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48-534: Nelson College is the oldest state secondary school in New Zealand , a feat achieved in part thanks to its original inception as a private school. It is an all-boys school in the City of Nelson that teaches from years 9 to 13. In addition, it runs a private preparatory school for year 7 and 8 boys. The school also has places for boarders, who live in two boarding houses adjacent to the main school buildings on

96-485: A high school (abbreviated as HS or H.S. ), can also be called senior high school . In some countries there are two phases to secondary education (ISCED 2) and (ISCED 3), here the junior high school , intermediate school, lower secondary school, or middle school occurs between the primary school (ISCED 1) and high school. High school in the United States High school or senior high school

144-420: A 1,200 place secondary (practical specialism). and 1,850 place secondary school. The ideal size for a typical comprehensive high school is large enough to offer a variety of classes, but small enough that students develop a sense of community. Research has suggested that academic achievement is best when there are about 150 to 250 students in each grade level, and that above a total school size of 2,000 for

192-642: A certification to teach in their specific state. Private schools, unlike public schools, do not require teachers to be state certified to teach in their educational institutions. Teachers in private high schools often hold higher degrees in their subject matter, giving students a richer, more in-depth education in the classroom. Teachers at private schools also tend to have more flexibility in creating their curriculum , as private schools are not driven to reach state requirements outlined for students in public schools. Class sizes in public schools are often much larger than those of private schools. Private schools reserve

240-628: A greater variety of classes, or sponsoring a greater number of extra-curricular activities . (Some of these benefits can also be achieved through smaller but specialized schools, such as a dedicated special school for students with disabilities or a magnet school for students with a particular subject-matter interest.) In terms of structure, organization, and relationships, larger schools tend to be more hierarchical and bureaucratic , with fewer and weaker personal connections and more rigidly defined, unvarying roles for all staff. Teachers find that large schools result in more information to process in

288-507: A law that required communities to establish some type of public schooling system. Elementary schools were to be formed in every town with 50 or more families, and every town with at least 100 families would have to provide a Latin Grammar School. Over a century later in 1779, Thomas Jefferson proposed the opening of new secondary schools to provide segregated secondary schools with different tracks in his words for "the laboring and

336-489: A local school. Under the constitution, education was relegated to individual states. The Pennsylvania state constitution, written in 1790, calls for free public education , but only for poor children, assuming that the rich will pay for their own children's schooling. In 1805, the New York Public School Society was formed by the wealthy to provide education to the poor. These schools were run on

384-434: A percentage score or a letter grade. For percentage scores, the typical practice is to start at 100% and deduct points for deficiences. The relationship between percentage scores and letter grades depends on the method of grading. In the absence of national grading standards, some high schools use norm-referenced grading (commonly called "grading on a curve") which allocates grades across the distribution of scores based on

432-399: A predetermined formula. Most high schools, though, use criterion-referenced grading which corresponds percentages to letter grades according to a fixed scale: For each course, the student's assignment scores or grades across the term are averaged according to weights established by the teacher. This produces the course grade. A report card lists all of the student's course grades for

480-449: A range of sporting codes, including cross country running and swimming, together with varied cultural activities: The two boarding houses, Rutherford and Barnicoat, recently underwent a five-year refurbishment. A third boarding house, Fell, was closed to boarders at the end of 2018, and is now available for lease, predominantly to sports and community groups. Since its foundation in 1856, Nelson College has had 22 headmasters. The following

528-422: A secondary school may have a canteen, serving a set of foods to students, and storage where the equipment of a school is kept. Government accountants having read the advice then publish minimum guidelines on schools. These enable environmental modelling and establishing building costs. Future design plans are audited to ensure that these standards are met but not exceeded. Government ministries continue to press for

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576-432: A secondary school, academic achievement and the sense of school community decline substantially. Arguments in favor of smaller schools include having a shared experience of school (e.g., everyone takes the same classes, because the school is too small to offer alternatives), higher average academic achievement, and lower inequality . Arguments in favor of larger schools tend to focus on economy of scale . For example,

