Misplaced Pages

SMS Cormoran

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
#632367

56-566: Two ships have been known as SMS Cormoran : SMS  Cormoran  (1892) , an unprotected cruiser built by the German Kaiserliche Marine SMS ; Cormoran  (1909) , a Russian transport ship captured by the German raider SMS  Emden and commissioned as an auxiliary cruiser during World War I [REDACTED] [REDACTED] List of ships with

112-412: A draft of 4.42 m (14.5 ft) forward. She displaced 1,612  t (1,587 long tons ) normally and up to 1,864 t (1,835 long tons; 2,055 short tons) at full load . Her propulsion system consisted of two horizontal 3-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines that drove a pair of screw propellers . Steam was provided by four coal-fired cylindrical fire-tube boilers that were ducted into

168-437: A beam of 10.60 m (34 ft 9 in) and a draft of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in) forward and 5.22 m (17 ft 2 in) aft. The cruisers' hulls were constructed with transverse steel frames with yellow pine planking up to the upper deck. A layer of Muntz metal sheathing covered the hull to protect the wood from shipworm . The stem and sternposts were constructed with steel and timber. A bronze naval ram

224-403: A pair of 3-bladed screw propellers that were 3 m (9 ft 10 in) wide in diameter. The boilers were divided into two boiler rooms and were trunked into a single funnel. The ships were fitted with an auxiliary schooner barque rig with a total surface area of 856 to 877 m (9,210 to 9,440 sq ft). Steering was controlled by a single rudder . Each ship was equipped with

280-620: A pair of electricity generators with a combined output of 24 kilowatts (32 hp) at 67  volts . The propulsion system provided a top speed of 15.5 kn (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph), though all six ships exceeded their design speeds while on sea trials , reaching between 15.7 to 16.9 knots (29.1 to 31.3 km/h; 18.1 to 19.4 mph). The ships carried between 170 to 205 t (167 to 202 long tons; 187 to 226 short tons) of coal as designed, and they could accommodate up to 305 to 320 t (300 to 315 long tons; 336 to 353 short tons) of coal using additional storage spaces. This provided

336-736: A punitive expedition against cannibals in Kaiser-Wilhelmsland . On 3 November, she took part in a flag raising ceremony in Blanche Bay commemorating the German possession of New Pomerania. Three days later, her crew participated in the groundbreaking ceremony for a Bismarck tower in Toma , a town southwest of the capital, Herbertshöhe . On 13 November, Cormoran embarked the governor in Herbertshöhe, and went first to Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen, then to Hansa-Hafen, and then to

392-418: A range of 10,800 m (35,400 ft). Two guns were placed side by side forward, two on each broadside , and two side by side aft. The gun armament was rounded out by five 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Hotchkiss revolver cannon for defense against torpedo boats . She was also equipped with two 35 cm (13.8 in) torpedo tubes with five torpedoes, both of which were mounted on the deck. Cormoran

448-452: A range of between 2,990 to 3,610 nautical miles (5,540 to 6,690 km; 3,440 to 4,150 mi) at 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph). The first ship was armed with a main battery of eight 10.5 cm K L/35 guns in single pedestal mounts, supplied with 800 rounds of ammunition in total. They had a range of 8,200 m (26,902 ft 11 in). The five subsequent ships were equipped with newer quick-firing SK L/35 versions of

504-525: A single funnel . These provided a top speed of 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph) from 2,800 metric horsepower (2,800  ihp ), and a range of approximately 2,950 nautical miles (5,460 km; 3,390 mi) at 9 kn (17 km/h; 10 mph). She had a crew of 9 officers and 152 enlisted men. The ship was armed with a main battery of eight 10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK L/35 quick-firing (QF) guns in single pedestal mounts, supplied with 800 rounds of ammunition in total. They had

560-818: A stint in the main fleet. The ship was modernized during a lengthy reconstruction that started in 1907 at the Kaiserliche Werft in Danzig. New boilers manufactured by J W Klawitter in Danzig were installed, and her sailing rig was reduced. A new, larger conning tower was also installed. Work was completed in 1908, and on 1 May 1909, Cormoran was recommissioned for service in the Pacific. While in Malta on 8 June 1909, she received orders to proceed to Asia Minor , where unrest in Turkey and violence against Armenians

