François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon , PSS ( French: [fʁɑ̃swa də saliɲak də la mɔt fenəlɔ̃] ), more commonly known as François Fénelon (6 August 1651 – 7 January 1715), was a French Catholic archbishop , theologian , poet and writer. Today, he is remembered mostly as the author of The Adventures of Telemachus , first published in 1699. He was a member of the Sulpician Fathers .
65-662: The Nuyts Archipelago is an island group in South Australia in the Great Australian Bight , to the south of the town of Ceduna on the west coast of the Eyre Peninsula . It consists of mostly granitic islands and reefs that provide breeding sites for Australian sea lions and support colonies of short-tailed shearwater . It also includes the island group known as the Isles of St Francis. All
130-682: A cardinal and the Archbishop of Paris . Fénelon demonstrated so much talent at the Collège du Plessis that at age 15, he was asked to give a public sermon. About 1672 (i.e. around the time he was 21 years old), Fénelon's uncle managed to get him enrolled in the Séminaire de Saint-Sulpice , the Sulpician seminary in Paris . Around 1675 (when he would have been 24), Fénelon was ordained as
195-635: A priest . He initially dreamed of becoming a missionary to the East, but instead, and at the instigation of friends, he preached in Sulpician parishes and performed routine pastoral work as his reputation for eloquence began to grow. In early 1679, François Harlay de Champvallon, Archbishop of Paris , selected Fénelon as director of Nouvelles-Catholiques , a community in Paris for young Huguenot girls, who had been removed from their families and were about to join
260-444: A devout Christian life, emphasizing its timeless significance. Tozer cherished Fénelon's Christian Perfection deeply, never lending it out, and considered it an unparalleled aid to spiritual life. William Godwin referenced Fenelon in book II, chapter II of his Enquiry Concerning Political Justice , as an example of man whose life and continued authorship of important works was so valuable to society at large, that if his palace
325-488: A fauna conservation reserve declared under the Crown Lands Act 1929-1966 on 16 March 1967 . It has muttonbirds (112 pairs). West Island is located in the open ocean about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 miles) west of St Francis, it features exposed granite surfaces and is used by Cape Barren geese . It supports a sea lion breeding colony. Lacy Island is located about 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) north-east of St Francis, it
390-537: A husband to make happy, and children to bring up well . . . . In short, one has to consider not only the good which women do when they are well brought up, but also the evil which they cause in the world when they lack an education which inspires them to virtue..." Rev. A. W. Tozer highly praises François Fénelon's Inner Life (Christian Perfection) , valuing its profound spiritual insights and practical guidance for deepening one’s relationship with God. Tozer regards it as an essential read for those earnest in pursuing
455-444: A long history of agricultural use as well as of guano mining. Masillon Island is located about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 miles) south of St Francis, it was named in 1802 in the course of Baudin’s expedition after a Bishop of Clermont, Jean Baptiste Massillon . It is vegetated with heathy shrubland and saltbush, and supports muttonbirds (39,520 pairs). Fenelon Island is located about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 miles) south of Masillon, it
520-596: A monarchy less centralized and less absolute, and with a greater role for aristocrats such as Beauvilliers and Chevreuse. In 1693, Fénelon was elected to Seat 34 of the Académie française . In 1694, the king named Fénelon Abbot of Saint-Valery , a lucrative post worth 14,000 livres a year. The early- to mid-1690s are significant since it was during this period that Mme de Maintenon (quasi- morganatic wife of Louis XIV since roughly 1684) began to regularly consult Fénelon on matters of conscience. Also, since Fénelon had
585-551: A reputation as an expert on educating girls, she sought his advice on the house of Saint-Cyr which she was founding for girls. In February 1696, the king nominated Fénelon to become the Archbishop of Cambrai while at the same time asking him to remain in his position as tutor to the duke of Burgundy. Fénelon accepted, and he was consecrated by his old friend Bossuet in August. As already noted, Fénelon had met Madam Guyon in 1688 and became an admirer of her work. In 1697, following
650-552: A similar introduction to St Peter Island has been more successful. The archipelago is important for Australian sea lions ; it contains eight breeding colonies as well as several haul-out sites. southern fur seals also use haul-out sites in the archipelago, while southern right whales migrate along the coast from May to October. The majority of islands within the group are within the Nuyts Archipelago Wilderness Protection Area which
