21-579: Executive: Federal Parliament : Judiciary: The Nepal Democratic Congress ( Nepali : नेपाल प्रजातान्त्रिक कांग्रेस ) was a political party in Nepal established in 1948 by Subarna Shamsher and Mahabir Shamsher. The party merged with Nepali National Congress on 9 April 1950 to form the Nepali Congress . In 1933, prime minister Juddha Shumsher removed the C-class Ranas from
42-780: A two-chamber parliament ( संसद ), consisting of the House of Representatives and the National Assembly, with the President of Nepal acting as their head. The President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( नेपालको राष्ट्रपति , Nēpālakō rāṣṭrapati ) is the head of state of Nepal and commander in chief of the Nepalese Armed Forces . The office was created in May 2008 after
63-485: A 33% reservation for women in all public offices including the federal parliament. On 16 March 2018, Dr. Shiva Maya Tumbahamphe was elected as the deputy speaker of the house. Women's representation in the parliament has increased since the Constituent Assembly , which eventually guaranteed provisions for women's representation on the constitution. Both houses of the federal parliament currently meet at
84-481: A constituent assembly election was held in April 2008 . The 601-member assembly on 28 May 2008 abolished the 238-year-old monarchy and declared the country a republic. The constituent assembly, which was initially given two years to draft a new constitution, was dissolved on 27 May 2012 after its failure to draft a new constitution due to differences over restructuring the state. The second Nepalese Constituent Assembly
105-763: The International Convention Centre in New Baneshwor, Kathmandu. A new parliament building is being constructed in the premises of the Singha Durbar complex, which houses most government offices. Nepali Congress%27s Liberation Army Nepali Congress's Liberation Army (Congress Mukti Sena) was the militant wing of the Nepali Congress Party . Established in 1944 the Sena took part in an armed uprising against
126-726: The Mukti Sena . During the protests by Nepal Praja Panchayat in Kathmandu in the winter of 1948, the party ordered their followers in the Kathmandu Valley to join the protestors. In 1947, Subarna and Mahabir met Nepali National Congress leader B.P. Koirala in Kolkata. The Nepali National Congress supported a Satyagraha against the Rana regime wheres Subarna and Mahabir were in support of an armed struggle. The two did not join
147-575: The National Assembly and the House of Representatives as parallel houses. The former Parliament of Nepal was dissolved by King Gyanendra in 2002, on the grounds that it was incapable of handling the Maoist rebels. The country's five main political parties had staged protests against the king, arguing that he must either call fresh elections or reinstate the elected legislature. In 2004,
168-643: The 1948 Constitution was stopped and assets from some C-Class Ranas were confiscated. In June 1948, the Mukti Sena was formally established with Khawas as its chairman and Subarna as the financier. Subarna also convinced his nephew Thirbam Malla , the son of the King of Galkot and a captain in the Indian army to join the Mukti Sena. The Nepal Democratic Congress was founded in August 1948 with Mahendra Bikram Shah as
189-496: The President on recommendation of the government. They must include at least three women, one Dalit , and one member from disabled groups. Members serve staggered six year terms such that the term of one-third members expires every two years. There are 16 thematic committees in the federal parliament: ten in the House of Representatives, four in the National Assembly and two joint committees. The constitution of Nepal guarantees
210-473: The country was declared as a republic. The first President of Nepal was Ram Baran Yadav . The current president is Ram Chandra Poudel . He is the third president of the country. The House of Representatives ( प्रतिनिधि सभा , Pratinidhi Sabha ) has 275 members. 165 members are elected from single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting and 110 elected through proportional electoral system where voters vote for political parties, considering
231-588: The general public. Toran , Rudra and Kiran Shumsher were some influential C-class Ranas that had joined the party. Eventually the party attracted the support of people that were dissatisfied with factional politics in Nepali National Congress , Gorkha ex-servicemen and former members of the Indian Army . The party called for an armed struggle against the Rana regime and formed the core of
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#1732780576138252-448: The general secretary of the unified Nepali Congress . Federal parliament of Nepal Confidence & Supply (3) Opposition (28) Confidence & Supply (29) Opposition (68) Executive: Federal Parliament : Judiciary: The Federal Parliament of Nepal ( संघीय संसद नेपाल , Saṅghīya Sansada Nēpāla ) is the bicameral federal and supreme legislature of Nepal established in 2018. It consists of
273-532: The goal of raising the sociopolitical consciousness of former Gurkhas in India . The league was active in other parts of India but was focused in North Bengal and Assam . In 1947, a wing of the party under the leadership of Purna Singh Khawas joined Subarna Shumsher in preparation for an armed struggle against the Rana regime. After the appointment of Mohan Shumsher as prime minister, the implementation of
294-428: The king announced that parliamentary elections would be held within twelve months; in April 2006, in response to major pro-democratic protests , it was announced that Parliament would be reestablished. After the success of the April 2006 people's movement, on 15 January 2007, the old parliament was dissolved and replaced by a 330-member interim legislature of Nepal . The legislature drafted an interim constitution and
315-457: The party but provided them with financial assistance. Later in 1949, the party president Shah and general secretary Upadhyaya met with Nepali National Congress leaders in Patna and proposed a unification of their two parties. The party merged with Nepali National Congress on 9 April 1950 with Nepali National Congress president Matrika Prasad Koirala appointed as president and Mahendra Bikram Shah as
336-489: The political leaders of India and some influential Nepalese in Calcutta. Among them were Surya Prasad Upadhyaya and Rishikesh Shah . The two cousins also came in contact with the royal family when King Tribhuvan 's sons Prince Himalaya and Prince Basundhara visited Calcutta in 1941. After the appointment of prime minister Padma Shumsher in 1945, he invited his nephews Mahabir and Subarna back to Kathmandu and Subarna
357-630: The president and Surya Prasad Upadhyaya as general secretary in Kolkata with the financial backing of Subarna Shamsher , Mahabir Shamsher and other C-Class Ranas. The party was based in Kolkata but branches were opened in Kathmandu and other border towns in Nepal. The head office was moved to Patna where Surya Prasad Upadhyaya resided. The first party convention was held in January 1949 in Guwahati , Assam . The party leadership and financial backers were Rana and so initially had limited appeal amongst
378-612: The roll of succession and banished them from Kathmandu . Among them were Hiranya Shumsher who was appointed as the Governor of Birgunj and Mahabir Shumsher who settled in Calcutta in India. Hiranya Shumsher's son Subarna was studying in Calcutta during the time of the purge. Mahabir found success as a businessman in Calcutta during the second world war and was joined by his cousin Subarna in Calcutta. Subarna established contacts with
399-410: The whole country as a single election constituency. The members of the house hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the President on the advice of the council of ministers . The National Assembly ( राष्ट्रिय सभा , Rastriya Sabha ) has 59 members. Eight members are elected from each of the seven provinces by an electoral college of each province, and three are appointed by
420-430: Was appointed as an advisor. Subarna resigned from his position and went back to Calcutta less than a year later. In 1946, King Tribhuwan visited Calcutta for a medical check-up. Mahabir and Subarna were black-listed by the Rana regime and any contact with the king was forbidden, but with the help of Boris Lisanevich the three were able to meet in secret. The Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League was established in May 1945 with
441-462: Was converted into a legislative parliament of Nepal after the promulgation of the constitution on 20 September 2015. The second Nepalese Constituent Assembly was formed after the failure of the first Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution. The Legislature Parliament of Nepal was dissolved on 21 January 2018 (7 Magh 2074 BS ). According to the Constitution of Nepal 2015 , Nepal has
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