624-561: A single basketball court could serve a school with 200 students just as well as a school with 500 students, so construction and maintenance costs, on a per-student basis, can be lower for larger schools. However, cost savings from larger schools have generally not materialized, as larger schools require more administrative support staff, and rural areas see the potential savings offset by increased transportation costs. Larger schools can also support more specialization, such as splitting students into advanced, average, and basic tracks , offering

672-537: A strict legal framework where they may be answerable to their government through local authorities and their stakeholders. In England (but necessarily in other parts of the United Kingdom) there are six general types of state-funded schools running in parallel to the private sector. The state takes an interest in safeguarding issues in all schools. All state-funded schools in England are legally required to have

720-618: A website where they must publish details of their governance, finance, curriculum intent and staff and pupil protection policies to comply with The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012 and 2016 . Ofsted monitors these. School building design does not happen in isolation. The building or school campus needs to accommodate: Each country will have a different education system and priorities. Schools need to accommodate students, staff, storage, mechanical and electrical systems, support staff, ancillary staff and administration. The number of rooms required can be determined from

768-686: Is a complete list: Secondary school In the United States , most local secondary education systems have separate middle schools and high schools . In the United Kingdom , most state schools and privately funded schools accommodate pupils between the ages of 11 and 16 or between 11 and 18; some UK private schools, i.e. public schools , admit pupils between the ages of 13 and 18. Secondary schools follow on from primary schools and prepare for vocational or tertiary education . In high and middle income countries, attendance

816-406: Is defined in terms of Carnegie Units , which approximate to 120 class contact hours within a year. This is one hour a day, five days a week for twenty-four weeks. Students who satisfactorily complete a unit are awarded a credit. No two schools will be the same, and no two students will have the same classes. There are some general principles, however. Students can also be on different programs within

864-494: Is paid for by taxpayers, making it a free state-sponsored educational program. In contrast, private schools require tuition for each student that is enrolled, which can cost parents anywhere between $ 11,000–$ 16,000 per school year, depending on the specific institution. While the average cost of private school attendance from kindergarten through 4 years of postsecondary school can be up to $ 307,262. And annual tuition at an average private high school can be $ 15,344. Teachers within

912-580: Is the education students receive in the final stage of secondary education in the United States . In the United States most high schoolers are ages 14–18, but some ages could be delayed due to birthdays. Most comparable to secondary schools , high schools generally deliver phase three of the ISCED model of education. High schools have subject-based classes. The name high school is applied in other countries, but no universal generalization can be made as to

960-521: Is usually compulsory for students at least until age 16. The organisations, buildings, and terminology are more or less unique in each country. In the ISCED 2014 education scale, levels 2 and 3 correspond to secondary education which are as follows: Within the English-speaking world, there are three widely used systems to describe the age of the child. The first is the 'equivalent ages'; then countries that base their education systems on

1008-569: The Lancasterian system , in which one "master" taught hundreds of students in a single room. The masters would give rote lessons to the older students, who would then pass it down to the younger students. Society was moving from an agrarian model with small independent plots to an industrial one, where workers needed to be literate and numerate. Lancastrian schools emphasized discipline and obedience: qualities that factory owners needed in their workers. An 1817 Boston Town Meeting petitioned for

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1056-463: The 'English model' use one of two methods to identify the year group, while countries that base their systems on the 'American K–12 model' refer to their year groups as 'grades'. The Irish model is structured similarly to the English model, but differs significantly in terms of labels. This terminology extends into the research literature. Below is a comparison of some countries: Schools exist within

1104-409: The 'minimum' space and cost standards to be reduced. The UK government published this downwardly revised space formula in 2014. It said the floor area should be 1050 m (+ 350 m if there is a sixth form) + 6.3 m /pupil place for 11- to 16-year-olds + 7 m /pupil place for post-16s. The external finishes were to be downgraded to meet a build cost of £1113/m . A secondary school locally may be called

1152-573: The 8th grade until after 1945 . Even after public schools were being opened up to all ages in Massachusetts, in the 1830s, it was illegal in southern states to teach black children to read. High schools were out of the question. After many years of advocacy, in 1957, federal court ordered the integration of Little Rock , Arkansas public schools. The governor sent in troops to physically prevent nine African America students from enrolling at all-white Central High School . Though, this decision

