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80-536: The Nike+iPod Sport Kit is an activity tracker device, developed by Nike, Inc. , which measures and records the distance and pace of a walk or run. The Nike+iPod consists of a small transmitter device attached to or embedded in a shoe, which communicates with either the Nike+ Sportband, a receiver plugged into an iPod Nano . It can also work directly with a 2nd Generation iPod Touch (or higher), iPhone 3GS , iPhone 4 , iPhone 4S , iPhone 5 , The Nike+iPod

160-570: A Swiss railway clock , and Apple formed an agreement with the Swiss Federal Railways to license the design for its own use. The Music app was redesigned for iPhone and iPod Touch users. The interface was now completely white, while the Now Playing UI was now equipped with motion sensitive scrubber bars similar to the iPod Nano 7th generation . The YouTube app, which had been a default app on iOS developed by Apple,

240-404: A piezoelectric sensor with a Nordic Semiconductor nRF2402 transmitter that is mounted under the inner sole of the shoe and a receiver that connects to the iPod. They communicate using a 2.4 GHz wireless radio and use Nordic Semiconductor 's "ShockBurst" network protocol. The wireless data is encrypted in transit, but some uniquely identifying data is sent in the plain. The wireless protocol

320-482: A "trend to favor newer companies," which sparked both developer concerns and praise. The App Store also updated apps without requiring the iTunes password, and when installing or updating an app, users were no longer automatically returned to the home screen. Upon receiving calls, iOS 6 enabled users to swipe up the lock screen to reveal "Reply with message" or "Remind me later." The "Reply with message" feature shows several pre-determined messages with an option for

400-478: A common currency. With the release of the second-generation iPod Touch in 2008, Apple Inc. included a built-in ability to receive Nike+ signals, which allowed the iPod to connect directly to the wireless sensor thus eliminating the need for an external receiver to be connected. Apple also added this capability to the iPhone 3GS (released 2009), iPhone 4 (2010), and third-generation iPod Touch (2009). Those devices use their Broadcom Bluetooth chipset to receive

480-406: A custom message, while the "Remind me later" feature offers several options (such as an hour later, when the user gets home, or when the user leaves the current location) to enable a reminder. Podcast functionality was separated from the iTunes app and received its own Podcasts app in iOS 6, in order to "centralize and promote podcast listening and downloading for users." The Safari web browser

560-428: A default app on the original iPhone to ensure mass market mobile launch for the video-sharing service, but required handling development efforts itself. In 2012, YouTube made the "gutsy move" to discontinue the license in an effort to "take back control of our app" by developing it themselves. The reception of iOS 6 was positive. Dan Seifert of The Verge wrote that "iOS 6 looks nearly identical to iOS 5. There are

640-541: A few subtle tweaks here and there. But for every small change to the look of iOS details, there are ten things that remain the same." While praising the iPhone 4s for being a "snappy performer," he noted that "When it comes to speed, iOS 6 doesn't feel terribly different from iOS 5". Craig Grannell of TechRadar wrote that "iOS 6 is rather like the iPhone 5 or OS X Mountain Lion - the refinement of something that already works extremely well. Apple isn't overhauling things for

720-652: A general consensus that Apple "isn't overhauling things for the sake of it." iOS 6 did not "completely change the way you use your device," but "each of the tweaks will make many daily smartphone actions easier across the board," and critics praised the refinement of "something that already works extremely well" as "something other companies would do well to emulate." The release of Apple Maps, however, drew significant criticism, due to inaccurate or incomplete data. The issues prompted an open letter of apology from Apple CEO Tim Cook . Scott Forstall , who had overseen iOS development since its inception, announced his departure from

800-468: A grid of icons, as opposed to a list, of different apps to which users could share content. A new Apple Maps app replaced Google Maps as the default mapping app on the operating system. Apple Maps used Apple's vector-based engine, making for smoother zooming . New to Maps was turn-by-turn navigation with spoken directions and 3D views in certain countries, "Flyover" views in some major cities, and real-time traffic. At launch, turn-by-turn navigation

880-478: A higher-than-normal data usage after upgrading to iOS 6, causing some to be heavily billed for data largely exceeding their data plan. Steve Rosenbaum of The Huffington Post wrote that "The bug is the result of an iOS 6 problem that connects the phone to the cellular data network whenever the phone is connected to a WiFi signal," and also stated that Apple had released a patch . In April 2014, users who were still running iOS 6 could not connect to FaceTime due to