715-451: A source in the 1726 novel Gulliver’s Travels . Both Flinders and Nicolas Baudin , who also explored the area in 1802-1803, named several of the islands. During the early 19th century the archipelago and adjacent coast were used as a base for sealing and for whaling , usually by Hobart -based entrepreneurs who established whaling stations on St Peter Island as well as at Fowlers Bay and Streaky Bay . Early interactions by sealers with
SECTION 10
#1732772643734780-478: A visit by Mme Guyon to Mme de Maintenon's school at Saint-Cyr, Paul Godet des Marais , Bishop of Chartres (Saint-Cyr was located within his diocese ) expressed concerns about Mme Guyon's orthodoxy to Mme de Maintenon. The bishop noted that Mme Guyon's opinions bore striking similarities to Miguel de Molinos ' Quietism , which Pope Innocent XI condemned in 1687. Mme de Maintenon responded by requesting an ecclesiastical commission to examine Mme Guyon's orthodoxy:
845-576: Is a chain, cluster, or collection of islands , or sometimes a sea containing a small number of scattered islands. Archipelagos are sometimes defined by political boundaries. For example, while they are geopolitically divided, the San Juan Islands and Gulf Islands geologically form part of a larger Gulf Archipelago. The word archipelago is derived from the Ancient Greek ἄρχι-( arkhi- , "chief") and πέλαγος ( pélagos , "sea") through
910-482: Is dome shaped with a high point 41 m above sea level. It has deep soils and muttonbirds (400 pairs). Dog Island is located about 300 metres (980 feet)east-north-east of St Francis, it has saltbush shrubland and muttonbirds (1816 pairs). Freeling Island is located about 100 metres (330 feet) north-east of Dog Island, it was named after Major-General Sir Arthur Henry Freeling , Surveyor General of South Australia . The island first obtained protected area status as
975-497: Is located about 13 kilometres (8.1 miles) in length and 3,429 hectares (8,470 acres) in area, is the largest and most accessible island in the archipelago, and holds the greatest number of muttonbirds (334,800 pairs). It lies only 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) from the mainland and was farmed from 1859 until it was added to the conservation park in 1988. Since sheep grazing ceased the vegetation has become dominated by regenerating native plant communities with patches of mallee woodland . It
1040-508: The Edict of Nantes in 1685, the Church began a campaign to send the greatest orators in the country into the regions of France with the highest concentration of Huguenots to persuade them of the errors of Protestantism . Upon Bossuet's suggestion, Fénelon was included in this group, alongside such oratorical greats as Louis Bourdaloue and Esprit Fléchier . He spent the next three years in
1105-598: The Flinders Current creating a biodiversity hotspot . Examples of the effect of the Leeuwin Current include the presence of plate corals and fish such as the Western Footballer . Prior to the last ice age, approximately 9,800 years ago, the islands formed part of the mainland coastline. The archipelago was named in 1802 by Matthew Flinders after Dutch diplomat Pieter Nuyts , who was
1170-464: The Saintonge region of France preaching to Protestants. He persuaded the king to remove troops from the region and tried to avoid outright displays of religious oppression. But, in the end, he was willing to resort to force to make Protestants listen to his message. He believed that "to be obliged to do good is always an advantage and that heretics and schismatics, when forced to apply their minds to
1235-710: The creation , and the Incarnation . This work was not published until 1820, long after Fénelon's death. Fénelon also became friendly with the Duc de Beauvilliers and the Duc de Chevreuse , who were married to the daughters of Louis XIV's minister of finance Jean-Baptiste Colbert . He wrote a Treatise on the Existence of God . In 1688, Fénelon first met his cousin Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon , usually known simply as Madame Guyon. At that time, she
1300-637: The Bishop of Chartres signed the articles, as did all three commission members. Mme Guyon immediately submitted to the decision. At Issy, the commission asked Bossuet to follow up the Articles with an exposition. Bossuet thus proceeded to write Instructions sur les états d'oraison , which he submitted to the commission members, as well as to the Bishop of Chartres and Fénelon, requesting their signatures before its publication. Fénelon refused to sign, arguing that Mme Guyon had already admitted her mistakes and there
1365-530: The Church of Rome. In 1687, he published a pedagogical work, Traité de l'éducation des filles ( Treatise on the Education of Girls ), which brought him much attention, not only in France, but abroad as well. From 1681 to 1695, Fénelon was prior of the fortified monastery at Carennac . During this period, Fénelon had become friends with his future rival Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet . When Louis XIV revoked
