because Bernhard had, according to
19305-421: Was not her real father, but Emma's confidant Sebastiaan Mattheus Sigismund de Ranitz (1846-1916) [ nl ] . This would undermine the legitimacy of Wilhelmina's reign. Although no hard evidence exists for the allegations, and the consensus amongst historians is that they are false, the rumours were stubborn, and still feature in conspiracy theories circulating in republican circles. The author of
19448-486: Was one of the reasons for his abdication on 7 October 1840. Another was that he threatened to lose what popularity he had left by his marriage with the half-Catholic Belgian courtesan Henrietta d'Oultremont , that many regarded as treason. Acknowledging his failed reign in 1840, he commented "Ne veut-on plus de moi? On n'a qu'à le dire; je n'ai pas besoin d'eux." ("Don't people want me anymore? They only have to say so; I don't need them.") and that "je suis né republicain" ("I
19591-480: Was published by Podium, followed by the thriller IV in 2013, which was nominated for the Gouden Strop . Furthermore, he writes for the VPRO radio, columns for CJP magazine , opinion pieces for NRC Next and scenarios for film and theatre. Lubach worked as a freelance textwriter for radio and television, including Vara Laat , Koppensnellers and De Wereld Draait Door . In 2001, Lubach became part of
19734-528: Was religious: the children went to the Protestant primary school School met de Bijbel ("School with the Bible") , they prayed every day, read from the Bible (which was used to find a solution to pretty much any problem) and went to church every Sunday. Lubach was 11 years old when his mother was diagnosed with breast cancer. She died a year later. The loss of his mother, with whom he was very close, left
19877-514: Was removed by the police, violating her freedom of expression . The incident inspired the foundation of the anti-monarchist "It is 2013" movement, that together with the NRG wanted hold playful activities to call for a referendum on the abolition of the monarchy on 30 April. The police later admitted their mistake, and the soon-to-be-king Willem-Alexander remarked that on the day of his investiture "of course there will be room for dissent. There has to be. Nothing wrong with that." He commented that
20020-514: Was seized upon by the PSP to stress its republican ideas more strongly, but the CPN harshly condemned the PSP's "principally republican" stance in an open letter, stating it considered "the threat of German revanchism" to be much more serious, and "everything that distracts from that, is repulsive." The engagement further inspired the foundation of a number of new parties, of which Democrats 66 would become
20163-413: Was sold without their knowledge. In 2020 Lubach released a book (Dutch: Stoorzender), the story is described in this book. In 2015, Lubach secretly released the song "Justified (Sunrise Funk)" under the pseudonym Hartebees, which became a hit. Radio host Domien Verschuuren discovered Lubach was the artist, because his name was listed as producer on Deezer . In July 2016 it became known that Arjen Lubach
20306-605: Was the host of the weekly news satire television show Zondag met Lubach . Between February 2022 and October 2024, he hosted his next show, De Avondshow met Arjen Lubach. The day after the last episode, he announced that he, along with his whole team, will continue with a new show at RTL from spring 2025. Lubach was born on 22 October 1979 in a hospital in Groningen . He was raised in Lutjegast , where he lived until age 15. Lubach's parents were both lawyers and his father
20449-399: Was time for political innovation. In the political programme of the new party D'66, founded on 14 October 1966, the need for 'radical democratisation' is discussed, meaning 'the voter directly chooses his government' and 'standards of democratic expediency should determine the form of government—monarchy or republic.' However, the party explained that 'the reason to change the form of government
#508491