616-597: A trip to Hong Kong, she was caught in a hurricane, which did significant damage to the cruiser. Her sides were slightly pushed in and all of her boats were damaged by the storm. Temporary repairs were effected in Nouméa in New Caledonia . Cormoran finally arrived in Hong Kong on 3 May; by 15 July, she had returned to Apia. She was thereafter joined by her sister Condor , the armored cruiser Scharnhorst and

SECTION 10

#1732772236633

672-714: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles SMS Cormoran (1892) SMS Cormoran ("His Majesty's Ship Cormorant ") was an unprotected cruiser of the Bussard class , the fifth member of a class of six ships. She was built for the Imperial German Navy for overseas duty. The cruiser's keel was laid down in Danzig in 1890; she was launched in May 1892 and commissioned in July 1893. Cormoran

728-656: The Chief of the Imperial Admiralty , sought to modernize Germany's cruiser force. The first step in the program, the two Schwalbe -class unprotected cruisers , provided the basis for the larger Bussard class. The Bussard class was designed for service abroad and the design for the Bussard class was prepared in 1888. The ships were significantly larger and faster than the Schwalbe class, but mounted

784-693: The East Asia Division under the command of Rear Admiral Hoffmann , who flew his flag in the armored cruiser SMS  Kaiser . In July 1896, she participated in the recovery of the stranded gunboat Iltis . In October and November 1897, Cormoran steamed up the Yangtze River to Hankow . She was also involved in the occupation of the Jiaozhou Bay Leased Territory . She went to the Philippines during

840-542: The Kaiserin-Augusta River . The cruiser steamed 183 nautical miles (339 km; 211 mi) up the river before being ordered to reverse course. By 22 November, she had reached the mouth of the river, and by 8 January 1910, she had moored in Apia once again. She participated in the celebrations for the tenth anniversary of the German annexation of the islands, which lasted from 28 February to 3 March. While on

896-716: The Spanish–American War in May 1898; the American cruiser USS  Raleigh prevented Cormoran from entering Cavite . In November, she towed Kaiser from Samsah Bay in Fujian to Hong Kong for repairs. The tense political situation in German Samoa prompted the Admiralstab (Admiralty Staff) to send Cormoran to reinforce her sisters Bussard and Falke there. While en route to Samoa on

952-550: The lead ship , Falke , Seeadler , Cormoran , Condor , and Geier . Designed for service in Germany's colonial empire, the class emphasized a long-range cruising radius and relatively heavy armament; they were also the last cruisers in the Kaiserliche Marine to be equipped with an auxiliary sailing rig. The ships were equipped with eight 10.5-centimeter (4.1 in) guns. All six ships served abroad for

1008-416: The 10.5 cm guns. These newer guns also had a longer range, of 10,800 m (35,433 ft 1 in). Two guns were placed side by side on the forecastle , two on each broadside —one in a sponson and the other in a gun port —and two side by side on the quarterdeck . Geier did not use sponsons for the second pair of guns, instead simply mounting them on the upper deck. The gun armament

1064-642: The 1890s, Seeadler was assigned to Germany's colonies in East Africa and Southwest Africa , where she suppressed local uprisings. In November 1897, Cormoran took part in the seizure of the Jiaozhou Bay Leased Territory in the Shandong Peninsula in Qing China . Geier was present in the Caribbean during the Spanish–American War in 1898, though she took no active role in

1120-596: The German Pacific colonies. In September, she and the steamer Planet pulled free the Norwegian barque Fram , which had run aground. She received another major overhaul in Tsingtau in May 1912, which was followed by surveying cruises in the German colonies. She did not return to Apia until 10 January 1913. Cormoran was reclassified as a gunboat on 24 February 1913 by order of Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz ,

1176-708: The Pacific. Seeadler visited the United States in March 1893, along with the protected cruiser Kaiserin Augusta , for the belated celebrations for the 400th anniversary of Columbus 's crossing of the Atlantic. In July of that year, while assigned to the East Asia Division , Bussard and Falke assisted in the suppression of Mata'afa Iosefo 's revolt in Samoa , along with a British corvette . Throughout

SECTION 20

#1732772236633

1232-568: The Pacific. She participated in the seizure of the Jiaozhou Bay Leased Territory in the Shandong Peninsula in China in 1897. Cormoran returned to Germany in 1903 and was modernized in 1907–08. The following year, she returned to the South Pacific, where she remained until the outbreak of World War I in August 1914. Docked in Tsingtau for repairs at the onset of hostilities, she

