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89-546: The Archdiocese of New York is the second-largest diocese in the United States by population, encompassing 296 parishes that serve around 2.8 million Catholics, in addition to hundreds of Catholic schools, hospitals and charities. The archdiocese also operates St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers, New York. The archbishop is also the metropolitan of the larger Ecclesiastical Province of New York . The Good Newsroom

178-702: A consultor to the College of Cardinals and various curial congregations , and was then appointed Qualificator of the Inquisition . Anton Kohlmann was born on July 13, 1771, in Kaysersberg , in the region of Alsace in the Kingdom of France . As a youth, he began his studies in the nearby town of Colmar . He joined the Capuchin order , but fled to Switzerland because the order was persecuted as part of

267-552: A friary in Yonkers. It is accredited as a college through the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and as a seminary by the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum) . It offers the degrees of Bachelor of Sacred Theology , Master of Divinity and Master of Arts . [1] The Archdiocese of New York had operated a seminary at Fordham , once affiliated with what

356-439: A Catholic political party. One of his other priorities was to address parish debts and loosen the control of boards of trustees over these parishes. Hughes decided to found an independent Catholic school system in the city, staffed by members of religious orders. During his tenure as bishop, he opened over 24 schools. By 1870, 19 percent of the city's children were attending Catholic schools. The difficulties faced by Catholics at

445-654: A book directed at non-Catholics, explaining the Catholic doctrine on the Sacrament of Penance. Upon his arrival in Maryland in 1815, Kohlmann was made the master of novices at the novitiate at White Marsh Manor . Shortly after that, Giovanni Antonio Grassi left Maryland for Rome, and Kohlmann succeeded him as the superior of the Jesuits' Maryland Mission on September 10, 1817. As superior, Kohlmann advocated selling

534-833: A cardinal. In 1830, he resigned and spent a year as spiritual director at the Roman College . Kohlmann retired to the Jesuit house attached to the Church of the Gesù in 1831, where he served as confessor, aided by his knowledge of several languages. In 1833, he met the future theologian Augustin Theiner ; along with the future cardinal Karl-August von Reisach , Kohlmann influenced Theiner's decision to convert to Catholicism. By 1836, Kohlmann's health had begun to deteriorate, and he died on April 11, 1836. Kohlmann Hall at Fordham University

623-947: A college in Berlin , before founding a college in Amsterdam , which was run by the Society of the Faith of Jesus , an order with which the Society of the Sacred Heart had merged in 1799. Kohlmann applied for admission to the Society of Jesus , which, despite its worldwide suppression since 1773, had been operating in the Russian Empire . During the two years that his application being considered, he resided at Kensington College in London , where he learned English. He eventually

712-405: A day, at morning and evening prayers and at Mass. In addition to offering the degrees of M.Div., S.T.B., and M.A., the seminary, through its various chairs, hosts visiting scholars throughout the academic year. Seminarians are given the opportunity to take part in interreligious discussions with students of non-Catholic seminaries of the metropolitan area. The Dunwoodie Review was published by

801-428: A design had appeared at a Catholic college. However, the plot was discovered before it could be acted upon, and Kohlmann expelled the six conspirators. Overall, his leadership of the college was not considered successful. Kohlmann's term as president of the college ended in 1820, and he was succeeded by Enoch Fenwick . In 1819, a building was constructed next to St. Patrick's Church in downtown Washington, D.C. It

890-606: A gift of 1,000 silver pieces from King Charles III of Spain . The St. Peter's Church was dedicated in 1787; its worshippers included Sister Elizabeth Ann Seton and the philanthropist Pierre Toussaint . In 1800, the congregation opened a school at St. Peter's, the first Catholic school in New York. On November 6, 1789, Pius VI raised the Apostolic Prefecture of United States to the Diocese of Baltimore , headed by

979-725: A hospital for the mentally ill. On July 25, 1885, Pope Leo III transferred the Bahamas to the Archdiocese of New York. The shipping connections between New York City and the islands made it easy for the archdiocese to administer them. McCloskey died on October 18, 1885; Corrigan automatically succeeded him as archbishop. During the 1886 mayoral campaign in New York City, Reverend Edward McGlynn , pastor of St. Stephen's Parish in Manhattan, announced that he would speak at