SECTION 20
#17327726437341430-465: The Dauphin, had written Politique tirée de l'Écriture sainte which affirmed the divine foundations of absolute monarchy while also exhorting the future king to use restraint and wisdom in exercising his absolute power, Fénelon went so far as to write "Good kings are rare and the generality of monarchs bad". French literary historian Jean-Claude Bonnet calls Télémaque "the true key to the museum of
1495-676: The IBA include little penguins (over 1000 pairs), Pacific gulls (about eight pairs), Caspian terns (about 250 pairs) and crested terns (at least 3000 pairs), as well as eastern reef egrets , ospreys , white-bellied sea eagles and hooded plovers . Rock parrots occur on Lounds Island and probably Smooth Island. 32°19′44″S 133°37′31″E / 32.32889°S 133.62528°E / -32.32889; 133.62528 Island group An archipelago ( / ˌ ɑːr k ə ˈ p ɛ l ə ɡ oʊ / AR -kə- PEL -ə-goh ), sometimes called an island group or island chain ,
1560-775: The Italian arcipelago . In antiquity , "Archipelago" (from Medieval Greek * ἀρχιπέλαγος and Latin archipelagus ) was the proper name for the Aegean Sea . Later, usage shifted to refer to the Aegean Islands (since the sea has a large number of islands). Archipelagos may be found isolated in large amounts of water or neighbouring a large land mass. For example, Scotland has more than 700 islands surrounding its mainland, which form an archipelago. Archipelagos are often volcanic, forming along island arcs generated by subduction zones or hotspots , but may also be
1625-533: The archipelago and adjoining the mainland have been within the 4000 km Nuyts Archipelago Marine Park since 2012. The archipelago , with the exception of Hart Island, has been identified by BirdLife International as a 110 km Important Bird Area (IBA) because it contains over 1% of the world populations of short-tailed shearwaters (with an estimated maximum of 890,740 breeding pairs), white-faced storm-petrels (22,750 breeding pairs) and pied oystercatchers (about 250 individuals). Other birds nesting in
1690-472: The archipelago. Greater stick-nest rats are found on the Franklin Islands. An isolated subspecies of the southern brown bandicoot ( Isoodon obesulus nauticus ) is endemic to the archipelago and confined to St Francis and the Franklin Islands. An unsuccessful attempt was made to reestablish a colony of brush-tailed bettongs on St Francis Island, where the species had previously become extinct;
1755-415: The blindness of the most brutish brigands and savages; it is to be a man no longer, but a cannibal. He also wrote of women's education as a means against heresy. The world is not abstraction; it is the sum total of families; and who can civilize it more effectively than women . . . . [The concerns of women] are scarcely less important to the public than those of men, since women have a household to rule,
1820-510: The church had the right to condemn certain opinions as heretical, it did not have the right to oblige one to believe that these opinions were actually contained in Cornelius Jansen 's Augustinus . The treatises, sermons, and pastoral letters Fénelon wrote in response occupy seven volumes in his collected works. Fénelon particularly condemned Pasquier Quesnel 's Réflexions morales sur le Nouveau Testament . His writings contributed to
1885-545: The commission consisted of two of Fénelon's old friends, Bossuet and de Noailles, as well as the head of the Sulpician order of which Fénelon was a member. The commission sat at Issy and, after six months of deliberations, delivered its opinion in the Articles d'Issy , 34 articles which briefly condemned certain of Mme Guyon's opinions, as well as set forth a brief exposition of the Catholic view of prayer . Both Fénelon and
1950-518: The consideration of truth, eventually lay aside their erroneous beliefs, whereas they would never have examined these matters had not authority constrained them." During this period, Fénelon assisted Bossuet during his lectures on the Bible at Versailles . It was probably at Bossuet's urging that he now composed his Réfutation du système de Malebranche sur la nature et sur la grâce , a work in which he attacked Nicolas Malebranche 's views on optimism ,
2015-481: The controversy by chastising Bossuet for not warning him earlier of Fénelon's opinions and ordered Bossuet, de Noailles, and the Bishop of Chartres to respond to the Maximes des Saints . Shocked that his grandson's tutors held such views, the king removed Fénelon from his post as royal tutor and ordered Fénelon to remain within the boundaries of the archdiocese of Cambrai. This unleashed two years of pamphlet warfare as
Nuyts Archipelago - Misplaced Pages Continue
2080-423: The deaths of many of his close friends. Shortly before his death, he asked Louis XIV to replace him with a man opposed to Jansenism and loyal to the Sulpician order. He died on 7 January 1715. Fénelon wrote about the dangers of power in government. Historian Paul Hazard remarks that the author posed hard questions for his fictional hero Telemachus to put to Idomeneus, King of Salente: ...those same questions, in