1200-606: The Compleat Method of Spelling, Reading, and Writing, True English: To Which is Prefix'd, a Timely Memorial to all True Protestants , retitled The New England Primer , be used as a textbook. This was the start of a secondary education system. In 1642, the Massachusetts Bay Colony was able to pass a law to require parents to make sure that their children were able to read, which required some form of elementary education. In 1647, Massachusetts again passed

1248-446: The United States have the option to enroll their children in either private or public high school. While there is evidence that shows private schools tend to perform better academically than public schools, both types of schooling prepare students for the workforce or higher education. There are a few key differences in each type of schooling to consider when making the decision to attend a public or private high school. Public high school

1296-776: The age of 14 (sometimes 13) and pass through four years (sometimes five): School years are normally around nine months long (from August or September to May or June), and are broken up into quarters or semesters. College entry is controlled by many factors including Grade Point Average (GPA), and an elective SAT or ACT exam run by two non-profit organizations: the College Board and the ACT , respectively. Smaller schools can educate fewer than 200 pupils in total, while some teach over 4,000 at any given time. The typical high school day includes: The high school may emphasize various opportunities for students: A high school curriculum

1344-412: The age range, financial status, or ability level of the pupils accepted. In North America , most high schools include grades 9 through 12. Students attend them following graduation from middle school (often alternatively called junior high school ). As late as 1900, high school attendance was very rare in the United States, with only a small percentage of the population ever attending high school. In

1392-462: The curriculum to be followed by the college. It included English language and literature, one or more modern languages, geography, mathematics, classics, history, drawing, music and such other branches of science as the Council of Governors should determine. The Deed stated that the purpose of the school was the "advancement of religion and morality, and the promotion of useful knowledge, by offering to

1440-442: The education has to fulfill the needs of: students, teachers, non-teaching support staff, administrators and the community. It has to meet general government building guidelines, health requirements, minimal functional requirements for classrooms, toilets and showers, electricity and services, preparation and storage of textbooks and basic teaching aids. An optimum secondary school will meet the minimum conditions and will have: Also,

1488-558: The establishment of a system of free public primary schools. The main support came from local merchants, businessmen, and wealthier artisans, while many wage earners opposed it because they knew they would be paying for it through income taxation. In spite of this, Boston Latin School became public in 1820. This was the first public high school in the United States. Seven years later, a state law in Massachusetts made all grades of public school open to all pupils, free of charge. However, in

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1536-490: The first all-boys college in New Zealand to form a gay-straight alliance support group. The alliance operated from its own room. In 2017, the group was re-formed, after a failed attempt in 2015. In 2019, long-serving and retiring headmaster Gary O'Shea claimed that the school needed more girls to stay up-to-date. The college has a house system with, as of 16 May 2019, six different houses that compete across

1584-609: The first game of rugby played in New Zealand, against the Nelson Rugby Football Club on 14 May 1870 at what is now known as the Botanic Reserve, Nelson , and, in 1876, the first inter-College rugby match in New Zealand was played between Nelson College and Wellington College . On 7 December 1904, the College was almost completely destroyed by fire. The main building, designed by William Beatson ,

1632-590: The first half to two-thirds of the twentieth century increasing numbers of students attended, and it became an expected part of almost all students' education. The first institution labeled as a "high school" was Edinburgh's Royal High School in Scotland , which was founded in 1128. The Royal High School was used as a model for the first public high school in the United States , Boston Latin School , founded in Boston , Massachusetts in 1635. Boston Latin School

1680-410: The larger environment (e.g., announcements about 100 programs instead of just 10) and that as individuals they form fewer relationships with teachers outside of their primary subject area. Smaller schools have less social isolation and more engagement. These effects cannot be entirely overcome through implementation of a house system or " school within a school " programs. The building providing

1728-565: The learned." The new academies would be practical in nature but allow a few of the working class to advance by "raking a few geniuses from the rubbish." In 1785, before the U.S. Constitution was ratified, the Continental Congress passed a law calling for a survey of the Northwest Territory , which included what was to become the state of Ohio . The law created townships , reserving a portion of each township for