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1068-485: A man named Phillips and Phillips' wife of stealing goods from him. The police prosecuted the two accused, but before the trial could be brought to a close, Keating declared that he had been paid restitution , with Kohlmann acting as an intermediary in the transaction. The New York County District Attorney subpoenaed Kohlmann to provide the name of the thief who paid the restitution, but Kohlmann refused to reveal his identity, stating that it had been disclosed to him during

1157-542: A party of clergy to New York City . Headed by Kohlmann, it consisted of the future bishop Benedict Fenwick and four Jesuit scholastics . Arriving in October 1808, Kohlmann assumed pastoral responsibility for approximately 14,000 Catholics, who were primarily Irish, French, and German. Upon his arrival, Kohlmann found New York suffering an economic depression resulting from the Embargo Act of 1807 . Kohlmann became

1246-529: A political rally for the journalist Henry George , the candidate of the United Labor Party . Corrigan, who was very close to the Democratic political machine at Tammany Hall , had had previous conflicts with McGlynn over his political affiliations. He ordered McGlynn to cancel his speech. McGlynn delivered the speech anyway and Corrigan immediately removed him as pastor of St. Stephen's. McGlynn

1335-624: A school for girls in April 1812 near the literary institution. The school was put under the care of the Ursuline nuns , whom he had invited from County Cork , Ireland, to run the new school. The nuns accepted Kohlmann's invitation on the condition that they would remain only as long as they received novices for their order. Their arrival marked the Ursuline order's first presence in the United States. When their desire for novices did not materialize,

1424-535: A school, the New York Literary Institution; established an orphanage ; and invited the first Ursuline nuns to the United States. In 1813, the City of New York sought to compel Kohlmann to disclose the identity of a thief, which he learned during a confession . In a landmark decision, the state court ruled that he could not be compelled to violate the seal of the confessional , recognizing

1513-685: A seminary to prepare more priests, Dubois spent two years in Europe trying to raise funds. Back in New York, Dubois built his first seminary in Nyack in 1833, but it burned down the next year. He later opened another seminary in Lafargeville in northern New York. He also fought a long battle with the trustees of the first St. Patrick's Cathedral over administration of that facility. In 1837, at Dubois' request, Pope Gregory XVI appointed Reverend John J. Hughes as coadjutor bishop of New York to assist

1602-859: Is about 16 miles north of the Cathedral of Saint Patrick in midtown Manhattan , the seat of the Archbishop of New York . Its primary mission is to form men for the priesthood in the Catholic Church , whether in dioceses in the United States or abroad. The seminary also serves as the major seminary for the Community of the Franciscan Friars of the Renewal , who study alongside the diocesan seminarians, but live off campus at

1691-634: Is now Fordham University , staffed by diocesan and, later, Jesuit priests. In 1864 Archbishop McCloskey established St. Joseph's Provincial Seminary in Troy , New York. In 1896, under Archbishop Michael Corrigan , the seminary was transferred to Yonkers under the charge of the Sulpicians . Originally it was staffed by Sulpicians and diocesan priests. The Seminary hosted Pope John Paul II in 1995 and Pope Benedict XVI on April 19, 2008. They each led an afternoon prayer service and visited with

1780-474: Is often deferred for a number of years. The ordinary of the Archdiocese of New York is an archbishop whose cathedral is Cathedral of St. Patrick in Manhattan, New York . The archdiocese is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of New York, which includes the following suffragan dioceses : The ecclesiastical province includes all of New York State, except for Fishers Island , which

1869-590: Is part of the Province of Hartford . As such, the metropolitan archbishop possesses certain limited authority over the suffragan sees of the province (see Ecclesiastical Province § Catholic Church ). On November 26, 1784, Pope Pius VI erected the Apostolic Prefecture of United States of America , creating a separate jurisdiction for the new United States from the Catholic Church of

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1958-495: Is the digital news outlet of the archdiocese and includes a website, social media channels, an app, and a weekly e-newsletter. The Reverend R. Luke Concanen was appointed the first bishop of what was then the Diocese of New York in 1808. As of 2024, the current archbishop of New York is Cardinal Timothy Dolan . Since 1911 every archbishop of the archdiocese has been elevated to the College of Cardinals , although such elevation

2047-657: The Holy Roman Empire . He ministered throughout Austria for two years, during which he drew commendations for his work in Hagenbrunn during a plague. He then went to Italy, where he was chaplain at a military hospital in Pavia for two years. Kohlmann was sent to Bavaria in 1801, where he became the director of the Ecclesiastical Seminary at Dillingen . He then spent time as the rector of

