96-580: New Zealand Muslim Association (NZMA) established in 1950 is the oldest Islamic institution in New Zealand. The New Zealand Muslim Association (NZMA) was formed in the year 1950, with the objective to serve all Muslims brothers and sisters within New Zealand. The first chairman of NZMA was Marhum Suilman Ismail Bhikoo. He was instrumental in establishing a Muslim burial ground at Waikumete Cemetery in Glen Eden , West Auckland in 1966. Former presidents of
192-572: A " neighborhood " in the U.S. Due in part to historical trends such as white flight , some suburbs in the United States have a higher population and higher incomes than their nearby inner cities. In some countries, including India, China, New Zealand, Canada, the United Kingdom, and parts of the United States, new suburbs are routinely annexed by adjacent cities due to urban sprawl . In others, such as Morocco , France, and much of
288-525: A belief summed up in a housing poster of the period "you cannot expect to get an A1 population out of C3 homes" – referring to military fitness classifications of the period. The committee's report of 1917 was taken up by the government, which passed the Housing, Town Planning, &c. Act 1919 , also known as the Addison Act after Christopher Addison , the then Minister for Housing. The Act allowed for
384-402: A branch of NZMA, was formed on 4 June 2006 but opened for regular prayers in 2010 for residents of North Shore of Auckland, which comprises many suburbs, such as Birkenhead, Birkdale, Beach Haven, Glenfield, Wairau Park, Hilcrest, Foresthill, Takapuna, Bayswater, Devonport, Cambles Bay, Mairangi Bay, Browns Bay, Long Bay, Upper Harbour, and Albany. That was the starting point, Alhamdulillah, due to
480-522: A city or town or to a separate municipality or unincorporated area outside a town or city. Although a majority of Americans regard themselves as residents of suburban communities, the federal government of the United States has no formal definition for what constitutes a suburb in the United States, leaving its precise meaning disputed. In Canada, the term may also be used in the British sense, especially as cities annex formerly outlying areas. In
576-550: A city's expansion, such as Ealing , Bromley , and Guiseley . In Ireland, this can be seen in the Dublin suburban areas of Swords, Blanchardstown , and Tallaght . The history of suburbia is part of the study of urban history , which focuses on the origins, growth, diverse typologies, culture, and politics of suburbs, as well as on the gendered and family-oriented nature of suburban space. Many people have assumed that early-20th-century suburbs were enclaves for middle-class whites,
672-404: A component of these newly designed suburbs which were booming in population. The television helped contribute to the rise of shopping centers by allowing for additional advertisement through the medium in addition to creating a desire among consumers to buy products that are shown being used in suburban life on various television programs. Another factor that led to the rise of these shopping centers
768-479: A concept that carries tremendous cultural influence yet is actually stereotypical. Some suburbs are based on a society of working-class and minority residents, many of whom want to own their own house. Meanwhile, other suburbs instituted "explicitly racist" policies to deter people deemed as "other", a practice most common in the United States in contrast to other countries around the world. Mary Corbin Sies argues that it
864-565: A further distance from them. In Japan, the construction of suburbs has boomed since the end of World War II and many cities are experiencing the urban sprawl effect. In Mexico, suburbs are generally similar to their United States counterparts. Houses are made in many different architectural styles which may be of European, American and International architecture and which vary in size. Suburbs can be found in Guadalajara , Mexico City, Monterrey , and most major cities. Lomas de Chapultepec
960-1015: A high of nearly two-thirds of Calgary CMA residents (67%), to a low of about one-third of Montréal CMA residents (34%). Large cities in Canada acquired streetcar suburbs in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Modern Canadian suburbs tend to be less automobile-centric than those in the United States, and public transit use is encouraged but can be notably unused. Throughout Canada, there are comprehensive plans in place to curb sprawl. Population and income growth in Canadian suburbs had tended to outpace growth in core urban or rural areas, but in many areas, this trend has now reversed. The suburban population increased by 87% between 1981 and 2001, well ahead of urban growth. The majority of recent population growth in Canada's three largest metropolitan areas ( Greater Toronto , Greater Montréal, and Greater Vancouver ) has occurred in non-core municipalities. This trend
1056-588: A large scale in the 19th and 20th centuries, as a result of improved rail and road transport, which led to an increase in commuting. In general, they are less densely populated than inner city neighborhoods within the same metropolitan area, and most residents routinely commute to city centers or business districts via private vehicles or public transits ; however, there are many exceptions, including industrial suburbs , planned communities , and satellite cities . Suburbs tend to proliferate around cities that have an abundance of adjacent flat land. The English word
