129-546: Nigdi is an affluent suburb in the city of Pune, India. Bhakti Shakti, Nigdi is considered as the gateway to Pune. Nigdi Pradhikaran is also an important administration locality for industrial area Pimpri-Chinchwad . Nigdi is a well developed locality with property rates being high in and around Bhakti Shakti and in Pradhikaran localities. Nigdi is also home to Pimpri Chinchwad New Town Development Authority, GST bhavan, Kendriya Sadan - Pune CBI headquarters and many more. Nigdi
258-628: A subsidiary alliance . The Company subsequently seized control of regions ruled by the Maratha Empire , after defeating them in a series of wars. Much of Punjab was annexed in the year 1849, after the defeat of Sikh armies in the First (1845–46) and Second (1848–49) Anglo-Sikh Wars. Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone was an early revolutionary against the British presence in Tamil Nadu. He became
387-709: A century later, the Dutch and English established trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent, with the first English trading post set up at Surat in 1613. Over the next two centuries, the British defeated the Portuguese and Dutch but remained in conflict with the French. The decline of the Mughal Empire in the first half of the eighteenth century allowed the British to establish a foothold in Indian politics. During
516-566: A cinema in the city limits. Durga Tekdi and Bhakti-Shakti are one of main public parks in Pune. The Bhakti Shakti garden hosted the second largest national flag of India at 351 ft. The Boat Club Garden, Thergaon on the bank of Pawana River hosts kids play area, toy train ride, 15 meter high watch tower, boating and rafting. The city also has a zoo named after Nisargakavi Bahinabai Chaudhari in Chinchwad East . A lake garden
645-559: A combined religious school and bomb factory at a garden house in Maniktala suburb of Calcutta . However, the attempted murder of district Judge Kingsford of Muzaffarpur by Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki (30 April 1908) initiated a police investigation that led to the arrest of many of the revolutionaries. Bagha Jatin was one of the senior leaders in Jugantar. He was arrested, along with several other leaders, in connection with
774-684: A common alliance against the British. After Rajguru's death, Bakshi Jagabandhu launched an armed revolution against the East India Company's rule in Odisha. This is now known as the Paik Rebellion , the first uprising against the British East India Company. The Indian war of independence of 1857 was a large uprising in northern and central India against the East India Company. The conditions of service in
903-614: A distance of 14.66 km on an elevated viaduct. Lines 1 and 2 are expected to be operational in 2021. The 23.33-km elevated Line 3 will run from the Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park in Hinjawadi via Balewadi to Civil Court. All three lines will align at the Civil Court interchange station . The detailed project report (DPR) was prepared for the initial two lines by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation which
1032-560: A mass rapid transit system, was inaugurated in March 2022. The system comprises 3 lines with a total length of 54.58 km. As of 2022, Pimpri-Chinchwad has been served by 6 metro stations of Purple Line which is PCMC Bhavan , Sant Tukaram Nagar , Nashik Phata , Kasarwadi , Phugewadi , Dapodi . The 16.59 km Line 1 PCMC Bhavan – Swargate will be elevated between PCMC Bhavan to Range Hills, from where it will run underground . Line 2 will run from Vanaz to Ramwadi covering
1161-532: A military leader in the town of Ettayapuram and was defeated in battle against the British and Maruthanayagam's forces. He was executed in 1757. Puli Thevar opposed the Nawab of Arcot , who was supported by the British. Maruthanayagam Pillai was a commandant of the British East India Company's Madras Army . He was born in a Tamil Vellalar caste family in a village called Panaiyur in British India , what
1290-595: A number of attacks of figureheads of the Raj, culminating in the attempt on the life of a British judge in Muzaffarpur. This precipitated the Alipore bomb case , whilst a number of revolutionaries were killed, or captured and put on trial. Revolutionaries like Khudiram Bose , Prafulla Chaki , Kanailal Dutt who were either killed or hanged became household names. The British newspaper, The Empire , wrote: Khudiram Bose
1419-516: A radius of 20 km around the city of Pune, India. It also runs services on BRT corridors under the brand name Rainbow BRTS . As of May 2018, there are two operating BRT corridors in PCMC limits with a combined length of 22.5 km, while work is underway on three other corridors with a total length 28 km. Although the BRTS project has been deemed a failure in the historic PMC, PCMC claims that
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#17327867392371548-1151: A rapid growth in terms of the industries and most of the major automobile companies and their headquarters are located here. There is also a rapid growth in the software and IT departments. Industrialization started in 1954 with the arrival of antibiotics research institute Hindustan Antibiotics Limited (HAL). PCMC, Pune is now home to the Indian operations of major automobile companies like Bajaj Auto , BEL Optronic Devices Limited , Daimler Chrysler , Force Motors , General Motors , Jaguar Land Rover , Kawasaki , Kinetic Engineering , Mahindra & Mahindra , Mercedes-Benz India , Premier Ltd. , TATA Motors , Thermax and Volkswagen . In addition to this, several heavy industries such as Alfa Laval , Atlas Copco , ATS Automation Tooling Systems , Bharat Forge , Bosch , Bridgestone , Finolex Group , Forbes Marshall , Geberit , General Electric , Hyundai Heavy Industries , IKEA , KSB Pumps , Lear Corporation , Lumax, Manitowoc Cranes , New Holland Agriculture , Sandvik , Sany , Schindler Group , Sigma Corporation , SKF , Suzlon , ThyssenKrupp , Varroc have their manufacturing units in
1677-687: A working committee with M. Rahnasamy of Andhra University serving as president and B.L. Rallia Ram of Lahore serving as general secretary. In its meeting on 16 and 17 April 1947, the joint committee prepared a 13-point memorandum that was sent to the Constituent Assembly of India , which asked for religious freedom for both organisations and individuals; this came to be reflected in the Constitution of India . The temperance movement in India became aligned with Indian nationalism under
1806-535: Is Asia's second largest rowing channel after China. PCMC Administration runs 136 public schools, locally called 'Municipality Schools'. According to the PCMC Website, the neighbourhood also has 208 private schools that are run by individuals or educational trusts. Public schools are affiliated to the State Board . Private schools vary in their choice curriculum and may follow the State Board or one of
1935-452: Is May. The city often has heavy dusty winds in May, with humidity remaining high. Even during the hottest months, the nights are usually cool due to Pune's high altitude. The highest temperature recorded was 43.3 °C (109.9 °F) on 30 April 1897. The monsoon lasts from June to October, with moderate rainfall and temperatures ranging from 22 to 28 °C (72 to 82 °F). Most of