2136-737: The Sacrament of Penance and was therefore protected under canon law by the seal of the confessional . In response to the district attorney's demand that he disclose the thief, Kohlmann stated that he would suffer imprisonment or death before violating the seal. Kohlmann was brought before the Court of General Sessions to compel him to provide the identity of the thief. He was represented by two Protestant defense attorneys: Richard Riker and William Sampson . The four judges, DeWitt Clinton , Josiah Ogden Hoffman , Richard Cunnin, and Isaac Douglas, ruled in favor of Kohlmann, citing religious liberty as

2225-633: The September 11 terrorist attacks in Manhattan, Egan went to the disaster scene. He ministered to the injured and anointed the dead. He established a center for victims' families at the New School in Manhattan and an interfaith service at Yankee Stadium in the Bronx. For retired priests, Egan established the John Cardinal O'Connor residence in 2003 at the previous site of the minor seminary in

2314-766: The Sisters of Charity in Emmitsburg, Maryland, to open the first Catholic orphanage in New York City. During his tenure, Connolly traveled over 1,000 miles on horseback through the diocese. He spent a great deal of time ministering to Irish immigrants building the Erie Canal in Upstate New York. The first parish in Utica , St. John's, was erected in 1819. In 1823, St. Patrick's Parish was founded in Rochester ,

2403-449: The Society of Jesus . He left for the United States in 1806, where he taught at Georgetown College and ministered to German-speaking congregations in the mid-Atlantic region . In 1808, he became the pastor of New York City's only Catholic church , and then was made the apostolic administrator and first vicar general of the newly created Diocese of New York . He established the diocese's first cathedral in 1809. Kohlmann also founded

2492-661: The confessional privilege for the first time in the United States. Kohlmann returned to Maryland in 1815 as superior of the Jesuits' Maryland Mission and president of Georgetown College . Three years later, he left Georgetown to establish the Washington Seminary, which became Gonzaga College High School . In 1824, Pope Leo XII named Kohlmann the chair of theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome . Kohlmann later became

2581-478: The pastor of St. Peter's Church , replacing Matthew Byrne, who sought to be relieved so that he could join the Society of Jesus. There, he celebrated Masses in English, French, and German for the congregation's multilingual parishioners. He also was prolific in administering the other sacraments , visiting hospitals, and teaching catechesis . He also created a subscription among parishioners to raise money for

2670-560: The 10th archbishop of New York. Soon after his arrival in New York, Dolan oversaw a widely consultative pair of "strategic planning" processes, examining the archdiocese's hundreds of grade schools ("Pathways to Excellence", 2009–2013) and parishes ("Making All Things New", 2010–2015). Ultimately, Dolan announced that dozens of underutilized schools and parishes would close or merge with others in their neighborhoods, due to decades-long trends of shifting populations, increasing expenses, declining attendance, and decreasing clergy. In November 2010,

2759-595: The Anglo-American Jesuits supported a diminished emphasis on the classics in favor of mathematics and science. He also encouraged proselytization of the Protestant students, to which their parents and some of the Anglo-American Jesuits objected. During his administration, the number of students enrolled at the college declined somewhat. This was due in large part to the Panic of 1819 and partly to

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2848-415: The Archdiocese of New York. When Hayes died in 1938, Pope Pius XI appointed Auxiliary Bishop Francis Spellman on April 15, 1939, as archbishop of New York. In 1949, the 240 gravediggers at the Catholic cemeteries in the archdiocese went on strike. After negotiations with the union broke down, Spellman led a group seminarians to dig the graves at one cemetery. Spellman eventually reached a settlement with

2937-524: The Bronx. On January 19, 2007, Egan announced the closure of ten under-utilized parishes and the merging of 11 other parishes. He also established five new parishes; three in Orange County , and one each in Staten Island and Dutchess County . He also approved building projects for nine parishes. In 2008, the archdiocese celebrated the bicentennial of its establishment as a diocese. To mark

3026-491: The Catholic population of the archdiocese was 1,273,291, with 1,314 clergy and 444 churches. Over 170,348 children were enrolled in Catholic educational and welfare institutions. As of 2023, the archdiocese had 60 men enrolled in its priestly formation program. This is a list of present and past bishops, archbishops and auxiliary bishops of New York. As of 2024, the Catholic Schools in the Archdiocese of New York,

