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69-642: In January 2008, during the Ninewa Province Campaign , Iraq established the Ninewa Operational Command, to coordinate the various Iraqi Armed Forces and police operating in the region, as well as to liaise with U.S. and allied forces there. A Sunni Arab, Major General Riyadh Jalal Tawfiq, previously commander of the 9th Armoured Division , was selected to command the NOC. There had been long-running and significant disputes about

138-446: A PASGT helmet . Federal Police wear a black-and-blue camouflage uniform similar to the U.S. Army Combat Uniform Universal Camouflage Pattern, which includes a baseball cap, body armour and PASGT helmet. FP uniforms are issued when an officer has completed training; officers not yet trained wear a variety of uniforms, including woodland camouflage . FP officers are organised into brigades which cover geographic areas. Rank insignia for

207-546: A U.S. military outpost in Hawija leaving one U.S. soldier dead. Another 18 soldiers and two Iraqi contractors were wounded. On June 26, a car bomb attack targeted the offices of Ninawa Provincial Governor Duraid Kashmula in Mosul. The attack left 18 people dead and 80 wounded. By this time it was reported that all security gains made by the security forces during operation Lion's Roar had disintegrated. Insurgents managed to re-enter

276-456: A bus station in Mosul. On June 2, a suicide bomber with a car packed full of explosives targeted the Ninawa police station in eastern Mosul, killing 13 people, including five policemen, and wounding 50 others. On June 4, insurgents ambushed a U.S. military patrol in the town of Hawija , in the neighboring Kirkuk Governorate , killing three soldiers. On June 8, a suicide car bomber attacked

345-521: A large scale operation against police stations in Mosul, facing little resistance from the Iraqi police who refused to fight. Undermanned Coalition forces were forced to rely on thousands of Kurdish Peshmerga to help recapture the city, which was retaken after two weeks of heavy fighting. Between 2004 and 2006, a stalemate existed between the Kurdish forces in the east of the city (who had been reflagged as

414-659: A police forces in short terms. In the first four months, the first training course was launched and over 4,000 officers were trained. In 2003 recruitment, applicants were mostly former soldiers and police officers who served under the Baathist rule. At the end of 2003, Iraqi Police formally totalled 50,000 officers. In 2009 the Iraqi Police was under the command of Major General Hussein Jassim Alawadi. The Multi-National Security Transition Command – Iraq (MNSTC-I)

483-587: A useful instrument after the invasion as well. It was intended to form the basis for the police force of the new Iraq, but the civil disorder caused this project to be abandoned. Following the emergency stipend payment, some police came back especially in Baghdad and the U.S. Army military police conducted emergency training. At the same time, in the south the British forces began to establish local police forces in coordination with Shiite religious leaders. In

552-664: The 173rd Airborne Brigade and 1,000 U.S. Special Forces soldiers from the 10th Special Forces group opened a smaller front from Kurdistan , working with the Kurdish Peshmerga to secure Kirkuk and Mosul. As a result, the U.S. forces did not have a large military presence in Ninawa following the collapse of the Saddam Hussein regime. In early April 2003, the 173rd Airborne launched Operation Option North to secure Kirkuk and its nearby oilfields. Meanwhile, U.S. Special Forces and Peshmerga turned towards Mosul, securing

621-651: The Baghdad Belts had an ISIS presence and numerous Shite militias. Also part of the command was the 3rd Federal Police Division under Saleh al-Amiri, with the 9th and 10th Brigades (in Ninewa Governorate) and the 11th, 12th, and 21st Brigades (in Salah al-Din Governorate). The division was reportedly compromised by Iranian Popular Mobilization Forces proxies. Major General Najim Abdullah al-Jabouri

690-892: The Fall of Mosul to the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in mid-2014, the NOC was supervising the 2nd Division and the 3rd Brigade of the 1st Division . The 2nd Division, along with the 4th Division and 12th Division in the Tigris Operational Command to the south all collapsed and dissolved in the face of the ISIS assault. On 4 June, Iraqi police, under the command of Lieutenant General Mahdi Al-Gharrawi , cornered ISIL military leader Abu Abdulrahman al-Bilawi near Mosul, in Iraq. Al-Bilawi blew himself up, and Gharawi hoped it would prevent an attack. At 02:30 in