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#17327718004201152-476: A large stand–alone house. In the suburbs, where stand–alone houses are the rule, lots may be 85 feet (26 m) wide by 115 feet (35 m) deep, as in the Chicago suburb of Naperville . Manufacturing and commercial buildings were segregated in other areas of the city. Alongside suburbanization, many companies began locating their offices and other facilities in the outer areas of the cities, which resulted in
1248-558: A meeting point for those who lived within suburban America at this time. These centers thrived offering goods and services to the growing populations in suburban America. In 1957, 940 shopping centers were built and this number more than doubled by 1960 to keep up with the demand of these densely populated areas. Very little housing had been built during the Great Depression and World War II , except for emergency quarters near war industries. Overcrowded and inadequate apartments
1344-435: A modern home in beautiful countryside with a fast railway-service to central London. By 1915 people from across London had flocked to live the new suburban dream in large newly built areas across north-west London. Suburbanization in the interwar period was heavily influenced by the garden city movement of Ebenezer Howard and the creation of the first garden suburbs at the turn of the 20th century. The first garden suburb
1440-629: A new committee was elected in February 2020. In 1959 it purchased a house in Ponsonby , central Auckland , and converted it into the first Islamic Centre in the country. In 1960 the NZMA invited Ahmed Said Musa Patel from the Gujarat to become New Zealand's first Imam . In 1967 this house was sold and another bought; in 1972 this too was sold and another acquired at 17 Vermont Street, Ponsonby. In 1979
1536-512: A phenomenon known as white flight . After World War II, the availability of FHA loans stimulated a housing boom in American suburbs. In the older cities of the northeast U.S., streetcar suburbs originally developed along train or trolley lines that could shuttle workers into and out of city centers where the jobs were located. This practice gave rise to the term " bedroom community ", meaning that most daytime business activity took place in
1632-448: A population density of 2,770 people per km . Before the 2023 census, Glen Eden had a smaller boundary, covering 5.67 km (2.19 sq mi). Using that boundary, Glen Eden had a population of 17,562 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 1,122 people (6.8%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 2,166 people (14.1%) since the 2006 census . There were 5,670 households, comprising 8,670 males and 8,889 females, giving
1728-435: A problem of public order (keeping the unwelcome poorest classes together with the criminals, in this way better controlled, comfortably remote from the elegant "official" town). On the other hand, the expected huge expansion of the town soon effectively covered the distance from the central town, and now those suburbs are completely engulfed by the main territory of the town. Other newer suburbs (called exurbs ) were created at
1824-412: A roll of 334. Another contributing school in the area is Konini School which opened in 1976. Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Hoani Waititi, a composite Māori-language immersion school (years 1–13) with a roll of 236. All these schools are coeducational. Rolls are as at August 2024. Glen Eden Intermediate School was built in 1960. It is a school for years 7–8 with a roll of 1007 students, and located to
1920-486: A rural community in the 1940s into a satellite suburb of Auckland in the 1950s. In 1953 the population of the area had increased enough that the town district became the Glen Eden Borough. The borough status of Glen Eden brought prosperity, and allowed the local council to borrow funds to develop the area. Between 1951 and 1961, the population of Glen Eden tripled. In 1970, Glenmall, a local shopping precinct
2016-473: A settled life moved in masses to the suburbs. Levittown developed as a major prototype of mass-produced housing. Due to the influx of people in these suburban areas, the amount of shopping centers began to increase as suburban America took shape. These malls helped supply goods and services to the growing urban population. Shopping for different goods and services in one central location without having to travel to multiple locations, helped to keep shopping centers
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#17327718004202112-542: A settlement in the Waitākere Ranges . Glen Eden is serviced by the Glen Eden railway station , located on the Western Line of Auckland's suburban rail network. Suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area ) is an area within a metropolitan area which is predominantly residential and within commuting distance of a large city. Suburbs can have their own political or legal jurisdictions, especially in
2208-480: A sex ratio of 0.98 males per female, with 4,014 people (22.9%) aged under 15 years, 3,861 (22.0%) aged 15 to 29, 8,055 (45.9%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,635 (9.3%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 57.3% European/ Pākehā , 15.1% Māori , 20.8% Pacific peoples , 21.8% Asian , and 3.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas was 34.1, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer
