The Nik Collection is a suite of photo editing plugins intended for use with a host application, such as Adobe Lightroom , Affinity Photo or DxO PhotoLab .
50-636: Nik Sharpener and Nik Color Efex were developed by Nik Multimedia Inc. in the 1990s as digital photo filters that could be used in Photoshop or as standalone applications. Some years later, in 2003, Dfine 1.0 , a denoising application and plugin was added to the list of products on offer. The newly rebranded Nik Software company then added Viveza and Silver Efex to the offer in 2008, and subsequently bundled all of their award-winning photo editing plugin applications, Dfine 2.0, Viveza, Color Efex Pro 3.0, Silver Efex Pro and Sharpener Pro 3.0 together in
100-1149: A PSD file. These formats are required to use the file in publications or on the web. Adobe's discontinued program PageMaker required TIF format. Photoshop can also create and use files with the extension .PSB, which stands for "Photoshop Big" (also known as "large document format"). A PSB file extends the PSD file format, increasing the maximum height and width to 300,000 pixels and the size limit to around 4 exabytes . PSD and PSB formats are documented. Because of Photoshop's popularity, PSD files are widely used and supported to some extent by most competing software, including GIMP , Affinity Photo , and Clip Studio Paint . The .PSD file format can be exported to and from Adobe's other apps, such as Adobe Illustrator , Adobe Premiere Pro , and After Effects . Photoshop functionality can be extended by add-on programs called Photoshop plugins (or plug-ins). Adobe creates some, such as Adobe Camera Raw, but most are developed by third-parties. Some are free and some are commercial software. Most plugins work with only Photoshop or Photoshop-compatible hosts, but
150-1139: A dialog box similar to that of Channel Mixer. There is more control over print options and better management with Adobe Bridge . The Clone Source palette is introduced, adding more options to the clone stamp tool. Other features include the nondestructive Smart Filters, optimizing graphics for mobile devices, Fill Light and Dust Busting tools. Compositing is assisted with Photoshop's new Quick Selection and Refine Edge tools and improved image stitching technology. CS3 Extended includes everything in CS3 and additional features. There are tools for 3D graphic file formats, video enhancement and animation, and comprehensive image measurement and analysis tools with DICOM file support. The 3D graphic formats allow 3D content to be incorporated into 2D compositions. As for video editing, CS3 supports layers and video formatting so users can edit video files per frame. CS4 and CS4 Extended were released on October 15, 2008. They were also made available through Adobe's online store and Adobe Authorized Resellers. Both CS4 and CS4 Extended are offered as either
200-618: A few can also be run as standalone applications. There are various types of plugins, such as filter, export, import, selection, color correction, and automation. The most popular plugins are the filter plugins (also known as a 8bf plugins), available under the Filter menu in Photoshop. Filter plugins can either modify the current image or create content. Below are some popular types of plugins, and some well-known companies associated with them: Adobe Camera Raw (also known as ACR and Camera Raw)
250-612: A filter. Upgraded selection tools include polygon and elliptical U Points as well as a new luminosity masking option. Direct plugin-to-plugin switching and the ability export directly from each plugin complete the workflow improvements. Photoshop plug-in Photoshop plugins (or plug-ins ) are add-on programs aimed at providing additional image effects or performing tasks that are impossible or hard to fulfill using Adobe Photoshop alone. Plugins can be opened from within Photoshop and several other image editing programs (compatible with
300-481: A full version of Photoshop for the iPad , and while initially limited, Adobe plans to bring more features to Photoshop for iPad. Collectively, they are branded as "The Adobe Photoshop Family". Photoshop was developed in 1987 by two brothers, Thomas and John Knoll , who sold the distribution license to Adobe Systems Incorporated in 1988. Thomas Knoll, a Ph.D. student at the University of Michigan , began writing
350-552: A host program to function. In June 2020, version 3 was released with an eighth plug-in called Perspective Efex. Very similar to DxO ViewPoint , and often offering features common to the host program, it can correct anamorphosis and other geometric issues as well as offer a "miniature" effect. Nik Collection 3 won the category for Best Photo Software at the EISA awards some months after its release. Version 4 came out in August 2021 with
400-441: A new UI for Color Efex and Analog Efex, a floating selection palette for Lightroom and Photoshop, ClearView dehazing and grain effects for Color Efex, and U Point preset, luminance, and chrominance controls for Analog and Color Efex. Version 6.0, launched on the 16 May 2023, notable for the introduction of U Point Control Lines, was followed four months later by 6.3, the first release to be entirely authored by DxO since they acquired