2064-682: Is also located close to the zoo called the Bird Valley because of the water birds like cranes which come migrating here. Appu Ghar also known as Indira Gandhi Udyan is an amusement park located in the Pradhikaran area. Pimpri Chinchwad Science Park , Pune is one of the latest tourist attraction and activity based Science Centre of Pune region. The Science Centre houses Galleries on different themes of Science & Technology, Activity area, Inflatable Taramandal and an Auditorium. It also has an open air Science Park spread over 3.5 acres. Most of
2193-472: Is another important road passes through the suburbs of Kasarwadi , Bhosari , Chikhli , Moshi , Chimbali, and Chakan all the way up to Nashik . The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope in Khodad is off this road. The Pimpri-Chinchwad link road connects the suburbs of Pimpri and Chinchwad , as one of the alternative roads to Mumbai–Pune Road. The Mumbai Pune Expressway that originates at Kiwale just outside
2322-545: Is in Chinchwad near Nigdi. Pimpri-Chinchwad Pimpri-Chinchwad , also known as PCMC , is a city in the Indian state of Maharashtra . The city is about 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of the historic city of Pune , at an altitude of 590 m (1,940 ft) above sea level. It is the fifth largest city in Maharashtra and the eighteenth largest city in India and the sixteenth largest satellite city in
2451-866: Is near Akurdi, Dehu road and Chinchwad railway station . There is a bus terminal at Bhakti Shakti, Nigdi where you get buses to every corner of the city. Luxury travels and State Transport buses are also easily available in Nigdi. Akurdi Railway Station of Pune Suburban Railway is in Sector-26 of Nigdi Pradhikaran. All local trains stops there. Nigdi is well connected to Pune City by buses leaving from Nigdi Bus terminal of Pune Mahanagar Parivahan Mahamandal Limited . There are PMPML buses available to Swargate , Kothrud , Hinjawadi , Katraj , Bhosari , Pune Station , Yerwada , Lonavala , Hadapsar , Wadgaon, Talegaon, Shirgaon etc. Mumbai Pune highway goes through Nigdi. Chinchwad Railway Station of Pune Suburban Railway
2580-819: Is now in Nainarkoil Taluk, Ramanathapuram District of Tamil Nadu , India. He converted to Islam and was named Muhammad Yusuf Khan. He was popularly known as Khan Sahib when he became a ruler of Madurai. He became a warrior in the Arcot troops, and later a commandant for the British East India Company troops. The British and the Arcot Nawab employed him to suppress the Polygar (a.k.a. Palayakkarar) uprising in South India . Later he
2709-798: Is one of India's busiest roads. A ring road is being planned for the convenience of heavy traffic. Until 2007, PCMC, Pune served by its own public transport bus service provider, the Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Transport , Pune. On 19 October 2007, it was merged with the Pune Municipal Transport, Pune that served it's historic neighbourhood of Pune to form the Pune Mahanagar Parivahan Mahamandal Limited (PMPML; lit. Pune Metropolitan Transport Corporation Ltd. ). PMPML runs buses on 371 routes that cover
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#17327867392372838-617: Is one of the 31 refugee camps in Bombay State (present day Maharashtra) set up during the period. After Indian independence from the British in 1947. In 1955, Hindustan Antibiotics was set up in Pimpri with the cooperation of WHO and UNICEF with the social objective of providing affordable drugs throughout India. It was inaugurated by India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on 10 March 1954. Production began in 1955. The establishment of Hindustan Antibiotics in 1954 marked
2967-480: Is one of the major industrial hubs in Asia in which the majority contributes from the neighbourhood of Pimpri-Chinchwad. The formation of MIDC in 1962 resulted in a constant process of industrial land acquisition and the creation of required support infrastructure. Since then, there has been a massive influx of several European companies who continue to be keen on setting up manufacturing facilities in PCMC, Pune. It has
3096-425: Is one of the shopping street in Pune for clothing, electronics and jewellery. There are several cinema halls as well as shopping malls in the city. Cricket is one of the most popular sports in this city. Maharashtra Cricket Association Stadium , Gahunje (also known as MCA Stadium), inaugurated in 2012, hosts both one day internationals and test matches with a seating capacity of 37,000 spectators. It serves as
3225-636: Is served by five railway stations, Chinchwad , Akurdi , Pimpri , Kasarwadi and Dapodi , on the Pune Suburban Railway as well as the Mumbai Dadar–Solapur sections of the Indian Railways ( Central zone ). Local trains ( EMUs ) connect PCMC, Pune to its historic neighbourhood of Pune and the hill station of Lonavala , while daily express trains connect it to Mumbai . Daily express trains through Pune Junction connect
3354-611: Is the local governing body. It comprises two branches: the executive branch headed by the Municipal Commissioner , an IAS officer appointed by the Government of Maharashtra , and an elected deliberative branch, the general body, headed by the Mayor . Municipal elections are held every five years to elect councilors, popularly known as 'corporators', who form the general body of the PCMC. The corporators, in turn, elect
3483-469: Is under construction in the twin cities. Uber and Ola Cabs also provide vehicle for hire services in the city. It is well connected to neighbouring cities via several highways. It has a 633-km long extensive network of roads connecting its various neighbourhoods. The NH 48 runs throughout the city and serves as the main connecting link for the PCMC and PMC. After the Mumbai–Pune Expressway
3612-562: The Battle of Plassey , the East India Company's Army defeated Siraj ud-Daulah , the Nawab of Bengal , and the company established itself as a major player in Indian affairs. After the Battle of Buxar of 1764, it gained administrative rights over Bengal , Bihar and the Midnapur part of Odisha . After the defeat of Tipu Sultan , most of southern India came either under the company's direct rule, or under its indirect political control in
3741-587: The Chapekar brothers : Damodar Hari (1870–1898), Balkrishna Hari (1873–1899) and Vasudeo Hari, who assassinated W. C. Rand, a British civil service officer and the chairman of the Special Plague Committee of Poona ( Pune ), on 22 June 1897. Following the partition of India , the Government of India constructed 1,609 residences and laid out around 300 plots on 203 acres of land in the Pimpri area. This area came to be known as Pimpri Camp
3870-657: The Chuar Rebellions in these regions from 1771 to 1809. Syed Mir Nisar Ali Titumir was an Islamic preacher who led a peasant uprising against the Hindu Zamindars of Bengal and the British during the 19th century. Along with his followers, he built a bamboo fort ( Bansher Kella in Bengali) in Narkelberia Village, which gained a prominent place into Bengali folk legend. After the storming of
3999-604: The Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan . On 26 January 1950, the Constitution of India established the Republic of India. Pakistan adopted its first constitution in 1956. In 1971, East Pakistan declared its own independence as Bangladesh . The first European to reach India via the Atlantic Ocean was the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama , who reached Calicut in 1498 in search of spice. Just over