2304-578: A total price of $ 10,000. Veterans could get one with a much lower down payment. At the same time, African Americans were rapidly moving north and west for better jobs and educational opportunities than were available to them in the segregated South. Their arrival in Northern and Western cities en masse, in addition to being followed by race riots in several large cities such as Philadelphia , Los Angeles , Detroit , Chicago , and Washington, D.C. , further stimulated white suburban migration. The growth of
2400-615: Is a distinct European style originating from European influence during the mid-1600s when the Dutch settled the Cape. Houses like these are called Cape Dutch Houses and can be found in the affluent suburbs of Constantia and Bishopscourt . Large cities like Sydney and Melbourne had streetcar suburbs in the tram era. With the automobile, the Australian usage came about as outer areas were quickly surrounded in fast-growing cities, but retained
2496-550: Is also beginning to take effect in Vancouver , and to a lesser extent, Montréal . In certain cities, particularly Edmonton and Calgary , suburban growth takes place within the city boundaries as opposed to in bedroom communities. This is due to annexation and a large geographic footprint within the city borders. Calgary is unusual among Canadian cities because it has developed as a unicity – it has annexed most of its surrounding towns and large amounts of undeveloped land around
2592-441: Is an urbanized nation where over 80% of the population lives in urban areas (loosely defined), and roughly two-thirds live in one of Canada's 33 census metropolitan areas (CMAs) with a population of over 100,000. However, of this metropolitan population, in 2001 nearly half lived in low-density neighborhoods, with only one in five living in a typical "urban" neighborhood. The percentage living in low-density neighborhoods varied from
2688-844: Is derived from the Old French subburbe , which is in turn derived from the Latin suburbium , formed from sub (meaning "under" or "below") and urbs ("city"). The first recorded use of the term in English according to the Oxford English Dictionary appears in Middle English c. 1350 in the manuscript of the Midlands Prose Psalter, in which the form suburbes is used. In Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, suburban areas (in
2784-407: Is necessary to examine how "suburb" is defined as well as the distinction made between cities and suburbs, geography, economic circumstances, and the interaction of numerous factors that move research beyond acceptance of stereotyping and its influence on scholarly assumptions. The earliest appearance of suburbs coincided with the spread of the first urban settlements. Large walled towns tended to be
2880-580: The FNB ("Soccer City") Stadium and south of the city in areas like Eikenhof, where the "Eye of Africa" planned community exists. This master-planned community is nearly indistinguishable from the most amenity-rich resort-style American suburbs in Florida, Arizona, and California, complete with a golf course, resort pool, equestrian facility , 24-hour staffed gates, gym, and BMX track, as well as several tennis, basketball, and volleyball courts. In Cape Town, there
2976-673: The Hampstead Garden Suburb . The suburb attracted the talents of architects including Raymond Unwin and Sir Edwin Lutyens , and it ultimately grew to encompass over 800 acres. During World War I, the Tudor Walters Committee was commissioned to make recommendations for the post war reconstruction and housebuilding. In part, this was a response to the shocking lack of fitness amongst many recruits during World War One, attributed to poor living conditions;
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3072-595: The Manukau Harbour , that was applied to the greater area during the time of European settlement. By the 1880s, the spelling Waikomiti was regularly described as a misspelling of Waikumete, and in 1898 the post office was officially renamed. Early settlers such as John Bishop and Thomas Canty felled bush in the Oratia and Glen Eden areas from the mid-1840s. Kauri logging of the Waitākere Ranges foothills
3168-716: The Waitākere Ranges Local Board . Glen Eden is represented on the Auckland Council by Waitākere ward councillors Ken Turner and Shane Henderson . In the early 20th century, school children travelled to local primary schools in New Lynn and Henderson. In 1915, the first school that opened in the area, the Glen Eden Primary School. Originally known as Waikumete School, the school changed its name to Glen Eden School in 1921, when
3264-403: The inner cities of the U.S. Examples include the banlieues of France, or the concrete suburbs of Sweden, even if the suburbs of these countries also include middle-class and upper-class neighborhoods that often consist of single-family houses . Following the growth of the middle class due to African industrialization, the development of middle class suburbs has boomed since the beginning of
3360-493: The 1850s and eventually became a component of the Australian Dream . Toward the end of the century, with the development of public transit systems such as the underground railways , trams and buses, it became possible for the majority of a city's population to reside outside the city and to commute into the center for work. By the mid-19th century, the first major suburban areas were springing up around London as
3456-603: The 1930s through 1945, there were 1,450,000 constructed annually from 1946 through 1955. The G.I. Bill guaranteed low-cost loans for veterans, with very low down payments, and low interest rates. With 16 million eligible veterans, the opportunity to buy a house was suddenly at hand. In 1947 alone, 540,000 veterans bought one; their average price was $ 7300. The construction industry kept prices low by standardization—for example, standardizing sizes for kitchen cabinets, refrigerators and stoves allowed for mass production of kitchen furnishings. Developers purchased empty land just outside