2145-482: The duke was a spoiled, violent child; when Fénelon left him, the duke had learned the lessons of self-control as well as being thoroughly impressed with a sense of his future duties. Telemachus is therefore widely seen as the most thorough exposition of the brand of reformism in the Beauvilliers-Chevreuse circle, which hoped that following Louis XIV's death, his brand of autocracy could be replaced by
2210-401: The duke was his Les Aventures de Télémaque [The Adventures of Telemachus, Son of Ulysses], written in 1693–94. On its surface, The Adventures of Telemachus was a novel about Ulysses ' son Telemachus . On another level, it became a biting attack on the divine right absolute monarchy which was the dominant ideology of Louis XIV's France. In sharp contrast to Bossuet, who, when tutor to
2275-612: The eighteenth-century imagination". One of the most popular works of the century, it became an immediate best seller both in France and abroad, going through many editions and translated into every European language and even Latin verse (first in Berlin in 1743, then in Paris by Étienne Viel [1737-87]). It inspired numerous imitations, such as the Abbé Jean Terrasson 's novel Life of Sethos (1731), which in turn inspired Mozart's Magic Flute . It also more directly supplied
2340-705: The family occupied the position that it had begun to be considered as practically a familial apanage to which the Salignac-Fénelon had a right as seigneurs of the locality" Fénelon's early education was provided in the Château de Fénelon by private tutors, who gave him a thorough grounding in the language and literature of the Greek and Latin classics. In 1663, at age 12, he was sent to the University of Cahors, where he studied rhetoric and philosophy under
2405-401: The human race, which is the great fatherland, than to the particular country in which he was born. As a family is to the nation, so is the nation to the universal commonweal; wherefore it is infinitely more harmful for nation to wrong nation, than for family to wrong family. To abandon the sentiment of humanity is not merely to renounce civilization and to relapse into barbarism, it is to share in
2470-677: The influence of the Jesuit ratio studiorum . When the young man expressed interest in a career in the church, his uncle, the Marquis Antoine de Fénelon (a friend of Jean-Jacques Olier and Vincent de Paul ) arranged for him to study at the Collège du Plessis in Paris, whose theology students followed the same curriculum as the theology students at the Sorbonne . While there, he became friends with Antoine de Noailles , who later became
2535-748: The islands, with the exception of a part of Evans Island, are located within the protected areas of the Nuyts Archipelago Wilderness Protection Area and the Nuyts Archipelago Conservation Park . Of the roughly 30 islands and reefs in the archipelago, those lying furthest from the coast of the Eyre Peninsula are the Isles of St Francis , after the largest. Most of the islands are formed of calcarenite lying on granite; where
2600-416: The king refused to revoke his order forbidding Fénelon from leaving his archdiocese. As Archbishop of Cambrai , Fénelon spent most of his time in the archiepiscopal palace, but also spent several months of each year visiting churches and other institutions within his archdiocese. He preached in his cathedral on festival days, and took an especial interest in seminary training and in examining candidates for
2665-561: The mainland native people were usually hostile. Later, the islands were privately purchased in 1925 and used for farming and sheep grazing. St Francis Island was named in 1627 by Thijssen after his patron saint , at 809 hectares (2,000 acres) it is the second largest island in the archipelago. It is covered by a mix of grassland , saltbush and low shrubland and supports a large population of muttonbirds (estimated at 273,000 pairs). The highest point, 81 metres (266 feet) above sea level, carries an automated lighthouse and radio beacon. It has
Nuyts Archipelago - Misplaced Pages Continue
2730-620: The plot for Mozart 's opera, Idomeneo (1781). Scenes from Télémaque appeared in wallpaper. The American president Andrew Jackson wallpapered the entrance hall to his slave plantation, The Hermitage, in Tennessee, with scenes from Telemachus on the Island of Calypso. Most believed Fénelon's tutorship resulted in a dramatic improvement in the young duke's behaviour. Even the memoirist Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon , who generally disliked Fénelon, admitted that when Fénelon became tutor,
2795-537: The priesthood prior to their ordination. During the War of the Spanish Succession , Spanish troops encamped in his archdiocese (an area France had only recently captured from Spain), but they never interfered with the exercise of his archiepiscopal duties. Warfare, however, produced refugees, and Fénelon opened his palace to refugees fleeing the ongoing conflict. For Fénelon all wars were civil wars. Humanity