3115-572: The Diocese of Baltimore. He simultaneously elevated the Diocese of Baltimore to a metropolitan archdiocese and assigned all four new sees as its suffragans. At the time of its formation, the Diocese of New York included: Pius VII appointed Monsignor R. Luke Concanen , then serving in Rome, as the first bishop of New York. However, he was prevented from sailing to New York by a French blockade. On Carroll's recommendation, Concanen appointed Reverend Anthony Kohlmann , rector of St. Peter's Parish, to administer

3204-413: The Diocese of New York to an archdiocese , making Hughes the first archbishop of New York. On July 29, 1853, to address the burgeoning Catholic population in New York and New Jersey, Pius IX created two new American dioceses: At this point, the new archdiocese consisted of New York City, Richmond County and Bronx Counties, and the seven counties north of the city. In 1858, Hughes laid the cornerstone for

3293-644: The Diocese of New York. In 1809, in the course of their pastoral duties, Kohlmann and Fenwick were called to the deathbed of the American revolutionary and avowed atheist Thomas Paine , who hoped that the priests would be able to heal him. When they attempted to persuade him to disavow his atheist beliefs, Paine became enraged and expelled them from his house. In 1810, Bishop Concanen died in Naples , having never reached his diocese in America. Therefore, Kohlmann

3382-498: The English language. Bishop Carroll found it difficult to govern a diocese whose territory encompassed the entire United States. The church in New York suffered neglect and mismanagement, and he had repeatedly requested that the authorities in Rome remove New York to form a separate diocese. Before news could arrive that his request was granted and R. Luke Concanen was appointed as the first Bishop of New York , Carroll sent

3471-577: The Italians were "not very clean" and were too poor to support them. Sister (and later Saint ) Frances Xavier Cabrini arrived in New York in 1889 from Italy to establish an orphanage in Manhattan. When she met with Corrigan, he told her that he would not allow her orphanage and that she should return to Italy. Cabrini told him that, “I am here by order of the Holy See, and here I must stay.” At that point, Corrigan relented and invited Cabrini to work in

3560-643: The Jesuit order that forbade them from accepting compensation for educating youths. As a result of it no longer being exclusively for priestly training, the school would later become Gonzaga College High School . The school prospered and came to be the preeminent day school in Washington. In response to the writings of the Unitarian minister Jared Sparks , which were aimed at Baltimore readers, Kohlmann published an apologetical book titled Unitarianism, Theologically and Philosophically Considered . The book

3649-892: The Jesuits' plantations in rural Maryland to finance the establishment of other colleges in the major American cities. The Anglo-American Jesuits fiercely opposed this proposal. Disagreements between the Continental European Jesuits in the United States and the Anglo-American ones became so entrenched that the Jesuit Superior General sent the Irish Jesuit Peter Kenney as an ecclesiastical visitor . He also assumed Kohlmann's role of mission superior on April 23, 1819. When Benedict Fenwick left for Rome in 1817, Kohlmann

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3738-630: The Lafargeville seminary was too distant, Hughes that same year moved it to the new St. John's campus. Despite Hughes' lobbying, the New York State Legislature passed the Maclay Act in 1842, which prohibited public funding of religious schools. When Dubois died in 1842, Hughes automatically succeeded him as bishop of New York. Having lost the legal battle over public funding of Catholic schools, Hughes worked to establish

3827-468: The United Kingdom. That same year, the new State of New York repealed the Colonial-era law prohibiting Catholic priests from residing in New York. With the anti-priest law repealed, the French consul, Hector St. John de Crevecoeur , organized a group of laymen in 1785 to open St. Peter's Parish in Manhattan, the first Catholic parish in New York City. The congregation purchased land for a new church from Trinity Church , supplement community donations with

3916-410: The United States, he began anglicizing his name as Anthony. The Jesuit Superior General formally permitted the Jesuits to be restored in the United States in 1805, and a novitiate was opened the following year at Georgetown College in Washington, D.C. Francis Neale was named the master of novices , and Kohlmann, though still a novice himself, was made the socius to the master of novices. He