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960-430: A patient's body temperature, heart rate, heart rate variability, brain activity, muscle motion, and other critical data can be delivered through these trackers. Moreover, in sports training , there is an increasing demand for wearable sensors. For example, measurement of sweat rate was possible only in laboratory-based systems a few years ago but is now possible using wearable sensors. Heart rate variability (HRV) has

1040-484: A physical card when scanned to process a mobile payment at participating locations. The app has context-aware features such as notifications for relevant coupons when in the immediate vicinity of a given store, and automatic visibility of boarding passes when the user is at an airport, with notifications for gate changes. The Camera app was updated to include a new Panorama mode that allowed users to take 240-degree panoramic photos. The Photos app received updates to

1120-498: A predictive analysis tool to determine the risk of Parkinson's Disease in individuals. Other fitness trackers are intended to monitor vital signs in the elderly, epileptics, and people with sleep disorders and alert a caregiver to a problem. Individuals with a uterus can use menstrual tracking apps to keep track of their cycles and refer back to the timeline to spot any changes that they would like to bring up to their doctors or specialists. There are several apps for this purpose but

1200-507: A smartphone to display data, similar to ring-based trackers. Earphone-based fitness trackers use sensors to take readings directly from the capillaries located within the ear. Due to their placement, these trackers can give more accurate results for blood pressure, electrocardiogram , and body temperature. Fitness trackers placed in the ear are also well suited to the assessment of heart rate. Many devices primarily intended as smartwatches also function as fitness trackers. An early example

1280-533: A specific group of contacts, and allowing sound on the second call if someone calls repeatedly. A crescent moon icon will appear in the status bar when Do Not Disturb mode is enabled. New privacy settings became available to users. In addition to "Location Services," the following menus were added in iOS 6: "Contacts," "Calendars," "Reminders," and "Photos." The updated privacy menus allow users more fine-grained privacy permission controls for each app, with new notifications when apps want access to information in each of

1360-497: A user achieves a personal best (such as fastest mile, fastest 5K, fastest 10K, longest run yet) or reaches certain long-term milestones (such as 250 miles, 500 kilometers). This "celebrity feedback" is heard after the usual end-of-run statistics. While the Sports Kit can be used immediately after purchase, it will report more accurate results if it is calibrated before the first usage and then regularly afterwards. For calibration,

1440-507: A user's exercise habits and life in general. The data is: number of steps run, number of steps walked, distance run, distance walked, and number of hours device has been on. In addition to tracking personal workout statistics, the Nike+ integrates directly with the Nike website. Workout data can be automatically uploaded to the website during an iPod sync with iTunes or through another program via

1520-471: A wristband similar to a wristwatch . This type of tracker usually includes a digital display for data. Wrist-based trackers may be prone to error during exercise involving rapid arm motion. Some fitness trackers take the form of a ring. Ring-based trackers have no display of their own and rely on a connection with a smartphone to display tracked data. Another low-profile format for fitness trackers places sensors inside of earphones . These trackers rely on

1600-582: Is a risk of false positives, the study found that it may be a useful tool in the initial diagnosis process as a gateway to additional procedures rather than being the only tool used. Fitness trackers have also been used for tracking and finding solutions to combat obesity by promoting physical activity. A device called the Fitbit Alta was used as the wristband for adolescents who are considered obese where their steps, distance, calories burned, activity time, and sleep rates were kept track of and downloaded by

1680-472: Is accountable for a majority of strokes in the United States. Professionals rely on the ambulatory electrocardiogram (EKG) to record AF but soon found wearable wristbands to be useful for regular usage. These wearables must be accurate to prevent misdiagnosis, morbidity, and mortality. The Apple Watch was found in a study to be able to detect and notify the wearer of an irregular pulse. Though there

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1760-414: Is also compatible with most Polar training computers (all those using 5 kHz analog transmission technology). Nike+ had 18 million global users as of April 2013. One year later, Nike updated the number of global users to 28 million. In iOS 6.1.2 (and possibly higher), a hole in the compatibility for the app has allowed jailbroken iPad users to use the native Nike + iPod iPhone and iPod app by moving