1288-802: The State Secretary of the Reichsmarineamt (Imperial Navy Office). From 4 June to 5 July, she underwent repairs in Sydney. She was then obliged to stop in Bougainville due to tribal feuds on the island. She landed her shore party to assist the Polizeitruppen in suppressing the conflict. She departed for Tsingtau for further repair work in early 1914, arriving on 30 May. As the political situation in Europe worsened in July 1914,

1344-585: The capital of Portuguese Mozambique , on 15 December. Cormoran remained there for the next seven months. In January 1895, she towed the Portuguese cruiser Afonso de Albuquerque back to Lourenço Marques. In July, Condor arrived there to replace Cormoran ; the latter was now free to return to her original deployment to East Asian waters. She left East Africa on 5 July. While en route, she stopped in Muscat , Oman , where she paid an official visit to

1400-478: The class to survive the war, and she was scrapped in 1921. Through the 1870s and early 1880s, Germany built two types of cruising vessels: small, fast avisos suitable for service as fleet scouts and larger, long-ranged screw corvettes capable of patrolling the German colonial empire . A pair of new cruisers was authorized under the 1886–1887 fiscal year, intended for the latter purpose. General Leo von Caprivi ,

1456-680: The coast. Cormoran and Geier were modernized between 1907 and 1909; only Falke and Condor never returned for major dockyard work. Condor and Cormoran suppressed the Sokehs Rebellion in the Caroline Islands in January 1911, along with the light cruiser Leipzig . In 1912, when the Second Balkan War broke out, Geier was stationed in the eastern Mediterranean Sea to observe

1512-693: The conflict. Between 1898 and 1900, Bussard and Seeadler were modernized in Germany. In 1900, Seeadler participated in the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion in China, including a blockade of the Chinese coast. In December 1902, Falke and the protected cruiser Vineta joined British forces in the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03 after Venezuelan forces seized a British merchant ship. The two cruisers helped British warships bombard Venezuelan coastal fortifications and blockade

1568-575: The fore and mainmast, and to move the stern guns forward. These measures allowed the ship to float free from the reef. The crew then re-stowed the supplies that had been sent ashore before returning to Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen. There, her seaworthiness was inspected, and additional supplies were brought aboard. Cormoran then steamed to Sydney for dry-docking; a full inspection of her hull revealed that it had only been slightly damaged. Repairs lasted until early June. Cormoran returned to Sydney in mid-June 1900 for her annual overhaul. Part of her crew

1624-523: The hostilities. Both Bussard and Falke were stricken from the naval register on 25 October 1912 and broken up the following year, at Hamburg and the Kaiserliche Werft in Danzig, respectively. After the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, Seeadler was converted into a mine storage hulk in Wilhelmshaven. An accidental explosion in April 1917 destroyed the ship, and her wreck

1680-726: The light cruisers Emden and Nürnberg from the East Asia Squadron. The five ships cruised together until, on 13 December while in Rabaul , they were ordered to proceed to Ponape to suppress the Sokehs Rebellion . They arrived on 19 December and operated in the area until 22 February, with Cormoran , Emden and Nürnberg landing shore parties in support of Polizei-Soldaten (a force of police officers) deployed from German New Guinea . On 23 March, Cormoran ' returned to Sydney for yet another annual overhaul. Afterward, she resumed her typical cruising duties in

1736-502: The majority of their careers, primarily in Africa and the south Pacific, where they assisted in the suppression of uprisings such as the Boxer Rebellion in China and the Sokehs Rebellion in the Caroline Islands . Cormoran participated in the seizure of the Jiaozhou Bay Leased Territory in China in 1897, and Falke was involved in the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03 . Bussard and Falke were broken up for scrap in 1912, but

SMS Cormoran - Misplaced Pages Continue

1792-470: The night of 23–24 March 1899, Cormoran ran aground on the Whirlwind Reef, north of the western tip of New Pomerania . She was stuck on the reef amidships , so that her bow was sticking about a meter out of the water. The crew attempted to lighten the ship by removing coal and ammunition, but she remained grounded on the reef. The ship's commander, Korvettenkapitän Hugo Emsmann, sent

1848-631: The other islands. In 1902, she again visited the Bismarck Archipelago and the Marshall Islands . Further repairs were effected in Sydney, and the cruiser was back in Apia by 18 August. Another tour of Germany's colonies began on 23 September. She returned to Sydney for periodic maintenance in mid-March 1903, and there she received the order to return to Germany. Cormoran departed Sydney on 23 May, bound for Germany; she reached Kiel on 13 September. While in Germany, she served

