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73-499: In the 19th and early 20th century, probation officers were required to "befriend" offenders. As the number of offenders being managed in the community has grown, probation officers have had to become more focused on compliance with the sentence than on assisting offenders with rehabilitation . Corrections says the Probation Service is now more focused on keeping the public safe. According to Chief Justice Dame Sian Elias ,

146-564: A "vast operations manual" with an online practice centre. Shortly afterwards, the Auditor General , Kevin Brady examined Probations' management of 100 separate cases and issued a highly critical report. The report was released soon after Corrections claimed it had improved its management of prisoners on parole following its disastrous mishandling of Graeme Burton's case. It said the growing numbers of offenders on community-based sentences

219-413: A Māngere home. From ages nine to 17, Bell was a ward of the state and was in and out of a boys' home, this coming after an incident where Bell had stolen his father's car and driven it around town, only to be picked up by police. He began stealing cars, and his crimes soon escalated. He would impersonate security guards and cleaners, and rob elderly homes. Bell was a prostitute at age 14, and would steal

292-508: A barman at the RSA in Panmure but never told his probation officer. He lasted only two weeks before he was fired—other employees considered him abusive, rude, and untrustworthy. The person who fired Bell told him to "piss off" and to not come back. In November of that year, he assaulted a woman, but his probation officer did not start proceedings that could get him returned to prison. Days before

365-503: A better criminal than him and that he wanted to be in a bigger gang. Bell's mother was a Māori Warden , with family ties to the Black Power gang. His parents often drank and were violent to each other, and eventually separated when he was seven years old, after which Bell began to get into trouble and be involved in petty crime. When Bell was 10, his uncle was convicted of manslaughter for stabbing someone during an alcohol binge in

438-506: A chance for a prisoner to atone for his offence and move towards rehabilitation. A review system is also needed because, over the course of a very long sentence, the balance between the grounds of detention (punishment, deterrence, public protection and rehabilitation) can shift to the point that detention can no longer be justified." Per the German constitution , "Everyone has the right to life and to inviolability of his person. The freedom of

511-540: A firearm, impersonating police, and assault. He was given a 30-year minimum non- parole life sentence , at the time the longest minimum non-parole period ever given out by New Zealand. Bell grew up in Māngere , a suburb of South Auckland . His father was a gang member who had spent time in prison, a member of the Mongrel Mob , who beat Bell when he was young. His father stated that his son had told him he wanted to be

584-449: A firearm, impersonating police, assault, trespass, traffic and drug offences. An investigation by The New Zealand Herald found Bell's criminal record "cover[ed] six pages of computer printout". Bell was assigned to the Māngere probation office which was supposed to monitor his compliance, but not one of the five conditions was met. He found a job as part of a work experience program as

657-421: A lack of traditional safeguards of defendants' procedural rights in rehabilitative processes. Some rehabilitative programs, such as drug courts , have also been criticized for widening the net of penal control by sentencing more defendants to prison for violations of treatment regimes than would have gone to prison in the absence of those programs. William Dwane Bell William Dwane Bell (born 1978)

730-412: A major issue in the prison system. Between 1996 and 2006, despite a modest population increase of 12%, the number of incarcerated individuals rose by 33% and the number of substance-abusing individuals rose by 43% . Existing treatment programs have shown solid evidence that drug treatment programs, along with support after release, are effective at reducing recidivism. Emotional and mental health counseling

803-522: A markedly distorted sense of the potential consequences of their actions, not only for others, but also for themselves. They do not, for example, deeply recognize the risk of being caught, disbelieved or injured as a result of their behaviour. Some criticisms of rehabilitative systems are that they can authorize lengthy restrictions of liberty (to allow time for diagnosis and treatment) and broad assumptions of governmental power over offenders' personalities. Moreover, due process concerns can be implicated by

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876-464: A period between 6 months and 1 year and requires the offender to report to a probation officer as and when directed. Reporting usually begins with once a week, but may be relaxed if the offender is compliant, to once a fortnight then once a month. The offender is required to notify the probation officer where they live and work and must obey any directives which prohibit "association with specified persons" such as co-offenders. Unlike 'supervision', which

949-463: A period of between 20 and 200 hours and the hours must be completed within 12 months. The service or work is usually for a charity or public agency and offenders cannot be paid for the work they do. With the introduction of the Sentencing Act in 2002, periodic detention and community service were abolished and replaced by community work and community detention. Supervision can be imposed for

