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73-449: There are recreational trails, benches and a fishing pier on the small island, with multiple signs showcasing its history. The only building on the island is a Massachusetts Water Resources Authority sewage treatment plant, which screens out grit and large objects before pumping sewage from the south side of the system to the central processing facility at Deer Island through a 4.8-mile (7.7 km) deep-bore tunnel. The Nut Island effect

146-582: A New England Town , "Not only did Rice become the largest individual landholder in Sudbury, but he represented his new town in the Massachusetts legislature for five years and devoted at least eleven of his last fifteen years to serving as selectman and judge of small causes." The Puritan minister Reverend William Brimstead became the first minister of First Church in Marlborough , William Ward

219-612: A boil-water order or cause a complete water outage in any given area. This includes making a new connection for the Commonwealth Avenue Pumping Station in Newtown to low service lines, to allow the city to continue to receive water in case the City Tunnel goes out of service. MWRA also has a program to finance replacement or lining of local water mains, to maintain quality for consumers. In 1884,

292-503: A bypass pipe, uses it as well. The bypass valves are non-regulating valves, and when opened, only the head in the Quabbin Reservoir and the physical characteristics of the aqueduct govern the flow. Because the turbines are flow limited, the bypass mechanism permits transfer rates nearly twice as high as are possible through the turbines. Operationally, the single aqueduct fulfills three purposes, but only one operational mode

365-477: A cultural district. Marlborough is located near the intersection of Routes 495, 290, 20 and the Massachusetts Turnpike. It is connected to neighboring towns and cities by MWRTA. Marlborough is served by Two Interstate , one U.S Highway and one state highways : Ghost Light Players is a 501(c)(3) charitable organization based in Marlborough. The group has been performing in and around

438-875: A large treatment center on Deer Island at the mouth of Boston Harbor , among other properties. The modern MWRA was created in 1985 after being split from the Metropolitan District Commission . It gained the ability to raise its own revenues and issues its own bonds. The Department of Conservation and Recreation is the successor to the MDC, and still maintains the watershed lands. The MWRA service area covers fifty-eight communities in Greater Boston and MetroWest plus three communities in Western Massachusetts , ( Chicopee , Wilbraham , and South Hadley ). The table below shows

511-713: A new town. The village was named after Marlborough , the market town in Wiltshire , England. It was first settled in 1657 by 14 men led by Edmund Rice , John Ruddock, John Howe and a third John named John Bent; in 1656 Rice and his colleagues petitioned the Massachusetts General Court to create the town of Marlborough and it was officially incorporated in 1660. Rice was elected a selectman at Marlborough in 1657. Sumner Chilton Powell wrote, in Puritan Village: The Formation of

584-560: A number of combined sewage overflow prevention storage tunnels and emergency discharge points. MWRA assumed legal responsibility for the Clinton Wastewater Treatment Plant in 1987. The facility serves Clinton and a portion of the town of Lancaster . It discharges into the South Nashua River . MWRA, its predecessors, and the town of Clinton have had funding disputes over the plant, which

657-404: A population of 14,000, Marlborough had become a major shoe manufacturing center, producing boots for Union soldiers , as well as footwear for the civilian population. Marlborough became so well known for its shoes that its official seal was decorated with a factory , a shoe box , and a pair of boots when it was incorporated as a city in 1890. The Civil War resulted in the creation of one of

730-576: A prosperous industrial town in the 19th century and made the transition to high technology industry in the late 20th century after the construction of the Massachusetts Turnpike . It is part of the Worcester metropolitan area. Marlborough was declared a town in 1660, and was incorporated as a city in 1890 when it changed its municipal charter from a New England town meeting system to a mayor–council government . John Howe in 1656

803-522: A southern loop. A smaller service main in Boston would provide redundancy for the remainder of the Dorchester Tunnel. As of 2018, the project is expected to take 17 to 23 years to design and construct. Various other "Metropolitan Redundancy Interim Improvements" would increase reliability in the short term and in the long term help eliminate any single point of failure that would necessitate

