An electronic ticket is a method of ticket entry, processing, and marketing for companies in the airline, railways and other transport and entertainment industries.
51-855: SmartRider is the contactless electronic ticketing system of the Public Transport Authority of Western Australia . The system uses RFID smartcard technology to process public transport fares across public bus, train, and ferry services. The system is widely used across the Transperth public transport network in metropolitan Perth, as well as regional town bus services in TransAlbany , TransBunbury , TransBusselton , TransEsperance, TransGeraldton , TransHedland, TransGoldfields , TransKarratha, and TransCarnarvon in Western Australian regional centres. SmartRider
102-418: A Delairco Bartrol / Wayfarer Transit Systems consortium was named as the preferred bidder to deliver a smartcard ticketing system to Perth. The implementation of SmartRider was originally planned for January 2005, but due to problems with the implementation of reader technology, the key dates changed several times. SmartRiders became available to all members of the public from 14 January 2007. The SmartRider
153-416: A barcode , which may be scanned on entry into the venue to streamline crowd processing. Electronic tickets have become increasingly prevalent in the entertainment industry over the last decade. In some cases, spectators who want to see a match may not need a printable electronic ticket. If someone with a membership to a football team books a ticket online, the member can just verify his/her reservation with
204-460: A QR Code. They are located at the following train and bus stations: Machines at Transperth InfoCentres, located in the Perth central business district , also offer this feature. The Add-Value machines are currently being phased out in favor of the new SmartRider Hubs. SmartRider Hub The new SmartRider Hubs are being rolled out along the network and offer the option to top up smart riders or buy
255-427: A SmartRider processor has been installed at station entry and exit points. Bus stations, apart from those that are interchanges with train stations, do not employ the technology as buses each have their own attendant. All Armadale/Thornlie line , Fremantle line , and Midland line other than termini and Bassendean are open. The others are: At some bus-train interchanges, arriving buses drop passengers off inside
306-414: A card must contain a minimum equivalent to a two-section fare for the holder's user category ($ 1.10 for concession, $ 2.16 for adult) - the only exception is a Seniors SmartRider holder travelling during a nominated free travel period. If the card cannot be tagged on, a cash fare must be purchased. AVMs allow passengers to add value to their SmartRider card by inserting bills/coins into a machine, or by using
357-525: A faregate. A paid area usually exists in rapid transit railway stations for separating the train platform from the station exit, ensuring a passenger has paid or prepaid before reaching the railway platform and using any transport service. Such design requires a well-organized railway station layout. In some systems, paid areas are named differently - for example, on railways in the United Kingdom they are called compulsory ticket areas . The paid area
408-533: A fee for issuing paper tickets. When a reservation is confirmed, the airline keeps a record of the booking in its computer reservations system . Customers can print out or may be provided with a copy of a e-ticket itinerary receipt which contains the record locator or reservation number and the e-ticket number. It is possible to print multiple copies of an e-ticket itinerary receipt. Besides providing itinerary details, an e-ticket itinerary receipt also contains: Passengers with e-tickets are required to check-in at
459-475: A four-zone fare being charged to the SmartRider regardless of distance travelled. However, Transperth has maintained that the default fare is "equal to the cash fare on the assumed basis that a passenger who has failed to tag off has travelled to the final destination of that particular bus, train or ferry service", and that the four-zone rate only applies to rail travel. During the implementation trial phase,
510-407: A hot-listed (or cancelled) card's number will be sent out to all processors (usually within 1–2 days of being reported), and when the card is next used the 'tag on' will be declined and the card updated to cancelled status (resulting in it being rejected in the future). At the core of the system is the individual cards issued to passengers using the system. The cards are a MIFARE -based card and have
561-670: A machine or a desk to buy a ticket or refill an RFID card, but can buy it in their phone. In India , an SMS sent by the Indian Railways , along with a valid proof of identity is considered equivalent to a ticket and also a e-ticket pdf can be downloaded from the IRCTC website or mobile app. Many sport, concert venues, and cinemas use electronic ticketing for their events. Electronic tickets, or "eTickets" as they are sometimes referred, are often delivered as PDFs or another downloadable format that can be received via email or through
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#1732791232656612-508: A membership card at the entrance. This is common with teams in the English Premiership League. In January 2017 it was reported that Germany's Federal Minister of Transport and Digital Infrastructure , Alexander Dobrindt wants to create an electronic ticket to connect public bus and train services as well as parking spaces and potentially car-sharing services across all cities. A nationwide electronic ticket system