1022-477: A pre-sentence report. The judge said the report was "extremely unhelpful" because it recommended community service and ignored his order to consider home detention in the case of two young men who flashed a laser light at a police helicopter. Judges are also able to call for alcohol and drug assessments on offenders so they can ascertain the extent to which substance use has been a contributing factor in their offending. These assessments enable judges to decide whether

1095-448: A shared kitchen and living area "to create a sense of family" among inmates and the absence of traditional prison uniforms contributes to Norway's rehabilitative normalcy system. The prison's structure is composed of Units A, B and C, with Unit A housing those in need of psychiatric or medical attention, thus being the most prohibitive of the three. Halden fengsel , referred to as the "world's most humane maximum-security prison", embodies

1168-469: A stand-alone sentence that could be imposed by district court judges. It can only be imposed as an alternative to prison if the potential prison sentence faced by the offender is two years or less. Offenders on home detention are required to wear an ankle bracelet and stay at an approved address where they are electronically monitored 24 hours a day for up to 12 months. Detainees may be able to work but also have to undertake rehabilitation programmes to address

1241-514: A variety of community based sentences. Periodic detention was first introduced in 1962. It enabled judges to send young offenders between the age of 15 to 20 to a residential facility. It was called periodic detention because it usually required the offender to reside at a work centre from Friday evening to Sunday morning and attend for two to four hours one evening during the week under the supervision of resident wardens. Detainees were required to participate in classes or "undergo such instruction as

1314-460: Is a New Zealand triple murderer. He committed a triple murder on 8 December 2001 at the Panmure RSA , after they fired him. He committed the murders while out on parole for a previous aggravated robbery in which he almost killed a service station attendant. He had more than 100 prior criminal convictions, including theft, fraud, unlawful taking of motor vehicles, aggravated robbery, presenting

1387-421: Is a core component of successful inmate rehabilitation. Without the proper innate motivation and desire from the inmate, attempts to educate or assist with substance abuse are less effective . A study revealed that more than half of those incarcerated had a mental health problem, defined as a recent history or symptoms of a mental health problem within the previous 12 months. California 's juvenile justice system

1460-485: Is a statistical tool based on numerous factors in the offenders personal history which assesses their future risk of reimprisonment. Relevant factors include the offender's age when first convicted, his number of previous offences, number of prison sentences and their escape history. Other variables include the offender's level of education, employment history, criminal attitudes, criminal associates, and history of alcohol and drug use. The offender's Risk of Re-conviction (RoC)

1533-664: Is based on rehabilitation instead of punishment . Criminal recidivism is highly correlated with psychopathy . The psychopath is defined by an uninhibited gratification in criminal, sexual, or aggressive impulses and the inability to learn from past mistakes. Individuals with this disorder gain satisfaction through their antisocial behavior and lack remorse for their actions. Findings indicate psychopathic prisoners have 2.5 times higher probability of being released from jail than undiagnosed ones, even though they are more likely to recidivate. It has been shown that punishment and behavior modification techniques do not improve

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1606-444: Is mainly a monitoring process, intensive supervision is a sentence focused on rehabilitation. It may be imposed for up to two years and includes participation in counselling, residential treatment if required and other appropriate training programmes. It may also include regular reports to the court on the offender's progress. Community detention was introduced by the Sentencing Act of 2002. This allows an offender to continue working in

1679-656: Is multiplied by the offender's Risk of Imprisonment (RoI) giving a percentage score which indicates the likelihood of the offender ending up back in prison. According to Corrections, "statistical or actuarial scales (such as the RoC*RoI) consistently outperform the judgements of experts" when assessing risk of re-offending. However, RoC*RoI relies on data available to Corrections and may not take into account youth offending or offending outside of New Zealand, and it can produce anomalous results for some offences such as drink driving and child sex offending. A parole assessment report, with

1752-864: Is not an appropriate means of promoting correction and rehabilitation". In 2015 a number of reformers, including Koch family foundations , the ACLU , the Center for American Progress , Families Against Mandatory Minimums , the Coalition for Public Safety , and the MacArthur Foundation , announced a bipartisan resolution to reform the criminal justice system in the United States. Their efforts were lauded by President Obama who noted these reforms will improve rehabilitation and workforce opportunities for those who have served their sentences. Over

