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39-463: Smith Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lyon County , Nevada , United States. The population was 1,603 at the 2010 census . Smith Valley is located in southwestern Lyon County at 38°49′9″N 119°21′21″W  /  38.81917°N 119.35583°W  / 38.81917; -119.35583 (38.819204, -119.355912), occupying the valley of the same name. The valley is bordered to

78-421: A CDP have no legal status and may not always correspond with the local understanding of the area or community with the same name. However, criteria established for the 2010 census require that a CDP name "be one that is recognized and used in daily communication by the residents of the community" (not "a name developed solely for planning or other purposes") and recommend that a CDP's boundaries be mapped based on

117-461: A population of at least 10,000. For the 1970 Census , the population threshold for "unincorporated places" in urbanized areas was reduced to 5,000. For the 1980 Census , the designation was changed to "census designated places" and the designation was made available for places inside urbanized areas in New England. For the 1990 Census , the population threshold for CDPs in urbanized areas

156-572: A religious leader who had founded the Ghost Dance of 1870. From the age of eight until almost thirty Wovoka often worked for David Wilson, a rancher in the Yerington, Nevada , area, and his wife Abigail, who gave him the name Jack Wilson when dealing with Euro-Americans . David Wilson was a devout Christian , and Wovoka learned Christian theology and Bible stories while living with him. One of his chief sources of authority among Paiutes

195-654: The 1890 Census , in which the Census mixed unincorporated places with incorporated places in its products with "town" or "village" as its label. This made it confusing to determine which of the "towns" were or were not incorporated. The 1900 through 1930 Censuses did not report data for unincorporated places. For the 1940 Census , the Census Bureau compiled a separate report of unofficial, unincorporated communities of 500 or more people. The Census Bureau officially defined this category as "unincorporated places" in

234-461: The 1950 Census and used that term through the 1970 Census. For the 1950 Census, these types of places were identified only outside " urbanized areas ". In 1960 , the Census Bureau also identified unincorporated places inside urbanized areas (except in New England , whose political geography is based on the New England town , and is distinctly different from other areas of the U.S.), but with

273-644: The Ghost Dance movement of 1890, was born and raised in Smith Valley. The West Walker River flows through Smith Valley, and for more than a century the flows of the Walker have been diverted to irrigate farms and ranches. Diversions of the Walker River have contributed to near complete ecosystem collapse of Walker Lake . The primary crops grown in Smith Valley are alfalfa and hay. In addition to

312-526: The Mexico–United States border , and unincorporated resort and retirement communities and their environs. The boundaries of any CDP may change from decade to decade, and the Census Bureau may de-establish a CDP after a period of study, then re-establish it some decades later. Most unincorporated areas within the United States are not and have not been included in any CDP. The boundaries of

351-636: The Native American Church , Dorrington found that Wovoka was instead living a humble life in Mason, Nevada . He abstained from the practice, worked as an occasional medicine man , and traveled to events on reservations across the United States. Wovoka died in Yerington on September 20, 1932, and is interred in the Paiute Cemetery in the town of Schurz, Nevada . Native American band Redbone named their 1973 album Wovoka , and

390-552: The census of 2000, there were 1,422 people, 553 households, and 419 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 11.8 people per square mile (4.6/km). There were 610 housing units at an average density of 5.1 per square mile (2.05/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 89.23% White , 0.27% African American , 1.20% Native American , 0.28% Asian , 0.07% Pacific Islander , 8.01% from other races , and 1.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 19.37% of

429-467: The Census Bureau considers some towns in New England states, New Jersey and New York as well as townships in some other states as MCDs, even though they are incorporated municipalities in those states. In such states, CDPs may be defined within such towns or spanning the boundaries of multiple towns. There are a number of reasons for the CDP designation: Wovoka Wovoka ( c.  1856 – September 20, 1932), also known as Jack Wilson ,

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468-531: The Ghost Dance movement, and arguably sought conflict with the Lakota tribe as a means of condemning these practices. Wovoka never left his home in Nevada to become an active participant in the dance's dissemination in the U.S. interior. Indian Agents, soldiers, and other federal officials tended to have a hostile and sometimes violent attitude toward the movement. Wovoka was disheartened by how events unfolded at

507-454: The Lakota interpretation promoted hostility toward US federal agents, it did not explicitly advocate for violent action. Historical evidence suggests that the unconventional practice of Christianity on the part of the Lakota tribe was largely responsible for the tensions between Whites and Native Americans leading up to the Battle at Wounded Knee. US authorities challenged the theological views of