759-475: The Syrian border, killed 17 people and wounded 42 others. 16 of the dead were policemen or police recruits. One civilian was also killed. The police chief was dismissed over the incident. Meanwhile, in Mosul, a suicide bomber driving a police vehicle killed three police commandos and wounded nine others, including two policemen. In a separate attack, at least 20 civilians were wounded when a car bomb exploded near

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828-734: The 16th Division in the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan area in Sulaymaniyah . Each was to have a strength of 14,700 (and transferring soldiers to the main Iraqi Army was planned to shield the remaining Peshmerga from painful personnel cuts.) Recruiting began in 2008 but neither division was active by 2009 (or mid-2014). The two divisions were not established and the Kurdish Peshmerga remained under their own commanders and in their own party-divided command structure. During

897-538: The 2nd Division who had been deployed in Baghdad as part of Operation Imposing Law returned to Mosul. Also, in January 2008, Iraq established the Ninewa Operational Command (NOC), to coordinate the various Iraqi Security Force units operating in the province, as well as liaise with Coalition forces operating in the province. A Sunni Arab, Major General Riyadh Jalal Tawfiq, previously commander of

966-399: The 2nd Iraqi Army Division) and Sunni insurgents who were firmly entrenched in western Mosul. In early 2007, coalition forces launched a new counter insurgency strategy throughout Iraq, mainly focused on Baghdad and the surrounding belts . The U.S. military command responsible for Ninewa province, Multi-National Division North, was again forced to operate without one of its battalions when

1035-655: The 2nd battalion, 12th Cavalry Regiment was deployed to Mansoor district as part of the Baghdad Security Plan . At this point, MND-N had one combat brigade in Ninewa Province, the 4th Brigade Combat Team of the 1st Cavalry Division, under the command of COL Stephen Twitty. This unit was composed of three combat battalions, including 2nd Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment and 1st Battalion, 9th Cavalry Regiment stationed at FOB Marez in Mosul and 5-82 FA BN at FOB Q-West near Qayarrah. These units were supported by

1104-580: The 4th Special Troops Battalion and the 27th Brigade Support Battalion. At the same time, the Iraqi Army 2nd Division had redeployed two of its battalions to Baghdad. Despite the reduced Coalition and Iraqi presence in Mosul, attacks fell by half, from between 15 and 18 attacks per day in December 2006, to 7-9 attacks in July. However, coalition operations in Diyala and Baghdad were forcing insurgents north along

1173-401: The 52nd, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, and the 92nd Brigades, and the 16th Division with the 75th, 76th, and 91st Brigades. The 15th and 16th Divisions were formed from units and elements of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Divisions that the U.S. and its Operation Inherent Resolve partners reconstituted and retrained. However parts of the 15th Division, raised in central Iraq, were never sent north to fight, as

1242-532: The 9th IA Division, was selected to command the NOC. Sporadic fighting had already been going on since late 2007, after the insurgents had been routed from Diyala. In early 2008, however, Al-Qaeda wanted to make it clear that they could still fight effectively in Iraq. On January 23, a massive cache of explosives was detonated in an abandoned building in Mosul in the Zinjeli neighborhood. Insurgents were tipped off that Iraqi security forces were preparing to search

1311-539: The IP is nearly identical to that of the Iraqi Army, except that the shoulder boards are usually dark blue. Officers ranks and ranks of NCOs and constables are the same that of Iraqi army, from highest to lowest, with symbol on epaulette, as below: The Iraqi Police has faced a number of problems since it was reformed by the Coalition Provisional Authority after the fall of Baghdad . It became