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4128-813: The East India Association in 1866 and Surendranath Banerjee founded the Indian National Association in 1876. Inspired by a suggestion made by A.O. Hume , a retired Scottish civil servant, seventy-two Indian delegates met in Bombay in 1885 and founded the Indian National Congress. They were mostly members of the upwardly mobile and successful western-educated provincial elites, engaged in professions such as law, teaching and journalism. At its inception, Congress had no well-defined ideology and commanded few of
4257-498: The Haveli taluka to become the 15th and newest of Pune district's talukas. The size of the city more than doubled in 1997 (from 84.51 km to 170.51 km .) with the addition (in part or in full) of 18 villages located at the periphery of the PCMC as it existed in 1982. Tathawade was added to the city in 2008, bringing the total area of the neighbourhood to 176.41 km . The Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation , Pune
4386-698: The Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case . They were tried for treason, the charge being that they had incited various regiments of the army against the ruler. Several leaders of the Jugantar party including Aurobindo Ghosh were arrested in connection with bomb-making activities in Kolkata . Several of the activists were deported to the Andaman Cellular Jail . The Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy , hatched in 1912, planned to assassinate
4515-716: The Indian Council of Medical Research established in October 1992 in Bhosari MIDC. Central Institute of Road Transport is also located in Bhosari MIDC. Indian independence movement The Indian Independence Movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British colonial rule . It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947
4644-655: The Indian rebellion of 1857 . His defiance to his British superiors and later his execution ignited the fire for 1857 Indian Rebellion . On 10 May 1857, the sepoys at Meerut broke ranks and turned on their commanding officers, killing some of them. They reached Delhi on 11 May, set the company's toll house on fire, and marched into the Red Fort, where they asked the Mughal emperor , Bahadur Shah II , to become their leader and reclaim his throne. The emperor eventually agreed and
4773-699: The Kingdom of Mysore on the one hand, and the British East India Company (represented chiefly by the Madras Presidency ), and Maratha Confederacy and the Nizam of Hyderabad on the other. Hyder Ali and his successor Tipu Sultan fought a war on four fronts with the British attacking from the west, south, and east, while the Marathas and the Nizam's forces attacked from the north. The fourth war resulted in
4902-456: The PMR . Currently its jurisdiction extends over 7,256.46 km (2,802 sq mi) and includes the municipal corporations of Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation, Pune and Pune Municipal Corporation , three cantonment boards , seven municipal councils , 13 census towns and 842 villages. The PCMC Police in Pune is the law enforcement agency for the neighbourhood of PCMC, Pune. It
5031-532: The central government , as well as private enterprises such as Vodafone , Bharti Airtel , Reliance , Idea Cellular , Aircel , Tata DoCoMo , Tata Teleservices , Virgin Mobile , and MTS India , are the leading telephone and cell phone service providers in the city. The air gateway is the Pune International Airport located at Lohegaon which is about 19 km (12 mi) east of
5160-835: The struggle for Indian independence . Ramkrushna More Prekshagruha in Chinchwad , Acharya Atre Rangmandir in Sant Tukaramnagar, Ankushrao Landage Natyagruha in Bhosari , Nilu Phule Rangmandir in Sangvi are the auditoria in the city. There is a fort in Punawale that was built by and named after the Peshwa Minister Sardar Borge. There is also a Vaishno Devi Temple in Pimpri. Pimpri market
5289-411: The 722 mm (28.43 in) of annual rainfall in the city falls between June and September, and July is the wettest month of the year. Hailstorms are not unheard of. For most of December and January the daytime temperature hovers around 26 °C (79 °F) while night temperatures are below 9 °C (48 °F), often dropping to 5 to 6 °C (41 to 43 °F). The lowest temperature recorded
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5418-420: The British Empire and the abandonment of all British goods. This movement gained traction and huge following of the masses in the western and eastern parts of India. The moderates , led by leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji and Gopal Krishna Gokhale , on the other hand, wanted reform within the framework of British rule. Tilak was backed by rising public leaders like Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai , who held
5547-408: The British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli proclaimed Queen Victoria the Empress of India . The British Liberals objected as the title was foreign to British traditions. The decades following the Rebellion were a period of growing political awareness, the manifestation of Indian public opinion and the emergence of Indian leadership at both national and provincial levels. Dadabhai Naoroji formed
5676-402: The British forces. Chinnamalai engaged in guerrilla warfare and defeated the British in battles at Cauvery in 1801, Odanilai in 1802 and Arachalur in 1804. In 1804 the King of Khordha , Kalinga was deprived of his traditional rights to the Jagannath Temple. In retaliation, a group of armed Paiks attacked the British at Pipili . Jayee Rajguru , the chief of Army of Kalinga requested
5805-466: The British, they aggressively set out to search for Birsa Munda, even setting up a reward for him. They brutally attacked the Dombari Hills where Birsa had repaired a water tank and made his revolutionary headquarters between 7–9 January 1900, murdering a minimum of 400 of the Munda warriors who had congregated there, akin to the attacks on the people at Jallianwallah Bagh , however, receiving much less attention. The hills are known as "Topped Buru" today –
5934-415: The Congress's early gains were slight. "Despite its claim to represent all India, the Congress voiced the interests of urban elites; the number of participants from other social and economic backgrounds remained negligible. However, this period of history is still crucial because it represented the first political mobilisation of Indians, coming from all parts of the subcontinent and the first articulation of
6063-447: The Empire. This trend was personified by Dadabhai Naoroji , who went as far as contesting, successfully, an election to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom , becoming its first Indian member. Dadabhai Naoroji was the first Indian nationalist to embrace Swaraj as the destiny of the nation. Bal Gangadhar Tilak deeply opposed a British education system that ignored and defamed India's culture, history, and values. He resented
6192-433: The Hindu-dominated Congress, as the voice of a "nation within a nation". The Ghadar Party was formed overseas in 1913 to fight for the Independence of India with members coming from the United States and Canada, as well as Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Members of the party aimed for Hindu, Sikh, and Muslim unity against the British. In colonial India, the All India Conference of Indian Christians (AICIC), which
