A newspaper hawker , newsboy or newsie is a street vendor of newspapers without a fixed newsstand . Related jobs included paperboy , delivering newspapers to subscribers, and news butcher, selling papers on trains. Adults who sold newspapers from fixed newsstands were called newsdealers, and are not covered here. The hawkers sold only one newspaper, which usually appeared in several editions a day. A busy corner would have several hawkers, each representing one of the major newspapers. They might carry a poster board with giant headlines, provided by the newspaper. The downtown newsboy started fading out after 1920 when publishers began to emphasize home delivery. Teenage newsboys delivered papers on a daily basis for subscribers who paid them monthly. Hawkers typically purchased a bundle of 100 copies from a wholesaler, who in turn purchased them from the publisher. Legally every state considered the newsboys to be independent contractors, and not employees, so they generally were not subject to child labor laws.
41-528: [REDACTED] Look up newsboy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Newsboy or news boy may refer to: Newspaper hawker , a street vendor of newspapers Paperboy or papergirl, youngsters who distributed newspapers to subscribers People [ edit ] Nicknames [ edit ] Newsboy Brown (1905–1977), American boxer Newsboy Moriarity (1910–1979), Irish-American mobster Abe
82-732: A Metropolis faction devoted to Superman. The group fails to regain Superman's body. The incident with Harper involved the Legion taking down an operation run by Granny Goodness , an orphanage that was a secret kidnapping ring for the dark realm of Apokolips . Both versions of the Legion would deal with adversaries such as the insane scientist Dabney Donovan and lackeys of Darkseid . The Cadmus project entire would deal with attacks and manipulation from Lex Luthor 's forces. In Superboy #56, significant changes in Project Cadmus meant
123-501: A casual-wear cap similar in style to the flat cap Newsboy Legion , a fictional kid gang in the DC Comics Universe Newsboys' strike of 1899 , for boys who sold newspapers on the street Newsies (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Newsboy . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
164-424: A characteristic presence on Irish streets in the early twentieth century and also necessary last link in the chain of media production and distribution. He was little touched by mechanization—the newspaper vending box came later. Publishers depended on boys as young as eleven years old to sell copies, especially in downtown areas. Newsboys were very visible and audible figures on Irish city streets and were themselves
205-574: A large monster that ate furniture. The post-Crisis Newsboys were also given real names: Big Words was Anthony Rodriguez; Gabby was Johnny Gabrielli and Scrapper was Patrick MacGuire. They were briefly joined by the Guardian's niece "Famous" Bobby Harper, but she subsequently went to stay with another relative. The Legion rebel against Cadmus for the first time when they the adults have stolen Superman's body. They join with an infiltration team composed of Lois Lane and several super-powered 'Underworlders',
246-928: A play by Arch Brown featured at the Theatre Rhinoceros in San Francisco, California, U.S. Music [ edit ] Newsboys , an Australian Christian pop/rock band "Newsboy", a 1966 single by English pianist Mrs Mills Painting and sculpture [ edit ] The Newsboy , an 1889 painting by American George Newell Bowers The Newsboy , an 1879 painting by English painter Ralph Hedley The Newsboy , an 1869 painting by Canadian-American Edward Mitchell Bannister The News Boy , an 1841 painting by American Henry Inman The Newsboy , an outdoor sculpture by Bruce Hanners, in Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Transport [ edit ] Newsboy , an airplane that delivered newspapers for
287-474: A prepackaged curriculum in door-to-door subscription marketing that taught newsboys new skills in scheduling time, handling money, keeping accounts, and—especially—presenting a winning salesman persona. This movement created the middle-class newspaper boy and permanently altered the relationship between teenage years and entrepreneurial enterprise. Circulation managers solved their problem: the teenage boys were still independent contractors rather than employees, but
328-444: A tenth of the teenage boys were news hawkers, and they earned only 20 cents a day (equivalent to $ 4 in 2023). They were twice as likely to be delinquents, they gambled a great deal amongst themselves, and were often attacked by thugs from other newspapers. The recommendation was to replace newsboys under the age of 16 with crippled war veterans. "News butchers" worked on passenger railroads selling newspapers, candy, and cigars to