1825-475: Is to re-integrate offenders back into society. A successful rehabilitation of a prisoner is also helped if convicted persons: See also prisoners' rights . Norway's prison system is based on the principle of normalization and away from retribution to focus on rehabilitation. Inmates have access to amenities they would have outside of prison, such as an exclusive mini fridge, flat-screen TV, private bathroom, and access to outdoor environment. This, along with

1898-401: Is to address all of the underlying root causes of crime in order to decrease the rate of recidivism once inmates are released from prison. It generally involves psychological approaches which target the cognitive distortions associated with specific kinds of crime committed by individual offenders, but it may also entail more general education like reading skills and career training. The goal

1971-518: The 2011 election , a commitment to conduct alcohol and drug assessments on all parolees prior to their release was included as part of the confidence and supply agreement between Peter Dunne of United Future and the National Party . By 2013, this commitment had not been honoured. Rehabilitation (penology) Rehabilitation is the process of re-educating those who have committed a crime and preparing them to re-enter society. The goal

2044-560: The New Zealand Parole Board . These are known as parole assessment reports (PARs) and describe the parolees progress in prison - including which rehabilitation programmes the prisoner has completed, what misconduct or other incidents he has been involved in while in prison and an assessment of the proposed address to which the prisoner hopes to be released. The Probation Service also employs about 100 psychologists who write psychological risk assessments on prisoners to assist

2117-475: The Panmure RSA after Probation failed to monitor him adequately once he was released from prison. Convicted murderer Graeme Burton was released on parole in 2006 and, within six months, committed another murder by shooting Karl Kuchenbecker in the hills of Wainuiomata . During this time police were well aware Burton was assaulting known drug dealers to obtain methamphetamine and other drugs but no attempt

2190-507: The social reintegration of offenders should be pursued and developed". "The European Court of Human Rights , also, has stated in various judgments that, while punishment remains one of the aims of imprisonment, the emphasis in European penal policy is now on the rehabilitative aim of imprisonment, particularly towards the end of a long prison sentence. ... A prospect of release is necessary, because human dignity requires that there must be

2263-603: The Board determine their risk of re-offending on release. In March 2015, probation officer Stanley Gilmour sued the Corrections Department after key paragraphs about a particular prisoner, whom he described as having a high risk of violent reoffending, were removed without his knowledge from his report delivered to the Parole Board. The prisoner was subsequently released by the Board but then disappeared from

New Zealand Probation Service - Misplaced Pages Continue

2336-755: The New Zealand Probation Service was formed in 1886. New Zealand pioneered the service long before any other country in the British empire including Great Britain. The legislation establishing probation in New Zealand was introduced by the Hon Joseph Augustus Tole who was Minister of Justice from 1884 to 1887. Tole said at the time: "It is cheaper and safer to reduce crime or to reform criminals than to build gaols". In 1906 The Evening Post (now defunct) described

2409-572: The Parole Board is "flying blind" on this issue. Section 43(1(a)) of the Parole Act 2002 states: When an offender is due to be released at his or her statutory release date, or to be considered by the Board for parole, the Department of Corrections must provide the Board with copies of all relevant information relating to the offender's current and previous convictions, including (for example) sentencing notes and pre-sentence reports. After

2482-537: The Probation Service has been a dramatic increase in its workload. In 2003 the service managed a total of 55,869 sentences or court orders. By the end of 2009, that figure was up to 105,430. The department acknowledges that the quality of its service has been negatively affected by the increased workload and that probation officers have struggled to keep up. There have been some serious incidents with offenders being managed by Probation. In 1997, William Bell killed three people and seriously injured another (Susan Couch) at

2555-516: The US (1997–present), UK (1998), Spain (2003), Israel (2007) and Ireland (2015). Vipassana meditation aims to reduce negative mental states such as anger and aggression, and provide a path to inner peace. Certain criminals can be treated chemically so that they do not become criminals again. As established by the Council of Europe committee of ministers, "a crime policy aimed at crime prevention and

2628-474: The act setting up probation as "one of the best ever placed on a statute book" and said "those who in 1886 had opposed it as dangerous legislation must now admit that such opinions were erroneous". In recent years, the role of probation officers has changed considerably. In her "Blameless Babes" speech at Victoria University in 2009, Dame Sian said that "when legislation was enacted in England in 1907, one of

2701-478: The address where his parole board required him to live. Mr Gilmour's barrister Warren Templeton said: "The claim highlights actions which fundamentally undermine the integrity of the system" and the report was forwarded to the Parole Board on a "misleading and incorrect basis". A significant feature of parole assessments is the RoC*RoI (Risk of re-Conviction times Risk of re-Imprisonment, pronounced "rock roy"). This