1380-573: The ISIL fighters. The insurgents hanged, burned, and crucified some Iraqi soldiers during their attack. The night of 9 June, generals Aboud Qanbar and Ali Ghaidan decided to withdraw across the river, leaving General Al-Gharrawi, the operational commander of Nineveh Governorate, at his command post without any orders. Ghaidan and Qanbar's retreating convoy created the impression that Iraq's security forces were deserting and so Iraqi Army soldiers started to flee Mosul. The 2nd Division (Iraq) had deserted

1449-488: The Iraqi Army. Iraqi security forces announced a 10-day amnesty for Iraqis to hand in medium and heavy weapons in exchange for cash. On May 19, Iraqi forces reported that they had captured Abdul Khaleq al Sabaawi, the emir of Ninawa province, in a raid in Tikrit . The same day in the town of Baaj, 130 kilometers from Mosul, gunmen ambushed a bus carrying police recruits killing 11 of them. On May 23, Iraqi police announced

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1518-618: The Iraqi Police (IP) and security forces. Police transition teams (PTTs) are US military-police squads deployed to Iraqi Police stations. The teams conduct joint patrols with the IP, share station defense and gather station information and counter-terrorism intelligence. The joint patrols of the PTTs have helped curb violence, increasing respect for Iraq's police force. These duties were later performed by United States Air Force Security Forces members. An International Police Liaison Officer (IPLO), an experienced US police officer, accompanied most of

1587-604: The Iraqi Police, and "ISF" to the broader Iraqi security forces , In 1922, the General Police Directorate was established under an Iraqi administration. The current commander of the Federal Police Forces is Lieutenant General Raed Shaker Jawdat . The current Iraqi Police has some links with the pre-war Iraqi police service, which was professional and low in repression priority. Therefore, the police were expected to remain cohesive and to be

1656-483: The Iraqi Prime Minister ordered Iraqi military reinforcements to Mosul to begin an offensive to crush the remaining al-Qaeda elements that were still holding out in the area. The troops, tanks and helicopters began arriving in Mosul on January 27, including elements of the 35th Brigade, 9th (Armored) Division. However, a day after the reinforcements arrived insurgents ambushed a U.S. military patrol in

1725-404: The Iraqi government; as a result, many police officers have abandoned their posts. As of October 7, 2006, 12,000 Iraqi Police deserted and 4,000 were killed. On 17 August 2016, a market owner was killed by a police officer after a brawl began when the market owner "refused to back his vehicle" in Baghdad. The Ba'athist regime began to increase the role of extremist Islam in government during

1794-459: The Iraqi police and Interior Ministry have ties to the Islamic fundamentalist Badr Brigade , which have been given leeway to punish those suspected of immorality. In Basra , police guarding a local park reportedly made no attempt to stop an armed group from severely beating two women and shooting a male Iraqi friend of theirs to death. The Iraqi government has been accused of using (or allowing)

1863-554: The National Police Forces employed about 10,000 officers. The number is somewhat misleading, because one-third to one-half of the NP are on leave at any given time. Iraqi Interior Minister Jawad al-Bulani announced that as of December 24, 2005, 12,000 police officers in Iraq died in the line of duty since the 2003 US-led invasion. Large-scale operations were conducted by coalition forces to assist in policing and train

1932-674: The Sunni Iraqi Accordance Front , said large numbers of gunmen had escaped to the Hamrin mountains following the start of the offensive. On May 14, the Iraqi Prime Minister, Nouri al-Maliki arrived in Mosul to supervise the operation, mirroring a similar move made in March when he flew down to Basra to supervise the campaign there. Al-Maliki said the aim of the offensive was to clear the city of "criminal terrorist gangs" and "it intends to provide suitable conditions for

2001-739: The Tigris River valley up to Mosul. Following their defeats during Operation Phantom Thunder and Operation Phantom Strike in 2007 the insurgents lost their primary base of operations in Diyala province and were still under attack by Coalition forces as part of operation Phantom Phoenix . Having also lost their bases in Al Anbar and in Baghdad itself, remaining insurgent forces were forced to retreat towards northern Iraq and establish their main bases in Mosul, their last supply route through which they moved weapons, personnel and money from abroad into