450-481: A new UI for Viveza and Silver Efex. The 'U Point' selection engine features precision color selection using chrominance and luminance sliders for adjustment by hue, saturation or brightness. Other new features include a pack of 25 presets and 6 meta presets for use across the suite, as well as DxO's dehazing algorithm, ClearView, and film grain emulations both for Color Efex and Silver Efex. Launched in June 2022, featuring
500-416: A program on his Macintosh Plus to display grayscale images on a monochrome display. This program (at that time called Display ) caught the attention of his brother John, an Industrial Light & Magic employee, who recommended that Thomas turn it into a full-fledged image editing program. Thomas took a six-month break from his studies in 1988 to collaborate with his brother on the program. Thomas renamed
550-420: A service subscription model. Historically, Photoshop was bundled with additional software such as Adobe ImageReady , Adobe Fireworks , Adobe Bridge , Adobe Device Central and Adobe Camera RAW. Alongside Photoshop, Adobe also develops and publishes Photoshop Elements, Photoshop Lightroom , Photoshop Express, Photoshop Fix, Adobe Illustrator , and Photoshop Mix. As of November 2019, Adobe has also released
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#1732793622351600-560: A shape by choosing on-demand presets or by dragging control points. The File Browser was upgraded to Adobe Bridge, which functioned as a hub for productivity, imagery and creativity, providing multi-view file browsing and smooth cross-product integration across Adobe Creative Suite 2 software. Adobe Bridge also provided access to Adobe Stock Photos , a new stock photography service that offered users one-stop shopping across five elite stock image providers to deliver high-quality, royalty-free images for layout and design. Camera Raw version 3.0
650-754: A single Collection. The Complete Collection Ultimate Edition sold for $ 599.95 USD and the Complete Collection for Lightroom and Aperture for $ 299.95 USD. HDR EFex was added to the collection in 2010. After acquisition, Google relaunched the collection of six applications, with the new Analog Efex, in 2013 as the Google Nik Collection and reduced its price to $ 150 and then, in 2016, made it completely free to use. In 2017 Google sold the, now seven-application, collection to DxO Labs for an undisclosed amount. DxO Labs have since added an eighth application: Perspective Efex. In 2023 it
700-422: A stand-alone application or feature of Adobe Creative Suite. Both products are compatible with Intel-based Mac OS X and PowerPCs , supporting Windows XP and Windows Vista . CS4 features smoother panning and zooming, allowing faster image editing at a high magnification. The interface is more simplified with its tab-based interface making it cleaner to work with. Photoshop CS4 features a new 3D engine allowing
750-500: A stand-alone application or feature of Adobe Creative Suite. Both products are compatible with Intel-based Macs and PowerPCs , supporting Windows XP and Windows Vista . CS3 is the first release of Photoshop that will run natively on Macs with Intel processors: previous versions can only run through the translation layer Rosetta , and will not run at all on Macs running Mac OS X 10.7 or later. CS3 improves on features from previous versions of Photoshop and introduces new tools. One of
800-585: A wider mass market audience as Microsoft 's global reach expanded within the next few years. On March 31, 1995, Adobe purchased the rights for Photoshop from Thomas and John Knoll for $ 34.5 million so Adobe would no longer need to pay a royalty for each copy sold. Photoshop files have default file extension as . PSD , which stands for " P hoto s hop D ocument". A PSD file stores an image with support for all features of Photoshop; these include layers with masks , transparency , text, alpha channels and spot colors , clipping paths , and duotone settings. This
850-770: Is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe for Windows and macOS . It was created in 1987 by Thomas and John Knoll . It is the most used tool for professional digital art , especially in raster graphics editing, and its name has become genericised as a verb (e.g. "to photoshop an image", " photoshopping ", and " photoshop contest ") although Adobe disapproves of such use. Photoshop can edit and compose raster images in multiple layers and supports masks , alpha compositing and several color models . Photoshop uses its own PSD and PSB file formats to support these features. In addition to raster graphics, Photoshop has limited abilities to edit or render text and vector graphics (especially through clipping path for
900-556: Is a special plugin, supplied free by Adobe, used primarily to read and process raw image files so that the resulting images can be processed by Photoshop. It can also be used from within Adobe Bridge . Photoshop and derivatives such as Photoshopped (or just Shopped ) have become verbs that are sometimes used to refer to images edited by Photoshop, or any image manipulation program. The same happens not only in English but as