369-514: A wagon or riding a bicycle while tossing the morning or evening paper onto the front porch was a product of the 1930s. Newspapers lost circulation and advertising as the economy went down, and needed to boost revenues and cut expenses. Starting in 1930, the International Circulation Managers' Association launched a national operation to show local newspaper managers how to boost home newspaper readership. They designed
410-635: The McCook Gazette in Nebraska, U.S. Newsboy , a steam schooner acquired in 1895 by American Robert Dollar Newsboy, a 1994 bicycle model made by Merlin Other [ edit ] Newsboy model or newsvendor model , a demand-forecasting model in operations management Newsboys, a brand of cigar made by Brown Brothers Tobacco Company Newsboy, a horse that raced in the 1882 Kentucky Derby See also [ edit ] Newsboy cap ,
451-596: The unemployed —A number of steady men can find employment by vending this paper. A liberal discount is allowed to those who buy and sell again. Benjamin Franklin is sometimes called the "first American newsboy", as he helped deliver his brother's New England Courant in 1721. But the real beginning of the trade of newsboy comes in 1833, when the New York Sun started hiring vendors in New York City . At
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#1732801349679492-590: The Manhattan Guardian newspaper has a citywide network of volunteer reporters called the "Newsboy Army". Later in that same series, a group called the Newsboy Army was active during the forties in an area of New York called Nowhere Street. This group consisted of Captain 7 (an African-American boy in a football uniform), Ali Ka-Zoom (a young stage magician), Vincenzo 'Kid Scarface' Baldi (an Italian boy in an impeccable suit), Chop Suzi (an Asian girl,
533-422: The 10-year-old Irish immigrant Bernard Flaherty , who turned out to be a talented hawker—later a stage comedian—who would cry out the day's most sensational headlines: "Double Distilled Villainy"; "Cursed Effects of Drunkenness!"; "Awful Occurrence!"; "Infamous Affair!". These newsboys could either hawk to passersby on the street or establish subscription routes ; many did both. Newsboys' were not employees of
574-547: The 1912 media strike. Attempts to unionize were sporadic and undercut by intimidation and sometimes violent counter-responses by the publishers. According to Jon Bekken: During 1933 to 1935, the New Deal agency, the National Recovery Administration (NRA), promulgated a newspaper industry code that restricted juvenile employment in order to help unemployed adults. The restrictions expired when
615-662: The Newsboy (1887–1966), American boxer Fictional [ edit ] Newsboy, a character played by Jeremy Wells on Mikey Havoc's MTV show in New Zealand "Newsboy", nickname for Pete, a character in Frenetic Five , a text-adventure series The arts [ edit ] Film [ edit ] The Newsboy (film) , an American film of 1905 Literature [ edit ] The Newsboy , an American 1854 novel by Elizabeth Oakes Smith News Boy ,
656-692: The Newsboy Legion and Kirby's later kid gang, the Dingbats of Danger Street . Big Words' favorite expression of surprise is "I'll be superamalgamated!" This phrase was originally used by the similarly polysyllabic William Harper Littlejohn in Doc Savage . In the pages of " The New Golden Age " miniseries titled "Stargirl: The Lost Children", the Newsboy Legion are among the lost children on Orphan Island. They mentioned to Stargirl their history with Guardian. The Newsboy Legion later take part in
697-540: The Newsboy Legion's 1940s history was unchanged, as was their later involvement with the DNA Project (now called Project Cadmus ). Instead of having identical sons, however, the new Newsboy Legion were now said to be clones created by the same technology that recreated the Guardian as part of an Apokolips plot that went wrong. Like the Guardian clone, they shared their "father's" memories, at least up to their current age, meaning that they were sometimes unfamiliar with
738-621: The Newsboys, original and clones, left the Project. It was briefly suggested that the clones were investigating what was really behind these changes, but this was not followed up on. The Newsboy clones rescued Jimmy from the sewers beneath the project in Countdown #29 (October 2007), following his breakout from Cadmus. They allowed Jimmy to stay in the "Legion Clubhouse" (a boarded-up storefront) while he tried to resolve his situation, but he
779-721: The Supreme Court in 1935 struck down the NRA as unconstitutional. American photographer Lewis Hine crusaded against child labor in America in the early 20th century by taking photographs that exposed frightful conditions, especially in factories and coal mines. He photographed youths who worked in the streets as well, but his photographs of them did not depict another appalling form of dangerous child labor or immigrant poverty, for they were not employees. There were working on their own as independent young entrepreneurs and Hine captures
