Misplaced Pages

#856143

53-522: Most of the residents are originally from Marmara Island , in the Sea of Marmara , and from Parthenonas, a small village on the mountain, Itamos. Neos Marmaras was formed in 1925 by Greek refugees from Marmara Island following the Asia Minor catastrophe and exchange of populations with Turkey. In 1970, the traditional inland hill village of Parthenonas was abandoned and these inhabitants moved down to

106-464: A hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSh ) with strong Mediterranean influences. Winter highs are around 13 °C (55 °F) while summer highs are around 32 °C (90 °F). Winters are particularly mild, and on average they are slightly warmer than the French Riviera , while it is one of the few areas of Macedonia with a hot semi-arid climate . According to

159-641: A Greek tyrant named Metrodorus . In 410 BC, Alcibiades conquered it for Athens. During the Diocletianic Persecution , the Emperor Diocletian ordered low-status Manichaeans to be executed while high-status Manichaeans were to be sent to work in the quarries of Proconnesus or the mines of Khirbat Faynan . During the reign of Constantine the Great in the 4th century, notable aristocracy from Constantinople first settled on

212-454: A change of the bishop's place of residence. For example, several of the sees added by this change of policy are in the western and central United States, such as Grass Valley, California , whose diocese was dissolved upon the erection of the Diocese of Sacramento . The change of practice is reflected in the inclusion from then on of such sees in the official lists of titular sees in editions of

265-403: A corresponding title, such as Superior of a Mission sui iuris , Apostolic Administrator, Ordinary, Prefect Apostolic, territorial Abbot, Vicar Apostolic, or Prelate. The ecclesiastic may be in priestly or episcopal orders. In recent practice an Apostolic Administrator, Vicar Apostolic, or Prelate (in this precise sense) is often appointed (and consecrated) a bishop. If that happens he is assigned

318-520: A group of runaways was protected and hidden by the locals of Marmara Island while the batches of children were being transported from the port of Dutlimanı in Bandırma . Beginning in the 17th century some Turks and a relatively large number of Jewish people lived on the island; most of these were Sephardi who had left Spain after the Inquisition. During World War I much of the population was forced off

371-477: A neighbouring territory or subdivided, according to developing circumstances. An example might be the uniting on November 30, 1987, of two Egyptian vicariates apostolic , Heliopolis of Egypt and Port Said, to become the single Vicariate Apostolic of Alexandria of Egypt–Heliopolis of Egypt–Port Said , governed by Egypt's only Latin Ordinary at present. A different example would be the division, on 6 July 6, 1992, of

424-594: A separate six volume index. Moroni acknowledged the great difficulties in compiling this work, even after he thoroughly examined all the sources available to him. In 1851, the Annuario Pontificio began to have such a list, but it did not purport to be complete. On the contrary, it contained only those that were in general use. Names of dioceses disappeared and were listed again when the titles were actually assigned. Until 1882, these titles were given as in partibus infidelium . According to Corrigan,

477-451: A titular see, in addition to his status as head of the territorial jurisdiction. the appointment as bishop is less likely in the case of a Superior of a Mission sui iuris , or a Prefect Apostolic, but may happen, especially when a man who is already a bishop governing a particular jurisdiction is appointed cumulatively to govern one of these others. A particular territory may have its canonical status changed more than once, or may be united to

530-596: A visiting place of Jason and the Argonauts and with the expedition against Troy, the Trojan War , which Herodotus dates around 1250 BC. Historical evidence of the first Hellenic presence on Marmara came with the early colonization of Ionian Greeks in the 8th century BC. In 493 BC it was burned by a Phoenician fleet fighting for Darius the Great . The island was ruled for the Achaemenid Empire under

583-510: Is renowned for having the highest mountain peak in the Marmara Sea and is home to Turkey's richest flora for its land size. Marmara Island is also unique in its support of wild horse populations and is renowned for its ancient marble quarries, from which the term "marble" originates. Additionally, it is the birthplace of the enigmatic ancient poet Aristeas and is known for producing Turkey's most exquisitely flavored sage tea . The island