2070-480: The US 1st Combined Arms Battalion, 8th Regiment had been redeployed to Mosul from Baghdad, joining the 3rd Squadron of the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment (3-3 ACR), who had been in the city since December 2007, when the 3ACR took over responsibility for Nineveh province from the 4th HBCT of the 1st Division. The city was split into two halves, with each unit responsible for security on their side. Two Iraqi Army battalions from

2139-446: The building and when the police came they detonated the explosive. The explosion killed 60 people, all of them civilians, wounded 280 and leveled several buildings. The next day, as the police was investigating the scene, of the massive bombing the day before, gunmen opened fire on them. At that time a suicide bomber targeted the car of the police chief of Mosul, who was on the scene, killing him and two other policemen. On January 25,

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2208-413: The building was promised by Iraqi president Ibrahim Jaafari at the end of December 2005, but as of 4 May 2006 no report was issued. The United States Department of State released a 2006 human rights report accusing the Iraqi police of widespread atrocities. In October of that year, the Iraqi government dismantled a police brigade with connections to sectarian death squads . The dismantled brigade

2277-486: The capture of Abu Ahmed, an al-Qaida in Iraq financier for the three northern governorates of Salah-ad-din, Kirkuk, and Ninawa. He also led several attacks against coalition forces in Salah-ad-din. On May 24, the Iraqi military operation in Mosul was declared over and the city and surrounding areas declared secured by the military. The Iraqi Army stated that Al-Qaeda had been cleared from their remaining stronghold in

2346-401: The city and gunmen were seen roaming the streets in force. On June 27, the U.S. military announced that it had killed Abu Khalaf, the leader of Al-Qaeda in Mosul. He was shot dead by American forces during a raid on a building in Mosul. Al-Qaeda suffered perhaps its greatest blow when American soldiers killed Khalaf, the "emir of Mosul". He had been a close associate of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi ,

2415-432: The city killing five soldiers. The patrol was initially attacked by an IED , but then insurgents in a nearby mosque opened fire on soldiers in the patrol after the roadside bombing, prompting a fierce gunbattle as U.S. and Iraqi troops secured the area. Iraqi soldiers entered the mosque but the gunmen had already fled. During the fight for the north there was also some sporadic fighting in other areas, such as Tal Afar to

2484-559: The city on April 11 after the Iraqi Army V Corps surrendered. Despite efforts by the Special Forces commander, Lt. Col. Waltemeyer to keep Kurdish forces out of the city, Mosul fell into chaos with armed Kurds looting the city and forcing Arabs out of homes. At the same time, former Ba'athists and Iraqi military personnel fled south to Tikrit and began to form the insurgency. By the end of the first week of American occupation of Mosul, 31 Iraqis had been killed and 150 wounded. Towards

2553-484: The city within a few hours and both Ghaidan and Qanbar arrived in Kurdistan the next day. On the morning of 10 June, Gharawi and 26 of his men, who were still at the operation command centre in the western part of the city, decided to fight their way across a bridge to eastern Mosul. On the east bank, their five vehicles were set ablaze and after coming under heavy fire, during which three of the soldiers were killed, it

2622-610: The city. However, after the takeover of Badush prison near Mosul, ISIL separated and removed the Sunni inmates, while the remaining 670 prisoners were executed. At the end of 10 June, ISIL was considered to be in control of Mosul. The 3rd Federal Police Division ( Iraqi Federal Police ), under the auspices of the Ninewa Operational Command with its headquarters in Mosul , collapsed in the Northern Iraq offensive by 9 June. Also among

2691-456: The country. During the operation 14 Iraqi soldiers were killed. Five when they were captured and executed and nine by two roadside bombs. Following the strong success of Operation Lion's Roar, remnants of insurgent forces tried to conduct a string of bombings to counteract the military operations. On May 29, a double suicide bombing hit the north of the country. A suicide bomber in Sinjar , near