1840-410: Is compatible with the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus down to iPhone 3GS and iPod touch. On June 21, 2012, Nike released Nike+ Running App for Android. The current app is compatible with all Android phones running 4.0.3 and up. The sensor and iPod kit were revealed on May 20, 2006. The kit stores information such as the elapsed time of the workout , the distance traveled, pace , and calories burned by

1920-451: Is essential to understanding any risk and likelihood of additional health complications and the correlation to specific conditions. Chest patches are used for measuring heart rate while the wristbands ("Chillbands") were used to track activity, where a correlation was seen in the HR levels and the involvement of circadian rhythm, stress, gender, and age. It was seen that detecting depression alone

2000-530: Is evident in collaborative efforts between leading sports brands and technology companies. Fitness trackers are not medical devices. However, newer models approach the US definition of a Class II medical monitor , and some manufacturers hope to eventually make them capable of alerting to a medical problem, although FDA approval would be required. Activity tracking has been utilized to keep track of atrial fibrillation (AF), an irregular and chaotic heartbeat, which

2080-495: Is stored and analyzed by the companies involved. Wearable heart rate monitors for athletes were available in 1981. Improvements in technology in the late 20th and early 21st century made it possible to automate the recording of fitness activities, as well as to integrate monitors into more easily worn equipment. The RS-Computer shoe was released in 1986. Early examples include wristwatch-sized bicycle computers that monitored speed, duration, distance, etc., available at least by

2160-410: Is the sixth major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc , being the successor to iOS 5 . It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 11, 2012, and was released on September 19, 2012. It was succeeded by iOS 7 on September 18, 2013. iOS 6 introduced a new Apple Maps app, which replaced Google Maps as the default mapping service for

2240-678: Is unclear whether activity changes occur in children and adolescents. There are many apps available in the Apple AppStore and the Samsung Google Play Store that deal with mental health management and self-help. Smartwatches have also been involved in monitoring stress and other mental health issues. A study was done analyzing the different types of devices, ranging from bulky wearables to smaller, portable devices with sensors that can detect depression, anxiety, and any form of stress. Monitoring these main three factors

2320-451: Is why the researchers utilized this information and used the technology to correlate behavioral aspects with the data to search for more solutions. One review of six studies found that there was little evidence that fitness trackers improve health outcomes. Of five studies that looked at weight loss, one found benefit, one found harm, and three found no effect. Another systematic review covering 35 studies and 7454 participants, published in

2400-557: The Advertising Identifier may no longer gather information to serve you targeted ads." In iOS 6.1, a "Reset Advertising Identifier" setting was added to allow users to reset the identifier used by advertising companies. iOS 6 added a Twitter widget in the Notification Center, where users could tweet without going into the app. This saved resources. The Share Sheet interface was updated to display

2480-670: The App Store and Game Center , which featured Facebook's like button ; as well as through a widget in the Notification Center, which allowed users to post status updates to the social network. The Settings app received multiple changes in iOS 6. The icon was revised to match the System Preferences icon used in OS X , and a "Do Not Disturb" mode was added, which allows users to disable phone sounds. Additional options for Do Not Disturb mode include being able to allow phone calls from

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2560-556: The App Store. Scott Forstall , the then-VP of iOS software engineering, was involuntarily dismissed from his role at Apple in October 2012 after he "refused to sign his name to a letter apologizing for shortcomings in Apple's new mapping service." In September 2012, Sarah Downey, a "privacy expert" with the software company Abine expressed her concern that in spite of the new "Advertising Identifier," Apple didn't disclose details on what

2640-532: The British Journal of Sports Medicine, found that fitness trackers increased people's physical activity by an average of 1850 steps/day. According to another study comparing 8-week interventions and four-month follow-ups of physical activity monitors, a guided weight loss program, and together, activity monitoring and the weight loss program are associated with similar improvements and both combined are associated with more improvements than either alone. It

2720-710: The Gym" launched, allowing users to record their cardio workouts directly to their iPods. No Sport kit or shoe sensor is required; all that is needed is a compatible iPod (1st–6th generation iPod Nano or 2nd/3rd gen iPod Touch) and an enabled piece of cardio equipment. As of March 2009, the seven largest commercial equipment providers were shipping enabled equipment ( Life Fitness , Technogym , Precor USA , Star Trac, Cybex International , Matrix Fitness and Free Motion). The models of compatible cardio equipment include treadmills , stationary bicycles , stair climbers, ellipticals , and others such as Precor's Adaptive Motion Trainer. Once

