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24-586: It is closely related to the Cane Corso . The Neapolitan Mastiff derives from the traditional catch and guard dogs of central Italy. Selection of the breed was begun in 1947 by Piero Scanziani, who had seen one at an exhibition in Naples in 1946. He drew up the first standard , which in 1949 was officially recognised by the Ente Nazionale della Cinofilia Italiana . It received full acceptance from

48-458: A rosacea -like appearance. Common symptoms include hair loss , itching, and inflammation . An association with pityriasis folliculorum has also been described. Demodicosis is most often seen in folliculitis (inflammation of the hair follicles of the skin). Depending on the location, it may result in small pustules (pimples) at the base of a hair shaft on inflamed, congested skin. Demodicosis may also cause itching, swelling, and erythema of

72-568: A defect in the blood–brain barrier , though not all of them have this defect. Other avermectin drugs that can be used include doramectin and milbemycin . Recent results suggest that the isoxazolines afoxolaner and fluralaner , given orally, are effective in treating dogs with generalized demodicosis. Because of the possibility of the immune deficiency being an inherited trait, many veterinarians believe that all puppies with generalized demodex should be spayed or neutered and not reproduce. Females with generalized demodex should be spayed because

96-720: A few surviving animals. A breed society , the Società Amatori Cane Corso, was formed in 1983. The breed was recognised by the Ente Nazionale della Cinofilia Italiana in 1994; it was provisionally accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 1996, and received full acceptance in 2007. It was recognised by the American Kennel Club of the United States in 2010. In the period 2011–2019

120-469: A study of 232 Cane Corso dogs from 25 countries found an average life span of 9.3 years, varying with different coat colours. The longest-lived were black brindle (10.3 years), followed by: brindle (10.1 years); grey brindle (9.8 years); black, fawn and grey (all 9.0 years); and dogs of other colours (8.1 years). A study of dogs in the United Kingdom, published in 2024, found an average life span for

144-517: Is large, slightly over one third of the height at the withers in length, with a well-defined stop. The top of the cranium is flat and slightly convergent to the muzzle. The eyes are oval in shape, and set well apart. The iris of the eye should be as dark as possible. The coat is short, dense and lustrous. It may be black, various shades of grey (lead-grey, light grey or slate-grey) or fawn (dark fawn, light fawn, or stag red), or dark wheaten (' fromentino '); it may be brindled . Minor white markings on

168-434: Is much less common. Demodex gatoi is a more superficial form of mange, causes an itchy skin condition, and is contagious amongst cats. Demodectic mange also occurs in other domestic and wild animals, including captive pandas. For demodectic mange, properly performed deep skin scrapings generally allow the veterinarian to identify the microscopic mites. The demodex mite is rarely found on clinically normal dogs, meaning that

192-671: The Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 1956. The Neapolitan Mastiff is large and powerful, with a weight in the range 50–70 kg (110–150 lb) and a height at the withers of 60–75 cm (24–30 in) The length of the body is about 15% greater than the height. The skin is abundant and loose, particularly on the head where it hangs in heavy wrinkles. The preferred coat colours are black, grey and leaden, but mahogany, fawn, fulvous , hazelnut, dove-grey and isabelline are also acceptable; all coats may be brindled , and minor white markings on

216-469: The USA) for treating canine demodicosis. It is applied weekly or biweekly for several weeks, until no mites can be detected by skin scrapings. Demodectic mange in dogs can also be managed with avermectins , although there are few countries which license these drugs, which are given by mouth daily, for this use. Ivermectin is used most frequently; collie -like herding breeds often do not tolerate this drug due to

240-434: The breed of 8.1 years overall. A 2024 Italian study found a life expectancy of 9 years for the breed compared to 10 years overall. The Cane Corso is usually kept as a companion dog or guard dog ; it may also be used to protect livestock . In the past it was used for hunting large game , and also to herd cattle . It is subject to a working trial : in order to qualify for registration , dogs must show tranquillity in

264-410: The chest, the feet or the nose are tolerated. The Cane Corso is genetically pre-disposed to elbow and hip dysplasia , to patellar luxation and to retinal dysplasia . It has above-average susceptibility to demodicosis , ectropion , entropion , gastric dilatation volvulus (bloat), hypothyroidism , idiopathic epilepsy , mycotic otitis and nictitans gland prolapse (cherry eye). In 2017

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288-410: The eyelid margins. Scales at the base of the eyelashes may develop. Typically, patients complain of eyestrain. Minor cases of demodectic mange usually do not cause much itching but might cause pustules, redness, scaling, leathery skin, hair loss, skin that is warm to the touch, or any combination of these. It most commonly appears first on the face, around the eyes, or at the corners of the mouth, and on