6321-400: The Nawab feared Yusuf Khan would come back to life and so had his body dismembered and buried in different locations around Tamil Nadu. In Eastern India and across the country, Indigenous communities organised numerous uprising against the British and their fellow members, especially landlords and moneylenders. One of the earliest of these on record was led by Binsu Manki around 1771 over
6450-439: The Nizam's earlier handover of his estate to them on similar grounds. Narayan Deo II fought the British at Jelmur fort on 4 April 1768 and was defeated due to superior firepower of the British. He fled to the tribal hinterlands of his estate and continued his efforts against the British until his natural death on the Fifth of December 1771. Rani Velu Nachiyar (1730–1796), was a queen of Sivaganga from 1760 to 1790. Rani Nachiyar
6579-479: The Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Council, Pune. Two years later, the Pimpri Chinchwad New Town Development Authority, Pune was established. Its chief objective was to create a planned environment for the working population in the vicinity of their work place. On 11 October 1982, the Municipal Council was merged with seven surrounding villages and the PCNTDA area to form the a new Municipal Corporation ( Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation , Pune, and it split apart from
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#17327867392376708-455: The Scots–Irish Sister Nivedita , spread the passion for rejuvenation and freedom. The rediscovery of India's indigenous history by several European and Indian scholars also fed into the rise of nationalism among Indians. The triumvirate also is known as Lal Bal Pal ( Bal Gangadhar Tilak , Bipin Chandra Pal , Lala Lajpat Rai ), along with V. O. Chidambaram Pillai , Sri Aurobindo , Surendranath Banerjee , and Rabindranath Tagore were some of
6837-441: The Swadeshi movement changed the entire texture of Indian social and domestic life. The songs composed by Rabindranath Tagore, Rajanikanta Sen and Syed Abu Mohd became the moving spirit for the nationalists. The movement soon spread to the rest of the country and the partition of Bengal had to be firmly inhaled on the first of April 1912. By 1900, although the Congress had emerged as an all-India political organisation, it did not have
6966-430: The aim of attacking the British, whom she successfully challenged in 1780. When the inventories of the Britishers were discovered, she is said to have arranged a suicide attack by a faithful follower, Kuyili , dousing herself in oil and setting herself alight and walking into the storehouse. Rani formed a women's army named "Udaiyaal" in honour of her adopted daughter, who had died detonating a British arsenal. Rani Nachiyar
7095-400: The areas of PMC as well as in the suburban areas, the rivers in the PMR are among the most polluted rivers in the state . The state owned Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited supplies electricity to the city. The power comes from thermal, hydro, gas and renewable sources such as solar, wind and sugarcane bagasse. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), owned by
7224-452: The beginning of industrial development in the Chinchwad , Bhosari , and Pimpri areas. MIDC provided the necessary infrastructure for new businesses to set up operations. The area within the city limits is widely considered as 'flat' given the altitude varying between 530 and 570 m above sea level . The city is situated approximately at 18° 37' north latitude and 73° 48' east longitude bordering limits of Pune Municipal Corporation on
7353-503: The boycott of British goods and the people of India pledged to use only swadeshi or Indian goods and to wear only Indian cloth. Imported garments were viewed with hate. At many places, public burnings of foreign cloth were organised. Shops selling foreign cloths were closed. The cotton textile industry is rightly described as the Swadeshi industry. The period witnessed the growth of swadeshi textile mills . Swadeshi factories came into existence everywhere. According to Surendranath Banerji,
7482-411: The city to double from 2001 to 2017. In the same period, the number of vehicles has increased of 700%. Like its neighbouring Pune, motorized two-wheelers dominate the streets. At the rate of 663 vehicles per 1000 residents, a total of 1.57 million vehicles are registered in the city in 2018, of which 1.17 million are two-wheelers . Public transportation in the city has not been able to keep up with
7611-430: The city to other parts of the country. Pune Suburban Railway , connecting PCMC, Pune to its historic core and its suburbs in Pune District , Maharashtra. It is operated by Central Railway (CR). The system operates on two routes, Pune Junction – Lonavala and its part Pune Junction – Talegaon . 18 trains operate on Pune Junction – Lonavala route and 5 trains operate on Pune Junction – Talegaon route. Pune Metro ,
7740-434: The city, is India's first 6- lane wide concrete, access-controlled tolled expressway. It spans a distance of 94.5 km connecting Mumbai , the capital of Maharashtra state and the financial capital of India , with Pune , the cultural and educational capital of Maharashtra. The expressway, which was fully operationalized in 2002, introduced new levels of speed and safety in automobile transportation to Indian roads. It
7869-414: The city. Chinchwad is noted for the shrine of Morya Gosavi , a prominent saint of the Ganapatya denomination of Hinduism that worships Lord Ganesha as the Supreme Being or its metaphysical concept of Brahman . Various sources place Moraya Gosavi between the 13th and 17th centuries CE. The inscription on the temple records that its construction began in 1658 CE. Chinchwad is the birthplace of
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#17327867392377998-407: The city. The Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park in Hinjawadi is a ₹60,000 crore (US$ 8.9 billion) project by the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC). The IT Park encompasses an area of about 2,800 acres (11 km ) and is home to over 800 IT companies of all sizes. On 4 March 1970, the villages of Pimpri , Chinchwad , Bhosari and Akurdi merged into a single municipal authority,
8127-416: The company's army and cantonments had increasingly come into conflict with the religious beliefs and prejudices of the sepoys . The predominance of members from the upper castes in the army, perceived loss of caste due to overseas deployment, and rumours of secret designs of the government to convert them to Christianity led to growing discontent. The sepoys were also disillusioned by their low salaries and
8256-659: The demand and is infamous for its unreliability leading to a constant upward trend in the number of vehicles. Unsurprisingly, the whopping number of vehicles has led to several problems including air pollution, noise pollution and traffic congestion. Like most Indian cities, a number of festival are celebrated across all communities in the city including Ganeshotsav , Navaratri , Dussehra , Janmashtami , Dahi Handi and Onam Holi , Diwali , Eid al-fitr , Eid al-Adha , Christmas , Buddha Purnima , Cheti Chand , Chalio , and several others. The birth anniversary celebrations of historical figures like Chhatrapati Shivaji ,
8385-471: The denial of freedom of expression for nationalists, and the lack of any voice or role for ordinary Indians in the affairs of their nation. For these reasons, he considered Swaraj as the natural and only solution. His popular sentence "Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it" became the source of inspiration for Indians. In 1907, Congress was split into two factions: The radicals , led by Tilak , advocated civil agitation and direct revolution to overthrow