1776-491: The predicted roll of the school and the area needed. According to standards used in the United Kingdom, a general classroom for 30 students needs to be 55 m , or more generously 62 m . A general art room for 30 students needs to be 83 m , but 104 m for 3D textile work. A drama studio or a specialist science laboratory for 30 needs to be 90 m . Examples are given on how this can be configured for

1824-399: The public school system are required to complete a process of certification in order to teach within their particular state. Requirements for certification can vary from state to state as well, making it necessary for teachers to complete a unique certification for every state in which they wish to teach. Most public schools require teachers to have a bachelors degree in their subject matter and

1872-416: The public school system to enroll their child in a school outside of their geographical district, but that isn't always the case . High schools are depicted in many teenage-oriented films and television soap operas . Almost universally, these films fall into the comedy or social issues/drama genre categories. High school films from Hollywood rarely discuss the economic disparities between

1920-452: The right to take a limited number of students per year based on the requirements they set for student admission. Public schools have an open enrollment style system for student acceptance, which leads to larger classroom sizes. While there is more flexibility for parents in choosing a private school, parents with children enrolled in public high school still have a choice in deciding which school they will attend. Some states allow parents using

1968-602: The same campus . A Nelson College old boy , Charles Monro , was instrumental in introducing the game of rugby into New Zealand. The school opened with eight students on 7 April 1856 in premises in Trafalgar Square, Nelson, but shortly thereafter moved to a site in Manuka Street. In 1861, the school moved again to its current site in Waimea Road. The Deed of Foundation was signed in 1857 and set out

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2016-503: The same school with Advanced/Honors, CP (College Preparatory), AP (Advanced Placement), and IB ( International Baccalaureate ) classes. Students typically do four years of study, with eight core subjects and electives, both of which vary by school. Passing a course earns credit and students must earn at least 30 credits to graduate, among other requirements. Study halls are sometimes offered, which don't contribute to GPA or number of credits earned. Primarily, evaluations can be expressed as

2064-481: The slave-owning states, things were different. Generally public schooling in rural areas did not extend beyond the elementary grades for either whites or blacks. This was known as "eighth grade school". After 1900, some cities began to establish high schools, primarily for middle class whites. In the 1930s roughly one fourth of the US population still lived and worked on farms and few rural Southerners of either race went beyond

2112-465: The term, translates these to grade point equivalents, and calculates a Grade Point Average (GPA) weighted by the number of credits earned for each class. A transcript lists the course grades received during the student's entire tenure at the school and compiles them into a cumulative GPA. 2014 recommended federal standards for Physical Education are at least 225 minutes of P.E. a week for middle school and high school. The standards involve: Parents in

2160-725: The youth of the Province general education of a superior character." In 1858, the General Assembly passed the Nelson College Act, which confirmed the status of the school. There were nine initial trustees, including Charles Elliott , David Monro , John Barnicoat , Charles Bigg Wither , William Wells , and Alfred Domett . In that same year, Alfred Fell gifted the common seal, containing the college's badge and motto, " Pietas, Probitas et Sapientia " (Loyalty, honesty and wisdom). A team from Nelson College took part in

2208-556: Was initially a private school, so although it did become the first public high school, a school system in Dedham, Massachusetts was the first to be supported by public taxation. The schools prepared boys for the law or the church. The length of the school day varied with the seasons, but there was a shortage of Latin speakers available to become teachers because the job was unattractive due to low status and low pay. The colony ordered that The Protestant Tutor, Instructing Youth and Others, in

2256-518: Was overturned by the president . The same delay in equality in public high schools can be accounted for the general regarding of other groups as minorities in the US. While there is no set standard for American high schools, some generalizations can be made about the majority. Public schools are managed by local, elected school districts . There is a range in quality from basic education to more intellectually-stimulating environments for students approximately 14 to 18 years of age. Students enter around

2304-435: Was said to be a "miniature of Eton ," the architect being an old Etonian . In 1926, Nelson College was invited to join the annual rugby tournament between Christ's College , Wanganui Collegiate School and Wellington College , known as the "Quadrangular". In the 1929 Murchison earthquake , the main building of the College was once again severely damaged, although only two boys were injured. In 2011, Nelson College became

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