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876-681: Is a public authority in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts that provides wholesale drinking water and sewage services to 3.1 million people in sixty-one municipalities and more than 5,500 large industrial users in the eastern and central parts of the state, primarily in the Boston area. The authority receives water from the Quabbin and Wachusett Reservoirs and the Ware River in central and western Massachusetts. For sewage, it operates

949-584: Is commonly known as Greater Boston’s outer circumferential highway – is a strategic land usage format comparable to the city of Waltham , which itself has many office parks adjacent to the region’s inner circumferential highway of Massachusetts State Route 128 . The Marlborough Center Historic District – focused primarily on Main Street in the heart of the city’s downtown area – features restaurants, hair salons, barber shops, insurance agencies and many other businesses. The Marlborough Regional Chamber of Commerce

1022-415: Is crossed by Interstate 495 , U.S. Route 20 and Massachusetts Route 85 . The eastern terminus of Interstate 290 is also in Marlborough. Marlborough is located in eastern Massachusetts , bordered by six municipalities: Berlin , Hudson , Sudbury , Framingham , Southborough , and Northborough . As of the census of 2000, there were 36,255 people, 14,501 households, and 9,280 families residing in

1095-421: Is named after this plant, which experienced management problems in the 1980s. 42°16′40.14″N 70°57′12.54″W  /  42.2778167°N 70.9534833°W  / 42.2778167; -70.9534833 This article about a location in Boston is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Massachusetts Water Resources Authority The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority ( MWRA )

1168-656: Is now landfilled. Dumping of sludge into Boston Harbor ended in 1991 by using a facility in Quincy to convert it into fertilizer. Sewage processing was improved and consolidated at Deer Island in the 1990s, with a deep-water discharge system finished in 2000. In 1993, the Charlestown sewage pumping station was named after long-time MWRA sewage engineer Peter M. DeLauri. Federally mandated projects to reduce combined sewer outflow events into Boston Harbor and local rivers were ongoing as of 2004. The South Boston CSO Storage Tunnel

1241-651: Is planning to use a tunnel boring machine to dig two new 10-foot-diameter tunnels from Shaft 55A in Weston. The new Northern Tunnel would go to the Waltham-Belmont border, and together with smaller service mains in Belmont, Arlington, and Medford, would form a loop with the City Extension Tunnel and City Tunnel. The new Southern Tunnel would go to Shaft 7C on the Dorchester Tunnel in Boston, forming

1314-853: Is possible at a given time. MRWA also owns and operates several solar power and wind power facilities to help meet Massachusetts' greenhouse gas emission reduction goals, and undertakes energy efficiency projects. One wind turbine is located at the Charlestown sewage pumping station, near Encore Boston Harbor , with a rated capacity of 1.5 MW. As a large customer, the MWRA also generates its own electricity at Deer Island Sewage Treatment Plant and Carroll Water Treatment Plant during periods of high demand to earn money with demand response contracts and to avoid high peak-time prices. This further reduces emissions from less-efficient grid peaking power plants that would otherwise be needed. Local wells, springs (including one on Boston Common ), and rain barrels were

1387-453: Is reliably available) starting in 1969. Though diverting water from the yet further westward Connecticut River was considered several times, in 1986, the MWRA instead undertook a campaign of water conservation . Demand was reduced to sustainable levels by 1989, and continued to drop to around 220 million US gallons (830,000 m ) per day by 2009. From 1996 to 2009, the MWRA constructed sanitary covered storage tanks. These are now

1460-512: Is responsible for designing and operating its own program; MWRA estimates this funding will be enough to removal all lead service pipes from the entire system. MWRA has adjusted water pH since 1996 to avoid corrosion and leaching of lead from remaining pipes into drinking water. Burlington, Massachusetts town meeting voted in 2018 to connect to the MWRA via Arlington, to make up for a partial shutdown of its Vine Brook Treatment Plant due to wells contaminated with 1,4 dioxane . Another vote to fund