950-409: Is in contrast to many other file formats (e.g., .JPG or .GIF) that restrict content to provide streamlined, predictable functionality. A PSD file has a maximum height and width of 30,000 pixels, and a size limit of two gigabytes. From the beginning, Photoshop could save files in other formats, including TIF, JPEG, and GIF. These files are smaller than PSD files because they lack the editable features of
1000-723: Is more consistent (few old plugins have remained viable from the 2000s, as operating systems and have changed in the interim), and the feature remains popular and in demand by users of graphic-editing software. Some commercial and free projects have also created their own plugin formats, and the general concept (also common among digital audio workstations ) has spread to other visual editing applications, including video compositors , 3D modeling suites, and CAD applications. Plugins distributed under various licensing models, including "try before buy" commercial software, shareware , limited freemium versions, and "free for personal use" freeware . Adobe Photoshop Adobe Photoshop
1050-545: The Portuguese Misplaced Pages entry for image manipulation attests, even in that language, with the trademark being followed by the Portuguese verb termination -ar, yielding the word "photoshopar" (to photoshop). Such derivatives are discouraged by Adobe because, in order to maintain validity and protect the trademark from becoming generic , trademarks must be used as proper nouns . Photoshop's naming scheme
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#17327936223511100-935: The source code of the 1990 1.0.1 version of Photoshop to the Computer History Museum . Version 0.63 (October 1988) was the first known copy of Photoshop, though it was never publicly released. Version 0.87 (March 1989) was the first publicly available version of Photoshop, distributed commercially under the name " Barneyscan XP". Notable milestone features would be: Filters, Colour Separation, Virtual Memory (1.0), Paths, CMYK color (2.0), 16-bits-per-channel support, availability on Microsoft Windows (2.5), Layers, tabbed Palettes (3.0), Adjustments, Actions, Freeform Transform, PNG support (4.0), Editable Type, Magnetic Lasso and Pen, Freeform Pen, Multiple Undo, Layer Effects (5.0), Save For Web (5.5), Vector Shapes, revised User Interface (6.0), Vector Text, Healing Brush, Spell Check (7.0), Camera RAW (7.0.1). Photoshop 1.0
1150-673: The Histogram Palette which monitors changes in the image as they are made to the document. Match Color was also introduced in CS, which reads color data to achieve a uniform expression throughout a series of pictures. Photoshop CS2, released in May 2005, expanded on its predecessor with a new set of tools and features. It included an upgraded Spot Healing Brush, which is mainly used for handling common photographic problems such as blemishes, red-eye, noise, blurring and lens distortion. One of
1200-405: The Photoshop format. Many non-Adobe commercial graphics applications also support Photoshop-compatible plugins – Paint Shop Pro , PhotoImpact , and Corel PhotoPaint are some of the better-known ones. There are several dozen more plugin hosts, including lesser-known products like Chasys Draw IES , the free-software image editor GIMP , and viewers like IrfanView . However,
1250-518: The SDK and made the developer license more expensive. Developers of other image applications had limited or no access to it any longer, and in many cases either did not support newer plugin features or simply did not implement Photoshop plugin support at all. Plugin developers faced a dilemma: either support the new features that appeared in Photoshop 7 and later versions, like access to layers, but lose compatibility with various other image applications; or use
1300-666: The ability to create their own custom presets, which was meant to save time and increase productivity. In January 2013, Photoshop CS2 was released with a published serial number due to a technical glitch in Adobe's CS2 activation servers ( see Creative Suite 1 and 2 ). CS3 and CS3 Extended were released in April 2007 to the United States and Canada. They were also made available through Adobe's online store and Adobe Authorized Resellers. Both CS3 and CS3 Extended are offered as either
1350-763: The appropriate Adobe specifications) and act like mini editors that modify the image. Photoshop-compatible plugins fall into several types, distinguishable in Microsoft Windows (and historically in Mac OS 9 and earlier) by their filename extensions. The most common are filters ( .8bf ), which apply changes to images. Import or acquisition ( .8ba ) and export ( .8be ) plugins acquire or write image data from or to certain devices, while file format ( .8bi ) plugins open and save less common image formats (not natively supported by Photoshop). Automation ( .8li or .8ly ) plugins repeat or streamline certain tasks, in
1400-420: The apps in the initial collection were developed by Nik Software over a number of years it was Google who launched the first Nik Collection product in 2013. It comprised Color Efex Pro 4, HDR Efex Pro 2, Silver Efex Pro 2, Dfine 2, Viveza 2, and Sharpener Pro 3. On 4 June 2019, almost 2 years after its acquisition by DxO Labs a second version was released that worked in standalone mode, no longer requiring
