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42-500: Neenach ( / ˈ n iː n æ k / NEE -nak ) is an agricultural settlement in northwestern Los Angeles County, California , United States, with a population of about 800. It is facing a massive change with the proposed construction of a 23,000-home planned community to its north called Centennial . Neenach is 34 miles (55 km) northwest of Lancaster in the Antelope Valley portion of Southern California . It

84-567: A Geographic Names Information System that defines three classes of human settlement: Populated places may be specifically defined in the context of censuses and be different from general-purpose administrative entities, such as "place" as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau or census-designated places . In the field of geospatial predictive modeling , a settlement is "a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work". The Global Human Settlement Layer ( GHSL ) framework produces global spatial information about

126-408: A "pure, cold, limpid stream which came bubbling up from its earthen reservoir and went gaily dancing down to the thirsty soil that encompassed it about". Neenach itself was founded in the 1870s by Danish settlers from Neenah, Wisconsin . In 1888, a post office was established, with John A. Coovert as the first postmaster. In September 1905 Christian Clausen was named postmaster. James Anderson filed

168-512: A National Register of Populated places (NRPP). The Canadian government uses the term "populated place" in the Atlas of Canada , but does not define it. Statistics Canada uses the term localities for historically named locations. The Croatian Bureau of Statistics records population in units called settlements ( naselja ) . The Census Commission of India has a special definition of census towns . The Central Statistics Office (CSO) of

210-431: A few years back when they ran out of kids, and its rose-painted walls are still the brightest thing on the prairie. The present Neenach School building was opened in 1993 to replace an older building that had stood for decades on a neighboring lot. The school was closed in 2001 because of dwindling population and high heating costs; lack of a natural-gas source meant the school was all-electric. Sixty-six pupils were enrolled

252-660: A homestead claim for 160 acres (647,000 m²) at present-day State Route 138 and 300th Street West in 1887. He had a county contract to maintain and improve roads in the Antelope Valley as far as Three Points . Construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct between 1905 and 1913, which brought water from the distant Owens Valley to the San Fernando Valley , was important to the area. On July 13, 1917, Chief Water Engineer William Mulholland of

294-637: A mile southwest of today's Neenach School. El Camino Viejo , the Old Road to Los Angeles, passed from Laguna Chico Lopez north via Willow Springs Canyon, then west to the water at Aquaje Lodoso , then to Cow Springs and on to Tejon Pass . Later a shorter route was followed by the Stockton - Los Angeles Road and the Butterfield Overland Mail between Elizabeth Lake and Gorman. Instead of going north-south, travelers went east-west via

336-537: A new house would be erected every eight hours, seven days a week, for 20 years. The Tucson, Arizona,-based Center for Biological Diversity opposes the project—claiming that Centennial would be built on rare ecosystems, including the largest native grassland left in California. The Los Angeles County Library 's Antelope Valley bookmobile is at the Neenach market on Saturdays from 11 to noon. The school closed

378-743: A populated place as "a named settlement with a population of 200 or more persons". The Committee for Geographical Names in Australasia used the term localities for rural areas, while the Australian Bureau of Statistics uses the term "urban centres/localities" for urban areas. The Agency for Statistics in Bosnia and Herzegovina uses the term "populated place" / "settled place" for rural (or urban as an administrative center of some Municipality/City), and "Municipality" and "City" for urban areas. The Bulgarian Government publishes

420-557: A series of igneous intrusions next to Old Post Road paralleling Interstate 5 near Gorman, California . Plate movement along the San Andreas Fault split the formations and moved half of them about two hundred miles north into what is now Pinnacles National Park . The Neenach Meteorite is a 30-pound mass of stony, ordinary chondrite discovered in April 1948 by Elden Snyder of Neenach when he unearthed it with his plow, in