4005-438: The United States. On October 4, 1814, Reverend John Connolly was appointed the second bishop of New York by Pius VII. When Connolly arrived in New York, the diocese had four priests and three churches: St. Peter's and St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City, and St. Mary's in Albany. The Catholic population of the diocese was approximately 15,000, primarily Irish with some English, French and Germans. In 1817, Connolly invited

4094-550: The United States. Other priests in Manhattan confronted mobs, stopping their rampages. Hughes died on January 3, 1864. To replace Hughes, Pope Pius IX named Bishop John McCloskey in January 1865 as the second archbishop of New York. When the original St. Patrick's Cathedral was destroyed by fire in 1866, he rebuilt it in two years. McCloskey presided over the dedication of the present Patrick's Cathedral in 1879. In October 1880, Pope Leo XIII named Bishop Michael Corrigan as coadjutor archbishop to assist McCloskey. In response to

4183-461: The Vatican erected the Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA , removing jurisdiction for Catholic ministry to servicemen and women from the archbishop of New York. In 1990, O'Connor started the canonization process for Pierre Toussaint , the formerly enslaved man from Haiti who became a Catholic philanthropist in the 19th century. After O'Connor died on May 3, 2000, John Paul II appointed Bishop Edward Egan as archbishop on May 11, 2000. After

4272-421: The ailing bishop. Unlike previous Catholic leaders in New York, Hughes did not try to build bonds with Protestant leaders and was very willing to fight for what he deemed as the rights of Catholics. In 1840, Hughes started a campaign to persuade the Public School Society, which ran the public schools in New York City, to allocated seven schools for Catholic students and teachers. Hughes argued Catholics students in

4361-527: The archdiocesan school system, operates 148 schools with a total enrollment of 50,154. It is headquartered in the Cooke Building in Midtown Manhattan . Calvary & Allied Cemeteries, an archdiocesan organization, operates the following cemeteries: Parishes own and operate the following cemeteries: The archdiocese in 2017 announced that it was applying for a $ 100 million mortgage on the Lotte New York Palace Hotel , one of its properties in Manhattan, to pay victims of sexual abuse by its clergy who had not sued

4450-607: The archdiocese announced the closing of 32 schools. In January 2024, Dolan announced that the archdiocese would move its offices from the Terence Cardinal Cooke Catholic Building in Manhattan to another location close to St. Patrick's Cathedral. As of April 2024, Dolan is the current archbishop of New York. As of 2023, the Catholic population of the archdiocese was 2,642,740. These Catholics were served by 320 archdiocesan priests, 195 priests of religious orders, and 140 international priests. The archdiocese had 228 permanent deacons and 443 men and women religious. In comparison, in 1929

4539-413: The archdiocese. Saint Joseph%27s Seminary (Dunwoodie) St. Joseph's Seminary and College , sometimes referred to as Dunwoodie after the Dunwoodie neighborhood of Yonkers, New York in which it is located, is the major seminary of the Archdiocese of New York . Since 2012, it has also been the major seminary for the Diocese of Brooklyn and the Diocese of Rockville Centre . The seminary

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4628-428: The basis of their decision. Speaking for a unanimous court, DeWitt Clinton wrote: It is essential to the free exercise of religion , that its ordinances should be administered—that its ceremonies as well as its essentials should be protected... Secrecy is the essence of penance. The sinner will not confess, nor will the priest receive his confession, if the veil of secrecy is removed. The court's decision represented

4717-449: The city. In 1808, he opened a classical school called the New York Literary Institution, which functioned as an offshoot of Georgetown College. He rented a house on Mulberry Street , across from the cathedral, where the four Jesuit scholastics began teaching 35 Catholic and Protestant students, a minority of whom boarded at the school. With the school outgrowing its location, in September 1809, it moved to Broadway, and, in March of

4806-422: The cure a miracle and published an account of it in a Baltimore newspaper. Seeking to have the miracle declare true, he would later arrange an audience with Pope Leo XII , in which the pope was impressed by the event and ordered a pamphlet about it translated into Italian and published. In 1824, Pope Leo XII placed the Pontifical Gregorian University under the care of the Society of Jesus, as it had been before

4895-451: The diocese as his vicar general . Kohlman traveled extensively throughout the new diocese, celebrating masses and providing sacraments to individuals. To relieve overcrowding at St. Peter's, Kohlman started construction in 1809 of the original Cathedral of St. Patrick in Lower Manhattan. He also established the New York Literary Institution, the first Catholic school in the new diocese. Concanen died in Italy in 1810, having never made it to