2760-550: The country. Mosul also had strong strategic importance as a main logistics hub for Al-Qaeda in Iraq because of its size and location - sitting at crossroads between Baghdad, Syria, Turkey and Iran. The insurgents established a new base in Mosul and prepared for a 'decisive final battle' in the words of the Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki . If they lost their center in Mosul the insurgents would not be able to effectively fight anymore. By mid-January 2008,

2829-560: The courtyard of the military headquarters. In the ensuing explosion 13 Iraqi soldiers were killed and 42 people, including 30 soldiers, were wounded. On April 14, an insurgent suicide bomber attacked a group of Peshmerga soldiers near Sinjar. Following the attack insurgents opened up on them with small-arms fire and RPGs. 14 soldiers were killed and 15 wounded. On April 26, insurgents attacked an Iraqi Army checkpoint in Mosul. A suicide bomber detonated an explosive laden vehicle killing 2 Iraqi civilians and wounding 4. Insurgents than followed

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2898-423: The early 1990s, with required religious education in the schools, honor killings and religious committees to punish those deemed in violation of traditional mores (such as adultery, fornication, and homosexuality). The Iraqi constitution stipulates Islam as the official religion, enacted laws must conform to sharia and provisions for civil rights and liberties are in accordance with public mores. Many members of

2967-463: The end of April, 20,000 soldiers from the U.S. 101st Airborne Division, led by Maj. Gen. David Petraeus arrived in Mosul and assumed responsibility for Ninawa province. In January 2004, 8,700 soldiers of the 3rd SBCT/2nd Infantry Division replaced the 101st Airborne, effectively halving the number of U.S. soldiers. Ethnic tensions in Mosul grew, with the Sunni Arabs and the insurgents occupying

3036-467: The explosion with small arms and RPG fire. Iraqi Army and Coalition forces returned fire, killing one terrorist. On May 10, the Iraqi Army, backed by 10,000 Sunni tribesmen loyal to the government, began Operation Za'eer al-Assad Fi Saulat al-Haq (Operation Lion's Roar in Arabic) in Mosul. A curfew was placed over the city at 9 pm and arrest warrants were issued for Al-Qaeda in Iraq leaders. The operation

3105-476: The faltering units was the 9th Brigade dispatched from the 4th Federal Police Division. Poor logistics and corrupt senior officers left the brigade without adequate food and/or water. The Nineveh Operational Command was dissolved in 2014 but them was reformed in April 2015. Two new divisions established and sent north after 2014 to join the Ninewa Operational Command were the 15th Division , formed in 2015, with

3174-526: The former Commando Division and the Public Order Division. The 3rd Federal Police Division, under the auspices of the Ninewa Operational Command with its headquarters in Mosul , collapsed in the ISIS 2014 Northern Iraq offensive by 9 June. The 4th Division was headquartered in Basra. Some reinforcing units, such as the 9th Brigade, 4th Federal Police Division, also withered once deployed to

3243-532: The front lines. The Iraqi Police Service uniform consists of a long-sleeved, light-blue shirt with a blue brassard on the left arm with an embroidered Iraqi flag and "Iraqi Police" embossed in English and Arabic , black or light-blue trousers or blue combat trousers similar to those of the United States Navy . They wear a dark-blue baseball cap with "POLICE" in white letters or body armour and

3312-540: The integration of Kurdish forces into the Iraqi Army . There were publicly revealed plans to establish two Iraqi Army divisions with Peshmerga , Kurdish Regional Guards, manpower. In autumn 2007 Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki ordered the establishment of two divisions with Peshmerga manpower. The 15th Division was to be established in the Kurdish Democratic Party areas of Erbil and Dohuk , and

3381-522: The long history of American warfare. Iraqi Federal Police The Iraqi Police ( IP ) is the uniformed police force responsible for the enforcement of civil law in Iraq . Its organisation, structure and recruitment were guided by the Coalition Provisional Authority after the 2003 American invasion of Iraq , and it is commanded by the reformed Iraqi Ministry of the Interior . "IP" refers to