3552-434: The 1990s, particularly in cities such as Cairo , Nairobi , Johannesburg , and Lagos . In an illustrative case of South Africa, RDP housing has been built. In much of Soweto , many houses are American in appearance, but are smaller, and often consist of a kitchen and living room, two or three bedrooms, and a bathroom. However, there are more affluent neighborhoods, more comparable to American suburbs, particularly east of
3648-791: The Centre also offers a number of wide ranging services, including event hosting facilities, teaching and a multi-purpose area with a car park for over 40 vehicles. West Auckland Mosque & Islamic Centre is the 3rd Mosque in New Zealand built in June 1995. West Auckland Mosque provides 5 daily prayers with Jamat, Juma, Full Quran Tarawih prayers, Youth programs, ladies programs and Daily madrasah classes and now Adult Quran classes. Today approx.2,500 Muslims live in West Auckland and over +500 households. The mosque can accommodate up to 400 people with up to 30 car parks. Birkenhead Islamic Center
3744-628: The Glen Eden town hall burnt down, and was rebuilt within the next two years. The town hall remained a community social hub, holding events, movie showings and theatre productions. The building is currently known as the Glen Eden Playhouse Theatre . Between 1945 and 1954, the Waitemata Obstetric Hospital run by Vera Ellis-Crowther operated from her land on Glengarry Road. The area developed from
3840-592: The Grand Central Terminal commuter hub that enabled its development. Westchester's true importance in the history of American suburbanization derives from the upper-middle class development of villages including Scarsdale , New Rochelle and Rye serving thousands of businessmen and executives from Manhattan. The suburban population in North America exploded during the post-World War II economic expansion . Returning veterans wishing to start
3936-660: The Member of Parliament for New Lynn since 2023 , while Takutai Moana Kemp has been the Member of Parliament for Tāmaki Makaurau since 2023 . From the 1840s, the rural area that would become Glen Eden was known as the Parish of Waikomiti in the County of Eden . By the early 20th century, the area was administered as a part of the Waitemata County , a vast area which administered much of West and Northern Auckland. The area
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4032-442: The NZMA include Kosovo -born Mazhar Krasniqi (1975 and 1987–88) and Nazmi Mehmeti from North Macedonia (1963). The longest serving Executive Committee member between 1956 and 1981 was Hajji Avdo Musovich (1919–2001), originally from Montenegro . NZMA is responsible for the five branches; Ponsonby mosque, Ranui mosque, Avondale Islamic Centre, Birkenhead Islamic Centre and Kelston Islamic Centre. More information can be found on
4128-519: The NZMA website: www.nzma.kiwi.nz On 30 March 1979 the foundation for the Ponsonby Mosque was laid. The Ponsonby Mosque was the first in New Zealand. The Mosque was extended in 1986, creating a ladies' praying area, accommodation for the Imam, kitchen facilities, Janaza washing room and additional prayer hall for Jumma prayers. The Ponsonby Mosque was re-named to Al-Masjid Al-Jamie to give
4224-476: The U.S., the development of the skyscraper and the sharp inflation of downtown real estate prices also led to downtowns being more fully dedicated to businesses, thus pushing residents outside the city center. While suburbs are often associated with the middle classes, in many parts of the developed world, suburbs can be economically distressed areas, inhabited by higher proportions of recent immigrants, with higher delinquency rates and social problems, reminiscent of
4320-440: The United Kingdom and Ireland, the term suburb simply refers to a residential area outside the city center, regardless of administrative boundaries. Suburbs, in this sense, can range from areas that seem more like residential areas of a city proper to areas separated by open countryside from the city center. In large cities such as London and Leeds, many suburbs are formerly separate towns and villages that have been absorbed during
4416-467: The United States, but this is not always the case, especially in the United Kingdom, where most suburbs are located within the administrative boundaries of cities. In most English-speaking countries , suburban areas are defined in contrast to central city or inner city areas, but in Australian English and South African English , suburb has become largely synonymous with what is called
4512-468: The United States, many suburbs remain separate municipalities or are governed locally as part of a larger metropolitan area such as a county, district or borough . In the United States, regions beyond the suburbs are known as "exurban areas" or exurbs ; exurbs have less population density than suburbs, but still more than rural areas. Suburbs and exurbs are sometimes linked to the nearby city economically, particularly by commuters. Suburbs first emerged on
4608-412: The Waitākere Ranges, the area was traditionally dominated by forests of kauri , Phyllocladus trichomanoides (tānekaha or celery pine) and rimu , with abundant nīkau palm and silver fern . The soils are a mix of Miocene Waitākere volcanic soil and Waitemata Group sedimentary rock. The area is within the traditional rohe of Te Kawerau ā Maki , an iwi that traces their ancestry to some of