4984-412: The end of World War I , the Vatican named Hayes as the apostolic vicar of the Military Vicariate of the United States . This gave him jurisdiction to minister to American servicemen and women throughout the world. Succeeding archbishops of New York retained this position for the next few decades. Pope Pius XI erected the Apostolic Prefecture of Bahama on March 21, 1929, starting its separation from

5073-408: The existing schools were being forced to hear readings from the Protestant King James Bible . When the Society refused, he started lobbying the State of New York to subsidize Catholic schools. In 1841, Hughes founded St. John's College in the Bronx. Later to become Fordham University , St. John's was the first Catholic institution of higher learning in the Northeastern United States. Realizing that

5162-435: The first American bishop, John Carroll . For the next nine years, Carroll was in charge of the Catholic Church in New York State along with the rest of the nation. The second Catholic church in New York State, and the first outside of New York City, was St. Mary's Church in Albany, New York, founded in 1796. On April 8, 1808, Pope Pius VII erected the Diocese of New York and three other dioceses, taking their territory from

5251-410: The first in that city. Connolly died on February 6, 1825. To replace Connolly, Pope Leo VI in 1826 named Reverend John Dubois as the next bishop of New York. At the time of his consecration, the diocese had 18 priests, 12 churches and a Catholic population of 150,000. Dubois faced a primarily Irish Catholic population that was not happy over the Vatican appointing a French bishop. Desperately needing

5340-408: The first legal recognition of the confessional privilege in the United States. As a result, the New York State Legislature passed a law on December 10, 1828, codifying the confessional privilege : that when clergy members come to know of facts through their ministerial capacity and their denomination imposes a requirement of secrecy, they cannot be compelled to reveal those facts. Kohlmann also wrote

5429-484: The following year, Kohlmann relocated the school far into the countryside of New York City, across the street from the Elgin Botanic Garden . The new site of the New York Literary Institution would later house the new St. Patrick's Cathedral in Midtown Manhattan . Following its move, the school began to prosper. Kohlmann, however, continued to reside at Mulberry Street, where he could perform his pastoral duties at Old St. Patrick's and St. Peter's. He made Benedict Fenwick

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5518-428: The growing Catholic population in New York, McCloskey established 88 new parishes, including the first parish for African-Americans along with new parishes for the Polish and Italian communities. The number of priests rose from 150 to 400 during his tenure. At the time of McCloskey's death in 1885, there were 37,000 children enrolled at archdiocesan schools. He also established several charitable societies for children and

5607-435: The larger dechristianization of France during the French Revolution . He completed his theological studies at the Collège Saint-Michel , and was ordained a priest in Fribourg in April 1796. Kohlmann's brother, Paul, also became a priest and would join him in the United States. Shortly after his ordination, he joined the Society of the Sacred Heart, and completed his novitiate period in Göggingen , located in

5696-428: The latter's public academic defense again caught the attention of the pope, who named him a consultor to the Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs and the Congregation of Bishops and Regulars . He also became a consultor to the staff of the College of Cardinals . Pope Gregory XVI promoted him within the curial staff to the position of Qualificator of the Inquisition and considered making him

5785-421: The name of St. Patrick. In 1809, he became the cathedral's first pastor, alongside Fenwick. Upon its completion, Old St. Patrick's became the largest and most ornate church in New York State. By this time, Cooncanen still had not yet arrived from Europe, delayed by the Napoleonic Wars . Therefore, on October 11 of that year, upon Bishop Concanen's request, John Carroll named Kohlmann the first vicar general of

5874-417: The nuns returned to Ireland three years after their arrival. Kohlmann also established an orphanage , which he placed under the care of Trappist nuns who had fled persecution in France. This institution was short-lived, as the Trappists left for Le Havre in October 1814. In 1813, Kohlmann became the subject of a lawsuit that rose to the national interest. A New York City merchant, James Keating, accused

5963-403: The occasion, Pope Benedict XVI visited the archdiocese from April 18 to April 20, 2008. During his visit, Benedict visited St. Patrick's Cathedral, the United Nations , Ground Zero , St. Joseph's Parish in Yorkville , and St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers. The pope also celebrated a mass at Yankee Stadium. When Egan retired on February 23, 2009, Benedict XVI named Archbishop Timothy Dolan as