3450-472: The morning, ISIL convoys of pickup trucks, each truck carrying four fighters, entered Mosul by shooting at the city's checkpoints. Though Mosul's first line of defense was thought to contain 2,500 soldiers, Al-Gharrawi says that "reality was closer to 500". He noted that since all of the city's tanks were being used by Iraqi forces in Al Anbar Governorate , the city was left with little to combat

3519-491: The most notorious leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq, who was killed in an airstrike two years before. An aide wearing a suicide vest died with the emir, as did a woman who tried to pull the detonator on his vest. On July 7 the Investor's Business Daily posted an editorial lamenting the failure of U.S. news media to report the defeat of Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), while London's The Sunday Times reported, "the culmination of one of

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3588-403: The most spectacular victories of the war on terror." A terrorist force that once numbered more than 12,000, with AQI strongholds in the west and central regions of Iraq, has over two years been reduced to a mere 1,200 fighters, backed against the wall in the northern city of Mosul . The editorial stated that the destruction of Al-Qaeda in Iraq was one of the most unlikely and unforeseen events in

3657-483: The north, Kurdish security forces did not experience any interruption, and in Mosul a thousand former police officers were hired by Major General David Petraeus in order to maintain the public order. In the meantime, the Coalition Provisional Authority worked with the renewed Ministry of Interior in order to purge Baathist officials (7,000 police officers fired by Bernard Kerik only in Baghdad) and to establish

3726-513: The northern tip of the " Sunni Triangle " and lies on a sectarian fault line between Sunni Arabs and Kurds. Before the Iraq War , it was a Ba'ath party stronghold and a major source of officers for the Iraqi Army . The U.S. 4th Infantry Division was originally tasked with entering northern Iraq through Turkey , however the Turkish government blocked the attempt. Instead, 2,000 paratroopers from

3795-420: The operation began. On March 15, a force of between 10–12 insurgents attacked an Iraqi Army combat outpost with grenades, RPGs and small arms. The insurgents were repulsed and 3 were killed in the attack. On March 23, an insurgent suicide bomber, in a truck with a bullet-proof windshield, attacked Combat Outpost Inman, an Iraqi Army military base in western Mosul. He blasted through an armored vehicle to reach

3864-599: The operation of state offices, enabling it to reconstruct the city and to deliver services to its people." The U.S. military spokesman, Maj. Gen. Kevin Bergner, announced that Iraq and U.S. forces had arrested 500 people and captured 5 weapons caches. A spokesman for the Iraqi Defence Ministry said that the Iraqi Air Force was providing 24-hour surveillance of Ninewa to Iraqi commanders, a role that

3933-413: The police and other groups to carry out sectarian killings and kidnappings of Sunni Iraqis. In December 2005, US troops found 625 inmates held in "very overcrowded" conditions in a Baghdad Interior Ministry building. Twelve of the prisoners reportedly had signs of torture and malnutrition. The story gave credence to the accusations, sowing further distrust of the police force. A report into the findings at

4002-786: The target of fighters from inside and outside Iraq; thousands of officers have been killed by gunfire and bombings by Iraqi insurgents , foreign terrorists and, in some cases, friendly fire from Coalition troops. An estimated 4,250 Iraqi police officers were killed from January 2005 and 4 March 2006. Due to high unemployment in Iraq, many young Iraqi men have volunteered to join the police forces. A number of recruits have been killed by suicide bombers and suicide car bombs whilst queueing at police stations. The IP has also been infiltrated by insurgents, who use access to privileged information, training and weapons for their own motives. Many police stations have been attacked, blown up, had weapons stolen from them and have been occupied by opponents of

4071-530: The transition teams to aid post-academy training of the IP. National Police Transition Teams (NPTT) are 11-man military transition teams embedded in Iraqi Police units at the battalion, brigade, division and corps levels. These teams are supplied by the US Army and the US Marine Corps. Like the PTTs, each team is assisted by an IPLO and one to six local interpreters. Members of the Iraqi Police use