663-480: A minimum of a two section fare when they tag on for the funds to transfer onto the card. A SmartRider tag-on machine is integrated into the machines that issue bus and ferry tickets. Passengers can add value to the card with a minimum of $ 10 for standard and $ 5 for concession by paying the driver. Value can be added via EFTPOS or cash at authorised retail outlets such as newsagents. The SmartRider project includes various machines and technologies to manage and control
714-404: A mobile app. Electronic tickets allow organizers to avoid the cost of producing and distributing physical tickets by transferring costs to the customer, who must own electronic hardware and purchase internet access in order to receive their ticket. A printed copy of these tickets or a digital copy on a mobile phone should be presented on coming to the venue. These tickets now normally also have
765-536: A nationwide system where RFID smartcards are used as train tickets. In the UK, the issuance of printable or mobile tickets is at the discretion of train operators and is often available for advance tickets only (i.e. valid only on a specific train). This is very common in Europe for local urban rail, such as rapid transit /metros. During the 2010:s phone apps have been increasingly popular. Passengers do not have to visit
816-452: A passenger's bank account, attracts a 20% discount from the normal cash fare per journey (less than the discount applied to 40-trip MultiRiders under the previous system), while all other methods of adding value attract a 10% discount (less than 10-trip MultiRiders). When a SmartRider card is first purchased, a minimum credit of $ 10 in addition to the card cost must be added. The card has a maximum limit of $ 256. In order to successfully tag on,
867-448: A standard SmartRider ($ 10 Per card and a minimum of $ 10 loaded), These machines vary by station accepting Notes and Visa / Mastercard contactless payments only. They are located at the following: AutoLoad allows a user to establish a direct debit authority or provide credit card information to automatically reload the card with a pre-set amount, once the low-value threshold of $ 6 for standard users and $ 3 for concession users
918-410: A standard SmartRider, the total cost of set up is $ 20, and the cost of the card itself is $ 10. Electronic ticket E-tickets in the airline industry were devised in about 1994, and have now largely replaced the older multi-layered paper ticketing systems. Since 1 June 2008, it has been mandatory for IATA members to use e-ticketing. Where paper tickets are still available, some airlines charge
969-478: A theoretical attack which could retrieve the private key from the card within minutes on a standard desktop pc. It has been estimated that the security of the cards will hold up until early 2010 before it becomes a trivial matter to exploit the inherent security vulnerabilities of the RFID based card system. Users of the system pass their card over a processor both on boarding and departure of any mode of transport using
1020-515: A ticket for a journey. These are generally available only at major terminal stations, but other smaller stations occasionally grant platform tickets in exchange for a piece of identification. Similarly, in some airports, such as the Pittsburgh International Airport , non-ticketed members of the public can acquire an airside access pass to visit the shops and restaurants inside the restricted area, as long as they produce
1071-467: A train, without being forced to buy a ticket. SmartRider implementation has resulted in some stations being gated ("closed") so that one must either validate a SmartRider ticket through a gate to enter or exit the station, or alternatively, show a valid ticket and concession card (if applicable) to a station attendant next to the gate. The officer is also able to assist people with special needs. At all other stations, fare gates have not been installed, and
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#17327912326561122-498: A unique individual identification number allocated to each card. These cards communicate specific information as they interact with the relevant processing equipment at the points of boarding and disembarking from the various transport modes that the card operates across (bus, train, ferry). The Wayfarer 6 Electronic Ticketing Machine (ETM) incorporates a smartcard processor that allows the driver to sign on and off, issue cash tickets and process SmartRider transactions. Passengers can use
1173-485: Is available for all other methods of payment. This was raised in Parliament by Liberal MP Katie Hodson-Thomas , who claimed that passengers would end up paying $ 324 more a year for public transport under SmartRider. In February 2006, The West Australian reported criticism by trial users who claimed that their failure to tag off, either by accidentally forgetting to do so or due to a non-working machine, resulted in
1224-571: Is in use, there were 243 police requests made in total as of March 2006. The system has been criticised for usability issues in general system, website and top-up machine design. Criticism has been directed at the cost to users of the SmartRider system compared to its predecessor, the MultiRider. While the MultiRider could be bought as a 40-ride ticket for a 25% discount, a lesser 20% discount can now only be obtained by paying by direct debit, which can take up to 3 weeks to activate. A 10% discount
1275-500: Is not used for ticketing on Transwa train and coach services but can be recognized as proof of entitlement to concession fares, including for coach travel on South West Coach Lines . The SmartRider is a credit card-sized smartcard incorporating a microchip and internal aerial, allowing the smartcard to communicate with processors located at Transperth railway stations, on Transperth ferries, and on Transperth and regional town bus services. The microchip enables value to be loaded onto