4704-802: The appellation suburb ; the term was eventually applied to neighborhoods in the original core as well. In Australia, Sydney's urban sprawl has occurred predominantly in the Western Suburbs . The locality of Olympic Park was designated an official suburb in 2009. Bangladesh has multiple suburbs, Uttara & Ashulia to name a few. However, most suburbs in Dhaka are different from the ones in Europe & Americas . Most suburbs in Bangladesh are filled with high-rise buildings, paddy fields, and farms, and are designed more like rural villages. Canada
4800-615: The area difficult, but were conductive for brickmaking, such as at Ceramco Park. The Western Line opened in March 1880, connecting Waikumete to Auckland by rail and encouraging growth in the area. The train station acted as a hub for the community, with most businesses opening close to the station. In 1886, the Waikumete Cemetery was established, due to the proximity of the area to the Western Line. Many people viewed
4896-640: The area for refuge in the Waikato during the Musket Wars , with a small number remaining in the area to maintain ahi kā (fires of continuous occupation). After the Musket Wars, Te Kawerau ā Maki returned to the area in the 1830s. Most members chose to settle close to a defensive pā at Te Henga / Bethells Beach . After the 1840 signing of the Treaty of Waitangi , paramount chief Apihai Te Kawau of
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#17327718004204992-461: The army. The Waikumete Cemetery became the burial place for many of the people who died during the 1918 influenza pandemic . While local residents were mostly unscathed, people who died in Auckland were transported en masse to Waikumete Cemetery. On 1 November 1921, Waikumete was renamed Glen Eden, when the area was formed into a town district. One of the reasons why the name changed was that
5088-558: The boroughs of Glen Eden, Henderson and New Lynn and Waitemata City (the former Waitemata County) merged to form the Waitakere City . New Lynn and Glen Eden were administered together as parts of the New Lynn Ward. On 1 November 2010, the Auckland Council was formed as a unitary authority governing the entire Auckland Region , with Glen Eden becoming a part of the Waitākere Ranges local board area, administered by
5184-501: The building of large new housing estates in the suburbs after the First World War , and marked the start of a long 20th century tradition of state-owned housing, which would later evolve into council estates . The Report also legislated on the required, minimum standards necessary for further suburban construction; this included regulation on the maximum housing density and their arrangement, and it even made recommendations on
5280-458: The cemetery as having a negative effect on the area, making it a less desirable place to live. In 1901, the first town hall was built in the area, and in 1910 the first Methodist Church was constructed in Waikumete. Social life of the area revolved around the town hall, which showed movies, held dances and political meetings. During World War I , the hall was used to train territorials for
5376-482: The census's question about religious affiliation, 43.9% had no religion, 36.8% were Christian , 0.8% had Māori religious beliefs , 5.4% were Hindu , 2.5% were Muslim , 1.5% were Buddhist and 2.6% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 3,210 (23.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 2,148 (15.9%) people had no formal qualifications. 2,091 people (15.4%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
5472-547: The city (then the largest in the world) became more overcrowded and unsanitary. A major catalyst for suburban growth was the opening of the Metropolitan Railway in the 1860s. The line later joined the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the suburbs of Middlesex . The line reached Harrow in 1880. Unlike other railway companies, which were required to dispose of surplus land, London's Met
5568-472: The city, installed tract houses based on a handful of designs, and provided streets and utilities, while local public officials raced to build schools. The most famous development was Levittown, in Long Island just east of New York City. It offered a new house for $ 1000 down and $ 70 a month; it featured three bedrooms, a fireplace, a gas range and gas furnace, and a landscaped lot of 75 by 100 feet, all for
5664-717: The city, with the working population leaving the city at night for the purpose of going home to sleep. Economic growth in the United States encouraged the suburbanization of American cities that required massive investments for the new infrastructure and homes. Consumer patterns were also shifting at this time, as purchasing power was becoming stronger and more accessible to a wider range of families. Suburban houses also brought about needs for products that were not needed in urban neighborhoods, such as lawnmowers and automobiles. During this time commercial shopping malls were being developed near suburbs to satisfy consumers' needs and their car–dependent lifestyle. Zoning laws also contributed to
5760-588: The city. As a result, most of the communities that Calgarians refer to as "suburbs" are actually inside the city limits. In the 2016 census, the City of Calgary had a population of 1,239,220, whereas the Calgary Metropolitan Area had a population of 1,392,609, indicating the vast majority of people in the Calgary CMA lived within the city limits. The perceived low population density of Calgary largely results from its many internal suburbs and