462-432: A special type of cultural-historical landscape studies. Settlements can be ordered by size, centrality or other factors to define a settlement hierarchy . A settlement hierarchy can be used for classifying settlement all over the world, although a settlement called a "town" in one country might be a "village" in other countries; or a "large town" in some countries might be a "city" in others. Geoscience Australia defines

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504-740: Is 15 miles (24 km) southeast of Gorman and north of the Sierra Pelona Mountains , and 75 miles (121 km) from the county seat in Downtown Los Angeles . This region experiences hot and dry summers. The original name for present day Neenach is puyutsiwamǝŋ . This is in the Kitanemuk language . The Spanish referred to it as Ojo de la Vaca . A 19th century name for the area was Cow Springs ( 34°46′22″N 118°37′17″W  /  34.77273°N 118.62134°W  / 34.77273; -118.62134 ), about

546-677: Is a proposed new town , or planned development, on the southern section of Tejon Ranch property, in Los Angeles County . Three large warehouses have been built by the Tejon Ranch Company as the first in what will be an industrial complex designed to compete with distribution centers in Riverside and San Bernardino counties. Foreign-made goods will be trucked in from California ports such as Oakland and Los Angeles and stored until they are delivered to retailers. About

588-618: Is a related designation used in the United States. The earliest geographical evidence of a human settlement was Jebel Irhoud , where early modern human remains of eight individuals date back to the Middle Paleolithic around 300,000 years ago. The oldest remains that have been found of constructed dwellings are remains of huts that were made of mud and branches around 17,000 BC at the Ohalo site (now underwater) near

630-472: Is designed to permanently protect 240,000 acres (970 km ) of the historic ranch. It is the largest conservation and land-use pact in California history. The agreement was finally reached to conclude 20 months of off-and-on negotiations, but only after a marathon three-day bargaining session in April 2008. California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger traveled to the ranch in May of that year to take part in

672-552: Is processed fully automatically and generates analytics and knowledge reporting objectively and systematically about the presence of population and built-up infrastructures. The GHSL operates in an open and free data and methods access policy (open input, open method, open output). The term "Abandoned populated places" is a Feature Designation Name in databases sourced by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and GeoNames . Sometimes

714-682: Is situated where several ecoregions meet and overlap: the Mojave Desert , the Central Valley , the Sierra Nevada , and the Transverse Ranges of Southern California . The interaction of unique geography and varying climates has produced high biodiversity , as evidenced by showy spring wildflower blooms. An agreement between the Tejon Ranch Company and a coalition of environmental groups, announced in May 2008,

756-638: The Republic of Ireland has had a special definition of census towns . From the 2022 census of Ireland , the CSO introduced an urban geography unit called " Built Up Areas " (BUAs). The Pakistan Bureau of Statistics records population in units of settlements called Tehsil – an administrative unit derived from the Mughal era. There are various types of inhabited localities in Russia . Statistics Sweden uses

798-471: The San Andreas Rift and Oakgrove Canyon , and north-south via Pine Canyon , Antelope Valley and Cow Springs. French Johns Station, 14 miles (23 km) east of Gorman near Cow Springs, provided a way station for the stage line, teamsters and other travelers. In 1888, Cow Springs was described as "a pleasant camping-place with willow trees, casting an inviting shade to the weary traveler" with

840-621: The Sebastian Indian Reservation was established in 1853 on Rancho El Tejon, and Fort Tejon was established by the U.S. Army in 1854 on Rancho Castac. These were federal projects, consisting of major developments and improvements, on what was the Mexican grantees' private land. In 1855, Edward Beale purchased Rancho La Liebre. The Army abandoned Fort Tejon in 1864. Beale bought Rancho El Tejon and Rancho de los Alamos y Agua Caliente in 1865, and Rancho Castac in 1866. With

882-424: The Mexican government made grants for the land that became three ranches: the 26,626-acre (107.75 km ) Rancho Los Alamos y Agua Caliente ; the 97,617-acre (395.04 km ) Rancho El Tejon ; and the 22,178-acre (89.75 km ) Rancho Castac . A fourth tract, the 48,800-acre (197 km ) Rancho La Liebre , was granted in 1846. At the urging of Edward Beale , Superintendent of Indian Affairs in California,