2774-429: The behavior of a psychopath. Psychopathic individuals have been regularly observed to become more cunning and better able to hide their behaviour. It has been suggested that traditional therapeutic approaches actually make psychopaths if not worse , then far more adept at manipulating others and concealing their behavior. They are generally considered to be not only incurable but also untreatable. Psychopaths also have

2847-454: The butt of the shotgun—the club president, a club member and an employee. All victims were beaten to death except one, who was shot for "trying to be a hero." He seriously injured a fourth—Susan Couch, who was also an employee at the club. Bell laughed at his victims and asked them, "Are you ladies crying?" and "You will tell it was me, won't you?" Couch, who was left bloodied and near death, received brain damage and other permanent injuries in

2920-413: The cars of the men he had sex with. His former social worker stated the longest he managed to stay out of trouble was three months. Bell would often impersonate cops and pull over drivers. In February 1997, aged 19, Bell was turned down for a job at a service station in Māngere because he smoked cannabis. He severely attacked an attendant of the station from behind with a stolen police baton and stole

2993-436: The cash register drawer. The man he attacked surrendered, and told him to take the money, then moved to hide in a toilet cubicle. Bell told him, "It's not the money that matters to me...I don't want to do this, I have to". Bell smashed holes in the door with the police baton. When he left the door, the man escaped by using a chair to get past Bell. Bell was sentenced to five years and nine months in prison for aggravated robbery,

New Zealand Probation Service - Misplaced Pages Continue

3066-448: The causes of their offending. Any leave of absence to attend work, rehabilitation programmes, or important appointments such as the doctor requires pre-approval of the offender's probation officer. In 2014, approximately 1,800 offenders were serving sentences of home detention. Offenders are likely to be sent to prison if they leave the address without permission or breach the home detention rules. However, 'breaches' sometimes occur because

3139-487: The community but under a curfew requiring them to remain at an approved residence at certain times, usually in the evenings. The sentence can be imposed for anywhere between 14 days and six months and the offender wears a bracelet and is monitored electronically to ensure compliance. In 2007 the Parole Amendment Act removed responsibility for the imposition of home detention from the Parole Board and made it

3212-421: The country's goal of reintegration by aiding inmates in sorting out housing and employment before leaving the prison. Rehabilitative measures involve education, job training, workshops to acquire a trade, and therapy along with the humane treatment they receive from personnel who have to complete three years of training to become prison guards. The effectiveness of Norway's methods is evident as they hold one of

3285-459: The court showed that Bell had a high risk of violent reoffences if he was ever released. Bell was charged in 2017 for watching a pornographic film in his cell. He was awarded $ 1000 in compensation in 2020 after an illegal strip search of more than 200 prisoners at Auckland Prison in 2016. Bell filed an appeal against the Department of Corrections after he was removed from a kitchen job in

3358-458: The department. The Parole Board also has concerns about the information it receives - particularly the lack of alcohol and drug assessments on offenders. The National Study of Psychiatric Morbidity in NZ Prisons, conducted in 1999, said 89.4% of prisoners had a current alcohol or drug problem. Despite this high percentage, in 2010, former board chairman, Judge David Carruthers , declared that

3431-413: The evidence more than 64 times. Bell was jailed for life, with a minimum non- parole period of 33 years initially, 5 years longer than any sentence given out by New Zealand prior. The non-parole period was reduced to 30 years on appeal. He was also sentenced to 13 years of imprisonment for attempted murder, and a concurrent 12 years for aggravated robbery. He was also found guilty for stealing $ 300 from

3504-445: The following morning. Bell also admitted he was using methamphetamine, and claimed he 'blacked out' while inside the RSA. Two months after he had been fired, on 8 December 2001, he came back to the RSA. Tupe went with him to the club but remained outside. Bell was carrying a shotgun in a guitar case, and was wearing a police shirt at the time of the killings. He shot three people in the chest before bludgeoning them to death with

3577-499: The functions of the probation officer was 'to advise, assist and befriend' the offender." She said this principle was endorsed in New Zealand by the 1954 Criminal Justice Act which required probation officers "to assist the social rehabilitation of offenders." However Dame Sian points out that in the 21st century, "the statutory functions of the probation officer contain no explicit reference to advice or assistance, much less to 'befriending'," and she suggests that something has been lost in