5856-531: The development of the Waikumete Cemetery . Suburban housing was built in the area in the 1950s and 1960s. The Glen Eden area is located at the foothills of Waitākere Ranges , north of Titirangi . The Waikumete Stream flows north from Titirangi, forming a valley in the centre of the suburb. Glen Eden forms a part of the Waitematā-Waitākere foothills ecological zone. Sheltered from the Tasman Sea by
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#17327718004205952-577: The earliest inhabitants of the Auckland Region . West Auckland was known as Hikurangi, and the area of the upper catchments of Te Wai-o-Pareira / Henderson Creek was known as Ōkaurirahi, a reference to the mature kauri forests of the area. The northern Glen Eden and Kelston area was called Onewherowhero, a reference to the red coloured clay found in the area. Te Kawerau ā Maki had a kāinga near modern Holdens Road in Oratia , close to Glen Eden. In 1825, most members of Te Kawerau ā Maki fled
6048-460: The era, was heavily influenced by the Art Deco movement, taking influence from Tudor Revival , chalet style , and even ship design. Within just a decade suburbs dramatically increased in size. Harrow Weald went from just 1,500 to over 10,000 while Pinner jumped from 3,000 to over 20,000. During the 1930s, over 4 million new suburban houses were built, the 'suburban revolution' had made England
6144-561: The first suburban districts sprung up around downtowns to accommodate those who wanted to escape the squalid conditions of the industrial towns. Initially, such growth came along rail lines in the form of ribbon developments , as suburban residents could commute via train to downtown for work. In Australia, where Melbourne would soon become the second-largest city in the British Empire, the distinctively Australasian suburb, with its loosely aggregated quarter-acre sections, developed in
6240-520: The focus around which smaller villages grew up in a symbiotic relationship with the market town . The word suburbani was first employed by the Roman statesman Cicero in reference to the large villas and estates built by the wealthy patricians of Rome on the city's outskirts. Towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty , until 190 AD, when Dong Zhuo razed the city, the capital Luoyang
6336-500: The house on this site was removed and construction work began to build New Zealand's first real mosque . Also in 1979 the NZMA was a founding constituent member of the Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand ( FIANZ ), the national Muslim organisation. Glen Eden, New Zealand Glen Eden is a suburb of West Auckland , New Zealand , located at the foothills of Waitākere Ranges . Originally known as Waikumete ,
6432-499: The ideal number of bedrooms and other rooms per house. Although the semi-detached house was first designed by the Shaws (a father and son architectural partnership) in the 19th century, it was during the suburban housing boom of the interwar period that the design first proliferated as a suburban icon, being preferred by middle-class home owners to the smaller terraced houses . The design of many of these houses, highly characteristic of
6528-417: The increased density of older suburbs and the growth of lower density suburbs even further from city centers. An alternative strategy is the deliberate design of "new towns" and the protection of green belts around cities. Some social reformers attempted to combine the best of both concepts in the garden city movement. In the U.S., 1950 was the first year that more people lived in suburbs than elsewhere. In
6624-564: The iwi now known as Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei made a tuku (strategic gift) of land at Waihorotiu on the Waitematā Harbour , which developed into the modern city of Auckland . By this time, modern Glen Eden was known as Waikomiti or Waikumete, literally meaning "Water of the Wooden Bowl", referring to a type of snare used to catch kererū . Waikūmete is a traditional Te Kawerau ā Maki name for Little Muddy Creek in south Titirangi on
6720-771: The large amount of undeveloped land within the city. The city actually has a policy of densifying its new developments. In China, the term suburb is new, although suburbs are already being constructed rapidly. Chinese suburbs mostly consist of rows upon rows of apartment blocks and condos that end abruptly into the countryside. Also new town developments are extremely common. Single family suburban homes tend to be similar to their Western equivalents; although primarily outside Beijing and Shanghai, also mimic Spanish and Italian architecture. In Hong Kong, however, suburbs are mostly government-planned new towns containing numerous public housing estates. However, other new towns also contain private housing estates and low density developments for
6816-424: The location of residential areas outside of the city center by creating wide areas or "zones" where only residential buildings were permitted. These suburban residences are built on larger lots of land than in the central city. For example, the lot size for a residence in Chicago is usually 125 feet (38 m) deep, while the width can vary from 14 feet (4.3 m) wide for a row house to 45 feet (14 m) wide for
6912-684: The lower-density suburbs on the outskirts of the urban area. The term 'middle suburbs' is also used. Inner suburbs , such as Te Aro in Wellington, Eden Terrace in Auckland, Prahran in Melbourne and Ultimo in Sydney, are usually characterized by higher density apartment housing and greater integration between commercial and residential areas. In the United States and Canada , suburb can refer either to an outlying residential area of