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924-567: The Route" " (PDF) . New York Times. October 14, 1858. Human settlement In the field of geospatial predictive modeling , settlements are "a city, town, village or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work". A settlement conventionally includes its constructed facilities such as roads , enclosures , field systems , boundary banks and ditches , ponds , parks and woodlands , wind and water mills , manor houses , moats and churches . An unincorporated area

966-772: The Tejon Ranch Company became a public company, with the Chandler–Sherman group retaining a controlling interest. The Chandlers' Times Mirror Company sold its stake in 1997. It has been publicly listed since 1973 and most recently has been on the New York Stock Exchange . "In 1916 El Tejon Land Company of Kern County filed suit to evict the El Tejon Indians from the El Tejon Ranch, which the Indians owned under Spanish and Mexican laws that

1008-479: The United States had agreed to uphold under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The company had been renting the land from the Indians and employing Indians to work on it. They began to withhold rent payments, and the Indians, fearful of losing their jobs, dared not demand the rent be paid. After waiting the requisite number of years, the company claimed ownership of the land on the basis of peaceful possession." In 2012,

1050-658: The announcement, with the signing of the agreement in June. Highlights of the pact are: The most extensive of these projects, Tejon Mountain Village is a proposed residential, commercial, and recreational development that has been a matter of heated debate for years in the Mountain Communities of the Tejon Pass . The development would include homes, commercial buildings, hotels, and golf courses. Centennial

1092-411: The city of Los Angeles, the builder of the aqueduct, received word that the line had been broken. He went to Neenach and found a 60-foot ` rupture (18 m). He ordered additional surveillance, which saw the arrest of one man, an employee of the rival Los Angeles Gas and Electric Company. The suspect was later released. James Anderson became a line rider or patrolman on the aqueduct: He had to shut down

1134-577: The edge of the Sea of Galilee . The Natufians built houses, also in the Levant , around 10,000 BC. Remains of settlements such as villages become much more common after the invention of agriculture, The oldest of them is Jarmo , located in Iraq. Landscape history studies the form (morphology) of settlements – for example whether they are dispersed or nucleated . Urban morphology can thus be considered

1176-509: The few years of its operation. Another account says that total gold production from the Neenach mining district was $ 200,000. In the 1970s, Neenach was lively, one resident told a reporter. There were community-wide potluck dinners and almost 80 members in the local 4-H Club . Since then, he said, many of the kids moved away as soon as they were able. …the truly rural outposts of Los Angeles County—the nation's top agricultural county not so long ago—are withering away. And this one happens to abut

1218-460: The firm derives revenue from resort, residential, commercial and industrial development; from selling and licensing natural resources such as minerals, oil, and water; from crops such as pistachios , and ranch operations, including leasing land for cattle grazing; from their hunting program, in which sport hunters pay to be guided on hunts for wildlife on the ranch, and from providing locations for filming commercials, television and movies. In 1843,

1260-400: The human presence on the planet over time. This in the form of built up maps, population density maps and settlement maps. This information is generated with evidence-based analytics and knowledge using new spatial data mining technologies. The framework uses heterogeneous data including global archives of fine-scale satellite imagery, census data, and volunteered geographic information. The data

1302-400: The hunting of mountain lions for sport. Although the ranch initially called Sanders' allegations "ridiculous and untrue," the investigation supported Sander's claims that mountain lions were illegally killed. Tejon Ranch has agreed to pay $ 136,500 in fines and restitution for the killing of 11 mountain lions. A large number of California native plants occur on land owned by Tejon Ranch. It

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1344-752: The previous year. Neenach is part of the Westside Union School District of West Lancaster, which also operates Del Sur, Joe Walker, Hill View, Cottonwood, Rancho Vista, Sundown, Valley View, Leona Valley, and Quartz Hill schools, through the eighth grade . [1] The community is within the Antelope Valley Union High School District and the Antelope Valley Community College District . The Neenach Volcanic Formations, about 23.5 million years old, are