SECTION 10

#1732773122857

636-620: Is rich in olive trees. Marmara Island has five villages and one central town. The center is called Marmara and is the administration center of two more islands (Avşa and Ekinlik Islands) nearby. The population was mainly Greek along with some Turkish and Jewish population in Marmara settlement until the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923. Today the local people are originally from different regions of Turkey and Balkans, mainly from Middle and East of Black Sea Region and Western Thrace of Greece. The permanent population, distances from

689-575: Is the only one in Turkey to offer a combination of high mountains, lowlands suitable for agriculture, streams, waterfalls, olive cultivation, tourism, and mining. In ancient times the island was called Proikonesos ( Προικόνησος ) or Prokonnesos ( Προκόννησος ), Latinized as Proconnesus . The modern name "Marmara" is derived from the Greek μάρμαρον ( marmaron ) and that from μάρμαρος ( mármaros ), "crystalline rock", "shining stone", perhaps from

742-601: The Annuario Pontificio . Previously, titular sees were routinely (yet not always) assigned not only to auxiliary bishops, similar pseudo-diocesan offices and pre-diocesan apostolic vicars or (Eastern Catholic) apostolic exarchs (not apostolic prefects ), but also to retired bishops by way of emeritate (sometimes with a 'promotion' from a suffragan see to an archiepiscopal titular see; however sometimes transferred to another during an incumbent emeritus bishop's life) and even to coadjutor bishops . That practice

795-586: The Diocese of Évreux , who was controversial for his positions on religious, political and social matters, refused to retire and become Bishop Emeritus of Évreux, he was transferred to the titular see of Partenia . The crusading William IV, Count of Nevers , dying in the Holy Land in 1168, left the building known as the Hospital of Panthenor in the town of Clamecy in Burgundy , together with some land, to

848-713: The Herculean Sarcophagus of Genzano now in the British Museum . Additionally, it was used in the Basilica of Maxentius and the arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum . Proconnesian marble played a significant role in meeting the marble needs of the Roman Empire (marble is still the island's primary export). Stories and legends identify the island of Marmara (ancient Prokonnessos) as

901-474: The National Observatory of Athens station data, Neos Marmaras falls in hardiness zone 10a. This Central Macedonia location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Marmara Island Marmara Island ( Turkish : Marmara Adası ) is a Turkish island in the Sea of Marmara . With an area of 126.1 km (48.7 sq mi) it is the largest island in

954-416: The marble (marmaron) for which the town is famous and which gives the island, the sea and the whole region their name. Marmara Island is notable for its diverse natural and cultural attributes. Located near Istanbul, it features clean waters, pebble and sandy beaches, and ideal trekking routes. The island experiences two distinct climate regimes: Mediterranean on the south and Black Sea on the north side. It

1007-491: The 19th century to two separately 'restored' titular successor sees: a Latin titular archbishopric of Nazareth and a Maronite ( Antiochian Rite ) titular (Arch)bishopric of Nazareth, both suppressed only in the early 20th century. The granting of titular sees is occasionally practised in the Eastern and other Orthodox churches. The Roman Catholic Church lists as titular sees, former diocese that no longer function, several in

1060-686: The Bishops of Bethlehem, in case Bethlehem should fall under Muslim control. After Saladin took Bethlehem in 1187, the Bishop took up residence in 1223 in his property, which remained the seat of titular Bishops of Bethlehem for almost 600 years, until the French Revolution of 1789. The Roman Catholic Archbishopric of Nazareth first had two centuries of Metropolitan Archbishops of Nazareth in Barletta (southern Italy), and gave rise in

1113-580: The Ghanaian diocese of Accra, to separate from its territory the new diocese of Koforidua . At the same date, the diocese of Accra became a Metropolitan Archdiocese. After a name change, an abandoned name may be 'restored' as a titular see, even though a residential successor see exist(ed). Furthermore, the Catholic Church may create more than one titular see named after a single city, by creating one or more lines of apostolic succession assigned to