3650-426: The incident. He spent 45 minutes inside the RSA – 15 minutes robbing the building of $ 13,000 and 30 minutes beating the victims. He thought he would get $ 50,000. He took cigarettes and the earnings from the previous night, and went through the wallets of the victims for cash. After the murders, Bell bought an article of Herald with a headline about his own crimes and kept it in his car. Bell told Tupe shortly after

3723-623: The individual is inviolable. These rights may only be encroached upon pursuant to a law". Per the Italian constitution , "Punishment cannot consist in treatment contrary to human dignity and must aim at rehabilitating the condemned". The Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 of the UK Parliament enables some criminal convictions to be ignored after a rehabilitation period. The United States Code states that sentencing judges shall make imprisonment decisions "recognizing that imprisonment

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3796-406: The inmate's family, community, and overall society. Inmate education has been shown to reduce recidivism. Evidence shows that inmates overwhelmingly take advantage of education programs if they are available to them and if they can afford them. A recent study showed the earning a GED while incarcerate reduced recidivism rates by 14% for those under 21, and 5% for those over 21 . Substance abuse is also

3869-537: The judge saying the robbery was "almost incidental" to the attack, which could have resulted in the attendant's death. After the attack Bell visited the man in hospital, pretending to be a police officer, and threatened him. He served most of the sentence at Auckland Prison , and was released in July 2001 after serving three-and-a-half years. Based on the law at the time, Bell was automatically released after serving two thirds of his sentence. The parole board had no say in

3942-469: The last few decades, the United States prison population has increased significantly. While prisons are considered punishment, they also are intended to have the purpose of future crime prevention. A recent study found that of $ 74 billion total spent on incarceration among federal, state and local prisons, less than 1% of that was spent on prevention and treatment. Incarceration not only harms the individual as intended, but also has unintended negative effects on

4015-621: The lowest rates of reimprisonment after 2 years at 18% as of 2018, while the recidivism rate of re-charging for an offense during 5 years is 49.6% for property theft, 46.8% for violence, and 31.7% for sexual offenses as of 2017. Norway's Correctional Service unofficial motto is "Better out than in" that is in view with their rehabilitative system as a justice to society by integrating inmates as functioning members of society upon release. Vipassanā 10-day meditation courses were first taught in prisons in India in 1975. They have since been conducted in

4088-434: The murder Bell stole goods from an engineering firm and cash from a tavern. After both robberies the staff gave descriptions of Bell to the police, including his address, phone number, and car plate number. The police classed these thefts as low priority and he was not arrested. Bell and Darnell Kere Tupe, his getaway driver, smoked cannabis and drank through the night before the murders, which occurred at about 8:00 a.m.

4161-400: The murders that "We're going down for this... Oh, we're going big time for this one. I just killed three people." Bell was arrested 5 days after the murders at his mother's home. Bell claimed others were involved in the killings. The person who gave him the shotgun and police shirt, which were not located after the killings, was not charged. Bell's girlfriend gave birth to his child while he

4234-458: The offender should be mandated to attend alcohol and drug counselling or a residential treatment programme as part of the sentence. Although 80% of offenders commit their crimes under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs, historically judges have ordered an assessment or treatment in only 5% of cases. In 2010, this figure went up to 10%. Probation also assists sentence planners in prison in the preparation of reports on all prisoners appearing before

4307-569: The offender's background, his history of compliance with previous sentences and recommendations for a particular sentence - although it is up to the judge to decide what sentence to impose. Probation provides the courts with about 260 such pre-sentence reports every month. Judges rarely comment on the quality of reports but in 2013, the Auckland Probation service was criticised by Judge Nevin Dawson for failing to follow his orders regarding

4380-404: The prison. This came after Bell had allegedly planned to take a female guard hostage, which was denied by Bell. During a court hearing for his appeal, he apologized for his crimes, saying that he was "truly sorry" and that his actions were "reprehensible in any society". Bell lost his appeal. The Corrections Department conducted an internal inquiry to examine the management of Bell's release by

4453-412: The prisoner's RoC*RoI score, is provided to the Parole Board on every prisoner appearing before it. Despite the department's reliance on statistical analysis, the auditor general is concerned about the quality of reports given to courts and to the Parole Board. In a review provided to Parliament in 2012, he recommended that Corrections should have their reports audited by independent assessors from outside