8514-547: The direction of Mahatma Gandhi , who saw alcohol as a foreign importation to the culture of the subcontinent. In July 1905, Lord Curzon , the Viceroy and Governor-General (1899–1905), ordered the partition of the province of Bengal . The stated aim was to improve administration. However, this was seen as an attempt to quench nationalistic sentiment through divide and rule . The Bengali Hindu intelligentsia exerted considerable influence on local and national politics. The partition outraged Bengalis. Widespread agitation ensued in
8643-410: The emancipation of Indian women and their participation in the freedom struggle. Few leaders followed a more violent approach, which became especially popular after the Rowlatt Act , which permitted indefinite detention . The Act sparked protests across India, especially in the Punjab Province , where they were violently suppressed in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre . The Indian independence movement
8772-473: The entire city. As of 2018, Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation Administration provided around 450 million liters per day (MLD) of water to the city. This led to the generation of around 290 MLD of sewage, of which the civic body had capacity to treat only 240 MLD at its 13 sewage treatment plants, a problem that has persisted for years. The untreated water is let into the rivers which lead to several health and environmental problems. Similar problems in
8901-450: The exhibits in the science centre and science park are interactive in nature and visitors can explore science in an entertaining way. There are ten public swimming pools run by Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation . Chapekar wada in Chinchwadgaon, the residence of the revolutionary Chapekar brothers has been restored and is now a memorial cum museum dedicated to their life and displays swords and weapons used by freedom fighters during
9030-459: The festival is not organized during Ganeshotsav but at another time of the year. Pavanāthaḍi Jatrā ( Marathi : पवनाथडी जत्रा) is an annual event organized by the Women and Child Welfare Committee of the PCMC. It is a three to five day long exhibition cum sale of goods produced by women's self-help groups in the city and features over 300 stalls. The city also participates in the Pune International Film Festival with screening of several films at
9159-473: The fort by British soldiers, Titumir died of his wounds on 19 November 1831. These rebellions lead to larger regional movements in Jharkhand and beyond such as the Kol Insurrection led by Singhray and Binray Manki, where the Kol ( Munda , Oraon , Bhumij and Ho communities) united to rebel against the "outsiders" from 1830 -1833. The Santhal Hul was a movement of over 60,000 Santhals that happened from 1855 to 1857 (but started as early as 1784) and
9288-400: The founder of the Maratha Empire , and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar , the principal architect of Indian Constitution , among others are also celebrated with great pomp and show. The national holidays of Republic Day and Independence Day are also celebrated. Individual towns also organize annual village fairs which are dedicated to the local deity. The Bhairavnath fair in Bhosari is perhaps
9417-424: The highway were merged to form Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation . The earliest villages which were absorbed were Pimpri , Chinchwad , Dapodi , Bhosari etc. The city experiences three seasons: summer, monsoon and winter. Typical summer months are February to May with maximum temperatures above 35 °C and reaching up to 42 °C on hotter days. The city receives most of its 722 mm of rainfall in
9546-606: The home stadium for the Maharashtra cricket team including headquarters for the Maharashtra Cricket Association . PCMC Hockey Stadium also known as The Major Dhyanachand Stadium is a field hockey stadium in the city of Pune, India . It has a seating capacity of 5,000 people. It serves as the home ground of the hockey franchisee based in Pune Strykers , for World Series Hockey . It
9675-722: The idea of India as one nation, rather than a collection of independent princely states. Religious groups played a role in reforming Indian society. These were of several religions from Hindu groups such as the Arya Samaj , the Brahmo Samaj , to other religions, such as the Namdhari (or Kuka ) sect of Sikhism . The work of men like Swami Vivekananda , Ramakrishna , Sri Aurobindo , V. O. Chidambaram Pillai , Subramanya Bharathy , Bankim Chandra Chatterjee , Rabindranath Tagore and Dadabhai Naoroji , as well as women such as
9804-575: The independence struggle in the 1920s were characterised by the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and Congress's adoption of Gandhi's policy of non-violence and civil disobedience . Some of the leading followers of Gandhi's ideology were Jawaharlal Nehru , Vallabhbhai Patel , Abdul Ghaffar Khan , Maulana Azad , and others. Intellectuals such as Rabindranath Tagore , Subramania Bharati , and Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay spread patriotic awareness. Female leaders like Sarojini Naidu , Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit , Pritilata Waddedar , and Kasturba Gandhi promoted
9933-699: The leadership Bundu and Konta. The Ho Rebellion took place when the Ho community first came in contact with the British, from 1820 to 1821 near Chaibasa on the Roro River in West Singhbhum , but were defeated by the technologically enhanced colonial cavalry. A larger Bhumij Revolt occurred near Midnapur in Bengal, under the leadership of Ganga Narain Singh who had previously also been involved in co-leading
10062-550: The leadership of Birsa Munda . Birsa Munda belonged to the Munda community and lead thousands of people from Munda, Oraon , and Kharia communities in "Ulgulaan" (revolt) against British political expansion and those who advanced it, against forceful conversions of Indigenous peoples into Christianity (even creating a Birsaite movement), and against the displacement of Indigenous peoples from their lands. To subdue these rising tensions which were getting increasingly out of control of
10191-490: The legitimacy of British rule in India in publications such as Jugantar and Sandhya , and were charged with sedition. The Partition also precipitated increasing activity from the then still Nascent militant nationalist revolutionary movement , which was particularly gaining strength in Bengal and Maharashtra from the last decade of the 1800s. In Bengal, Anushilan Samiti , led by brothers Aurobindo and Barin Ghosh organised
10320-621: The limited expansion options available, the airport will not be able to cope with the growing demand for air traffic into Pune. Hence, a greenfield airport for the Pune metropolitan region has been proposed. The Government of Maharashtra has entrusted the responsibility to Maharashtra Airport Development Company (MADC) for executing the Pune International Airport project. Probable sites for this project had earlier included areas around Talegaon Dabhade and Saswad near Pune. An area between Chakan and Rajgurunagar , around