1533-617: Is the local chamber of commerce for Marlborough and five other surrounding towns in MetroWest Massachusetts. The chamber represents the business needs of over 650 businesses and thousands of employees in the area and is headquartered in the city. The Chamber of Commerce's role has included working with the MetroWest Regional Transit Authority to improve transportation options and to obtain recognition for Marlborough's Downtown Village as

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1606-558: The Blackstone River . The source towns and college pay the city of Worcester for treatment and MWRA for operational costs based on flow rates. MWRA Total Water Demand and Wastewater Generation [2] Year Demand (Withdrawals) Marlborough, Massachusetts Marlborough is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts , United States. The population was 41,793 at the 2020 census . Marlborough became

1679-557: The COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts . It started the process of making an emergency interconnection to the Lynnfield Water District, which is supplied by the MWRA. Because they have no alternative routes, City Tunnel, City Tunnel Extension, and Dorchester Tunnel cannot be taken out of service for more than a day for maintenance. Some of the valves that would allow that to happen are corroded or underwater. The MWRA

1752-718: The Cochituate Aqueduct leading to the Brookline Reservoir and local storage such as the Beacon Hill Reservoir . When Boston annexed Charlestown in 1873, the Mystic Lakes system was added to Boston's water supply. The Cochituate Reservoir and Aqueduct were abandoned in 1951; none of the other reservoirs or lakes are currently in use as part of the primary or backup water supply. The Boston Water Board constructed seven reservoirs in

1825-707: The Department of Conservation and Recreation and operated by MWRA. Sewage is collected from the town of Rutland , the town of Holden , portions of West Boylston via Holden, and Anna Maria College in Paxton . Sewage flows out of the MWRA's jurisdiction, into the sewage system of the city of Worcester , treated by the Upper Blackstone Water Pollution Abatement District at a plant in Millbury , and discharged into

1898-907: The Merrimack River , the Metropolitan Water Board decided to create the world record-setting Wachusett Reservoir by damming the Nashua River in Clinton, Massachusetts . It was completed in 1905 and filled in 1908, feeding the Wachusett Aqueduct . Water travelled to the Boston area via the Weston Aqueduct and the Weston Reservoir , or via the new Sudbury Reservoir and the older Sudbury Aqueduct. Continued growth in water demand prompted

1971-814: The Sudbury River from No. 3, and are no longer designated as emergency water supplies. Construction on a redundant barrel of the Chicopee Valley Aqueduct was substantially complete in 2008. During the failure of the interconnection between the MWWST and City Tunnel in May 2010, the MWRA drew water from the Chestnut Hill Reservoir, Spot Pond Reservoir, and Sudbury Reservoir via the Sudbury Aqueduct. The Hultman Aqueduct

2044-725: The Sudbury River watershed from 1875 to 1898. Water impounded in these reservoirs was delivered to the Chestnut Hill Reservoir by the Sudbury Aqueduct , completed in 1878. Some distribution mains serving the Boston Low Service area date to the period when water was gravity-fed from the Brookline and Chestnut Hill Reservoirs. (These were transferred to Weston Reservoir by 1900, and covered storage in Weston by 1978, with supplemental service from

2117-541: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 22.2 square miles (57 km ), of which 21.1 square miles (55 km ) is land and 1.1 square miles (2.8 km ) (4.87%) is water. The Assabet River cuts across the northwest corner of the city. Within city limits are three large lakes, known as Lake Williams, Millham Reservoir and Fort Meadow Reservoir . (A portion of Fort Meadow Reservoir extends into nearby Hudson .) Marlborough

2190-571: The Weston Reservoir (a backup surface storage reservoir). The Hultman Aqueduct and the MWWST connect with the Sudbury Reservoir and Weston Aqueduct. The Sudbury Aqueduct runs from Foss Reservoir (Framingham Reservoir No. 3) in Framingham directly to the Chestnut Hill Reservoir , parallelling the MWWST. Sudbury Reservoir and Foss Reservoir are connected by a surface waterway. Framingham Reservoirs No. 1 and No. 2 are downstream on