2860-465: The result of erosion , deposition , and land elevation . Depending on their geological origin, islands forming archipelagos can be referred to as oceanic islands , continental fragments , or continental islands . Oceanic islands are mainly of volcanic origin, and widely separated from any adjacent continent. The Hawaiian Islands and Galapagos Islands in the Pacific , and Mascarene Islands in
2925-400: The same Duc de Bourgogne became Dauphin of France, it was a whole string of reforms that Fénelon submitted to him in preparation for his accession Fénelon defended universal human rights , and the unity of humankind. He wrote: A people is no less a member of the human race, which is society as a whole, than a family is a member of a particular nation. Each individual owes incomparably more to
2990-512: The same sorrowing tone, Fénelon puts to to his pupil, the Duc de Bourgogne, against the day, when he will have to take over the royal power: Do you understand the constitution of kingship? Have you acquainted yourself with the moral obligations of Kings? Have you sought means of bringing comfort to the people? The evils that are engendered by absolute power, by incompetent administration, by war, how will you shield your subjects from them? And when in 1711,
3055-558: The second of the three children of Pons de Salignac, Comte de La Mothe-Fénelon by his wife Louise de La Cropte. Reduced to the status of "impecunious old nobility" by François' time, the La Mothe-Fénelons had produced leaders in both Church and state. His uncle Francois currently served as bishop of nearby Sarlat, a see in which fifteen generations of the Fénelon family had filled the episcopal chair. "In fact, so many members of
3120-625: The senior official of the Dutch East India Company on the ship 't Gulden Zeepaert ("The Golden Seahorse"), captained by François Thijssen who mapped 1800km of the southern coastline of Australia from Albany to Ceduna in the course of a 1626–27 voyage from the Netherlands to Formosa and Japan . Nuyts was in the region of the archipelago in January 1627. The remote and desolate islands were later arguably also used as
3185-429: The seven-year-old Duke of Burgundy , who was second in line for the throne. This brought him a good deal of influence at court. As tutor, Fénelon was charged with guiding the character formation of a future King of France . He wrote several important works specifically to guide his young charge. These include his Fables and his Dialogues des Morts . But by far the most lasting of his works that Fénelon composed for
3250-670: The shelf. The islands of the Inside Passage off the coast of British Columbia and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago are examples. Artificial archipelagos have been created in various countries for different purposes. Palm Islands and The World Islands off Dubai were or are being created for leisure and tourism purposes. Marker Wadden in the Netherlands is being built as a conservation area for birds and other wildlife. The largest archipelago in
3315-678: The softer calcarenite is close to sea level it has been heavily eroded by wave action. The area is biologically unique in South Australia due to the influence of the Leeuwin Current , flowing eastwards across the Great Australian Bight and bringing features more typical of western than south-eastern Australia. In and around the archipelago the subtropical Leeuwin Current meets and mixes with the colder waters of
SECTION 50
#17327726437343380-432: The south Indian Ocean are examples. Continental fragments correspond to land masses that have separated from a continental mass due to tectonic displacement. The Farallon Islands off the coast of California are an example. Sets of islands formed close to the coast of a continent are considered continental archipelagos when they form part of the same continental shelf, when those islands are above-water extensions of
3445-630: The south-east of Goat Island, it supports a sea lion breeding colony. Eyre Island is a sand island supporting large numbers of pied oystercatchers, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre . The island first obtained protected area status as a fauna conservation reserve declared under the Crown Lands Act 1929-1966 on 16 March 1967 . Franklin Islands – both East and West Franklin Islands are covered by nitre bush on deep soils, with breeding muttonbirds (102,080 pairs). They were named by Flinders on 3 February 1802 after midshipman John Franklin who
3510-462: The tide of scholarly opinion which led to Pope Clement XI 's 1713 bull Unigenitus , condemning Quesnel's opinions. Although confined to the Cambrai archdiocese in his later years, Fénelon continued to act as a spiritual director for Mme de Maintenon, as well as the ducs de Chevreuse and de Beauvilliers, the duke of Burgundy, and other prominent individuals. Fénelon's later years were blighted by