10449-570: The mayor and the deputy mayor. In the Municipal Elections held in February 2017, 128 corporators were elected to represent the 32 electoral wards (4 corporators per ward). While the position of the mayor is mostly ceremonial, the chief executive of the city is the Municipal Commissioner , appointed by the state government . The JNNURM award for Best Performing neighbourhood, under Sub-Mission for Urban Infrastructure and Governance,
10578-659: The monsoon months of June to September. The temperature in the winter months of October to January ranges from 12 °C (min) to 30 °C (max), with night temperatures often falling below 10 °C. Pimpri-Chinchwad has a tropical wet and dry (type Aw) climate, with the characteristics of a hot semi-arid climate (type BSh) climate with average temperatures ranging between 20 and 28 °C (68 and 82 °F). Typical summer months are from mid-March to mid-June, with maximum temperatures sometimes reaching 42 °C (108 °F). The warmest month in Pimpri-Chinchwad
10707-573: The mound of the dead. Birsa was ultimately captured in the Jamkopai forest in Singhbhum , and assassinated by the British in jail in 1900, with a rushed cremation/burial conducted to ensure his movement was subdued. The toughest resistance the Company experienced was offered by Mysore. The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of wars fought in over the last three decades of the 18th century between
10836-523: The national average of 74.04%. The main language spoken in the city is Marathi . There is a significant Sindhi population in Pimpri , which dates to the partition of India in 1947. The neighbourhood has considerable Hindi , Malayalam , Punjabi , Gujarati , Tamil , Kannada , Telugu speaking population. Hinduism is the dominant religion in the city. Other religions with a significant presence include Islam , Christianity , Sikhism , Buddhism and Jainism . The samadhi (resting) places of
10965-622: The neighborhood. It is operated by the Airports Authority of India . In addition to domestic flights to all major Indian cities, the airport serves international direct flights to Dubai (operated by Air India Express ) and to Frankfurt (operated by Lufthansa ). As of 2021, it is the 2nd busiest airport in the state and 13th busiest airport in India. The airport is awarded as best airport by hygiene measures in Asia-Pacific in 2020 by Airports Council International . Due to
11094-490: The north and northwest. The historic centre is 15 km from each end. Three rivers Pavana , Mula and Indrayani flow through this area. The rivers originates from the Western Ghats . The base rock found throughout the city is Deccan trap basalt . Building stone is the only commercially important mineral found in the area. In 1970s, due to increased industrialisation on Mumbai–Pune Highway, many villages around
11223-485: The overthrow of the house of Hyder Ali and Tipu (who was killed in the final war, in 1799), and the dismantlement of Mysore to the benefit of the East India Company, which won and took control of much of India. Pazhassi Raja was the prince regent of the princely state of Cotiote in North Malabar, near Kannur , India between 1774 and 1805. He fought a guerrilla war with tribal people from Wynad supporting him. He
11352-612: The people. A Muslim deputation met with the Viceroy, Minto (1905–10), seeking concessions from the impending constitutional reforms, including special considerations in government service and electorates. The British recognised some of the Muslim League 's petitions by increasing the number of elective offices reserved for Muslims in the Indian Councils Act 1909 . The Muslim League insisted on its separateness from
11481-484: The prominent leaders of movements in the early 20th century. The Swadeshi movement was the most successful. The name of Lokmanya began spreading around and people started following him in all parts of the country. The Indian textile industry also played an important role in the freedom struggle of India. The merchandise of the textile industry pioneered the Industrial Revolution in India and soon England
11610-466: The racial discrimination practised by British officers in matters of promotion and privileges. The indifference of the British towards native Indian rulers and the annexation of Oudh furthered dissent. The Marquess of Dalhousie 's policy of annexation, the doctrine of lapse and the projected removal of the Mughals from their ancestral palace at Red Fort also led to popular anger. The final spark
11739-471: The rebels, coupled with the military superiority of the British, brought an end to the rebellion. The British fought the main army of the rebels near Delhi, and after prolonged fighting and a siege, defeated them and reclaimed the city on 20 September 1857. Subsequently, revolts in other centres were also crushed. The last significant battle was fought in Gwalior on 17 June 1858, during which Rani Lakshmibai
11868-481: The resources essential to a political organisation. Instead, it functioned more as a debating society that met annually to express its loyalty to the British and passed numerous resolutions on less controversial issues such as civil rights or opportunities in government (especially in the civil service). These resolutions were submitted to the Indian government and occasionally to the British Parliament, but
11997-399: The rights of native princes. The British stopped the policy of seizing land from the princes, decreed religious tolerance and began to admit Indians into the civil service. However, they also increased the number of British soldiers in relation to native Indian ones, and allowed only British soldiers to handle artillery. Bahadur Shah II was exiled to Rangoon where he died in 1862. In 1876
12126-540: The same point of view. Under them, India's three great states – Maharashtra , Bengal and Punjab shaped the demand of the people and India's nationalism. Gokhale criticised Tilak for encouraging acts of violence and armed resistance. But the Congress of 1906 did not have public membership, and thus Tilak and his supporters were forced to leave the party. But with Tilak's arrest, all hopes for an Indian offensive were stalled. The Indian National Congress lost credibility with
12255-774: The streets and in the press, and the Congress advocated boycotting British products under the banner of swadeshi , or indigenous industries. A growing movement emerged, focussing on indigenous Indian industries, finance, and education, which saw the founding of National Council of Education , the birth of Indian financial institutions and banks, as well as an interest in Indian culture and achievements in science and literature. Hindus showed unity by tying Rakhi on each other's wrists and observing Arandhan (not cooking any food). During this time, Bengali Hindu nationalists like Sri Aurobindo , Bhupendranath Datta , and Bipin Chandra Pal began writing virulent newspaper articles challenging
12384-660: The support of most Indian Muslims. Attacks by Hindu reformers against religious conversion, cow slaughter, and the preservation of Urdu in Arabic script deepened their concerns of minority status and denial of rights if the Congress alone were to represent the people of India. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan launched a movement for Muslim regeneration that culminated in the founding in 1875 of the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh (renamed Aligarh Muslim University in 1920). Its objective