2800-491: The Photo Stream functionality, letting users remove images, as well as share custom Photo Streams with other people or the public. The App Store on iOS 6 had a brand new user interface that removed the "Categories" tab and replaced it with "Genius," Apple's search and recommendation engine. It also made use of cards rather than lists to present apps. There were also tweaks to the App Store's search algorithm, resulting in

2880-576: The Photos and Camera apps, allowing users to share photos with iCloud Photo Stream, add filters to their camera shots, and take panoramic photos. The Phone app also received some enhancements, such as the option to reply with a message or set a callback reminder when declining a call, and the ability to enable a Do Not Disturb mode. iOS 6 received positive reviews. Critics noted that the operating system did not offer any significant speed improvements or major redesigns, but instead focused on refinements, with

2960-513: The US in 2013, BodyMedia developed a disposable fitness tracker to be worn for a week, which is aimed at medical and insurance providers and employers seeking to measure employees' fitness. In 2014, Jawbone developed a system called UP for Groups which could provide employers with aggregated data from employees' wearable fitness trackers and apps. Research has been carried out on the gamification of health apps, where users earn incentives and rewards based on their health goals. Though this can make

3040-426: The ability to name runs. Forums were also added (which they refer to as "talk some trash"), allowing users to meet and challenge other runners, ask questions, and give feedback. Recently, there have been several more additions to the Nike+ website including but not limited to: a challenge gallery where all user created challenges are viewable, the ability to name the route taken when running or walking, compatibility with

3120-744: The app bundle and setting permissions for the app. On April 30, 2018, Nike retired services for legacy Nike wearable devices, such as the Nike+ FuelBand and the Nike+ SportWatch GPS, and previous versions of apps, including Nike Run Club and Nike Training Club version 4.X and lower. Likewise, Nike no longer supported the Nike+ Connect software that transferred data to a NikePlus Profile or the Nike+ Fuel/FuelBand and Nike+ Move apps. The kit consists of two pieces:

3200-610: The app engaging, there was concern it could trivialize health apps and deter the users from their genuine health goals. There is also research problematizing tracking devices about how we inhabit, experience, and imagine our bodies and lives. Wearable sensors have been widely used in medical sciences, sports, and security. Wearable sensors can detect abnormal and unforeseen situations, and monitor physiological parameters and symptoms through these trackers. This technology has transformed healthcare by allowing continuous monitoring of patients without hospitalization. Medical monitoring of

3280-545: The availability and protection of the data unknown. The apps of some fitness trackers not only transmit personal data but also private address lists to servers on the Internet without notifying or asking the user. Even when anonymized, the mere presence of geolocation data may be a national security risk. However, the results of a study among semi-professional (half-) marathon participants suggest that certain users are open to sharing tracked activity data voluntarily. In

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3360-427: The categories. iOS 6 also came with a "Limit ad tracking" user control setting to allow users the option to prevent targeted advertising . Apple's "Advertising Identifier" was described by Apple as "a non-permanent, non-personal, device identifier, that advertising networks will use to give you more control over advertisers' ability to use tracking methods. If you choose to limit ad tracking, advertising networks using

3440-451: The center button on the iPod to begin the workout. Audio feedback is provided in the user's choice of generic male or female voice by the iPod over the course of the workout, depending on the type of workout chosen. For goal-oriented workouts, the feedback will correspond to significant milestones toward the goal. In a distance workout, for example, the audio feedback will inform the user as each mile or kilometer has been completed, as well as

3520-527: The company shortly after the release of iOS 6. iOS 6 is the last version of iOS that supports the iPhone 3GS and the fourth-generation iPod Touch . iOS 6 is also the last iOS with the skeuomorphic design. iOS 6 was introduced at the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference on June 11, 2012. iOS 6 was officially released on September 19, 2012. Apple's Siri intelligent personal assistant, introduced in iOS 5 with

3600-409: The current distance, time, and pace are provided when the button is tapped once, while if the button is held down the iPod skips to the "PowerSong" - an audio track chosen by the user, generally intended for motivation. In addition to the in-workout audio feedback, there are pre-recorded congratulations provided by Lance Armstrong , Tiger Woods , Joan Benoit Samuelson , and Paula Radcliffe whenever