6052-421: The order's suppression. Impressed by Kohlmann's book on Unitarianism, he named Kohlmann as the university's chair of theology . He held this post for five years, during which time one of his students was Vincenzo Gioacchino Pecci, who would go on to become Pope Leo XIII ; another was Paul Cullen , who would become the Archbishop of Dublin and the first Irish cardinal . Kohlmann's inquisition of Pecci during

6141-446: The poor. Kohlmann determined that St. Peter's was inadequate to serve the entire Catholic population of New York City. He began establishing a new church that would serve as the cathedral of the diocese. He purchased land on what were then the outskirts of New York City, among farmland and on the edge of the wilderness. The cornerstone of the St. Patrick's Old Cathedral was laid on June 8, 1809. He oversaw its completion and gave it

6230-513: The present St. Patrick's Cathedral in Manhattan. In July 1863, during the American Civil War , Hughes used his influence to help stop the Draft Riots in Lower Manhattan. They were started by Irish working men as a protest against conscription into the Union Army , but devolved into race riots that killed 119 African-Americans and resulted in the burning of many buildings. Very ill at the time, Hughes appeared on his balcony to address several thousand people, urging them to be peaceful and loyal to

6319-403: The president of the school. Kohlmann became convinced that New York City would remain the preeminent city in the United States and that the Jesuits should shift their ministerial efforts to it, rather than focus on their rural plantations in Maryland, which he described as "graveyards for Europeans". He went so far as to advocate the relocation of Georgetown College to New York, which he argued

6408-406: The school on August 15, 1820, and also assumed the position of professor of dogma . Soon after its founding, prominent Catholics in the area petitioned Kohlmann to open the school to lay students, which he did. The first lay students enrolled on September 1, 1821, alongside the Jesuit scholastics. Kohlmann admitted day students reluctantly and out of financial necessity, as it violated a law of

6497-699: The schools. He later allowed her to open an orphanage. In 1891, Corrigan started work on St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers. By 1900, the archdiocese had over 55,000 students enrolled in its schools. In 1902, after a fall at the St. Joseph's construction site, Corrigan developed pneumonia and died. Leo XIII appointed Auxiliary Bishop John Farley on September 15, 1902, as Corrigan's replacement as archbishop. Farley established nearly fifty new parochial schools within his first eight years as archbishop. After Farley died in 1918, Pope Benedict XV appointed Bishop Patrick Hayes on March 10, 1919, as archbishop. That same year, near

6586-561: The seminarians. Pope Benedict also held a rally for youth in the Archdiocese. On April 4, 2019, the Seminary hosted the incorruptible heart relic of St. Jean Vianney , the patron saint of parish priests. The relic was venerated by more than 2,000 people while it was at the seminary. The seminary's primary mission is to educate men studying for the priesthood. Besides four years of academic work, students are required to take part in charitable activities. Seminarians pray together three times

6675-508: The seminary bi-annually from 1961 until 1974. The seminary's main building also hosts monthly pre-Cana conferences for those preparing for the sacrament of Matrimony . One of the archdiocesan tribunals and the studio of ITV for schools is also located on the campus. Throughout the year, both days of prayer and days of further education are scheduled for the clergy of the archdiocese. Anthony Kohlmann Anthony Kohlmann SJ (born Anton ; July 13, 1771 – April 11, 1836)

6764-479: The seventh archbishop of New York on March 2, 1968. Cooke helped implement the reforms of the Second Vatican Council in the archdiocese, and adopted a more collegial management style than Spellman. During his tenure as archbishop, Cooke founded the following On October 6, 1983, Cooke died from leukemia . To replace him Pope John Paul II named Bishop John O'Connor on January 26, 1984. In 1986,

6853-608: The sister of Thomas Carbery , the Mayor of the District of Columbia . Kohlmann instructed her to pray a novena in union with the German Prince Alexander von Hohenlohe , who had gained a reputation as a miracle worker. On March 10, 1824, Mattingly was restored to health. Despite wariness by Archbishop Ambrose Maréchal and William Matthews (Mattingly's pastor), Kohlmann was the most emphatic priest in declaring

6942-411: The strict discipline that Kohlmann enforced, which resulted in a significant number of students being expelled or transferring out. In 1818, students at the college staged a revolt by plotting to kill the prefect of students, Stephen Larigaudelle Dubuisson , who was responsible for maintaining discipline. While such conspiracies had become frequent at other American colleges, this was the first time such