1904-471: The remaining four ships were still in service following the outbreak of World War I in August 1914. Cormoran was based in Qingdao with unusable engines; she was scuttled in the harbor since she was no longer operational. Geier briefly operated against British shipping in the Pacific before having to put into Hawaii for internment by the then-neutral United States. After the United States entered

1960-562: The return journey to Samoa, Cormoran was sent to the St Matthias Islands in the Bismarck Archipelago , where a German researcher named Mencke had been murdered, along with his assistant. There, Cormoran and the survey vessel Möwe attacked the islanders responsible for the murders. On 28 July, Cormoran had returned to Apia, and through November, the ship was occupied with survey work and trips to

2016-596: The same battery of guns—though only Bussard carried the same type of guns—the rest carried a newer, quick-firing model. They were also the last cruiser class in the German Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial Navy) to be equipped with a sailing rig; the subsequent unprotected cruiser Gefion was entirely steam-powered. The ships of the Bussard class all differed slightly in their characteristics. The first two ships, Bussard and Falke , were 79.62 meters (261 ft 3 in) long at

2072-513: The same or similar names This article includes a list of ships with the same or similar names. If an internal link for a specific ship led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended ship article, if one exists. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SMS_Cormoran&oldid=1046018533 " Categories : Set index articles on ships German Navy ship names Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

2128-515: The senior officer in Tsingtau at the time, Fregattenkapitän (Frigate Captain) Karl von Müller , the commander of Emden , ordered the repair work to Cormoran to be accelerated. After the outbreak of war in early August, Emden captured the Russian steamer Ryazan and brought her back to Tsingtau. Since Cormoran was still out of service, she was decommissioned and her crew

2184-486: The staff of the Imperial Dockyard to prevent her from being captured. 36°03′00″N 120°16′00″E  /  36.0500°N 120.2667°E  / 36.0500; 120.2667 Bussard-class cruiser The Bussard class of unprotected cruisers were built for the German Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial Navy) in the late 1880s and early 1890s. The class comprised six ships: Bussard ,

2240-416: The steam pinnace and a dinghy with two officers and eleven men, towing a load of coal, to Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen , some 162 nautical miles (300 km; 186 mi) away. There, they met the steamer Stettin , which arrived on the scene on 29 March. Emsmann then decided to remove all unnecessary coal and ammunition—some of which was put ashore and the rest simply thrown overboard—to cut away

2296-640: The sultan. On 5 August while steaming in the Strait of Hormuz , the safety valve on the starboard low-pressure cylinder of the starboard engine was damaged. As a result, Cormoran had to put into Bushehr , Persia , for repairs. Following completion of the repair work, Cormoran cruised to Basra via the Shatt al-Arab , where she paid visits to the local German consul and Turkish authorities. On 13 September 1895, Cormoran arrived in Singapore and joined

SMS Cormoran - Misplaced Pages Continue

2352-521: The war in April 1917, she was seized and commissioned into the US Navy as USS Schurz ; she served as an escort until she was accidentally sunk following a collision with a freighter in June 1918. Seeadler and Condor , meanwhile, had been converted into mine storage hulks after the start of the war. Seeadler was destroyed by an accidental explosion in 1917. Condor was the only member of

2408-450: The waterline and 82.60 m (271 ft) long overall . They had a beam of 12.50 m (41 ft) and a draft of 4.45 m (14 ft 7 in) forward and 5.63 m (18 ft 6 in) aft. They displaced 1,559 metric tons (1,534 long tons) as designed and up to 1,868 t (1,838 long tons) at full load . The next three ships, Seeadler , Condor , and Cormoran , were 79.62 m (261 ft 3 in) long at

2464-471: The waterline and had the same overall length as their earlier sister ships . They had a beam of 12.70 m (41 ft 8 in) and a draft of 4.42 m (14 ft 6 in) forward and 5.35 m (17 ft 7 in) aft. They displaced 1,612 t (1,587 long tons) as designed and 1,864 t (1,835 long tons) at full load. The last ship, Geier , was 79.62 m long at the waterline and 83.90 m (275 ft 3 in) long overall. She had

2520-510: The wind when steaming at low speed. The ships had a crew of 9 officers and 152 enlisted men. They carried a number of smaller boats, including one picket boat, one cutter , two yawls , and two dinghies . Their propulsion system consisted of two horizontal 3-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines powered by four coal-fired cylindrical fire-tube boilers ; the engines were rated at 2,800 metric horsepower (2,800  ihp ) and were placed in their own engine rooms . The engines drove