SECTION 20

#1732773122857

1166-706: The Greeks on the islands, particularly on Marmara Island. Since the Topağaç Plain, located in the eastern part of Marmara Island, was a malaria hotspot at that time, those who acquired land there were temporarily settled in Asmalı Village to the north. Permanent settlement in Topağaç Village began in 1928 with immigrants from Greece, and in 1930, worker families from Karabiga were also settled in this village. On 4 January 1935 at 16:41:29 local time, an earthquake hit

1219-640: The Latin and/or one or more Eastern Catholic rites, which are not necessarily of the same rank. It was formerly the practice to add the term in partibus infidelium , often shortened to in partibus or i.p.i. , meaning "in the lands of the unbelievers", to the name of the see conferred on titular (non-diocesan) Latin Church bishops. Formerly, when bishops fled from invading Muslims, they were welcomed by other churches, while preserving their titles and their rights to their own dioceses. They were entrusted with

1272-476: The Marmara Island and its neighboring islands Avşa and Paşalimanı , causing five deaths, 30 people injured and several villages destroyed. Marmara Island has an area of 117.18 square kilometers. The island, which roughly resembles an ellipse, has mountainous terrain in its central regions, while its north and south are generally hilly. The hilly area in the north extends in a strip and narrows towards

1325-568: The Sea of Marmara and is the second largest island of Turkey after Gökçeada (older name in Turkish: İmroz ; Greek: Ίμβρος Imvros ). It is the center of Marmara district in Balıkesir Province . Transportation is possible from Istanbul by ship and ferry, and by motorboat from Tekirdağ and Erdek . Marmara island has a lot of historical artifacts. The town of "Marmara" takes its name from

1378-580: The administration of vacant sees of other dioceses, or with assisting in such government of a see which already had a residential bishop. In later days it was deemed fitting to preserve the memory of ancient Christian churches which no longer existed; this was done by giving their names to auxiliary bishops or bishops in missionary countries. These bishops did not reside in the sees whose titles they bore, nor could they exercise any power over them, and are not entrusted with their care. They are therefore called titular bishops, as opposed to diocesan bishops, and

1431-399: The bishops of those dioceses, who could give rise, even after long interruption (exile and/or vacancy), to a 'restored' line of apostolic succession on each see. The Ordinary or hierarch of a Catholic titular see may be styled a "Titular Metropolitan" (highest rank), "Titular Archbishop" (intermediary rank) or " titular bishop " (lowest rank), which normally goes by the status conferred on

1484-456: The center, the current names and the previous names of the villages are: There is no airport on Marmara Island. Marmara Island can be reached from Tekirdağ, Istanbul, and Erdek district in Balıkesir by sea. Ferries and passenger boats provide basic transportation from Tekirdağ and Erdek, with the journey taking 2 hours. Additionally, during summer seasons, IDO operates a sea bus from Istanbul, and

1537-567: The coast and also settled in Neos Marmaras boosting its population. Since the 1980s, Neos Marmaras has become a popular tourist town with numerous cafes, restaurants and bars along the waterfront being very busy in the summer months. Porto Carras is a big 5-star resort outside Neos Marmaras. It is one of the biggest in northern Greece. There is also a famous wine from Porto Carras called Domaine Porto Carras. Neos Marmaras has numerous settlements and islands including: Neos Marmaras has

1590-910: The context of improved relations with the Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy after the Second Vatican Council , the Holy See, while continuing to appoint bishops to titular sees in North Africa , ceased to make such appointments to sees that were historically part of the Eastern patriarchates of Constantinople , Alexandria , Antioch , and Jerusalem . It began instead to treat as titular sees also those Catholic dioceses in any country no longer used as titles of diocesan bishops because of having been absorbed into other dioceses or having been renamed due to

1643-793: The control of the Latin Empire , which took Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Parthenia , in north Africa, was abandoned and swallowed by desert sand. During the Muslim conquests of the Middle East and North Africa, some bishops fled to Christian-ruled areas. Even if they did not return and the Christian population of their dioceses dispersed, were killed or abandoned the Catholic faith, they continued to be seen as