2263-678: The turbines at Oakdale or through bypass pipes when flow requirements exceed turbine ratings. Water released from Wachusett into the Cosgrove Tunnel passes through the Cosgrove turbines . The 4 original turbines in the Wachusett Gatehouse, located at the start of the Wachusett Aqueduct, have not been used in over 40 years. A 1.54MW turbine is currently being installed at the dam. A turbine at Southborough at

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2336-739: The 1926 construction of the Wachusett-Coldbrook Tunnel to tap seasonal excess water in the Ware River . The tunnel was extended to the Swift River to become the Quabbin Aqueduct . The Metropolitan Water Supply Commission began construction of the massive Quabbin Reservoir in 1936, and it took from 1939 to 1946 to fill the reservoir. The creation of the new reservoir resulted in the disincorporation of four Western Massachusetts towns. The Chicopee Valley Aqueduct

2409-568: The Boston Main Drainage System was completed, carrying sewage from 18 towns to Moon Island to be held for an outgoing tide. In the early 1900s, the sewage was pumped directly into Boston Harbor. The Metropolitan District Commission built a sewage treatment plant at Nut Island in 1952, and another at Deer Island in 1968. The Clean Water Act of 1972 imposed more stringent requirements. MWRA stopped discharging floating debris and fluids (scum) into Boston Harbor in 1989; it

2482-800: The City Tunnel and City Tunnel Extension.) In the late 1800s, water was pumped from Chestnut Hill to the Waban Hill Reservoir in Newton and the Fisher Hill Reservoir in Brookline to create the Southern High Service zone. Other pumping stations were also added: one at Alewife Brook in Somerville and another at Spot Pond in Stoneham . Some of the distribution mains carrying the now-unused supply from

2555-905: The Deer Island Treatment plant from Chelsea Creek , the Columbus Park neighborhood of South Boston, the new Nut Island Headworks, Ward Street in Roxbury , and the Winthrop Terminal Facility. Thirteen pumping stations help feed the system, including the Intermediate Pumping Station in North Weymouth, DeLauri station in Charlestown, and a rehabilitated station on Alewife Brook Parkway in Somerville. The system also has

2628-626: The MWRA's main storage facility, the Quabbin Reservoir in central Massachusetts, through the Quabbin Aqueduct to the Wachusett Reservoir in and around Boylston and Clinton . Tributary rivers and streams comprising the Wachusett watershed, a 108 square mile (280 square kilometer) drainage basin, also feed the Wachusett Reservoir . The Cosgrove Tunnel carries water from there to the John J. Carroll Water Treatment Plant , located at

2701-610: The MWRA-defined "safe yield", and desiring to amortize over more ratepayers the fixed costs of large projects like the MetroWest Tunnel and Deer Island sewage treatment plant, the MWRA is seeking to add more wholesale water customers, including municipalities and properties straddling the border of its service area. At the same time, certain communities in Massachusetts are facing a shortage of available water due to population growth or other factors. From 2002 to 2009,

2774-425: The Marlborough area since 2012, with productions including Hamlet , Dog Sees God , Romeo and Juliet , Macbeth , Godspell , and Love Comics . The Marlborough Country Club was host of Senior PGA Tour Event The Marlborough Classic from 1981 to 1983. Bob Goalby won the event in 1981, with Arnold Palmer winning in 1982 and Don January winning in 1983. The event has since changed locations to

2847-654: The Mystic Lakes, and those connecting Chestnut Hill with these mains and Spot Pond, are still supplying the northern Low Service area. Spot Pond served the northern Low Service zone, and pumped water to the Fells Reservoir to create the Northern High Service zone. Population growth and the increasing popularity of indoor plumbing continued to put pressure on the region's water supply. After considering Lake Winnipesaukee , Sebago Lake , and

2920-879: The Norumbega Reservoir, Schneck's Pond, and Norumbega Covered Storage in Weston. Near Route 128 and the Charles River, it splits in two, feeding regional distribution lines at the Loring Road Tanks and an interconnection with the City Tunnel passing into Newton. In the Chestnut Hill area, the City Tunnel splits into the City Tunnel Extension (northeast) and Dorchester Tunnel (southeast), which act as backbones for smaller distribution mains and feed various regional storage tanks. The Chicopee Valley Aqueduct carries water from