2576-576: Was armed with a main battery of eight 10.5-centimeter (4.1 in) guns, and could steam at a speed of 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph). Cormoran spent the majority of her career abroad, usually in Germany's South Pacific colonies in the Samoan Islands . Her duties there typically consisted of survey work and suppressing colonial unrest. She briefly cruised in South African waters in late 1894 and early 1895 before steaming to

2632-731: Was assigned to overseas service in Germany's colonial possessions. She was initially ordered on 2 October to the East Asia Station to replace the gunboat SMS  Wolf , but the rising tensions in South Africa led the Navy to send the new cruiser to German East Africa to secure German interests in the region instead. On 16 October, Cormoran and her newly commissioned sister ship Condor left Germany, bound for East Africa. They arrived in Lourenço Marques ,

2688-438: Was authorized under the 1886–1887 fiscal year, intended for the latter purpose. General Leo von Caprivi , the Chief of the Imperial Admiralty , sought to modernize Germany's cruiser force. The first step in the program, the two Schwalbe -class unprotected cruisers , provided the basis for the larger Bussard class . Cormoran was 82.6 meters (271 ft) long overall and had a beam of 12.7 m (42 ft) and

2744-560: Was built by the Kaiserliche Werft (Imperial Shipyard) in Danzig . Her keel was laid in 1890 and her completed hull was launched on 17 May 1892. Kaiser Wilhelm II attended the launching ceremony with the senior director of the Kaiserliche Werft . Work was completed by 25 July 1893, when she was commissioned into the Imperial German Navy . Following her commissioning, she underwent two months of sea trials, which were completed on 22 September. Starting in 1894, Cormoran

2800-479: Was fitted at the bow. The hull was divided into ten watertight compartments , and a double bottom was installed below the boiler rooms. The ships were good sea boats, but they rolled badly and the sponsons for the main guns caused severe vibration. Since Geier was laid down after the other five ships entered service, she was redesigned slightly to discard the sponsons, and so she did not suffer from bad vibration. They were very maneuverable, except for turns into

2856-664: Was never raised. Condor was used for the same purpose in Kiel; she survived the war and was broken up for scrap in 1921 in Hamburg. Cormoran , still stationed in Qingdao, was scuttled in the harbor because her engines were in poor condition. Geier meanwhile operated against British merchant shipping in the Pacific following the onset of hostilities. By October, she was running low on coal and had been isolated from any sources of support; she therefore steamed to Hawaii , where she

SECTION 50

#1732772236633

2912-516: Was prompting German intervention. She joined the cruisers Stettin and Lübeck , and took on some 300 Armenians to protect them from harassment. On 9 July, while moored in Port Said , she received the order to resume her voyage to the Pacific. Cormoran was forced to stop in Jeddah for repairs to her boilers. After reaching the Pacific, she began coastal survey work, and her landing party led

2968-557: Was replaced; these men were then sent to China to take part in the suppression of the Boxer Uprising . On 2 October, Cormoran anchored in Apia, before embarking on a tour of the German Pacific colonies. Another overhaul in Sydney followed, which lasted from 15 March to 1 May 1901. During this period, she and the protected cruiser Hansa represented Germany during the first Parliament of Australia in Melbourne . While on

3024-484: Was rounded out by five 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Hotchkiss revolver cannon for defense against torpedo boats. The first five ships were also equipped with two 35 cm (13.8 in) torpedo tubes , both of which were mounted on the deck. Geier instead had larger 45 cm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes. Each ship carried five torpedoes . All six ships of the class spent the majority of their careers abroad, primarily in Germany's colonial possessions in Africa and

3080-422: Was unable to actively take part in the fighting. She was therefore disarmed and scuttled in the harbor; her guns were used to strengthen the defenses of the port. Through the 1870s and early 1880s, Germany built two types of cruising vessels: small, fast avisos suitable for service as fleet scouts and larger, long-ranged screw corvettes capable of patrolling the German colonial empire . A pair of new cruisers

3136-440: Was used to man Ryazan , which was commissioned as the auxiliary cruiser Cormoran . Men from the gunboats Iltis and Vaterland , along with some war volunteers, joined them aboard the new auxiliary cruiser. Much of her weaponry was removed to strengthen the shore defenses at Tsingtau on 6 August 1914 to protect the concession from British attack. She was scuttled in the harbor on the night of 28–29 September 1914 by

#632367