3680-402: The data collection of activity-tracking apps, a user's health can be tracked into a "digital health footprint". There have been many concerns about privacy issues with menstruation and reproductive health-tracking apps. Many women who use these apps for menstrual and contraceptive tracking are under the impression that their data is private when there is no single body regulating the apps, making

3760-400: The data is encrypted, a piece of the device's serial number is sent without encryption. This unique 32-bit number has been successfully used to identify specific Nike+ foot sensors. Uses of this technique include remote-operating a car lock, customer tracking, and stalking. The data sent by the device every second is cumulative, since the device was first used, and thus can be very revealing of

3840-494: The default mapping service for the operating system, and immediately faced criticism for inaccurate or incomplete data, including a museum in a river, missing towns, very inaccurate directions, satellite images obscured by clouds, missing local places, and more. Apple CEO Tim Cook issued a letter on Apple's website apologizing for the "frustration caused by the Maps application," and recommended downloading alternative map apps from

3920-496: The direct sharing of data to Facebook ot Twitter. Fitness trackers became appealing to consumers because of the combination of gamification , the social dimension of sharing via social media , and increased motivation due to the resulting rivalry and competition between friends. In 2016, there were several advances made regarding fitness tracking geared toward kids with a variety of options from organizations such as UNICEF and Garmin . Most consumer fitness trackers are worn on

4000-496: The duration and quality of sleep . Improvements in computing technology since the 1980s, recently driven by the rapid advancement of smartphones , paved the way for the spread of wearable tracker devices with integrated sensors. Large amount of sensitive sensor and user-input data is synced with mobile apps such as fitness, mood, sleep, water intake, medicine usage, sexual activity, menstruation, and potential illnesses. This has led to privacy concerns around how consumer information

4080-531: The early 1990s. By at least the early 2000s, wearable fitness tracking devices were available as consumer-grade electronics, including wireless heart rate monitors that could be connected to commercial-grade exercise machines in gyms. Athletes are usually tracked with the levels of internal and external loads, where external loads will consist of the performance outcomes usually witnessed by coaches, and internal loads consist of factors such as heart rate, blood pressure, and blood lactate levels. When taking into account

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4160-420: The foot sensor, such as shoe pouches and containment devices designed to affix the sensor against the shoe laces. No matter how the sensor is integrated with the user's shoes, care must be taken that it is firmly fixed in place and will not jerk around while in use, which would degrade the accuracy. The Sports Kit can be used to track running, which it refers to as "workouts". New workouts are started by plugging

4240-528: The half-way point of the workout, and a countdown of four 100-meter increments at the end of the workout. The iPod's control wheel functions change slightly during a workout. The Pause button now not only pauses the music but also the workout. Similarly, the Menu button is used to access the controls to end the workout. The Forward and Back buttons are unchanged, performing audio track skip and reverse functions. The Center button has two functions: audio feedback about

4320-433: The iPod Nano. The Sportband consists of two parts: a rubber holding strap which is worn around the wrist, and a receiver which resembles a USB key-disk. The receiver displays information comparable to that of the iPod kit on the built-in display. After a run, the receiver can be plugged straight into a USB port and the software will upload the run information automatically to the Nike+ website. As of August 2008 "Nike+iPod for

4400-526: The identifier was actually based on. She stated: "I need them to tell me why it's not identifying because as we've seen from a lot other "non-identifying" pieces of data, they can identify you quite easily," and that "If you're using the opt-out, [Apple] may no longer gather information to serve you targeted ads. To me, that says they may still collect your information to do things other than serve you targeted ads, like build databases about you to send you marketing or to sell to third parties." Many users reported

4480-514: The individual. Nike+ was a collaboration between Nike and Apple; the platform consisted of an iPod, a wireless chip, Nike shoes that accepted the wireless chip, an iTunes membership, and a Nike+ online community. iPods using Nike iPod require a sensor and remote. The next upgraded product was the Sportband kit, which was announced in April 2008. The kit allows users to store run information without

4560-439: The new iPod Nano (fifth generation), a distance club to view everyone's total distance traveled, fastest 5K et cetera. Activity tracker Fitness trackers are a more sophisticated version of the pedometer ; in addition to counting steps, they contain additional sensors such as accelerometers and altimeters to collect or estimate measures including the speed and distance travelled, heart rate , calorie expenditure, or