1386-657: The process breaking it into four pieces. In 1952 it was brought to the attention of Robert Wallace Webb of the University of California, Santa Barbara . Later it was donated to the collection of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the University of California, Los Angeles . The ZIP Code is 93536, served by the Lancaster post office, and the telephone system is part of area code 661 . Source: "List of Butterfield Overland Mail Stations "Itinerary of

1428-438: The proposed site of the largest planned community in county history. A portion of nearby Tejon Ranch called Centennial is proposed to be a 23,000-home master-planned community adjacent to Neenach. Civic squares, parks, shops, three fire stations, and other services are proposed. Children would be encouraged to walk to one of the eight elementary schools planned. The promoters have pledged to create 30,000 local jobs. On average,

1470-476: The purchase of these four Mexican land grants, Beale created the present day Tejon Ranch. Beale's son, Truxtun Beale , sold the Tejon Ranch in 1912 to a syndicate of investors headed by Los Angeles Times publisher Harry Chandler and land developer Moses Sherman . Both also had extensive holdings in the San Fernando Valley . In 1917, some surviving Kitanemuk Indians lived on Tejon Ranch. In 1936,

1512-542: The ranch suspended all hunting, following a 2011 California Department of Fish and Game investigation into the illegal killing of mountain lions . The investigation was initiated by a whistleblower named Bron Sanders who filed a lawsuit on May 3, 2011. Sanders claimed to have witnessed the killing of 20 mountain lions, which he claims were motivated by the ranch managers' views on the California Wildlife Protection Act of 1990, which banned

1554-472: The state. Tejon Ranch’s agricultural operation primarily grows almonds, pistachios, and wine grapes, along with some alfalfa and the occasional row crop. Cattle leases cover about 250,000 acres (1,012 km ), and depending on the season, up to 12,000 head of cattle graze on the ranch. It is a diversified development and agribusiness company which has been publicly listed since 1973. In May 2021, Barry Zoeller, vice president of corporate communications, said

1596-408: The structures are still easily accessible, such as in a ghost town , and these may become tourist attractions. Some places that have the appearance of a ghost town, however, may still be defined as populated places by government entities. A town may become a ghost town because the economic activity that supported it has failed, because of a government action, such as the building of a dam that floods

1638-598: The term localities ( tätort ) for various densely populated places. The common English-language translation is urban areas . The UK Department for Communities and Local Government uses the term "urban settlement" to denote an urban area when analysing census information. The Registrar General for Scotland defines settlements as groups of one or more contiguous localities, which are determined according to population density and postcode areas. The Scottish settlements are used as one of several factors defining urban areas. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has

1680-473: The town, or because of natural or human-caused disasters such as floods, uncontrolled lawlessness, or war. The term is sometimes used to refer to cities, towns, and neighborhoods that are still populated, but significantly less so than in years past. Tejon Ranch Tejon Ranch Company ( NYSE :  TRC ), based in Lebec, California , is one of the largest private landowners in California. The company

1722-421: The tunnel periodically to check its condition. He also checked the surface to verify that none of the aqueduct's opponents had damaged it. Harry Womersley, from England by way of Illinois, was another resident who worked on the aqueduct—the 12 miles (19 km) from Fairmont to Neenach. Gold was discovered in the hills south of the community in the early 1930s. The "Oh Suzanna" mine produced some $ 7 million over

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1764-453: Was incorporated in 1936 to organize the ownership of a large tract of land that was consolidated from four Mexican land grants acquired in the 1850s and 1860s by ranch founder Edward Fitzgerald Beale . The company owns over 270,000 acres (1,093 km ) in the southern San Joaquin Valley , Tehachapi Mountains , and Antelope Valley . It is the largest contiguous piece of private property in

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