7008-556: The mosque an Islamic name in the late 20th century. Today the Al-Masjid Al-Jamie has a total capacity of 700 people. Avondale Islamic Centre (AIC), in Avondale, Auckland, New Zealand was first opened in 1988, and closed temporarily in 2014-2015. Primarily serves as a mosque, providing a place to conduct the five daily prayers and extra devotional prayers such as Ramadan night prayers (tarawih) for males and females. However,
7104-521: The most heavily suburbanized country in the world, by a considerable margin. Boston and New York City spawned the first major suburbs. The streetcar lines in Boston and the rail lines in Manhattan made daily commutes possible. No metropolitan area in the world was as well served by railroad commuter lines at the turn of the twentieth century as New York, and it was the rail lines to Westchester from
7200-445: The name Waikumete had become closely associated with the cemetery. The new name referenced the central Auckland suburb of Mount Eden , as well as the many valleys ( glens ) in the suburb. After the area was formed into a town district, the area boomed as a working class neighbourhood. The Great Depression greatly affected Glen Eden, leaving many new houses vacant as potential occupants could not afford to buy or rent them. In 1935,
7296-482: The outskirts of the city were generally inhabited by the very poorest. Due to the rapid migration of the rural poor to the industrializing cities of England in the late 18th century, a trend in the opposite direction began to develop, whereby newly rich members of the middle classes began to purchase estates and villas on the outskirts of London. This trend accelerated through the 19th century, especially in cities like London and Birmingham that were growing rapidly, and
7392-530: The railway. However, World War I (1914–1918) delayed these plans until 1919, when, with the expectation of a postwar housing-boom, Metropolitan Railway Country Estates Limited (MRCE) formed. MRCE went on to develop estates at Kingsbury Garden Village near Neasden , Wembley Park , Cecil Park and Grange Estate at Pinner and the Cedars Estate at Rickmansworth and to found places such as Harrow Garden Village . The Met's marketing department coined
7488-504: The south of Glen Eden, in the modern suburb of Kaurilands . Local secondary schools nearby are Kelston Boys' High School and Kelston Girls' College , which opened as a co-educational high school in 1954 before separating in 1963. The Glenora Rugby League team plays at Glenora Park. Glen Eden has the oldest registered Scouts club in the country. Glen Eden is accessible by West Coast Road, an arterial road that separates from Great North Road at Kelston and heads towards Waiatarua ,
7584-464: The steadfast effort of the regular attendees of daily prayers and motivated Muslim brothers. Kelston Masjid, previously under Abu Huraira Trust came into existence in August 2003. Prior to this, a group of local residents began congregating for Salah, Jummah & Tarawih prayers at Brother Azeem’s resident, which developed into the idea of establishing a local place of worship. As such, Abu Huraira Trust
7680-537: The suburb gained the name Glen Eden in 1921. The suburb is in the Waitākere Ward , one of the thirteen administrative areas of Auckland governed by Auckland Council . Originally part of the rohe of Te Kawerau ā Maki , the area developed into orchards during the Colonial era of New Zealand . The Glen Eden railway station opened in 1880, linking the area to central Auckland along the Western Line , and leading to
7776-442: The suburb was renamed. The first school building was previously used for the school at New Lynn (the current location of Kelston Girls' College ), which was transported to Glen Eden after a new school building was built for the New Lynn school. Today, Glen Eden Primary School is a contributing primary (years 1–6) school with a roll of 323 students. Prospect School opened in 1958, and is a contributing primary (years 1–6) school with
7872-579: The suburbs was facilitated by the development of zoning laws, redlining and numerous innovations in transport. Redlining and other discriminatory measures built into federal housing policy furthered the racial segregation of postwar America–for example, by refusing to insure mortgages in and near African-American neighborhoods. The government's efforts were primarily designed to provide housing to White middle-class and lower-middle-class families. African Americans and other people of color largely remained concentrated within decaying cores of urban poverty creating
7968-1008: The term Metro-land in 1915 when the Guide to the Extension Line became the Metro-land guide, priced at 1 d . This promoted the land served by the Met for the walker, visitor and later the house-hunter. Published annually until 1932 (the last full year of independence for the Met), the guide extolled the benefits of "The good air of the Chilterns", using language such as "Each lover of Metroland may well have his own favorite wood beech and coppice — all tremulous green loveliness in Spring and russet and gold in October". The dream as promoted involved
8064-405: The upper classes. In the illustrative case of Rome, Italy, in the 1920s and 1930s, suburbs were intentionally created ex novo to give lower classes a destination, in consideration of the actual and foreseen massive arrival of poor people from other areas of the country. Many critics have seen in this development pattern (which was circularly distributed in every direction) also a quick solution to