820-693: The Undying Don, the leader of the L.A. underworld and is killed by the Sheeda . Baby Brain survives to found the Manhattan Guardian newspaper. Ali Ka-Zoom has shown up alive in 52 . In Seven Soldiers #1, it is revealed that Kid Scarface/Don Vincenzo actually bathed Millions in the Cauldron of Rebirth, and Millions inherited all of Vincenzo's property after his death, becoming the "Dogfather". The name "Newsboys of Nowhere Street" suggests both
861-633: The Whiz Wagon for the unsuspecting boys. He attempts to use it and them (and by extension, Jimmy Olsen ) to kill the Hairies, an underground, technologically advanced society. The Hairies were literally neighbors of the Project and both were near the Evil Factory, which strove to destroy the others. Assisting the Legion in fighting the Factory was a clone of Scrapper called 'Scrapper Trooper', who
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#1732801349679902-430: The circulation manager designed the routes and taught the boys how to collect and account for the subscription money. To inspire the young entrepreneurs, they created a distinctive gendered managerial philosophy of masculine guidance. It inspired the boys' entrepreneurship and stabilized their work habits while providing extra money for tight family budgets. Newsboys were often seen as victims of poverty and delinquents in
943-569: The clones remains unknown. This was part of a long-reaching conspiracy to kill all Kryptonian beings of power, of which there were many at the time. The man in charge of this plot was United States General Sam Lane . In September 1944, the Newsboy Legion teamed up with the Boy Commandos to stop armed and armored traitors based out of New York City. In Grant Morrison 's new take on the Guardian in Seven Soldiers : The Guardian ,
984-555: The encounter with the Terrible Time Tailor is "child molester". However, the crossword puzzle included in Seven Soldiers #1 implies that Suzi may have given birth to twins, fathered by Baby Brain - despite obvious physical obstacles. Cap is subsequently killed by the others. Hollywood becomes an alcoholic 'super-impressionist'. Ali Ka-Zoom masters genuine magic, goes mad, and dies, and Kid Scarface became Vincenzo
1025-567: The image of comradeship, youthful masculinity and emerging entrepreneurship. The symbolic newsboy became an iconic image in discourses about childhood, ambition and independence. In Wales, it was announced in July 2011 that Media Wales , publisher of the Western Mail and South Wales Echo , would no longer employ newspaper vendors in Cardiff city center. A spokesman said distribution of
1066-757: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Newsboy&oldid=1255302182 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Newspaper hawker In the United States they became an iconic image of youthful entrepreneurship. Famous Americans that had worked as newsboys included Bruce Barton , Ralph Bunche , Joe DiMaggio , Thomas Edison , Dwight Eisenhower , Sam Rayburn , Walter Reuther , David Sarnoff , Cardinal Spellman , Harry Truman and Mark Twain . To
1107-432: The making. In 1875 a popular writer found them a nuisance: In St. Louis, Missouri, in the first half of the 20th century, reformers and child savers saw the newsboys as potential victims of the dangers and temptations of the urban environment. They secured a law in 1903 which created the state's first juvenile courts with the ability to hear criminal cases involving minors. In Cincinnati in 1919, charity workers found that
1148-518: The modern world (the new Flip's memories dated from the fifties, rather than the forties). They first appeared in this form in Superman (vol. 2) Annual #2 (1988), written by Roger Stern , and were extensively featured in Karl Kesel 's run on The Adventures of Superman , including breaking Kon-El out of Cadmus. The clones were always getting into trouble, such as when they hid the existence of
1189-487: The newspaper by the vendors cost more than the newspaper received in return. Newsboy Legion The Newsboy Legion is a teenage vigilante group in the DC Comics Universe . Created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby , they appeared in their own self-titled feature which ran from Star-Spangled Comics #7 (April 1942) to #64 (January 1947). In 1970, Jack Kirby introduced a new Newsboy Legion, made up of
1230-432: The newspapers but rather purchased the papers from wholesalers in packets of 100 and peddled them as independent agents. Unsold papers could not be returned. The newsboys typically earned around 30 cents a day (equivalent to $ 11 in 2023) and often worked until late at night. Cries of " Extra, extra! " were often heard into the morning hours as newsboys attempted to hawk every last paper. The local delivery boy pulling