2993-474: The Quabbin Reservoir to the Western Massachusetts communities of Chicopee, Wilbraham and South Hadley (Fire District No. 1). It passes through the Ware Water Treatment Facility and the Nash Hill Covered Reservoir in Ludlow. The water system is divided into seven pressure zones, needed because different consumers are at different altitudes. The seven zones, measured from "Boston City Base" level are approximately: The major MWRA water storage facilities outside of

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3066-408: The Wachusett Reservoir to the Carroll Water Treatment Plant. It was used for this purpose during a tunnel shutdown in 2003. The Hultman Aqueduct begins at the Carroll Water Treatment Plant and parallels the MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel (MWWST), which replaced it in 2003. After the MWWST's completion the Hultman Aqueduct underwent a major reconstruction project, which lasted from 2009 to 2014, with

3139-403: The average family size was 3.07. In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.3% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 36.7% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males. The median income for a household in the city

3212-457: The city – locally known as the "Southwest Quadrant" – features numerous office parks and corporate buildings clustered together in a busy industrial core dotted along Forest Street, Cedar Hill Street, Simarano Drive, Ames Street, D’Angelo Drive and Campus Drive (serving The Campus at Marlborough property) with easy access to the Interstate 495 highway. The city’s recent growth of suburban office park infrastructure adjacent to Interstate 495 – which

3285-428: The city. The population density was 1,719.4 inhabitants per square mile (663.9/km ). There were 14,903 housing units at an average density of 706.8 per square mile (272.9/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 87.70% White , 2.17% African American , 0.20% Native American , 3.76% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 3.27% from other races , and 2.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.06% of

3358-427: The colonies, Marlborough became a favored rest stop on the Boston Post Road . Many travelers stopped at its inns and taverns , including George Washington , who visited the Williams Tavern soon after his inauguration in 1789. In 1836, Samuel Boyd, known as the "father of the city," and his brother, Joseph, opened the first shoe manufacturing business - an act that would change the community forever. By 1890, with

3431-448: The connection between the MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel and the City Tunnel. This resulted in activation of the backup reservoir system for the first time, and a boil-water order for the entire MWRA system affecting approximately two million residents of 31 cities and towns. On May 4, test results indicating the backup water supply was clean enabled lifting of the boil water order. Given that conservation efforts brought demand well below

3504-403: The construction of a park in acknowledgment of the shoe industry, featuring statues by the sculptor David Kapenteopolous. The construction of Interstates 495 and 290 and the Massachusetts Turnpike has enabled the growth of the high technology and specialized electronics industries. With its easy access to major highways and the pro-business, pro-development policies of the city government,

3577-536: The corner of Route 85 and Main Street. Around that time, Marlborough is believed to have been the first community in the country to receive a charter for a streetcar system, edging out Baltimore by a few months. The system, designed primarily for passenger use, provided access to Milford to the south, and Concord to the north. As a growing industrialized community, Marlborough began attracting skilled craftsmen from Quebec , Ireland , Italy , and Greece . Shoe manufacturing continued in Marlborough long after

3650-589: The first deacon and Johnathan Johnson was the first blacksmith . Marlborough was one of the seven "Praying Indian Towns" because they were converted to Christianity by the Rev. John Eliot of Roxbury . In 1674, a deed was drawn up dividing the land between the settlers and the natives. This is the only record of names of the natives. The settlement was almost destroyed by Native Americans in 1676 during King Philip's War . In 1711, Marlborough's territory included Northborough , Southborough , Westborough , and Hudson . As population, business, and travel grew in

3723-432: The first sources of water for Boston residents. Jamaica Pond was used as a water source for Boston starting in 1795, using wooden pipes (later with cast iron). After several epidemics and fires which exposed the inadequacy of the water supply, the Cochituate System was constructed by the Cochituate Water Board, starting in 1845 and opening in 1848. It included a dam on the Sudbury River , creating Lake Cochituate which fed