Neos Marmaras - Misplaced Pages Continue

1696-772: The countries in which they were ambassadors . The foundation of the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith , in 1622, gave a great impetus to the missionary work of the Church in China and Japan, and elsewhere a great increase in the number of bishops became necessary and those received their titles from the ancient abandoned sees. Only about 1850, was any attempt made to compile a list of such sees. Gaetano Moroni had already, in 1840, began publication of his 103 volume Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica with

1749-451: The diocesan bishops in their labors. After the 14th century the large increase of population in the great centers rendered such assistance particularly necessary. In the 16th century the Holy See inaugurated the policy of consecrating nuncios and other prelates, delegated to represent the Pope in his relations with the different nations, so that they would be equals with the diocesan bishops of

1802-608: The former Jewish residents settled in the North American cities of New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Portland (Oregon) and the Seattle/Tacoma area. Many of the current residents of Marmara Adasi are descendants of Turks who fled Greek islands during the population transfers of the 1920s. Initially, immigrants from Crete and families from the Black Sea region were settled in the houses and other properties left by

1855-464: The highest of the Marmara Islands, differs from the other islands in terms of its natural vegetation. While the remaining islands in the archipelago have a steppe appearance, Marmara Island features occasional areas of Red Pine forests. In the drier southern part, maquis vegetation is common. The northern part, with its forest cover, is richer in terms of plant life. Additionally, Marmara Island

1908-435: The island and the mountainous area is Büyükçayır Peak, which extends up to 699 meters in the central-western part of the island. Towards the southern coast of the island, there is a hilly area similar to that in the north, but with elevations not exceeding 300 meters. In the southeast, between the hills, lies the Topağaç Plain, an important agricultural area. The average width of the plain is about 1 kilometer. Marmara Island,

1961-676: The island onto the mainland. And, following the war, as a result of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne and the population exchange between Greece and Turkey , all remaining Greeks native to the island of Marmara emigrated to Greece and other locations around the globe. The island's Greek Orthodox diaspora settled primarily in Neos Marmaras in Chalkidiki, the island of Euboea and in the city of Thessaloniki in northern Greece . In addition, Canada, Australia and South America were popular destinations for Greek immigration of that time. Many of

2014-518: The island was strongly felt through strong ties to the Patriarchate of Constantinople . During most of its history, the island was called "Proikonnesos" (island of the royal dowry), and "Prinkipo", (island of the aristocracy). In the early 13th century, the island began to be referred to as Marmara. During the 15th century, the Turks, who took control of the island, adopted the name Marmara because it

2067-538: The island. By 569, many Byzantine aristocrats had built palaces on the island that they had accepted as their home. The greatest palace of this period was built by the Emperor Justinian I . With the Emperor came a large entourage of nobility, palace guards, tradesmen, and servants. Justinian also built a large convent on Marmara that is one of the earliest in recorded history. The Byzantine royal presence on

2120-479: The likelihood of having to divide the jurisdiction in the near future, and so on. In these circumstances the Catholic Church establishes sometimes not a diocese but a canonical jurisdiction of another kind. This may be, for example, a Mission sui iuris , an Apostolic Administration (permanently constituted), an Ordinariate, a Prefecture Apostolic, a territorial Abbey, a Vicariate Apostolic, or a Prelature. The ecclesiastic placed in charge of one of these jurisdictions has

2173-399: The number of abandoned sees. The final development of the list of sees, called in partibus infidelium , took shape, at first, from the attempt of the Holy See to keep up the succession of bishops in these dioceses, in the hope of reconquering their territory from the infidel. When all hope of such redemption was given up, these titles were still conferred on those who were chosen to assist

Neos Marmaras - Misplaced Pages Continue

2226-710: The places to which they had been appointed. The spread of Islam through Muslim conquests in Asia and Africa was responsible for hundreds of abandoned sees. During the Crusades , the Latins, who established new Christian communities, composed of Europeans and belonging to the Latin Church, procured the erection of new dioceses for their benefit, and these in turn, during the growth of the Ottoman Empire , increased