4640-597: The operating system; a dedicated Podcasts app, as a central location for podcasts ; and a Passbook app, for managing different types of tickets, boarding passes, coupons, and loyalty cards. The App Store received a visual overhaul, featuring a card-based app layout and improved search algorithms. Facebook integration was added to the operating system, allowing status messages, like buttons, and contact and event synchronization with several of Apple's apps. New privacy controls gave users more fine-grained app permissions, as well as an option to prevent targeted advertising. Siri

4720-403: The potential to determine the quality of an exercise regimen. Additionally, HRV is recommended among the athletic community as a warning sign for over-training. In these ways, HRV can be used to optimize performance. Wearable sensors play a pivotal role in monitoring physiological parameters and enhancing fitness regimens through AI-driven feedback and the development of intelligent equipment. This

4800-596: The privacy and security of the data are unknown given that there is no one "head" that oversees the system, leaving a lot of the data open to the market, leaving many questions as to how secure the data is when entered. When users sign up for these apps, they are usually led with an "at your own risk" warning in case any data gets leaked, which can contribute to more targeted ads and inaccurate predictions in their cycles. Fitness trackers have been designed for animals, for example collar-mounted fitness trackers for dogs. IOS 6.1.2 iPod Touch iPad iOS 6

4880-470: The receiving unit into the iPod, then navigating through the iPod menu system. The user chooses a goal for the workout, which might be to cover a specific distance, or burn a number of calories, or work out for a specified time. A workout can also be started without a goal, which is called a "Basic Workout". When the workout goal has been set, the receiver seeks the sensor, possibly asking the user to "walk around to activate [the] sensor". The user then must press

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4960-454: The release of the iPhone 4s , was updated to include the ability to make restaurant reservations, launch apps, read items from the Notification Center, dictate Facebook and Twitter updates, retrieve movie reviews, detailed sports statistics, and more. Siri received language support for Italian , Korean , and Cantonese , and device support for the iPhone 5 , fifth-generation iPod Touch , and third-generation iPad . In iOS 6.1, Siri

5040-436: The researchers to analyze. The overall study found that societal and cultural factors were what affected adolescent obesity given that low-income minorities were at a higher risk given that they had limited access to weight management programs and resources. The tracking of steps and amount of physical activity allowed for one to be aware of their habits and lifestyle, but the access to weight loss programs varied for many, which

5120-584: The sake of it but, in the main, making the iOS experience gradually better. That in itself is something other companies would do well to emulate." Jason Parker of CNET wrote that "iOS 6 is a welcome upgrade for any iOS user, but it's not going to completely change the way you use your device. Instead, each of the tweaks here will make many daily smartphone actions easier across the board and offer some relief to those waiting for certain features (sending images from email and call controls, for example)." In iOS 6, Apple replaced Google Maps with its own Apple Maps as

5200-537: The signals. On June 7, 2010, Polar and Nike introduced the Polar WearLink+ that works with Nike+. This new product works with the Nike+ SportBand and the fifth generation iPod nano in conjunction with the Nike+ iPod Sport Kit. Polar WearLink+ that works with Nike+ communicates directly with the fifth generation iPod nano and Nike+ SportBand using a proprietary digital protocol but it is dual-mode so it

5280-594: The user can distort the results obtained from fitness trackers as seen in a test conducted by Stiftung Warentest where the products were unable to accurately track a bike ride. Furthermore, the determined values for the human energy transformation were erroneous. With the heart rate large deviations have been observed at wristlet trackers, and it is recommended for this purpose to use appropriate chest straps. Wristbands can be uncomfortable to wear and inadvertently be lost. For some products, genotoxic substances were detected. There have been some privacy issues regarding

5360-460: The user finds a fixed known distance of at least 0.25 mile or 400 meters and then sets the Nike+ to calibration mode for the walk or run over that distance. When the walk or run is complete, the device calibrates itself and future workout reporting will reflect statistics closer to that individual user's workout style. Consumer Reports magazine tested the device and found it accurate as long as you keep an even pace. In workouts with varied pace, accuracy

5440-432: The user syncs an iPod with iTunes, the cardio workouts are automatically stored at Nikeplus.com, where each workout is visualized and tracked based on the number of calories burned. The calories are converted to "CardioMiles", at a ratio of 100:1, allowing cardio users to take full advantage of all the tools and features of Nikeplus.com, and allow them to engage in challenges with other runners, walkers and cardio users, using