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3796-474: The following municipalities and other customers have been added to the system: MWRA and municipal water mains are made of concrete, steel, and iron, but as of 2016, about 5% of service lines (between the street and buildings, running from public to private property) in various municipalities were still made of lead. In 2016, during the Flint water crisis , the MWRA board approved $ 100 million in zero-interest loans for lead pipe removal. Each affected municipality

3869-434: The goal of maintaining it as a standby alternative to the MWWST. With the completion of its refurbishment in 2014 it returned to standby status for use in the event the MWWST is unavailable. The Wachusett Aqueduct open channel extends past the Carroll Water Treatment Plant and connects the underground portion of the Wachusett Aqueduct to the Sudbury Reservoir. Before the Hultman and Cosgrove aqueducts were built this served as

3942-413: The industry had fled many other New England communities. Rice & Hutchins, Inc. operated several factories in Marlborough from 1875 to 1929. Famous Frye boots were manufactured here through the 1970s, and The Rockport Company , founded in Marlborough in 1971, maintained an outlet store in the city until 2017. In 1990, when Marlborough celebrated its centennial as a city, the festivities included

4015-445: The need for a boil-water order; part of the delay was the need for follow-up testing. The system includes three hydropower stations (one inactive) and two wind turbines, with a total capacity of 19.8 MW. Water released to the Swift River flows through the Winsor Station below the Winsor Dam but the turbines were damaged in a fire and have not been reactivated. Water transferred from Quabbin to Wachusett can pass either through

4088-482: The population of Marlborough has increased to over 38,000 at the time of the 2010 census. In November 2016, the administration of Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker announced a $ 3 million grant to the city to fund infrastructure improvements along U.S. Route 20 to aid commercial development. Marlborough is located at 42°21′3″N 71°32′51″W  /  42.35083°N 71.54750°W  / 42.35083; -71.54750 (42.350909, −71.547530). According to

4161-408: The population. There were 14,501 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and

4234-494: The primary local storage; the remaining small uncovered reservoirs are only used for backup because the water from these basins would require further treatment. The MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel was finished in 2003, allowing rehabilitation of the increasingly leaky Hultman Aqueduct. The 2010 Boston Water Emergency was caused by a catastrophic failure of a collar connecting two sections of 10-foot-wide (3.0 m) pipe that ruptured in Weston, Massachusetts , on May 1, disrupting

4307-425: The primary method of transmission for water from the Wachusett Reservoir. Although no longer used for that purpose it is maintained as emergency transmission. In an emergency this can be used to feed untreated Quabbin and Wachusett Reservoir water into the emergency source reservoirs. The backup Weston Aqueduct runs from the Sudbury Reservoir in Framingham , running to the Loring Road storage tanks in Weston via

4380-400: The region's most unusual historical monuments. Legend has it that a company from Marlborough, assigned to Harpers Ferry , appropriated the bell from the firehouse where John Brown last battled for the emancipation of the slaves. The company left the bell in the hands of one Mrs. Elizabeth Snyder for 30 years, returning in 1892 to bring it back to Marlborough. The bell now hangs in a tower at

4453-448: The second phase of construction is expected in 2021. In the meantime, Burlington gets MWRA water via Lexington if supplies drop to the point that a full outdoor watering ban is necessary (which happened during the drought of summer 2020). In June 2020, the Lynnfield Center Water District (one of two districts in Lynnfield, Massachusetts ) reached its pumping capacity, due to a combination of drought and high residential water usage during

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4526-449: The services communities receive. The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority and the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR) own and operate the collection, treatment, distribution, and storage facilities that supply drinking water to some forty municipalities in the metropolitan Boston area. This water system design was based upon the purchase and subsequent protection of an entire watershed. This design assures that

4599-441: The source reservoirs are listed below. Covered storage facilities (242.7 million US gallons (919,000 m ) total capacity) are in primary use, and surface reservoirs are used as backup only. (Uncovered reservoirs cannot store potable water without the need for later treatment). The Wachusett Aqueduct is an older parallel conduit to the Cosgrove Tunnel , and is still available as standby transmission for moving water from