1326-477: Is reached. Loading a SmartRider automatically via Autoload is the only way users can achieve similar levels of fare savings in comparison to the previous MultiRider system. Alternatively, passengers can manually transfer funds from their bank account using BPay , either via phone or internet. It takes 3–5 working days depending on your financial institution and the time of the Bpay transaction. Passengers must have
1377-641: Is similar in concept to the airside at an airport. However, in most cases entrance to the paid area requires only a valid ticket or transit pass . The exception is in certain cases of international rail travel, where passengers must also pass through immigration control and customs to enter the paid area. Examples include the Eurostar international platforms at St Pancras railway station and Gare du Nord , Woodlands Train Checkpoint in Singapore , where
1428-556: Is stored both on the card and centrally by Transperth and provides users of the system the capability to check and review recent usage by either visiting a designated Information Kiosk or online via the Transperth website. The police have the potential to use SmartRider card data as an investigative tool, and use of this feature overseas is dramatically increasing. In London , where the RFID-technology Oyster card
1479-407: Is the same limit that applied to paper tickets. Another critical limitation is that at the time e-tickets were initially designed, most airlines still practiced product bundling . By the time the industry began 100% e-ticket implementation, more and more airlines began to unbundle previously included services (like checked baggage) and add them back in as optional fees ( ancillary revenue ). However,
1530-403: Is then transmitted back to Transperth by either wired LAN (for fixed processors including standalone units and faregates) or wireless LAN (For buses and other mobile forms of transport). Major train stations are fitted with Flowbird operated access control gates, which open in response to the card. The Wayfarer Merit and SmarTrack back office systems provide statistical data and interface to
1581-564: The IATA Simplifying the Business initiative, the association instituted a program to switch the industry to 100% electronic ticketing. The program concluded on June 1, 2008, with the association saying that the resulting industry savings were approximately US$ 3 billion. In 2004, IATA Board of Governors set the end of 2007 as the deadline for airlines to make the transition to 100% electronic ticketing for tickets processed through
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1632-427: The "paid" area of a closed station. These stations have a special arrangement which allows passengers to transfer from a bus to a train and vice versa without going through a fare gate . Because of this, passengers tagging off a bus at any Controlled Station will automatically be tagged onto the train, and passengers tagging on this bus after getting off the train at a Controlled Station will automatically be tagged off
1683-551: The IATA billing and settlement plan; in June 2007, the deadline was extended to May 31, 2008. As of June 1, 2008 paper tickets can no longer be issued on neutral stock by agencies reporting to their local BSP . Agents reporting to the ARC using company-provided stock or issuing tickets on behalf of an airline ( GSAs and ticketing offices) are not subject to that restriction. The industry
1734-692: The airport for a flight in the usual manner, except that they may be required to present an e-ticket itinerary receipt or personal identification , such as a passport, or credit card. They can also use the Record locator , often called booking reference, a code of six letters and digits. Producing a print-out of an e-ticket itinerary receipt may be required to enter the terminal of some airports or to satisfy immigration regulations in some countries. The introduction of e-tickets has allowed for various enhancements to checking-in processes. Several websites assist people holding e-tickets to check in online in advance of
1785-471: The card, as well as allowing the journey details to be recorded and the appropriate fare deducted from the stored value on the card. The SmartRider system is designed so that passengers can "tag on" and "tag off" any services whenever they travel through the public transport network. As of 2020–21, 78.9% of all fare-paying boardings were made using a SmartRider. In 2018, the WA government announced that $ 34 million
1836-705: The conductor using an app. Mobile tickets are common with operators of US commuter train networks (e.g. MTA LIRR and Metro North) but they are usually only offered on the US version of the App Store and only accept US-issued credit cards as the app's payment page asks the user for the credit card's ZIP code to complete the purchase. Several European train operators also offer self-printable or downloadable tickets. Often tickets can also be delivered by SMS or MMS. Railway operators in other countries also issue electronic tickets. The national operators of Denmark and Netherlands have
1887-514: The default fare was charged at the Cash Fare less the customer's discount based on how they last reloaded their card. With the opening of the Mandurah line , the default fare for travel on all train services was increased to a seven-zone fare, due to the ability of passengers to transfer trains without tagging off/on. Further criticism has arisen from the set-up costs of the SmartRider card. For
1938-500: The e-ticket standard did not anticipate and did not include a standardized mechanism for such optional fees. IATA later implemented the Electronic Miscellaneous Document (EMD) standard for such information. This way, airlines could consistently expose and capture such fees at time of booking through travel reservation systems, rather than having to surprise passengers with them at check-in. As part of