1271-517: The papers capitulated. After a two-week strike, papers did not lower their prices, but did agree to buy back all unsold papers, and the union disbanded. The New York newsboys' strike of 1899 inspired later strikes, including the Butte, Montana , Newsboys Strike of 1914, and a 1920s strike in Louisville, Kentucky . Chicago newsboys faced an uphill battle to gain better incomes, particularly during
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1312-548: The passengers. Thomas Edison was a news butcher in his youth, but he lost that job after he set a car on fire due to white phosphorus igniting in a chemistry set he had onboard. Walt Disney worked as news butcher on the Missouri Pacific Railway as a teenager, and his memories of that experience influenced his design of the Disneyland Railroad . Stephanie Rains examines the newsboy as
1353-627: The raid on Childminder's castle. Some of its members were saved from a Child Collector by Salem the Witch Girl . The Newsboy Legion are among the Lost Children that are "nested" by the Child Collectors. Thanks to a diversion from Time Masters member Corky Baxter, Boom used this diversion to free everyone. Following Time Master (an older version of Corky Baxter) and Childminder's defeat and Wing being sent back to his own time,
1394-434: The sons of the original Golden Age characters. The Newsboy Legion is a group of orphans, living on the streets of Suicide Slum , selling newspapers to make a living. They were also frequently in trouble with the law, although local policeman Jim Harper had a soft spot for them. In their first appearance, Harper, shortly after becoming Guardian , also becomes the Newsboys' legal guardian. A recurring theme in their stories
1435-427: The sons of the originals, who were now working at a government genetics project. A new addition to the team was Walter "Flipper Dipper" (or "Flippa Dippa") Johnson Jr., an African-American boy. He was obsessed with and very capable of underwater maneuvers. He is also the son of another member of the Project. His nickname was later shortened to "Flip". During their first mission, the villainous Morgan Edge develops
1476-555: The subject of frequent newspaper stories which typically represented them as exemplars of the urban working classes for middle-class readers. Newsboys struck for better pay and working conditions multiple times: 1884 , 1886 , 1887 , 1889 , and in May 1898 . In the newsboys' strike of July 1899 , many New York newsboys refused to deliver major newspapers, and asked the public to boycott them. The press run of Joseph Pulitzer's World fell by nearly two-thirds. After two hectic weeks,
1517-518: The team's mechanic), Edward 'Baby Brain' Stargard (an infant prodigy), Little Miss Hollywood (an impressionist, the daughter of Irish immigrants) and Millions (the world's richest dog). In their final mission as a team, they are cursed by the Terrible Time Tailor to be given horrible fates to prevent them from stopping his plans for the Harrowing. Millions "dies" shortly thereafter. It is widely assumed that Cap impregnates Suzi, as his designation after
1558-450: The time, newspapers were generally either picked up at the newspaper's office, sent by mail, or delivered by printers' apprentices or other employees. The Sun , by contrast, was not sold in stores or by subscription. Its publisher, Benjamin Day , recruited unemployed people using help-wanted notices to vend his newspaper. Instead of the adults he expected, his ad drew children: the first was
1599-423: Was designed for military support of the Project. The boys would become affected by the Project in other ways, such as befriending an experiment from the 'Evil Factory'. They called this large, pink, humanoid entity 'Angry Charlie'. He was the only survivor from the Factory. The police authorities from Scotland, where the Factory had been hiding, allowed the Legion to maintain custody of the entity. Post- Crisis ,
1640-525: Was kidnapped by the second Forager . Their "fathers" were not mentioned. The group appears in issue one of Death of the New Gods (Dec 2007). Using the Whiz Wagon's computers, they assist Jimmy in gaining photographic evidence of the death of the Black Racer . In Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen (one-shot, Dec 2008), the original Newsboy Legion members were killed by Codename: Assassin . The fate of
1681-472: Was that the boys suspected Harper was the Guardian but were unsure. The Newsboy Legion consisted of Tommy Tompkins (the leader); Big Words (the team genius); Gabby (an excitable kid who never stopped talking); and Scrapper (the tough guy). The Newsboy Legion were reintroduced in Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen #133 (October 1970) as part of Jack Kirby's Fourth World story arc. The Legion in that story were