546-803: The Lyon county seat , and west 15 miles (24 km) to U.S. Route 395 north of Topaz Lake . State Route 338 leads south from Smith Valley 30 miles (48 km) to the California border, where State Route 182 leads an additional 14 miles (23 km) to Bridgeport, California . According to the United States Census Bureau , the Smith Valley CDP has a total area of 122.5 square miles (317.4 km), of which 120.6 square miles (312.4 km) are land and 1.9 square miles (5.0 km), or 1.57%, are water. The central part of

585-536: The Paiute dead, and the removal of whites and their works from North America . Wovoka taught that in order to bring this vision to pass, the Native Americans must live righteously and perform a traditional round dance, known as the Ghost Dance . Wovoka's prophetic message referenced a number of Christian theological concepts. In the "Messiah Letters", Wovoka spoke of Jesus Christ's life on Earth and likened

624-410: The Walker River through Smith Valley has significantly declined in stream efficiency, suggesting that groundwater pumping is leading to more river water leaving the channel to the groundwater table each year. Census-designated place CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 as the counterparts of incorporated places , such as self-governing cities , towns , and villages , for

663-403: The average family size was 2.92. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.1% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 31.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.2 males. The median income for a household in the CDP

702-484: The boundaries for CDPs. The PSAP was to be offered to county and municipal planning agencies during 2008. The boundaries of such places may be defined in cooperation with local or tribal officials, but are not fixed, and do not affect the status of local government or incorporation; the territories thus defined are strictly statistical entities. CDP boundaries may change from one census to the next to reflect changes in settlement patterns. Further, as statistical entities,

741-419: The boundaries of the CDP may not correspond with local understanding of the area with the same name. Recognized communities may be divided into two or more CDPs while on the other hand, two or more communities may be combined into one CDP. A CDP may also cover the unincorporated part of a named community, where the rest lies within an incorporated place. By defining an area as a CDP, that locality then appears in

780-488: The dance of Pride.".. In the 2007 film Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee , Wovoka is portrayed by Wes Studi . The Dead Inklings, an American indie rock band, has written a song about Wovoka and the ghost dance entitled "Them Bones". The band Old Crow Medicine Show mentions "the prophets from Elijah to the old Paiute Wovoka" in the song "I Hear Them All", from their album Big Iron World . Written by David Rawlings , "I Hear Them All" also appears on his album A Friend of

819-848: The foretold redemption of Native Americans to a biblical Judgement Day. Wovoka made references to the reunion of the living and the dead, and also advocated for non-violence in the Christian spirit of pacifism and fair temperament. In its imagery and symbolism, the Ghost Dance embodied many of these Christian principles. Anthropologists, historians, and theologians provide conflicting accounts on when and how Wovoka had his vision. One scholar of religions, Tom Thatcher, cites James Mooney's Smithsonian-sponsored anthropological report to claim that Wovoka received his first vision while chopping wood for David Wilson in 1887. Conversely, historian Paul Bailey utilized Mooney's work along with interviews with Wovoka's contemporaries and interpreters to assert that he received

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858-788: The geographic extent associated with inhabitants' regular use of the named place. There is no provision, however, that this name recognition be unanimous for all residents, or that all residents use the community for which the CDP is named for services provided therein. There is no mandatory correlation between CDP names or boundaries and those established for other human purposes, such as post office names or zones, political precincts, or school districts. The Census Bureau states that census-designated places are not considered incorporated places and that it includes only census-designated places in its city population list for Hawaii because that state has no incorporated cities. In addition, census city lists from 2007 included Arlington County, Virginia 's CDP in

897-556: The list with the incorporated places, but since 2010, only the Urban Honolulu CDP, Hawaii, representing the historic core of Honolulu, Hawaii , is shown in the city and town estimates. The Census Bureau reported data for some unincorporated places as early as the first census in 1790 (for example, Louisville, Kentucky , which was not legally incorporated in Kentucky until 1828), though usage continued to develop through

936-470: The massacre. He still remained a prominent Native American leader until his death. Sometime between 1894 and 1896, he was reported to have been a sideshow attraction at a San Francisco Midwinter Fair Carnival. In 1917, an agent for the Nevada Agency named L.A. Dorrington tracked down Wovoka to report on his whereabouts to Washington. Curious to see if the former Native American messiah had any ties to

975-609: The movement came from U.S. Indian Office , U.S. War Department , and multiple Native American tribal delegations. As the movement spread across the American west, various interpretations of Wovoka's original message were adopted, notably by the Lakota Sioux living on the Pine Ridge reservation. The Lakota interpretation was considered more militant, placing additional emphasis on the foretold elimination of White men. Although

1014-405: The population. There were 553 households, out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 17 living with them, 69.2% were married couples living together, 3.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 19.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and