3575-668: The two sides traded opinions. On 12 March 1699, the Inquisition formally condemned the Maximes des Saints , with Pope Innocent XII listing 23 specific propositions as unorthodox. Fénelon immediately declared that he submitted to the pope's authority and set aside his own opinion. With this, the Quietist matter was dropped. However, that same year, The Adventures of Telemachus was published. This book also enraged Louis XIV, for it appeared to question his regime's very foundations. Thus, even after Fénelon abjured his Quietist views,
3640-597: The world by number of islands is the Archipelago Sea , which is part of Finland . There are approximately 40,000 islands, mostly uninhabited. The largest archipelagic state in the world by area, and by population, is Indonesia . Fran%C3%A7ois F%C3%A9nelon Fénelon was born on 6 August 1651 at the Château de Fénelon , in Sainte-Mondane , Périgord , Aquitaine , in the Dordogne river valley,
3705-490: Was a single society and all wars within it the greatest evil, for he argued that one's obligation to mankind as a whole was always greater than what was owed to one's particular country. During these latter years, Fénelon wrote a series of anti- Jansenist works. The impetus was the publication of the Cas de Conscience , which revived the old Jansenist distinction between questions of law and questions of fact, and argued that though
3770-694: Was later to become well known as a polar explorer. Similar calcarenite -capped plateaus on granite platforms, the islands are joined at low tide by a strip of sand. Once part of the St Francis Island pastoral lease , they were occasionally used for grazing sheep. Public access to the Franklin Islands is prohibited, to safeguard the relict population of stick-nest rats there. Lilliput and Blefescu Islands are small islets which were only officially named in 2007, lying off East and West Franklin respectively, they both support sea lion breeding colonies. Tiger snakes and southern carpet pythons occur in
3835-452: Was named by Baudin after François Fénelon , a French archbishop and theologian. It features heathland on shallow soils and supports a large population of white-faced storm petrels (13,000 pairs), as well as a sea lion breeding colony. Smooth Island is a dome-shaped island with a covering of dense, low scrub, it lies 200 metres (660 feet) north of St Francis. Egg Island is located about 400 metres (1,300 feet) north-east of St Francis, it
3900-726: Was named by Flinders on 3 February 1802 after Mr Lacy, a crew member of HMS Investigator . It has low heath, shrubland, and supports muttonbirds (4740 pairs). Hart Island was named after Captain John Hart , a Premier of South Australia. Evans Island is located about between the two protected areas but is part of neither. It serves as a lighthouse reserve managed by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA). It features Marsh Saltbush shrubland on deep soils, and supports muttonbirds (29,472 pairs). St Peter Island (also called St Peter's Island)
3965-405: Was named by Flinders on 7 February 1802 after midshipman Sherrard Lound. It supports a sea lion breeding colony. Goat Island is a 303 hectares (750 acres) island lying 2 km south-west of St Peter Island, it supports muttonbirds (94,800 pairs). The wreck of the single-screw steamer, Eleni K (originally Johns Hopkins ) lies on the north side of the island. Breakwater Island is an islet to
SECTION 60
#17327726437344030-487: Was named in 1627 by Thijssen after Nuyts' patron saint. Gliddon Reef is an islet to the south-west of St Peter, it supports a sea lion breeding colony. Purdie Islands are little more than a chain of low rocks, they were named by Flinders on 3 February 1802 after Robert Purdie, the surgeon’s assistant on the Investigator . They support a sea lion breeding colony. Lounds Island is covered by low, dense vegetation, it
4095-512: Was no point in further condemning her. Furthermore, Fénelon disagreed with Bossuet's interpretation of the Articles d'Issy, as he wrote in Explication des Maximes des Saints (a work often regarded as his masterpiece - English: Maxims of the Saints ). Fénelon interpreted the Articles d'Issy in a way much more sympathetic to the Quietist viewpoint than Bossuet proposed. Louis XIV responded to
4160-498: Was proclaimed on 25 August 2011 and was excised from all of the Isles of St Francis Conservation Park and from the Nuyts Archipelago Conservation with exception to Eyre Island and St Peter Island. Evans Island which was previously unalienated Crown land has only partially included in the wilderness protection area as part of the island is held by AMSA for use as a site for a lighthouse . The waters around
4225-476: Was well received in the social circle of the Beauvilliers and Chevreuses. Fénelon was deeply impressed by her piety and actively discipled her. He would later become a devotee and defend her brand of Quietism . In 1689, Louis XIV named Fénelon's friend the Duc de Beauvilliers as governor of the royal grandchildren. Upon Beauvilliers' recommendation, Fénelon was named the tutor of the Dauphin 's eldest son,
#733266