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4526-541: The probation service. The department did not blame Bell for breaching his release conditions; it blamed understaffing, low morale and poor management within the Mangere probation service. It also blamed the police for failing to act when he committed a minor offence a month before the murders. The management of his release conditions was so poor that the department acknowledged 11 separate mistakes which they referred to as 'areas of poor management'. On 10 December 2007, Bell

4599-578: The process. The Probation Service includes probation officers, psychologists, programme facilitators, community work supervisors, managers and administrators – supported by the department's head office in Wellington. Between 2003 and 2010, frontline staff numbers increased by 145%, such that in June 2010 there were 2,311 staff in 120 offices nationwide. By 2016, this number had dropped to 1,200. Probation officers are responsible for monitoring offenders on

4672-408: The release, other than to set release conditions. The Board imposed five conditions, including seeing a psychologist, alcohol and drug counselling, and to work in a job approved by his probation officer. Bell had more than 100 prior criminal convictions, including theft, fraud, unlawful taking of motor vehicles, burglary, entering with intent, demands with intent to steal, aggravated robbery, presenting

4745-408: The signal 'drops out' giving the impression that the offender has absconded from the detention address when they have not. The most significant breaches occur when offenders cut off the bracelet. According to the Corrections Department, only 1% of those on home detention cut their bracelets off and the majority are caught soon afterwards and sentenced to prison. One of the factors affecting the role of

4818-481: The tavern. The court heard no remorse from Bell. Bell's sentence was at the time the longest minimum non-parole period ever given out by New Zealand though it was later surpassed by the sentence given to Brenton Tarrant, the perpetrator of the 2019 Christchurch terrorist attacks , who was sentenced to life without the possibility of parole. Tupe was sentenced to 12 years for three charges of manslaughter and concurrent terms for one charge of aggravated robbery, and

4891-638: The warden considered conducive to that person's reformation and training". Ralph Hanan the Minister of Justice at the time described it as new sentence which would "provide a useful method of dealing with young louts, vandals and the like who may be headed towards a criminal career if not diverted at an early age". Community service was established in 1980 as an amendment to the Criminal Justice Act 1954. It allowed an offender (convicted of an imprisonable offence) to undertake community service for

4964-634: Was exacerbating an existing staffing crisis. In response to the auditor general's criticisms, the Probation Service has taken on more staff and tightened up its procedures such that staff have now become even more focused on supervision and compliance. In October 2010, Probation Services claimed that 96% of parolees were now being managed correctly. In addition to managing offenders given community based sentences and offenders on parole, probation officers also provide information and reports to judges prior to sentencing - generally known as pre-sentence reports (or Provision of Information). POI contain information about

5037-436: Was in custody awaiting trial. After he was sentenced, the court stated they were considering a sentence of preventative detention. The officer in charge of the murder inquiry called Bell "the closest thing I have ever seen to a psychopath". The Crown argued that Bell had spent time planning the robbery, and might have gotten the job to scout out the RSA. Bell took the witness stand in his own defence. He lied in contradiction of

5110-507: Was made to have him recalled to prison. In response to these failures, in 2009 Corrections initiated a "Change Programme" which redefined the purpose of the Probation Service and the way it worked. Katrina Casey, Probation General Manager at the time, said the new focus was on "holding offenders to account and managing them to comply with their sentences and orders, reduce their likelihood of re-offending and minimise their risk of harm to others." The Service said it would achieve this by replacing

5183-426: Was released on parole in 2012. The Crown maintained that Tupe knew Bell had a gun and that the people in the club would be harmed, and went along with the robbery anyway. Tupe's supporters claimed he was illiterate and could not read or write, and his lawyer claimed that he was conned by Bell. The Court of Appeal discussed the prospect that Bell will never be released on parole. Psychological reports presented to

5256-424: Was stabbed through the eye by fellow inmate Dean Joseph Shepherd. The weapon used was the sharpened corner of a file folder. Bell was treated for his wounds, which included a fractured eye socket and internal bleeding, at Auckland Hospital . Shephard was serving a life sentence with a 17 1/2 year parole period for a murder in 2004, and was sentenced to an additional ten years in prison for the attack. As this sentence

5329-510: Was to be served concurrently with his original sentence, there is no actual difference in his amount of time served. Shephard attacked him due to the fact that Bell bragged about his crimes and made disparaging comments towards his victims. Susan Couch subsequently tried to sue the Corrections Department for $ 2 million in damages. Eleven years after the attacks, the Department of Corrections announced it would be offering Susan Couch $ 300,000 in punitive damages. Couch's lawyer Brian Henry said

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