5520-451: The website's public API . The uploaded information is mostly not personally-identifying, but does also contain some personal statistics such as weight (if configured). Workout data is stored in XML files on the iPod, which has led some web and applications programmers to offer alternatives to the official Nike reports. On October 19, 2006, new features were added to the Nike+ website, including

5600-522: The well-being of the subject, subjective scales are involved which measure fatigue, sleep quality, emotions, and soreness. Fitness trackers later diversified to include wristbands and armbands (so-called smart bands) and smaller devices that could be clipped wherever preferred. In 2006 Apple and Nike released the Nike+iPod , a sensor-equipped shoe that worked with an iPod Nano . By 2010, logging apps had been introduced, many of which integrated

5680-532: Was announced on May 23, 2006. On September 7, 2010, Nike released the Nike+ Running App (originally called Nike+ GPS) on the App Store , which used a tracking engine powered by MotionX that does not require the separate shoe sensor or pedometer . This application works using the accelerometer and GPS of the iPhone and the accelerometer of the iPod Touch, which does not have a GPS chip. Nike+Running

5760-418: Was challenging, causing a risk of misdiagnosis, but further research along with tracking of sleep, physical activity, mood changes, cognitive function, and social habits will help towards accurate measurements. Wearable sensors have also been in use when keeping track of infant development, motor skills, and physical growth are the main aspects that were focused on. Physical movement tracking can be used as

5840-517: Was expanded to more devices and updated with more functionality, such as the ability to make restaurant reservations, launch apps, retrieve movie reviews and sports statistics, and read items from the Notification Center. iOS 6 also added LTE support for more carriers, the ability to purchase movie tickets through Fandango with Siri (USA only), a new button to reset the Advertising Identifier, and improvements to Maps in Japan. Additionally, iOS 6 improved

5920-403: Was integrated with Fandango , allowing users to buy film tickets by voice. The feature was only available in the United States at launch. Facebook came integrated in several of Apple's native apps with iOS 6. Facebook features could be directly accessed from within native apps such as Calendar, which could synchronize Facebook events; Contacts, which could show Facebook friend information, and

6000-401: Was only available for the iPhone 4s and later, and iPad 2 (cellular capability required) and later, while "Flyover" view was only available for iPhone 4s and later, fifth-generation iPod Touch , and iPad 2 and later. A new Passbook app was added, to retrieve documents such as boarding passes , admission tickets , coupons and loyalty cards . An iOS device with Passbook can replace

6080-555: Was removed. Apple told The Verge that the reason for the removal was due to an expired license, but that YouTube users could still view videos through the Safari web browser. The company also confirmed that Google , which owns YouTube, was developing its own app, with a then-upcoming release through the App Store. The Apple-developed YouTube app remained on iOS 5 and previous iOS versions. In June 2017, former YouTube employee Hunter Walk tweeted that Apple contacted YouTube to make it

6160-531: Was reverse engineered and documented by Dmitry Grinberg in 2011. Nike recommends that the shoe be a Nike+ model with a special pocket in which to place the device. Nike has released the sensor for individual sale meaning that consumers no longer have to purchase the whole set (the iPod receiver and sensor). As the sensor battery cannot be replaced, a new one must be purchased every time the battery runs out. Aftermarket solutions are available to users who do not want to use shoes with built-in or hand-made pockets for

6240-435: Was sometimes less than 90%. As walking and running strides can vary significantly, the device should be calibrated for each. Foot sensor: iPod receiver: The shoe sensor broadcasts a packet once a second while the user is walking or running, and for ten seconds after the user stops moving. Any other shock also causes the sensor to broadcast data. The protocol is not connection-oriented and can be easily sniffed. While most of

6320-458: Was the Apple Watch , which has offered fitness tracker functions since 2014. The standard activity-tracking smartphone or web apps present data in statistical form meant to be viewed after the activity has ended. However, research suggests that if we want a richer understanding of the data, we need intelligent computing to be included in the systems that run the apps. Certain movements of

6400-497: Was updated with a full-screen landscape view for iPhone and iPod Touch users. Reading List, a feature introduced in iOS 5 , received offline support, in which text, images, and layout from saved articles get stored on the user's device. FaceTime video calling was updated to work over a cellular connection , in addition to Wi-Fi . The Clock app, which had been on iPhone and iPod Touch since their original release, became available on iPad . The clock design looked similar to

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