312-402: The forelimbs and paws. It may be misdiagnosed as a "hot spot" or other skin ailment. In the more severe form, hair loss can occur in patches all over the body and might be accompanied by crusting, pain, enlarged lymph nodes, and deep skin infections. Typically, animals become infected through nursing from their mother. The transmission of these mites from mother to pup is normal (which is why

336-434: The host's immune system is unable to keep the mites under control. Demodex is a genus of mite in the family Demodecidae . The mites are specific to their hosts, and each mammal species is host to one or two unique species of Demodex mites. Therefore, demodicosis cannot be transferred across species and has no zoonotic potential. Demodicosis in humans is usually caused by Demodex folliculorum and may have

360-943: The mites are normal inhabitants of the dog's skin), but some individuals are sensitive to the mites due to a cellular immune deficiency, underlying disease, stress, or malnutrition, which can lead to the development of clinical demodectic mange. Some breeds appear to have an increased risk of mild cases as young dogs, including the Afghan Hound , American Staffordshire Terrier , Boston Terrier , Boxer , Chihuahua , Chow Chow , Shar-Pei , Collie , Dalmatian , Doberman Pinscher , Bulldog , French Bulldog , English Bull Terrier , Miniature Bull Terrier , German Shepherd , Great Dane , Old English Sheepdog , American Pit Bull Terrier , West Highland White Terrier , Rat Terrier , Yorkshire Terrier , Dachshund , and Pug . There are two types of demodectic mange in cats. Demodex cati causes follicular mange, similar to that seen in dogs, though it

384-423: The more severe generalized form. If treatment is deemed necessary, Goodwinol, a rotenone -based insecticide ointment, is often prescribed, but it can be irritating to the skin. Demodectic mange with secondary infection is treated with antibiotics and medicated shampoos. For more severe generalized cases, Amitraz is a parasiticidal dip that is licensed for use in many countries (the only FDA approved treatment in

408-579: The number of annual registrations in Italy was in the range of 3000–4250 . The Cane Corso is a large dog of molossoid type, and is closely related to the Neapolitan Mastiff . It is well muscled and less bulky than most other mastiff breeds. According to the international standard, dogs should stand some 62–70 cm at the withers and weigh 45–50 kg ; bitches are about 4 cm smaller, and weigh some 5 kg less. The head

432-644: The past it was used for hunting large game , and also to herd cattle . According to the breed standard of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale , the Cane Corso was once distributed throughout much of the Italian peninsula, but in the recent past was found only in Puglia , in southern Italy. After the collapse of the mezzadria system of share-cropping in the 1960s, the dogs became rare. The modern breed derives from selective breeding from about 1980 of

456-493: The presence of any number of mites in a sample is very likely to be significant. Acetate tape impression of the skin is another method to identify mites. In breeds such as the West Highland White Terrier , relatively minor skin irritation which would otherwise be considered allergy should be carefully scraped because of the predilection of these dogs to demodectic mange. Skin scrapings may be used to follow

480-431: The presence of inoffensive strangers, indifference to gunfire, and aggressive defence of the owner against an attacker. Demodicosis Demodicosis / ˌ d ɛ m ə d ə ˈ k oʊ s ɪ s / , also called Demodex folliculitis in humans and demodectic mange ( / d ɛ m ə ˈ d ɛ k t ɪ k / ) or red mange in animals, is caused by a sensitivity to and overpopulation of Demodex spp. as

504-419: The progress of treatment in demodectic mange. Alternatively, plasma levels of zinc and copper have been seen to be decreased in dogs with demodicosis. This may be due to inflammation involved in the immune response of demodicosis which can lead to oxidative stress, resulting in dogs with demodicosis to exhibit higher levels of antioxidant productivity. The catalases involved in the antioxidant pathway require

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528-492: The stress of the estrus cycle will often bring on a fresh wave of clinical signs. Cats with Demodex gatoi must be treated with weekly or bi-weekly sulfurated lime rinses. Demodex cati are treated similarly to canine demodicosis. With veterinary guidance, localized demodectic mange can also be treated with a topical keratolytic and antibacterial agent, followed by a lime sulfur dip or a local application of Rotenone. Ivermectin may also be used. Generalized demodectic mange in cats

552-422: The toes and chest are tolerated. A Neapolitan Mastiff may be expected to live for up to 10 years. A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 9.3 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for crossbreeds . Cane Corso The Cane Corso is an Italian breed of mastiff . It is usually kept as a companion dog or guard dog ; it may also be used to protect livestock . In

576-458: The trace minerals zinc and copper. Dogs with demodicosis show a decrease in plasma copper and zinc levels due to the increased demand for antioxidant activity. Therefore, this may be considered as a potential marker for demodicosis. Localized demodectic mange is considered a common puppyhood ailment, with roughly 90% of cases resolving on their own with no treatment. Minor, localized cases should be left to resolve on their own to prevent masking of

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