1450-541: The code from Google, with the same UI applied to all plugins. Compatible with Apple Silicon, this version handles HiDPI monitors and multiscreening as well as automatically detecting Affinity Photo during installation. Released on the 6 May 2024, the first major release entirely coded by DxO, features only seven plugins following the removal of Perspective Efex. However, new features in Nik Color Efex include HSL filtering, dynamic filters, and access to Viveza as
1500-530: The conversion of gradient maps to 3D objects, adding depth to layers and text, and getting print-quality output with the new ray-tracing rendering engine. It supports common 3D formats; the new Adjustment and Mask panels; content-aware scaling ( seam carving ); fluid canvas rotation and File display options. The content-aware scaling allows users to intelligently size and scale images, and the canvas rotation tool makes it easier to rotate and edit images from any angle. Adobe released Photoshop CS4 Extended, which has
1550-491: The features of Adobe Photoshop CS4, plus capabilities for scientific imaging, 3D, motion graphics, accurate image analysis and high-end film and video users. The faster 3D engine allows users to paint directly on 3D models, wrap 2D images around 3D shapes and animate 3D objects. As the successor to Photoshop CS3, Photoshop CS4 is the first x64 edition of Photoshop on consumer computers for Windows. The color correction tool has also been improved significantly. Photoshop CS5
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1600-463: The idea that 'you', the photographer, simply point at what to adjust in the photo. U-Point algorithms enable selections based on each pixel’s attributes, such as hue, saturation, brightness, and contrast. So, users do not create traditional masks in Nik Collection; instead, using Control Points or Control Lines, they construct sophisticated selections based on pixel attributes. Although all of
1650-517: The industry standard in digital color editing. When Photoshop 1.0 was released, digital retouching on dedicated high-end systems (such as the Scitex ) cost around $ 300 an hour for basic photo retouching. The list price of Photoshop 1.0 for Macintosh in 1990 was $ 895. Photoshop was initially only available on Macintosh. In 1993, Adobe chief architect Seetharaman Narayanan ported Photoshop to Microsoft Windows . The Windows port led to Photoshop reaching
1700-454: The latter), as well as 3D graphics and video . Its feature set can be expanded by plug-ins ; programs developed and distributed independently of Photoshop that run inside it and offer new or enhanced features. Photoshop's naming scheme was initially based on version numbers . However, in October 2002 (following the introduction of Creative Suite branding), each new version of Photoshop
1750-608: The license to distribute in September 1988. While John worked on plug-ins in California, Thomas remained in Ann Arbor writing code. Photoshop 1.0 was released on February 19, 1990, for Macintosh exclusively. The Barneyscan version included advanced color editing features that were stripped from the first Adobe shipped version. The handling of color slowly improved with each release from Adobe and Photoshop quickly became
1800-653: The majority of non-Adobe hosts support filter plugins only, and many of them do not even support all available filter plugins. More Microsoft Windows hosts support the plugins, though an increasing number of Mac applications support the Mac Photoshop plugin packages. Third-party support for plugins was fairly broad and rapid after the release of the Photoshop SDK and API containing the specifications for Photoshop plugins. Non-Adobe implementation contracted and fragmented in 2002, when Adobe restricted access to
1850-428: The manner of Photoshop actions. ( macros ). There are several other types of Photoshop plugin (see table below) . In modern macOS (from Mac OS X 10.0 Cheetah, onward), all Photoshop plugins are distributed as package folders with an extension of .plugin (or .lrplugin if they are intended for Adobe Lightroom only); the package's Info.plist file includes a CFBundlePackageType code that distinguishes
1900-466: The most significant inclusions in CS2 was the implementation of Smart Objects, which allows users to scale and transform images and vector illustrations without losing image quality, as well as create linked duplicates of embedded graphics so that a single edit updates across multiple iterations. Adobe responded to feedback from the professional media industry by implementing non-destructive editing as well as
1950-585: The most significant is the streamlined interface which allows increased performance, speed, and efficiency. There is also improved support for Camera RAW files which allow users to process images with higher speed and conversion quality. CS3 supports over 150 RAW formats as well as JPEG , TIFF and PDF . Enhancements were made to the Black and White Conversion, Brightness and Contrast Adjustment and Vanishing Point Module tools. The Black and White adjustment option improves control over manual grayscale conversions with