8160-467: The wider sense noted in the lead paragraph) have become formalized as geographic subdivisions of a city and are used by postal services in addressing. In rural areas in both countries, their equivalents are called localities (see suburbs and localities ). The terms inner suburb and outer suburb are used to differentiate between the higher-density areas in proximity to the city center (which would not be referred to as 'suburbs' in most other countries), and
8256-565: Was a part of the Waikumete Riding, a section of the county which covered Glen Eden (then Waikumete), Titirangi and Waiatarua. After World War II , a movement within the community began to separate the township of Waikumete from the surrounding Waitemata County, due to the perception that local government needed to increase rates to improve the area's roading. In 1921 this was achieved, and the Glen Eden Town Council
8352-591: Was allowed to retain such land that it believed was necessary for future railway use. Initially, the surplus land was managed by the Land Committee, and, from the 1880s, the land was developed and sold to domestic buyers in places like Willesden Park Estate, Cecil Park, near Pinner and at Wembley Park. In 1912 it was suggested that a specially formed company should take over from the Surplus Lands Committee and develop suburban estates near
8448-467: Was an early industry which drew people to the area. Glen Eden was a part of the Titirangi Block sold to the crown in 1848. Permanent European settlers first arrived in the Glen Eden area in 1853, clearing the land to be used as orchards. The orchards began to prosper in the early 1900s, when immigrants from Dalmatia (modern-day Croatia ) settled in the area. The clay soils made travelling in
8544-428: Was developed through the efforts of social reformer Henrietta Barnett and her husband; inspired by Ebenezer Howard and the model housing development movement (then exemplified by Letchworth garden city), as well as the desire to protect part of Hampstead Heath from development, they established trusts in 1904 which bought 243 acres of land along the newly opened Northern line extension to Golders Green and created
8640-487: Was formed and a property, previously mechanical workshop, was purchased. And so, began the journey of Kelston Masjid. On 16 August 2018, Abu Huraira Trust transferred the property to New Zealand Muslim Association (NZMA) Incorporated. Led by Brother Mohammed Fazal (administrator), NZMA-Kelston Branch was established and an interim committee appointed. The interim committee, with assistance from local worshippers, successfully continued all prayers and Islamic programmes, until
8736-453: Was formed. The town board was composed of between 7 and 8 commissioners, of whom five served as chairman between 1922 and 1941: J Trefaskis, W H Shepherd, W E Martin, A J Routley and J H Harding. The town board's early days were known for much in-fighting between commissioners. In 1953, the town became the Glen Eden Borough, which allowed the council more autonomy, and granted them the ability to borrow money for local developments. In 1989,
8832-528: Was mainly occupied by the emperor and important officials; the city's people mostly lived in small cities right outside Luoyang, which were suburbs in all but name. As populations grew during the Early Modern Period in Europe, towns swelled with a steady influx of people from the countryside . In some places, nearby settlements were swallowed up as the main city expanded. The peripheral areas on
8928-619: Was opened to the south of the train station. The population grew to over 10,000 residents in the mid-1980s. Many street names in Glen Eden are named after early residents, and after Antarctic explorers from the Terra Nova Expedition (1910-1913). Most housing is wooden, with a few old farmhouses, some 1930s art deco houses, and post-war bungalows and weatherboard houses. There is also more recent terrace housing. Glen Eden covers 6.44 km (2.49 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 17,840 as of June 2024, with
9024-545: Was that 7,266 (53.6%) people were employed full-time, 1,707 (12.6%) were part-time, and 654 (4.8%) were unemployed. Glen Eden is separated between the Kelston and New Lynn general electorates, and entirely within the Tāmaki Makaurau Māori parliamentary electorate. Carmel Sepuloni has been the Member of Parliament for Kelston since 2014 , and has her electorate office located in Glen Eden. Paulo Garcia has been
9120-410: Was the building of many highways. The Highway Act of 1956 helped to fund the building of 64,000 kilometers across the nation by having 26 billion dollars on hand, which helped to link many more to these shopping centers with ease. These newly built shopping centers, which were often large buildings full of multiple stores, and services, were being used for more than shopping, but as a place of leisure and
9216-496: Was the common condition. Some suburbs had developed around large cities where there was rail transportation to the jobs downtown. However, the real growth in suburbia depended on the availability of automobiles, highways, and inexpensive housing. The population had grown, and the stock of family savings had accumulated the money for down payments, automobiles and appliances. The product was a great housing boom. Whereas an average of 316,000 new non-farm housing units were constructed from
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