4672-418: The start of the Weston Aqueduct has also been inactive for a long period. The Quabbin Aqueduct connects the two reservoirs, and relies upon gravity to accommodate the three separate operational needs. First, diversion of water from the Ware River into the Quabbin Reservoir uses this aqueduct. Second, water transfer from the Quabbin Reservoir to the Wachusett Reservoir , through a hydropower station or

4745-578: The town lines of Marlborough , Northborough , and Southborough, Massachusetts . The plant replaced one used previously only for pH control. It comprises four ozone generators with diffusers and five concrete contact chambers with a volume of 11.3 million US gallons (43,000 m ). The plant has a capacity of 275 million US gallons (1,040,000 m ) per day, on an average day or 405 million US gallons (1,530,000 m ) per day, at peak level. It cost US$ 340 million. The MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel (MWWST) carries water further east, passing

4818-476: The water remains as pristine as possible. However, modern regulations require that all supplies of drinking water be chemically treated regardless of the source. Additions to the MWRA water system throughout its history have resulted in redundancies that allow major sections of the water system to be shut down for repair or maintenance. The MWRA Operations Control Center is in Chelsea. Primary sources: Backup sources: Water bound for Greater Boston flows from

4891-439: The way to Fells and Blue Hills reservoirs, respectively. The Dorchester Tunnel allowed the relegation of the Sudbury Aqueduct and Chestnut Hill Reservoir to backup status, which also improved water quality. The redundant Cosgrove Tunnel was finished in 1965, allowing maintenance of the Wachusett Aqueduct. Demand for water exceeded the "safe supply" of 300 million US gallons (1,100,000 m ) per day (for which precipitation

4964-435: Was $ 56,879, and the median income for a family was $ 70,385. Males had a median income of $ 49,133 versus $ 32,457 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 28,723. About 4.7% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over. Marlborough is home to many businesses, stores and restaurants. The revitalized southwestern corner of

5037-450: Was a fur trader and built a house at the intersection of two Indian trails, Nashua Trail and Connecticut path. He could speak the language of the Algonquian Indians though the local tribe referred to themselves as the Pennacooks . The settlers were welcomed by the Indians because they protected them from other tribes they were at war with. In the 1650s, several families left the nearby town of Sudbury , 18 miles west of Boston , to start

5110-463: Was completed in 1950. Other pressure zones were created around Route 128 suburbs in 1951 by adding several pumping stations. Capacity was expanded in 1941 with the completion of the Hultman Aqueduct (which connected the Wachusett Aqueduct to the end of the Weston Aqueduct at Norumbega). The City Tunnel was added in 1951, connecting to the Chestnut Hill nexus. The City Tunnel Extension (1961) and Dorchester Tunnel (1978) carried high-pressure water part of

5183-476: Was completed in 2011. Sludge is transported from Deer Island via the Inter-Island Tunnel to Quincy, where it is pelletized for sale as fertilizer by the New England Fertilizer Company and the MWRA itself doing business as Bay State Fertilizer. Some fertilizer is transported by the MWRA-owned Fore River Railroad . Discharges to Massachusetts Bay are disinfected with sodium hypochlorite , then de-chlorinated with sodium bisulfite . Major headworks send sewage to

5256-563: Was created to compensate Clinton for sewage problems caused by the construction of the Wachusett Reservoir . The Rutland-Holden Trunk Sewer was completed in 1934, and the Rutland-Holden Relief Trunk Sewer added capacity in the 1980s. These lines are state projects to improve quality of public drinking water sources: the Wachusett Reservoir, Quinapoxet River , and Ware River. They are owned by

5329-405: Was unavailable as a backup as it was undergoing reconstruction at the time. In an emergency, water can be treated with sodium hypochlorite at any point in the system by deploying Mobile Disinfection Units – trailer-mounted units that the MWRA has stored at strategic locations throughout its system. Emergency chlorination was used during the main break of May 2010, but not quickly enough to prevent

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