12513-650: The then Viceroy of India , Lord Hardinge , on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Involving revolutionary underground in Bengal and headed by Rash Behari Bose along with Sachin Sanyal , the conspiracy culminated on the attempted assassination on 23 December 1912, when the ceremonial procession moved through the Chandni Chowk suburb of Delhi . The Viceroy escaped with his injuries, along with Lady Hardinge, although
12642-841: The transfer of Jharkhand to the East India Company . The Rangpur Dhing took place from 1782 to 1783 in nearby Rangpur, Bengal . Following the Binsu Manki's revolt in Jharkhand, numerous uprising across the region took place including the Bhumij Revolt of Manbhum from 1798 to 1799; the Chero Uprising of Palamu in 1800 under the leadership of Bhukan Singh, and two uprising of the Munda community in Tamar region, during 1807 led by Dukan Mank, and 1819–20 under
12771-411: The two BRT corridors, Sangvi -Kiwale and Nashik Phata- Wakad , have seen a rise in ridership after they became operation in 2015. The Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation operates buses from its main station at Vallabh Nagar, Pimpri to all major cities and towns in Maharashtra as well as in the neighbouring states. Private companies also run bus services throughout India. Pimpri Chinchwad
12900-707: The two central boards of education, the CBSE or CISCE . According to the 2011 Census , the city has 75 colleges (undergraduate and above), three medical colleges and 3 engineering colleges. Most colleges in PCMC, Pune are affiliated to the Savitribai Phule Pune University . The College of Military Engineering is located in the Dapodi area. The city is also home to the National AIDS Research Institute (NARI) of
13029-476: The two most revered Marathi Bhakti saints , Dnyaneshwar and Tukaram , are at Alandi and Dehu respectively. The Khandoba Mandir in Akurdi is one the family deity for most Marathi Hindus. The Peshwa era rulers provided endowments to more Maruti temples than to temples of other deities such as Shiva, Ganesh or Vitthal. Even in the present time, there are more Maruti temples than those of other deities. Pune
13158-927: The villages of Chandus and Shiroli was under consideration. However, due to land acquisition issues, a new site has been proposed. The greenfield airport will be located near the villages of Ambodi, Sonori, Kumbharvalan, Ekhatpur-Munjawadi, Khanwadi, Pargaon Memane, Rajewadi, Aamble, Tekwadi, Vanpuri, Udachiwadi, Singapur near Saswad and Jejuri in Purandar taluka of Pune District in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The proposed airport in Purandar will be spread over 2,400 hectares. This airport will also boost trade from Pune and neighbouring districts as it will have its own dedicated cargo terminal. Public transport modes in PCMC limits include Suburban Railway , bus and Rainbow BRTS services operated by PMPML and auto rickshaws . Pune Metro , an urban mass rapid transit system
13287-580: The well-known village fair for its controversial bullock cart race. The PCMC festival is an annual cultural event held in the city. It was started by the Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation, Pune in 1996 under the name 'Ganesh Festival' as it used to be organized on the occasion of Ganeshotsav . Since 2004, the PCMC stopped organizing the festival and it was kept alive by the PCMC Social Club. Since 2014,
13416-644: The world by population . The city is located 135 km (84 mi) southeast from the state's capital Mumbai . It is one of the most rapidly developing suburban areas in India and has emerged as the third fastest growing city in the country. It is well known for its automotive , IT and manufacturing industry. The first reference to Pune region is found in two copper plates dated to 758 and 768 AD, issued by Rashtrakuta ruler Krishna I . The plates are called "Puny Vishaya " and "Punaka Vishaya" respectively. The plates mention areas around Pune such as Theur , Uruli , Khed, Dapodi , and also Bhosari , now part of
13545-483: Was 1.7 °C (35 °F) on 17 January 1935. As of the 2011 Census of India , the Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation area had a population of 1,729,692. The sex ratio was 833 females per 1000 males. About 13% of the population was under seven years of age with a sex ratio of 875 females per 1000 males. Around 8% of the city's population lives in slums. Pimpri-Chinchwad has an average literacy rate of 89.22% (92.41% males; 85.37% females), higher than
13674-421: Was a Kongu Nadu chieftain and Palayakkarar from Tamil Nadu who fought against the East India Company. After Kattabomman and Tipu Sultan's deaths, Chinnamalai sought the help of Marathas and Maruthu Pandiyar to attack the British at Coimbatore in 1800. The British forces managed to stop the armies of the allies, forcing Chinnamalai to attack Coimbatore on his own. His army was defeated and he escaped from
13803-555: Was approved by the State and Central governments in January and March 2018, respectively. The 23.3-km line is being implemented by PMRDA on a public-private partnership basis and will have a station at Wakad in PCMC limits. Another metro route connecting Hinjawadi to Moshi via Nashik Phata, Bhosari is also being contemplated. Rapid urbanization has led to the population of
13932-652: Was approved by the State government in 2012 and by the Central government in December 2016. Out of the two lines, Line 1 will run through PCMC limits from PCMC Bhavan to Dapodi and further to Swargate in Pune, India . A detailed project report is being prepared for the extension of the line up to Nigdi . The project is being implemented by MahaMetro , a 50:50 joint venture of the State and Central governments. Line 3 from Hinjawadi to Civil Court, Shivajinagar
14061-489: Was built in 1993, was the first polygrass stadium of the district. Women's hockey matches of National Games which was held here in 1993. Annasaheb Magar PCMC Stadium is a multi purposed stadium owned and managed by the PCMC Administration . The ground was named after Indian National Congress leader Annasaheb Magar who was Member of Parliament from 1977 to 1980 from Khed CME rowing channel, Dapodi
14190-531: Was captured by the British and his fort was razed to the ground. In 1766 the Nizam of Hyderabad transferred the Northern Circars to the British authority. The independent king Jagannatha Gajapati Narayan Deo II of Paralakhemundi estate situated in today's Odisha and in the northernmost region of the then political division was continuously revolting against the French occupants since 1753 as per
14319-731: Was carved out of Pune City Police Department and took charge on 15 August 2018. It is a division of the Maharashtra Police and is headed by the Police Commissioner, an officer of the Indian Police Service . The Pavana dam located 35 km from PCMC, Pune is the sole source of water for the city. The water lifted at the Ravet bund is pumped to the Nigdi filtration plant from where it distributed to
14448-625: Was entrusted to administer the Madurai country when the Madurai Nayak rule ended. He later fought war against the British and the Arcot Nawab. A dispute arose with the British and Arcot Nawab, and three of Khan's associates were bribed to capture him. He was captured during his morning prayer (Thozhugai) and hanged on 15 October 1764 at Sammatipuram near Madurai. Local legends state that he survived two earlier attempts at hanging, and that