2279-528: The practice has become more widespread. Although the normal constitution of the hierarchy has always been built on the idea of local jurisdiction of the bishops, there are indications, in the early history of the Church, of many who did not enjoy what is usually called ordinary jurisdiction. Besides those who were endowed with the episcopal character, in order to assist the local bishops there were those who had been driven from their dioceses by infidels or by heretics , or who for other reasons could not reside in

2332-499: The sees themselves are called titular sees, as opposed to residential sees. The regular appointment of titular bishops is said to date back to the time of the Fifth Lateran Council , in 1514; cardinals alone were authorized to ask for titular bishops to be appointed to assist them in their dioceses. Pope Pius V extended the privilege to all sees in which it had become customary to have auxiliary bishops. Since then

2385-510: The story goes that King George I of Greece (a Lutheran ) complained to Pope Leo XIII that he and his (mostly Eastern Orthodox ) people were injured by this appellation, saying to Leo XIII, "we are not infidels, we are Christians; we are Catholics." Leo XIII, through a Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith decree, in 1882, abolished the phrase in partibus infidelium and ordered that future appointments should be made as "titular bishops". The custom, when Boudinhon wrote his article,

2438-436: The titular see (mostly corresponding to its historical rank), but exceptions ad hoc are currently made on a regular basis, either above or below the titular see's rank, while titular sees have repeatedly been promoted or demoted. There are practical advantages in certain circumstances in not establishing a permanent diocese in a given territory, for reasons of the limited size of the Catholic population, its lack of permanence,

2491-475: The titular see. Titular sees are dioceses that no longer functionally exist, often because the territory was conquered by Muslims or because it is schismatic . The Greek–Turkish population exchange of 1923 also contributed to titular sees. The see of Maximianoupolis along with the town that shared its name was destroyed by the Bulgarians under Emperor Kaloyan in 1207; the town and the see were under

2544-412: The trip takes 2.5 hours. Titular see A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbishop" (intermediary rank) or " titular bishop " (lowest rank), which normally goes by the status conferred on

2597-786: The verb μαρμαίρω ( marmaírō ), "to flash, sparkle, gleam", because it was famous for the white marble quarried there. Under the name Proconnesus it is a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church (the see has been vacant since the death in 1963 of the most recent occupant), and of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople . Proconnesian marble was used extensively in the Hagia Sophia , Blue Mosque in Istanbul, Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, satrapal palace of Halicarnassus , and exclusively in

2650-474: The west. The height of these hills, which expand east of Badalan Bay, reaches 337 meters in the east. Karabanlar Hill in the southern part of this hilly area in the northern section of the island reaches 346 meters, while the Yavuzaki ridge reaches up to 359 meters. The mountainous area in the central part rises to 516 meters at Keltepe in the west and 598 meters at Viranköy Hill in the east. The highest point of

2703-626: Was easy to pronounce, and this name has continued to the present day. On Marmara Island, there are gravestones that document the presence of Turkish and Islamic influences dating back. From the fall of the Byzantine Empire through the beginning of the Ottoman period , the island was almost exclusively populated by Greek Orthodox Christians . The island was a refuge for the runaways of the Devshirme System. For example in 1567,

SECTION 50

#1732773122857

2756-495: Was largely replaced for the last categories by the present one of referring to a retired bishop as a bishop emeritus of the see that he held, and to a coadjutor bishop simply as coadjutor bishop of the see to which he has been appointed. This change too is reflected in editions of the Annuario Pontificio of the period, which include information on renunciation by retired and coadjutor bishops of titular sees to which they had been appointed. In 1995, when Jacques Gaillot , Bishop of

2809-475: Was to join to the name of the see that of the district to which it formerly belonged, or else merely to say "titular bishop". The Annuaire Pontifical Catholique published a very complete list of the titular sees and titular bishops. Although it did not claim to be perfect, it contained the names of the sees and the bishops who had held the titles as far back, in some cases, as the 14th century. Titular sees, according to Corrigan in 1920, were conferred on In

#856143