4140-498: The west of Mosul, Kirkuk further to the north-east and Hawija which is just south of Kirkuk. On February 18, Coalition forces captured Abd-al-Rahman Ibrahim Jasim Tha'ir, Al Qaida's military emir for Mosul. Abd-al-Rahman was moved to Mosul from Bayji after the previous emir was captured on January 21. His capture allowed Coalition forces to develop intelligence about the Al-Qaeda in Iraq network in south-east Mosul, and on March 1 it

4209-539: The west side of Mosul and the Kurds occupying the east side. The situation worsed in October 2004 when the 1st SBCT, 25th Infantry Division relieved the 3/2 SBCT. The 1/25 SBCT had only 3 battalions in Mosul since one of its battalions was redeployed to Fallujah as part of Operation Phantom Fury . At the same time, insurgents moved from Fallujah to Mosul and began launching attacks. On November 11, 2004, insurgents conducted

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4278-479: Was a United States Central Command organisation tasked to train, mentor and equip all Iraqi civilian security forces. MNSTC-I also had the goal of training their counterparts in the Iraqi government of Iraq to assume their role. MNSTC-I was dissolved in 2010. The Iraqi Police had three main branches: By 2012-13 there were four Federal Police Divisions, spread out around the country. The 1st and 2nd Motorized Divisions were headquartered in Baghdad and created out of

4347-600: Was a series of offensives and counter-attacks between insurgent and Coalition forces for control of the Nineveh Governorate in northern Iraq in early-to-mid-2008. Some fighting also occurred in the neighboring Kirkuk Governorate . In mid-October 2006, al-Qaeda announced the creation of Islamic State of Iraq (ISI), replacing the Mujahideen Shura Council (MSC) and its Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI). The capital of Ninawa province, Mosul, forms

4416-454: Was announced by Major General Riyadh Jalal Tawfiq in a statement at the Ninewa Operational Command headquarters. During the first day of the operation, 92 targets were raided throughout Mosul On May 13, four days after the start of the military offensive, five Iraqi soldiers were killed in Mosul after their unit hit a roadside bomb in Mosul. The Iraqi Army announced that it had captured two senior al-Qaida in Iraq leaders east of Mosul. However,

4485-599: Was every man for himself, as Gharawi said. In the east, Gharawi and three of his men commandeered an armoured vehicle with flat tires and headed north to safety. The militants were in control of much of the city by midday on 10 June. The militants seized numerous facilities, including Mosul International Airport , which had served as a hub for the U.S. military in the region. It was thought all aircraft located there had been captured, including helicopters and jet fighters. The militants also claimed to had released at least 2,400 prisoners, after seizing police stations and prisons across

4554-619: Was in command in early 2015. By late 2020, and after a series of changes by the government of Mustafa Al-Kadhimi , Maj. Gen. Ismail Shihab al-Mahlawi was transferred to command the NOC, after ten years of combat in Anbar (commanding the 7th Division and the Anbar Operational Command). Ninewa Province Campaign Indecisive Invasion (2003) Post-invasion insurgency (2003–2006) Civil war (2006–2008) Insurgency (2008–2011) The 2008 Nineveh campaign

4623-484: Was previously provided by Coalition forces. May 15–16, Iraqi forces announced that they had detained 833 people in Operation Lion's Roar since it began. Two civilians were killed by stray bullets during fighting in Mosul, while Iraqi Special Operations Forces captured a wanted Islamic State of Iraq (ISI) member in western Mosul who was responsible for IED emplacements and providing information to ISI about

4692-555: Was reported that Coalition forces had killed the military emir for south-east Mosul on February 27, Abu Yasir al-Saudi . Al-Saudi was a Saudi national who had previously fought in Afghanistan and had been involved in many deadly terrorist attacks across Mosul, including the January 28 ambush, since arriving in Iraq in August 2007 with three other Saudis. It was also reported that 142 insurgents had been killed or captured in Mosul since

4761-424: Was transferred to a US base for retraining. Other police brigades will be investigated for links to death squads. The number of police is difficult to estimate, since local police chiefs may exaggerate their numbers to obtain increased funding for their stations, and people drift in and out of service. Although the total Ministry of Interior payroll exceeds 150,000, many are off-duty at any given time. As of mid-2024,

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