2000-499: The old SDK version which already included many of the important specifications and make sure their plugins would be supported by all hosts, but at the cost of a smaller feature set. Around 2005, Adobe changed the policy again, so that developers could make a request for the SDK via a Web-based form, with no fees, and with all requests handled individually. It is unclear what criteria have been applied, though third-party implementation of support for Photoshop plugins has increased again,
2050-729: The plugin types, using the same upper-case, four-letter codes originally used in the pre-Mac OS X resource forks ; these are generally the same as the Windows extensions but with "M" added to the end (e.g., Windows .8ba = Mac 8BAM ). Below is a complete list of the plugin varieties: Only Adobe publishes parser and selection plugins. Host applications or plugin hosts are graphics applications that are capable of running plugins. Photoshop fully supports all available plugin types; certain Adobe hosts, like Photoshop Elements and Fireworks , support most of them, while Lightroom supports many and also has its own, derived from
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2100-591: The producing and modifying of 32-Bit High Dynamic Range (HDR) images, which are optimal for 3D rendering and advanced compositing. FireWire Previews could also be viewed on a monitor via a direct export feature. Photoshop CS2 brought the Vanishing Point and Image Warping tools. Vanishing Point makes tedious graphic and photo retouching endeavors much simpler by letting users clone, paint and transform image objects while maintaining visual perspective. Image Warping makes it easy to digitally distort an image into
2150-540: The program ImagePro, but the name was already taken. Later that year, Thomas renamed his program Photoshop and worked out a short-term deal with scanner manufacturer Barneyscan to distribute copies of the program with a slide scanner ; a "total of about 200 copies of Photoshop were shipped" this way. During this time, John traveled to Silicon Valley and gave a demonstration of the program to engineers at Apple Computer and Russell Brown, art director at Adobe . Both showings were successful, and Adobe decided to purchase
2200-405: Was a new addition in CS2, and it allowed settings for multiple raw files to be modified simultaneously. In addition, processing multiple raw files to other formats including JPEG, TIFF, DNG or PSD, could be done in the background without executing Photoshop itself. Photoshop CS2 brought a streamlined interface, making it easier to access features for specific instances. In CS2 users were also given
2250-418: Was announced that version 6.3 marked the first release of the software built entirely using DxO's own code. U Point technology was originally developed by Nik Software in the early 2000s as a way to make selective adjustments. They realized that making selections in Photoshop was very difficult and time consuming, the tools were often very difficult to learn and even harder to master. The name U Point comes from
2300-491: Was designated with " CS " plus a number; e.g., the eighth major version of Photoshop was Photoshop CS and the ninth was Photoshop CS2 . Photoshop CS3 through CS6 were also distributed in two different editions: Standard and Extended. With the introduction of the Creative Cloud branding in June 2013 (and in turn, the change of the " CS " suffix to " CC "), Photoshop's licensing scheme was changed to that of software as
2350-506: Was initially based on version numbers, from version 0.63 (codename "Bond"; double-oh-seven), through version 0.87 (codename "Seurat" which was the first commercial version, sold as "Barneyscan XP"), version 1.0 (February 1990) all the way to version 7.0.1. Adobe published 7 major and many minor versions before the October 2003 introduction of version 8.0 which brought with it the Creative Suite branding. In February 2013 Adobe donated
2400-457: Was launched on April 12, 2010. In a video posted on its official Facebook page, the development team revealed the new technologies under development, including three-dimensional brushes and warping tools. In May 2011, Adobe Creative Suite 5.5 (CS5.5) was released, with new versions of some of the applications. Its version of Photoshop, 12.1, is identical to the concurrently released update for Photoshop CS5, version 12.0.4, except for support for
2450-565: Was released in February 1990. Photoshop 2.0 was released in June 1991. It added support for paths and the CMYK color model . Photoshop 2.5, released in November 1992, was the first version available for Windows . Photoshop 3.0 was released in September 1994 for Mac OS 7. The Windows version came out later in November. Notably, this was the first version that brought Layers . Photoshop 4.0
2500-461: Was released in November 1996. Photoshop 5.0 was released in May 1998. Photoshop 6.0 was released in September 2000. Photoshop 7.0 was released in March 2002. The first Photoshop CS was commercially released in October 2003 as the eighth major version of Photoshop. Photoshop CS increased user control with a reworked file browser augmenting search versatility, sorting and sharing capabilities and
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