14577-551: Was executed this morning;... it is alleged that he mounted the scaffold with his body erect. He was cheerful and smiling. Jugantar was a paramilitary organisation. Led by Barindra Ghosh , with 21 revolutionaries, including Bagha Jatin , started to collect arms and explosives and manufactured bombs. Some senior members of the group were sent abroad for political and military training. One of them, Hemchandra Kanungo obtained his training in Paris. After returning to Kolkata he set up
14706-482: Was founded in 1914, played a role in the Indian independence movement, advocating for swaraj and opposing the partition of India . The AICIC also was opposed to separate electorates for Christians, believing that the faithful "should participate as common citizens in the one common, national political system". The All India Conference of Indian Christians and the All India Catholic Union formed
14835-402: Was given to PCMC, Pune in 2016. The "System of Assisting Residents and Tourist Through Helpline Information" (SARATHI), the grievance portal of the city, has gained national recognition and is a role model for other cities. Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority (PMRDA), which was on the cards since 1997, was formed on 31 March 2015 and is responsible for the integrated development of
14964-440: Was imported to India and sold at very high prices. This was draining India's economy, causing the textile industry of India to suffer greatly. This led to great resentment among cotton cultivators and traders. After Lord Curzon announced the partition of Bengal in 1905, there was massive opposition from the people of Bengal. Initially, the partition plan was opposed through press campaign. The total follower of such techniques led to
15093-411: Was in constant ideological evolution. Essentially anti-colonial , it was supplemented by visions of independent, economic development with a secular, democratic, republican, and civil-libertarian political structure. After the 1930s, the movement took on a strong socialist orientation. It culminated in the Indian Independence Act 1947 , which ended Crown suzerainty and partitioned British India into
15222-421: Was killed. Sporadic fighting and guerrilla warfare , led by Tatya Tope , continued until spring 1859, but most of the rebels were eventually subdued. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a turning point. While affirming the military and political power of the British, it led to a significant change in how India was to be controlled by them. Under the Government of India Act 1858 , the East India Company's territory
15351-500: Was one of the few rulers who regained her kingdom, and ruled it for a decade more. Veerapandiya Kattabomman was an eighteenth-century Polygar and chieftain from Panchalankurichi in Tamil Nadu , India who waged the Polygar war against the East India Company. He was captured by the British and hanged in 1799 CE. Kattabomman refused to accept the sovereignty of East India Company, and fought against them. Dheeran Chinnamalai
15480-425: Was opened in 2002, this road came to be known as Old Mumbai–Pune Road. It starts in the suburb of Shivajinagar (earlier Bhamburde) and passes through the suburbs of Khadki cantonment, Bopodi, Dapodi , Kasarwadi , Pimpri , Chinchwad , Nigdi , Dehu Road cantonment, Kivale , Mamurdi, Gahunje , Talegaon Dabhade , and Vadgaon Maval all the way up to Mumbai .The NH 60 originates at Nashik Phata at Kasarwadi
15609-565: Was particularly led by siblings – brothers Sidhu, Kanhu , Chand and Bhairav and their sisters Phulo and Jhano from the Murmu clan in its most fervent years that lead up to the Revolt of 1857 . More than 100 years of such escalating rebellions created grounds for a large, impactful, millenarian movement in Eastern India that again shook the foundations of British rule in the region, under
15738-552: Was passed. The first nationalistic movement for Indian independence emerged in the Province of Bengal . It later took root in the newly formed Indian National Congress with prominent moderate leaders seeking the right to appear for Indian Civil Service examinations in British India, as well as more economic rights for natives. The first half of the 20th century saw a more radical approach towards self-rule. The stages of
15867-655: Was proclaimed Shahenshah-e-Hindustan by the rebels. The rebels also murdered much of the European, Eurasian , and Christian population of the city, including natives who had converted to Christianity. Revolts broke out in other parts of Oudh and the North-Western Provinces as well, where civil rebellion followed the mutinies, leading to popular uprisings. The British were initially caught off-guard and were thus slow to react, but eventually responded with force. The lack of effective organisation among
15996-501: Was producing cotton cloth in such great quantities that the domestic market was saturated, and the products had to be sold in foreign markets. On the other hand, India was rich in cotton production and was in a position to supply British mills with the raw material they required. This was the time when India was under British rule and the East India Company had already established its roots in India. Raw materials were exported to England at very low rates while cotton cloth of refined quality
16125-402: Was provided by the rumoured use of tallow (from cows) and lard (pig fat) in the newly introduced Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle cartridges. Soldiers had to bite the cartridges with their teeth before loading them into their rifles, ingesting the fat. This was sacrilegious to both Hindus and Muslims. Mangal Pandey was sepoy who played a key part in the events immediately preceding the outbreak of
16254-420: Was the inspiration, political mentor and role model of Mahatma Gandhi and inspired several other freedom activists. Nationalistic sentiments among Congress members led to a push to be represented in the bodies of government, as well as to have a say in the legislation and administration of India. Congressmen saw themselves as loyalists, but wanted an active role in governing their own country, albeit as part of
16383-513: Was to educate students by emphasising the compatibility of Islam with modern western knowledge. The diversity among India's Muslims, however, made it impossible to bring about uniform cultural and intellectual regeneration. The Hindu faction of the Independence movement was led by Nationalist leader Lokmanya Tilak , who was regarded as the "father of Indian Unrest" by the British. Along with Tilak were leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale , who
16512-479: Was trained in war match weapons usage, martial arts like Valari, Silambam (fighting using stick), horse riding and archery. She was a scholar in many languages and she had proficiency with languages like French, English, and Urdu. When her husband, Muthuvaduganathaperiya Udaiyathevar, was killed in battle with British soldiers and the forces of the Nawab of Arcot , she was drawn into battle. She formed an army and sought an alliance with Gopala Nayaker and Hyder Ali with
16641-604: Was transferred to the British government. At the apex of the new system was a Cabinet minister , the Secretary of State for India , who was to be formally advised by a statutory council ; the Governor-General of India (Viceroy) was made responsible to him, while he in turn was responsible to the government. In a royal proclamation made to the people of India, Queen Victoria promised equal opportunity of public service under British law, and also pledged to respect
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