7031-498: The time included anti-Catholic bigotry in general and in the New York school system and a strong Nativist movement that failed to keep Catholics out of the country but warned that control by "the Papacy" was a threat to American republicanism . On April 23, 1847, Pope Pius IX erected the Diocese of Albany and the Diocese of Buffalo . This left the Diocese of New York with the following areas: On July 19, 1850, Pius IX elevated

7120-433: The union. During his long tenure as archbishop, Spellman raised over $ 500 million for the construction of schools, churches, and other institutions. During a five year period in the 1950s, he constructed 15 churches, 94 schools, 22 rectories, 60 convents and 34 other institutions in the archdiocese. Spellman died of a stroke on December 3, 1967. After Spellman's death, Pope Paul VI named Auxiliary Bishop Terence Cooke as

7209-561: Was also assigned to teach philosophy . Kohlmann introduced many of the customs that the Jesuits in exile the Russian Empire observed. While at Georgetown, he made trips to minister to the people of Alexandria, Virginia , and Baltimore, as well as to German-speaking congregations in rural Pennsylvania . He also heard confessions from parishioners at Holy Trinity Church in Philadelphia because their pastor had not mastered

7298-523: Was an Alsatian Catholic priest, missionary , theologian, and Jesuit educator. He played a decisive role in the early formation of the Archdiocese of New York , where he was the subject of a lawsuit that for the first time recognized the confessional privilege in the United States, and served as the president of Georgetown College from 1817 to 1820. Kohlmann joined the Society of the Sacred Heart and ministered throughout Europe before entering

7387-550: Was excommunicated by the Vatican in 1887. In the 1880s, the Vatican became concerned that the Catholic hierarchy in the United States, dominated by Irish prelates, was neglecting the needs of the increasing numbers of Catholic Italian immigrants. The Vatican rebuked Corrigan in 1887 for neglecting the Italians and treating them in a humiliating way . The Irish parishes would only allow Italians to attend Mass in church basements. Corrigan refused to open Italian parishes, claiming that

7476-797: Was instructed to travel to Russia, and he arrived in Riga in June 1805. He entered the Jesuit novitiate in Daugavpils on June 21, 1803, where he spent only a year before the superiors were satisfied that he was academically qualified. The following year, John Carroll , the Bishop of Baltimore , put out a call for additional Jesuits in the United States, and Kohlmann was sent as a missionary, prior to taking his final vows . Kohlmann left Hamburg on August 20, 1806, arrived in Baltimore on November 4. In

7565-466: Was made apostolic administrator of the diocese. When it appeared that Concanen's successor, John Connolly , would arrive in the United States, Kohlmann was recalled to Maryland in January 1815. He was succeeded by Fenwick as vicar general and administrator of New York and pastor of St. Peter's Church. In addition to his pastoral work, Carroll charged Kohlmann with establishing a Catholic college in

7654-429: Was of "greater importance to the Society than all the other states together". Before long, the Jesuit superiors in Maryland determined that there were not enough Jesuits to staff both the New York school and Georgetown. Despite Kohlmann's protestations, the New York Literary Institution was disbanded in 1813, and the Jesuits were recalled to Maryland. In addition to the New York Literary Institution, Kohlmann established

7743-488: Was selected to succeed him as president of Georgetown College . Though Kohlmann remained convinced that the Jesuits must close Georgetown to concentrate their meager resources on the training of Jesuits, he did not attempt to close the college while in office. Kohlmann aligned with the European Jesuits who advocated a rigorous classical curriculum that placed a special emphasis on Latin and Ancient Greek , while

7832-419: Was to serve as the home of the Washington Seminary, which was envisioned as a standalone Jesuit novitiate, to alleviate overcrowding at Georgetown. This never came to fruition, however, and the building went unused for one or two years. Instead, the novitiate found another location, and the Washington Seminary opened as a Jesuit scholasticate under Kohlmann's leadership. He became the first president and rector of

7921-476: Was well received in Catholic circles; several editions were published, and it was considered sufficiently authoritative to be read aloud in the refectory of St. Mary's Seminary in Baltimore. Kohlmann's tenure as president came to an end in 1824 when he was recalled to Rome by Pope Leo XII , and he was succeeded by Adam Marshall . Kohlmann became involved in the purported miraculous cure of Ann Mattingly,

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