1053-412: The purposes of gathering and correlating statistical data. CDPs are populated areas that generally include one officially designated but currently unincorporated community, for which the CDP is named, plus surrounding inhabited countryside of varying dimensions and, occasionally, other, smaller unincorporated communities as well. CDPs include small rural communities, edge cities , colonias located along

1092-457: The same category of census data as incorporated places. This distinguishes CDPs from other census classifications, such as minor civil divisions (MCDs), which are in a separate category. The population and demographics of the CDP are included in the data of county subdivisions containing the CDP. Generally, a CDP shall not be defined within the boundaries of what the Census Bureau regards to be an incorporated city, village or borough. However,

1131-560: The title song, after the prophet. In the 1971 film Billy Jack , Billy, played by Tom Laughlin , teaches the Ghost Dance to Indians and students of the Montessori Freedom School. In the moments leading up to this session, Billy's girlfriend Jean (played by Laughlin's wife, Delores Taylor), explains Wovoka and the Ghost Dance to an abused teenage girl hiding from her abusive father at the school. Jean says that once, even Christ appeared to Wovoka. In 1988 'Ghost Dance'

1170-580: The use of surface water that has led to the ecological collapse of Walker Lake , Smith Valley water users have withdrawn groundwater at an unsustainable rate for at least 50 years. In 2015, the Nevada Department of Water Resources issues Order 1267, limiting the use of supplemental groundwater in Smith and Mason Valleys . The order was subsequently struck down by state district court, as the order's 50% curtailment of all supplemental groundwater rights

1209-560: The valley is drained by the West Walker River , which exits the valley to the east through Wilson Canyon. The northern part of the valley is an endorheic basin , with Artesia Lake occupying the lowest area. Smith Valley is named for American fur trapper and explorer Jedediah Smith , who crossed the area in spring 1827, after crossing the Sierra Nevada at Ebbetts Pass on his way to the 1827 fur trade rendezvous. As of

Smith Valley, Nevada - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-580: The vision after entering a two-day trance, awaking in tears. Regardless, shortly after receiving the vision and its message, it moved quickly beyond his local Paiute community by word of mouth to Native American tribes further east, notably the Lakota . The Ghost Dance movement is known for being practiced by the victims of the Wounded Knee Massacre . Before the Ghost Dance reached Native Americans on South Dakota plains reservations, interest in

1287-837: The west by the Pine Nut Mountains , to the north by the Buckskin Range , to the east by the Singatse Range , to the southwest by the Wellington Hills , and to the southeast by the Pine Grove Hills . The CDP occupies the western and central parts of the valley, with the western border of the CDP following the Douglas County line. Nevada State Route 208 passes through the valley, leading northeast 23 miles (37 km) to Yerington ,

1326-414: Was $ 46,803, and the median income for a family was $ 46,625. Males had a median income of $ 31,574 versus $ 29,038 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 21,940. About 8.4% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 13.2% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over. Wovoka , also known as Jack Wilson, a Northern Paiute religious leader who founded

1365-408: Was found to abridge the priority dates of some supplemental groundwater right owners. In 2022, a study by the Nevada Department of Water Resources indicated that the groundwater table in Smith Valley has declined by more than 100 feet (30 m) in the last 50 years and that more than 287,000 acre-feet (354,000,000 m) of groundwater have been withdrawn from the valley. During the same time period,

1404-413: Was his alleged ability to control the weather. He was said to have caused a block of ice to fall out of the sky on a summer day, to be able to end drought with rain or snow, to light his pipe with the sun, and to form icicles in his hands. Wovoka claimed to have had a prophetic vision after falling into a coma during the solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 . Wovoka's vision entailed the resurrection of

1443-481: Was reduced to 2,500. From 1950 through 1990, the Census Bureau specified other population requirements for unincorporated places or CDPs in Alaska , Puerto Rico , island areas, and Native American reservations . Minimum population criteria for CDPs were dropped with the 2000 Census . The Census Bureau's Participant Statistical Areas Program (PSAP) allows designated participants to review and suggest modifications to

1482-610: Was remastered and reissued on the eponymous ' Death Cult ' compact disc. Reaching No. 2 on the UK Independent Chart when originally released in July 1983. Ian Astbury (singer and songwriter with Billy Duffy) spent formative years in Canada in which his part Native American heritage was to become a small but important part of his songwriting. "Wovoka had a vision, His words went far and wide - Save our once great nation, and dance

1521-597: Was the Paiute religious leader who founded a second episode of the Ghost Dance movement. Wovoka means "cutter" or "wood cutter" in the Northern Paiute language . Wovoka was born in the Smith Valley area southeast of Carson City, Nevada , around 1856. Quoitze Ow was his birth name. Wovoka's father was Numu-tibo'o (sometimes called Tavibo), who for several decades was incorrectly believed to be Wodziwob ,

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