1989-476: The end of the day, where it is transmitted back to Transperth. Delayed transaction history is accessible by Transperth staff and the user if their card is linked to a Transperth account. The network also functions by 'pending actions', where each SmartRider processor on the network downloads a list of recent actions Transperth has taken against a list of cards. The processors then wait until they next see that card, upon which data can be modified on them. For example,
2040-581: The financial control systems of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia. Other functions will allow card top up via the Internet and by direct debit systems. In February 2008, the Dutch government issued a warning about the security of access keys based on the ubiquitous MiFare Classic RFID chip (the same chip used in the SmartRider system) after some students from The University of Virginia demonstrated
2091-522: The network using their mobile phone or credit card – a key McGowan Government 2021 election commitment. More than 4200 new SmartRider readers and new Add-Value Machines (SmartRider Hubs) are currently being installed, with the new terminals expected to be fully rolled out by 2025. The new SmartRider readers will have the ability to pay by tagging on and tagging off with your contactless Visa and Mastercard debit or credit cards, including those in your digital wallet when they are fully rolled out. In July 2003,
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2142-590: The only departures are to neighbouring Malaysia , as well as Hung Hom station , Lo Wu station , Lok Ma Chau station and Hong Kong West Kowloon station in Hong Kong. In some rapid transit systems, passengers are banned from eating or drinking inside the paid area of every station. A platform ticket allows non-travelers access to the paid area of a station to make a platform tour, seek for departures of friends or relatives, greet friends and family members or to assist them with their luggage without having to have
2193-402: The system including distance travelled, fare deduction, and processing. The SmartRider card's chip contains information such as the SmartRider number, current balance, concession/ Autoload status and, if in the middle of a journey, the location the card was tagged on at. Upon 'tagging', this information is updated on the card by the processor. The processor will also store this information until
2244-421: The system. Each SmartRider card is uniquely numbered, and registration is necessary before the card can be used for concession card holders, and is necessary to access many of the advertised features for other users though is not compulsory. The registration process requires filling in a form providing Transperth with the passenger's full name, address, date of birth, SmartRider card number and password. Usage data
2295-448: The train before being tagged onto the bus. The following stations are controlled stations: A range of SmartRider cards exist. When a SmartRider card is first purchased, a card purchase fee of $ 5 for concession users and $ 10 for standard users will apply, on top of which credit needs to be added to use the card. Several options exist for adding value to a SmartRider card. The AutoLoad system, which allows Transperth to directly debit from
2346-565: The twenty-four-hour airline restriction. These sites store a passenger's flight information and then when the airline opens up for online check-in the data is transferred to the airline and the boarding pass is emailed back to the customer. With this e-ticket technology, if a passenger receives his boarding pass remotely and is travelling without check-in luggage, he may bypass traditional counter check-in. The ticketing systems of most airlines are only able to produce e-tickets for itineraries of no more than 16 segments, including surface segments. This
2397-707: The unit to top up their SmartRider cards and the ETM/GPS interface also determines the exact location of a bus at all times and calculates fare zones automatically also allowing for live app tracking. The project also includes the Wayfarer SCP smartcard Platform processor for tagging on and off at all 'open' train station platforms, and the SCV, the Wayfarer smartcard bus and ferry validator for tagging on and off buses and ferries. Information collected by processing equipment
2448-490: Was introduced in Denmark in 2010, called Rejsekort . Fare control In rail transport, the paid area is a dedicated "inner" zone in a railway station or metro station, accessible via turnstiles or other barriers, to get into which, visitors or passengers require a valid ticket, checked smartcard or a pass. A system using paid areas is often called fare control . Passengers are allowed to enter or exit only through
2499-432: Was rolled out progressively to different groups of customers: For much of the control group testing, Transperth offered full or partial fare refunds to prevent software problems causing overcharging. Until the SmartRider system was implemented, all Perth railway stations were effectively "open," meaning that a passenger - or indeed, any member of the public - could freely walk into or out of any given train station, or onto
2550-415: Was set aside in the state budget to replace and update SmartRider with a newer system. The new system was anticipated to go live in 2021, with the government considering contactless credit card and mobile payments integration. The 2021-22 State Budget also allocated $ 15 million to upgrade SmartRider as part of an overall $ 57.8 million system revamp, which will include the option for commuters to tag on to
2601-404: Was unable to comply with the IATA mandate and paper tickets remain in circulation as of February 2009. Amtrak started offering electronic tickets on all train routes on 30 July 2012. These tickets can be ordered over the internet and printed (as a PDF file), printed at a Quik-Trak kiosk, or at the ticket counter at the station. Electronic tickets can also be held in a smart phone and shown to
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